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Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - SHIRT, ARMY
Part of the "Kevin John Herdman" no. 397661 Collection. See catalogue No. 5942P for details of his service.Short sleeved Khaki polyester shirt with two button down breast pockets. Six button front. Navy blue and red lanyard looped under right epaulette and attached to right button down breast pocket. Faded manufacturer's label attached to inside collar.Stamped in black on inside collar ' Size 39'. uniform, shirt, army, kevin john herdman -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Administrative record - Minute book Glenleigh Fabrics Pty. Ltd, Circa 1955
In 1869, the Warrnambool Meat Preserving Company commenced their business on the site, where it operated until 1875 when it was sold to the directors of the Warrnambool Woolen Mill Company. After being destroyed by fire in 1882 it wasn’t until 1910 that the Warrnambool Chamber of Commerce was approached by Marcus Saltau and Peter McGennan to invest in a new mill. The original directors were James Dickson, P J McGennan, Robert Swinton, M Saltau, and J W Younger. In 1955 the Warrnambool Woollen Mill formed a partnership with the Wangaratta Woollen Mills. Dunlop bought the mill in 1968. From that time until its closure in 2000 it had a number of different owners, the last being the Smith Family Industries. Directors listed for this period 1956 -1965 include Mr Fletcher Jones, E.E Ladner, N. K. Morris, C. J. McIntyre, J Bennett, J Dickson.. W. S Crowe was manager and Mr E.M Dempster was secretary.The minutes record the decision- making process of one of the major industries of Warrnambool for a significant period of the Woollen Mill’s operation.Heavy black card binder held with thick cloth binding. 1557 Pages with some loose pages at the back of the folder.Kalamazoo Loose leaf Books. Size 42. warrnambool,, glenleigh fabrics pty. ltd., warrnambool woollen mill -
Bendigo Military Museum
Footwear - SHOES, BLACK, C1960’S
Issued to WATERSTON, David Raymond 3170581, 6 RAR VIETNAM 8 MAY 1969 TO 16 MAY 1970.Shoes- pair, black leather with black fabric laces. Leather soles.Size label moulded into sole “7/5”footwear, leather shoes, army uniform -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Service Gear, Pilotka Russian Army Foldable Side Cap, 1960 - 1970
A pilotka with no stripes, belongs to the basic GI unit of the Red Army Infantry. Dated anywhere between early 60s to late 80sA pilotka with no stripes, belongs to the basic GI unit of the Red Army Infantry. Dated anywhere between early 60s to late 80sWool/Cotton Cap Khaki leather/Plastic sweat band on onsideManufacturer details (in Russian)) on inside Size 56pilotka, russian, foldable side cap -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Clothing - shoe, Baby's Shoe Ringwood c1927
Belonged to June Jones (nee Webber) one of her first shoes.Coffee coloured baby's shoe with ribbon ties. Lace ruffle around front and double stitching top to sole.Made by Fautleys Reg no. 34599 Size 0 -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Tool - Wood smoothing plane coffin pattern, 18th to early 19th century
Being smaller than other bench planes, the coffin-shaped smoothing plane is better able to work on smaller work pieces and around obstructions. Since the 1700s wooden smoothing planes have predominantly been 'coffin shaped' wider in the middle and slightly rounded making them more manoeuvrable. A vintage tool made by an unknown 18th or early 19th-century woodworking tool maker. This item would have been made for individuals or cabinet makers that worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a flat smooth finish to timber. These tools were used before routers and spindle moulders came into use in the late 19th and early 20th centuries before this time producing either a decorative moulding or a smooth finish to furniture timber, door trims etc had to be accomplished using hand planing tools and in particular one of these types of planes. Traditionally wood planes were blocks of wear-resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding or had a flat blade used for achieving a flat and smooth finish to timber. The blade or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile or for smoothing and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers' shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding