Chicory was mixed with coffee to reduce the amount of coffee bean required to be used. This coffee "substitute" was due to the repeated fluctuations in availability of coffee beans (and price fluctuations) in the USA in the late 1800s and early 1900s resulting in the search for substitutes and additives to bulk out the available supplies. This was especially so during times of the major World Wars. Chicory was an excellent choice of fillers as it did not greatly influence the strong coffee bean taste. The first choice in USA households was coffee not tea and the influence of the American servicemen's thirst for coffee was a major thrust into the Australian "colonial" preference for a "cuppa" tea. Rural areas took longer to acquire a coffee "break" but with more and more subliminal advertising through "American" films the rural regions developed a growing preference for coffee, however the tea break alias "smoko" has lingered on.This coffee and chicory blend tin container is very significant to the Kiewa Valley in that it demonstrates that even in rural regions of Australia tastes and drinking preferences have changed by subliminal advertising as time goes by. The American "influence" whether by the "invasion" of friendly troops during the major wars or the avalanche of "American films" has altered some of the "dinky-di" Australian "true blue" tastes and mores. The availability of "straight " coffee supplies to rural areas was also in proportion to the level of all weather transport routes. In the late 1800's and early 1900's road freight had to contend with dirt roads, flooded roads, bush fires and grazing cattle/sheep in rural areas. The easier access that city households had with regard to replenishment of food and drink products, up until the mid 1900's, was severely retarded in rural areas. This extensively rusted tin of "Bushells Blue Label" Coffee and Chicory has an octagonal shaped body with a "push/pull" lid(tin).Three sides has reproduced painted ladies in "Roman dress" ladies picking the coffee beans. There is no reproduction of any chicory roots. There are two "Indian dressed" field workers(pickers) with turban head dress. On one side of the tin is "directions of use, net weight and manufacturer details."Bushells Coffee & Chicory", "NET 1-Ib. weight", " No. 144" "Under the Pure Food Act N.S.W. 1938" "by Bushells Ltd. No 144"chicory / coffee drinks, tin hydrated drink, rural food and drink consumption patterns, tinned food and drink

David James Wallace Hamilton No 329 AIF. Refer Cat No 2351.5P for his service history..1) Card, folds in half, 'In Loving Memory - For His Country'. Inside small insert photo D.J.W. HAMILTON with details & poem re HAMILTON's death at Messines 7.6.17 aged 28 years. .2) Card, business style re Hamiltons Royal Hotel, Williamstown with black & white photo. .3) - .9) Photos, black & white all very similar relating to machine gunners practising out in the fields.photographs, duty done, loving memory

A novelty postcard with pull-out strip of 9 miniature photographs that was produced by the Valentine Publishing Co as a souvenir of Marysville.A novelty postcard with pull-out strip of 9 miniature photographs that was produced by the Valentine Publishing Co as a souvenir of Marysville.Having a High Old Time at MARYSVILLE KEEP WELL/ AND BRIGHT/ KEEP SMILING/ AND WRITE 1902 VALENTINE'S/ MAILING NOVELTY From VALENTINE'S "MAIL NOVELTY" POSTCARD. COPYRIGHT/ PRINTED IN GT. BRITAIN To Dear Mrs Bannan, I was expecting/ you down to meet "my folks" while they/ were over. Sorry you couldnt fit it in/ They went back last Tuesday & we came/ up here on Wednesday. Weve settled in/ to have a restful holiday. its a lovely/ place spotlessly clean & beautiful meals/ Ive never eaten so much for years. We/ will be here for 10 days so I should put/ on at least a stone the way Im eating/ love & best wishes to you all from Wm Staceymarysville, victoria, postcard, souvenir, valentine publishing co, crossways cabaret (image 1), taggerty river (image 2), acheron way (image 3), blacks spur road (image 4), nicholl's lookout (image 5), main street marysville (image 6), sugarloaf bay eildon (image 7), steavenson falls (image 8), cumberland falls (image 9)