and flat-bladed planes for a full range of work to be performed. Large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other workers to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it. These vintage planes are well sought after by collectors of antique tools due to their rarity. A significant tool from the 18th to early 19th century by an unknown maker that today is quite rare and sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Tools that were themselves handmade show the craftsmanship used during this time not only to make a tool such as the subject item but also the craftsmanship needed to produce a decorative finish that was needed to be made for any timber furniture item. Smoothing Plane Coffin type. Stamped GM inside "W" indicating sizeflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Tool - Smoothing Wood Plane Coffin Pattern, 18th to Early 19th Centuries
Being smaller than other bench planes, the coffin shaped smoothing plane is better able to work on smaller work pieces and around obstructions. Since the 1700s wooden smoothing planes have predominantly been 'coffin shaped' wider in the middle and slightly rounded making them more manoeuvrable. A vintage tool made by an unknown 18th or early 19th century woodworking tool maker. This item would have been made for individuals or cabinet makers that worked in wood and needed a tool that could produce a flat smooth finish to timber. These tools were used before routers and spindle moulders came into use in the late 19th and early 20th centuries before this time to produce either a decorative moulding or a smooth finish to furniture timber, door trims etc had to be accomplished using hand planing tools and in particular one of these types of planes. Traditionally wood planes were blocks of wear resistant hardwood, often beech or maple, which were worked to the shape of the intended moulding or had a flat blade use for achieving a flat and smooth finish to timber. The blade, or iron was likewise formed to the intended moulding profile or for smoothing and secured in the body of the plane with a wooden wedge. A traditional cabinetmakers shop might have many, perhaps hundreds, of moulding and flat bladed planes for a full range of work to be performed. Large crown mouldings required planes of six or more inches in width, which demanded great strength to push and often had additional peg handles on the sides, allowing the craftsman's apprentice or other worker to pull the plane ahead of the master who guided it. These vintage planes are well sought after by collectors of antique tools due to their rarity. A significant tool from the 18th to early 19th century that today is quite rare and sought after by collectors. It gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other decorative finishes were created on timber by the use of hand tools. Tools that were themselves hand made shows the craftsmanship used during this time not only to make a tool such as the subject item but also the craftsmanship needed to produce a decorative finish that was needed to be made for any timber furniture item. Wood smoothing plane known as a coffin plane due to it's shape, wood insert screwed on front of base. Stamped "MILLER". Inscribed "X" (probably the size)flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, cabinet makers tools, woodworking tools, wood plane, smoothing plane, timber finishing, furniture manufacture -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Book (item) - CAC Collection - Engineering Drawing Practice BS308-2:1985
Part 2: Recommendations For Dimensioning And Tolerancing Of Size -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Uniform - Uniform, Army, Gaitors
One pair of grey canvas gaitors with 3 Grey leather straps and buckles.CGCF A^F 1968 Size 5 Lgaitors -
Wangaratta RSL Sub Branch
Headwear - Beret, 2/6th Australian Regiment 1941
Black woollen beret with leather edging, string drawstring and rising sun badge. Also has 2/6 Aust Armoured Reg 1941 patch of green top, red bottom and white tank in the middle with white edging.Inside: M.T.X. Size 6 3/4wwii beret, wwii, world war 2, beret, 2nd 6th australian armoured regiment, military patch -
Hume City Civic Collection
Photograph, c1960
This photo is a collection of objects that stood on the roads in the past and were collected by the former Bulla Shire and mounted in front of their offices in Macedon Street, Sunbury.A black and white photograph of two lamp posts, two milestones and a hitching poston back: "Relics of the past" "Regional" Frame Sizelamp posts, lights, street lighting, bulla shire, hitching posts, milestones, regional newspaper, george evans collection -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Clothing - Evening Dress & Jacket, Smaragd of Melbourne, 1965-75
The Fashion & Design collection of the Kew Historical Society includes examples of women’s, men’s, children’s and infants’ clothing from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Items in the collection were largely produced for, or purchased by women in Melbourne, and includes examples of outerwear, protective wear, nightwear, underwear and costume accessories.Black strapless satin evening dress with a ruched gold neckine. The outfit includes a fitted long sleeved black jacket.Label: SMARAGD EXCLUSIVE OF MELBOURNE. SIZE 12fashion - australia - melbourne, smaragd of melbourne, women's clothing, evening dresses, fashion design, clothing -- 1970s -
Mont De Lancey
Lasts
Mass produced.Wood and metal shoe last.Multi Fit shoetree. Size 7-8.bootmaking tools, boot lasts -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Clothing - House Coat, C 1970's
Worn by donor's mother c 1970s.- Summer house coat with raglan sleeves - Cotton with satin trim & tied neck - Iris & stripe pattern in multi colour - Plastic buttons down front " A Ralstan Gown", size 18, Bust 100cmclothing, fashion, housecoat -
Moorabbin Air Museum
Headwear (item) - White Hat With Black Peak Inscribed With DCA
Manufactured by Merco Melbourne. Size 71/4. -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Domestic object - Butter Churn, Cherry and Sons, 1890-1920
The subject item is a good example of a large, hand-operated Bentwood box butter churn used to make up to 14 pounds of butter. It was made in Gisborne, Victoria, by the famous manufacturer, E. Cherry, and is known as an Improved Patent No.2 model probably dating from the late 1800s. The Cherry works specialised in making all types of butter churns and equipment for both domestic use on farms and small butter factories during the late nineteenth and early to mid. twentieth centuries. Milk was "separated" to retrieve the cream which was then beaten to make butter. E Cherry began making various models of Cherry butter churns in 1858, Edward Cherry migrated from Herefordshire England to Australia in 1855 with his wife Ann Appleby, nee Davis, and established a joinery workshop at Gisborne, Victoria. He began by making butter churns in his spare time and his product soon became popular allowing him to establish a viable business. A factory was established in 1875 and he started to make churns of all sizes including up to industrial scale. He exported his products to many countries around the world, Edward Cherry died in 1909 and the business was then run by his son George until he died in 1917. E Cherry's other son Thomas (1861-1945) was also involved in the firm maintaining an interest for several years. He had been born in Gisborne and became a senior house medical surgeon at the Melbourne Hospital in 1890. He continued his studies at Kings College London, eventually becoming a renowned bacteriologist and agricultural scientist. A significant giving an snapshot into how early industrial manufacturing became established in Australia.Rectangular manual butter churn, footed wooden box containing an X-shaped wooden interior rack, which is joined to an exterior metal hand crank with turned wood handle, through a hole in the box. Beneath the hand crank is a hole from the interior lined with metal. The lid has a carry handle affixed to the lid on two cross pieces attached to the lid by brass screws.Label in block transfer Manufactured by Cherry & Sons Pty Ltd Gisborne, Victoria Size "00"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, butter churn, cherry and sons, wooden butter churn -
Linton and District Historical Society Inc
Knitting needles, 1941 - 1945
Knitting needles made by Mr Albert Kennedy during 1941 - 1945 war. Mr Kennedy was an uncle of Miss G. Cox2 bundles of wooden knitting needles, nine size 8 needles and ten size 6 needles.knitting needles, albert kennedy, miss g. cox -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - SERVICE DRESS, WINTER, RAAF, c1942
John William HARKIN. No. 170317, Enlisted 27.06.44, Age 18. Discharged 6.12.48. Rank of LAC in 381 (B)SQD.1. Dress coat - navy blue colour wool fabric, black colour, cotton lining with beige colour cotton lining to sleeves. Buttons - black colour bakelite with metal shank, emblazoned with the King's Crown and a Wedgetailed eagle in flight WW2. On sleeves - Australia shoulder patch with wings and a propeller patch. Right sleeve - gold, blue and red colour "British Commonwealth Forces" patch. Makers label back below collar. 2, Trousers - navy blue colour wool fabric, owners label inside back, 5 button fly. 3. Trousers - navy blue colour wool fabric, makers size label inside back, 4 button fly.1. Maker's label - red embroidery on cotton fabric "M TX/ Size 18". Handwritten black ink "HARKIN'. 2. Owner's label - black ink on cotton "HARKIN/JW/ R.A.A.F." 3. Maker's label - blue ink print on cotton "N384/1942/ SIZE 24". Maker's label on back of trousers - dark blue print on paper - "AIRMEN'S/ TROUSERS'/ 18oz/ Size 24/ Waist 37../ Height 5'9"to 5'10". Black ink stamp "I/ E.C."uniforms, raaf, ww2 -
Bendigo Military Museum
Administrative record - GENERAL MEETING MINUTES, BENDIGO RSL, Bendigo RSL Sub Branch, C. 1960 to 2000
General meeting minutes of the Bendigo RSL Sub Branch. .1) The first entry is 7.3.1960 - the last 8.12.1975. .2) The first entry is 15.3.1976 - the last 11.4.1994. The minutes for April 1993. - April 1994 are A4 size. .3) The first entry is 9.5.1974 - the last 11.12.2000. The minutes for 16.3.1998 - 11.12.2000 are A4 size. Three Binder folders containing General Meeting Minutes of the Bendigo RSL Sub Branch. .1) Minutes covering the years 1960 - 1975. The majority are typed in black with some use of red throughout. A number of reports are in pen. .2) Minutes covering the years 1976 - 1994. The majority are all typed in black with some use of red underlining. Some are hand written in pen. Some of the notes written on are by the Secretary. .3) Minutes covering the years 1994 - 2000, all type in black with some underlined in red. All the reports are in individual sleeves. There is a mixture of Foolscap and A4 size.brsl, smirsl, minutes, general -
Bendigo Military Museum
Clothing - GREAT COAT, 1967
Peter Ball collection, refer Cat No 4704Army issue Great Coat khaki colour, outer lining heavy duty with green light inner lining, all gold colour buttons intact and have a crown and crossed rifles on, plastic brown buttons under collar one missing, large white label sewn in on with maker, date & personal details, white card label on LH side with coat size.On collar label in black print, “David Klein PTY LTD Victoria 1967 (arrow up) Size 7 Class 8405 - 66 - 012 - 0495”, hand written on in black, “3796117 BALL PC”.clothing, great coat, army issue -
Beechworth RSL Sub-Branch
Flying Suit, 1988
This flying suit would have been worn by a pilot of the Royal Australian Air Force. It is a drill suit and most likely was not used in active service. This flying suit dates to 1988. It is no longer manufactured and is an historically significant article of military clothing. It is also in good condition.Olive drab coloured overalls. Full length sleeves and full length legs. Two pockets on the front of each leg. One zip at the front of each leg with extra fabric in the interior for fabric width enhancement. One access zip on each hip. Two diagonal breast pockets, either side of chest. One small pocket on each arm. All pockets are fastened with metallic brass colour zips. Another pocket on the left upper arm with stitched sections for storing pens. A silver coloured metallic pen holder is clipped and stitched into this section. One epaulet on each shoulder, each fastened with a brass coloured metallic stud. Regular shirt collar. One long zip at the front from the groin to the collar. This has two zip handles, each with a thin piece of leather attached to aid zipping. A patch with inscriptions machine stitched to nape of neck interior. Three brass coloured metallic studs, with a small piece of size adjustment fabric (and the clipping stud attached to this) on each sleeve. Three brass coloured metallic studs, with a small piece of size adjustment fabric (and the clipping stud attached to this) on each side of the waist. One rectangular leather clip attached to the upper right leg pocket. Patch stitched to nape of neck interior has the following inscriptions: A.G.C.F. VIC 1988 (symbol of broad arrow) SIZE.3 8415.66.013.1557 NO NAMEflying suit, royal australian air force -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Functional object - Crucible, The Patent Plumbago Crucible Company, circa 1873
This crucible was raised from the wreck of the Loch Ard. It is one of six similar relics, in a range of sizes, now in the Flagstaff Hill collection. All were manufactured by the Morgan brothers who founded the Patent Plumbago Crucible Company in 1856, making crucibles in a small factory in Battersea London. A crucible is a container used for purifying and melting metals so that they can be cast in a mold to a predetermined shape and use. They must withstand extremely high temperatures, abrupt cooling, and shed their contents with minimal adherence. The addition of graphite to the traditional firing clays greatly enhanced the durability of industrial crucibles this technique was pioneered by the Morgan Bros thereby making a significant technological advance in foundry technology and metallurgy. The Morgans first noticed the advantages of graphite crucibles at the Great Exhibition held in London in 1851. Initially, they contracted to be sole selling agents for the American-made products of Joseph Dixon and Co. from New Jersey, but in 1856 they obtained that firm's manufacturing rights and began producing their graphite crucibles from the South London site. The Morgans imported crystalline graphite in 4-5 cwt casks from the British colony of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) and mixed it with conventional English (Stourbridge) clays to be fired in kilns. Their products were purchased by the Royal Mints in London and India and exported to official mints in France and Germany. They were successful exhibitors of their crucibles and furnaces at the London Exhibition held in 1861 (Class 1, Mining, quarrying, metallurgy and mineral products, Exhibit 265, Patent Plumbago Crucible Co). The range of sizes represented by the six crucibles retrieved from the Loch Ard suggests they may have been part of a sample shipment intended for similar promotion in the Australian colonies or at Melbourne's International Exhibition to be held in 1880. A newspaper account of an 1864 tour of the Morgan brothers' 'Black Potteries' at Battersea indicates: "All the pots were numbered according to their contents, each number standing for one kilogram, or a little over two pounds; a No. 2 crucible contains two kilograms; a No. 3, three kilograms, and so on." These numbers are obscured by marine sediment on three of the crucibles in the Flagstaff Hill collection, but those legible on the remaining three are 5, 6, and 8. None of the six is of the same size. (For more information on the Loch Ard wreck see note sec this document) The shipwreck of the Loch Ard is of significance for Victoria and is registered on the Victorian Heritage Register ( S 417). Flagstaff Hill has a varied collection of artefacts from Loch Ard and its collection is significant for being one of the largest accumulation of artefacts from this notable Victorian shipwreck of which the crucible is a small part. The collections objects give us a snapshot of how we can interpret the story of this tragic event. The collection is also archaeologically significant as it represents aspects of Victoria's shipping history that allows us to interpret Victoria's social and historical themes of the time. Through is associated with the worst and best-known shipwreck in Victoria's history.A medium size crucible, or fluxing pot, for heating and pouring molten metal. The container rises in a slight curve from a smaller flat base to a wider open top with a lip for pouring. It was recovered from the wreck of the LOCH ARD. The crucible has a coating of sediment that obscures its numerical specifications of size and capacity. The markings that remain visible indicate it is a Morgan’s crucible, made with graphite to prevent cracking and provide a smooth non-adhesive inner surface. .On base: “…ORGAN’S …ENT”flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, graphite crucible, plumbago crucible, morgan's crucible company, loch ard, morgan potteries, crucible, fluxing pot -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.
School slate and slate pencils, School slate and pencils, Early 1900's
Used by school children up to 19302 x slates different sizes 7 x slate pencils used in above slates, different sizesOne has alphabet and numbers around sidesslate, schools, slate pencils, cowes state school -
Beechworth Honey Archive
Publication, Australian Transport Statistics 2007 (Dept of Transport & Regional Services), 2007
Soft cover A7 size, blue & grey size with a picture of a rail line 26 pages 2 copies -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Geological specimen - Native (metallic) copper, Unknown
This specimen is a native copper specimen that is metallic. Copper is typically found in the earth's crust and is often found alongside other metals such as gold, zinc, lead and silver which all belong to the same group which is the Copper/Gold group. Copper is most commonly formed from large masses of molten lava rock which has solidified in the earth's crust and over time though different sizes and speeds of crystal growth has turned into large amounts of copper, stored in porphyry copper deposits. Copper has a distinctive colour, yet can sometime appear blue and greenish which is often caused by oxidisation or a mixture of copper and other metals. This specific specimen was recovered from Moonta, South Australia. The Moonta Mining Company was established in 1861, after a Shepard in the area noticed traces of copper. This lead to a rush in the copper mining industry which was relatively young in Australia at the time, making Moonta Mining Company one of the richest in Australia. By the 1860's, South Australia had been nicknamed the "Copper Kingdom" due to its vast amount of Large copper mines and resources. As of 2016, Australia was the second largest producer of Copper internationally, following behind Chile in first place. This copper specimen is significant historically and scientifically as it is such an important metal commonly used throughout the world in various ways. Copper is an invaluable recourse used in daily life, used in most electrical appliances as it is a great conductor of heat and electricity, as well as being soft and malleable, making it easy to bend and mould into delicate sheets and wires. Copper does not corrode and is therefore used in the production of water pipes among countless other significant necessities that are often overlooked in our society. Historically, Copper holds great significance as it was the first metal used by humans. It was discovered roughly 9000 years ago and was utilised by the Neolithic Man who learnt that heating the metal made it more malleable, thus tools and utensils were made which were far superior to the previous stone tools used by humans. This history and its connection to the current and ongoing relationship between humans and copper must be preserved and highlighted as it is integral to the history of all humankind. A small, palm-sized solid native copper mineral specimen with shades of browns, black and rustic tones throughout the specimen.NATIVE (metalic) COPPER / Locality: Moonta, South Australiabeechworth, burke museum, geological specimen, native specimen, geological, mineral, mineralogy, indigo shire, beechworth museum, copper, copper ore -
Bendigo Military Museum
Administrative record - AGM MINUTES, BENDIGO RSL SUB BRANCH, Bendigo RSL Sub Branch, C. 1949 - 1953, 1960 - 2000
The Annual General meeting Minutes of the Bendigo RSL Sub Branch. The first AGM report is 21.2.1949 through to 2.12.1953. The second AGM report 15.2.1960 through to 14.2.2000. These reports were scanned and reprinted in A4 size and placed in leather bound volumes, refer Cat No 8122.5.Binder folder foolscap size with Bendigo RSL Annual General Meeting minutes. The first entry is an original for the year ended 31.12.1934. The first AGM reports begin in 1949 through to 1953. The second entries are from 1960 through to 2000.The typing is in black with the use of underling in red. There a a few hand written. Each report is in a seperate sleeve.brsl, smirsl, agm, minutes -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Instrument - Hourglass
An hourglass or sandglass is an instrument for measuring a defined time and can be used perpetually by simply turning it over immediately the top bulb empties. The clear blown glass is shaped into two equal sized bulbs with a narrow passage in the centre and contains uniform sized sand or glass particles in the lower bulb. The width of the neck regulates the constant flow of the particles. The glass is held in a stand with top and bottom of equal shape and size. Hourglasses can measure an infinite variety of time by gauging the size of the particles, the shape and size of the bulbs and the size of the passage between the bulbs, thus measuring hours or minutes or even seconds. Generally an hourglass sits between discs of wood at the ends, which are joined by long wooden spindles between the ends and tightened by screw caps. The length of time can be adjusted by adding or removing sand particles. The use of the marine sandglass (or hourglass) has been recorded in the 14th century in European shipping. A one minute sandglass was used in conjunction with the ship’s log for ‘dead reckoning’, (see below) that is, for measuring the ship’s speed through the water. They were also used to regulate ringing the ship’s timetable; for example a 4 hour sandglass was used for the length of the sailors’ watch, and a half hour timer for taking of readings for the ship’s log; the ship’s bell would be rung every half hour. It was usually the role of the cabin boy to watch and turn the sandglasses over at the exact time of them emptying their upper chambers and to ring the ship’s bell. Hourglasses have been used historically for many hundreds of years. Some have been used for timing church sermons, in cooking, in industry and at sea. Even today they are used for measuring the cooking time of eggs and timing a player’s turn in games such as Boggle and Pictionary. The sandglasses at sea were gradually replaced in the late 1700’s to early 1800’s by the more accurate chronometers (marine clocks) when they became reliable instruments. DEAD RECKONING (or Deduced Reckoning) Dead reckoning is the term used to describe the method of calculating the ship’s position from its speed and direction, used in early maritime travel, mostly in European waters. Both the (1) speed and the (2) direction of travel were recorded on a Traverse Board at half-hourly intervals during a helmsman’s watch of 4 hours. The navigator would record the readings in his ship’s log, plot them on his navigational chart and give his updated course directions to the next helmsman on watch, along with the cleared Traverse Board. This was a very approximate, but none-the-less helpful, method of navigation. The wooden Traverse Board was a simple pegboard with a diagram of a compass with eight peg holes along the radius to each of the compass points, plus a grid with ascending half hours in the left column and increasing ship’s speed in knots in a row across the column headings, with a peg hole in each of the intersecting cells. A number of wooden pegs were attached to strings on the board. By placing one peg consecutively in the direction’s radius hole, starting from the centre, and the speed holes when the half hourly reading was taken, a picture of speed and direction for the whole 4 hour watch was created. (1) To measure the ship’s speed a one minute hourglass timer was usually used to measure the ship’s speed through the water and help to calculate its longitude. A rope, with knots at regular standard intervals and a weight such as a log at the end, would be thrown overboard at the stern of the ship. At the same time the hourglass would be turned over and a seaman would start counting the number of knots on the rope that passed freely through his hands as the ship travelled. When the timer ran out the counting would be stopped. A timer of one minute (one-sixtieth of an hour), knots spaced one-sixtieth of a nautical mile apart, and simple arithmetic easily gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour ("knots"). This would be recorded every half hour. The speed could however be inaccurate to the travel being affected by ocean currents and wind. (2) To calculate the ship’s direction a compass sighting would be recorded each half hour.Marine hourglasses or sandglasses were used from around the 14th to 19th century during the time of sailing ships. This hourglass is representative of that era, which is during the time of the colonisation of Australia. Hourglass or sandglass; an instrument used to measure time. Two equal sized clear glass bulbs joined with a narrow passage between them, containing equal sized particles of sand grains in lower bulb. Glass sits in a brass collar at each end, in a frame comprising 3 decorative brass columns or posts, each attached top and bottom, using round screw-on feet, to round brass discs. Disc have Roman numerals for the numbers 1 - 12 pressed into their inner surfaces and hieroglyphics on the outer surfaces. Roman numerals on inner surface of discs " I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII " Hieroglyphics impressed on outer surface of discsflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, horology, hourglass, hour glass, sandglass, sand glass, timing instrument, dead reckoning, deduced reckoning, finding latitude at sea, sandglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, hourglass with hieroglyphics and roman numerals, brass hourglass -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
4 Coloured photographs numbered 10043 to 10046, Demolition of buildings in Adelaide Street -Ringwood. Circa 1960
Postcard size coloured photograph"Written on back of photograph" Demolition of buildings East side of Adelaide Street- Ringwood Mail Office and Pines Hospital in background. Early 1960's -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
4 Coloured photographs numbered 10043 to 10046, Demolition of buildings in Adelaide Street -Ringwood. Circa 1960
Postcard size coloured photograph"Written on back of photograph" Demolition of buildings in Adelaide Street - including Bloods Emporium on corner of Maroondah Highway . Early 1960's -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
4 Coloured photographs numbered 10043 to 10046, Demolition of buildings in Adelaide Street -Ringwood. Circa 1960
Postcard size coloured photograph"Written on back of photograph" Demolition of buildings in Adelaide Street - including Block Building, Bloods Emporium, built in 1912 under Capt.E.T.Miles. Early 1960's. Corner of Maroondah Highway