Document, Spying on the Goldfields by Ralph Birrell, Dissatisfaction over the licence issue that festered on the Victorian Goldfields during the early 1850s, might be said to have its genisis at Reid's Creek on the Ovens goldfield. Soon it spread to other fields and particularly to Bendigo Creek where in 1853 it found overt expression in protest meetings and in the formation of the Red Ribbon Movement. Published in the Victorian Historical Journal, Vol.66, No.1, June 1995.Ralph Birrelldocument, names of bendigo pioneers, bendigo

Three piece Poster, Information Board. Left on dark green background with yellow Corps Emblem with white text on the history of Vietnam during their 1st and 2nd tour. Centre section there is a coloured photograph of four soldiers standing in a field and four black and white Photograph to the right of the board of soldiers patrolling and resupplying with helicopter. On the right on a dark green background is a Roll of Honour to the many soldiers who lost their lives in Vietnam.2 RAR: This photo was taken by Elvon King of Delta Company in September of 1967. This photo was chosen without the knowledge of the historical significance of the shot, which proved to be very momentous. For within a very short time (about 30 seconds) of the photo being taken a wayward rocket from a U.S. gunship landed amongst this group of men in the photo, resulting in three of them being killed and forteen being wounded. Elvon King was one of the wounded. The three men in the photo are left to right Dennis (Dave) Enright who lost a and foot in the incident. Harry Leggett who received shrapnel wounds, and Stan Radomi who was killed outright. A very poignant moment in time. these thoughts about the incident from Wally Musgrave was one of those severly wounded at the time. What could have been a sunny afternoon at a Newcastle or Bondi Hotel or beer Garden..... After what could have been a week of patrolling, it was back inside the wire to scrub up and top up on fluids. Next morning, at 9.00, we went out side of the wire for a fire power, demonstration to satisfy a visiting General. The sun was shining, no seating, grass wasn't cut but we were young and so we thought bullet proof. then someone asked for the old Iroguois gun ship which had been firing rockets at a dead tree to be swung around to fire rockets over our heads. Why?? I haven't given "why" that much thought, but the 1 metre long port side rocket tumbled down amongst us and I'm sure everyone who was there can close their eyes and still see it today. This tumbling rocket landed where these three mates were standing amongst 11 and 12 platoon's young soldiers, chatting in the sun, then we were sailing through the air. I didn't see the devastation myself. I was under bodies. As first Dustoff priority we were off to 36 Evacuation Hospital at Vung Tau. There were two doos, one to the Morgue and one at the Hospital. Lucky me. I went through the Hospital door. eight major operations at once. three dead, forteen wounded and nothing on record!! Yeah it was a lovely Sunny Day at Nui Dat., we'll leave it at that! We can't change yesterday. I'm just another Nazho.poster, information board, 2 rar, elvon king

Novelty needle book - 50 needles. Made in Japan. A picture of a young girl and boy in a field, it looks like the young boy has slipped and dropped a bucket of water. On the back a young girl in farm clothes tending to a sheep. When opened the booklet has a pop out figure of the same picture on the front and at the bottom holders for needles, originally there were fours, now only three are left with 7 needles still in.handcrafts, needlework containers, needle book

Three walking tours ogf Bendigo Produced by Bendigo and District Tourist Association a Golden Tour - a two hour tour takes in a cross section of Bendigo's development from a booming gold field to a thriving provincial city (Fortuna to White Hills botanic gardens) b Blue Tour - an extension to the Golden Tour to include the mining areas of Eaglehawk c Walking tour - a leisurely stroll around the perimeter of Rosiland ParkBendigo and District Tourist Association

American field jacket owned by Peter Raymond Young 240217, Australian Intelligence Corp (temporary) Major. Khaki lined jacket, long sleeved, four pockets in front, has plastic zipper down middle, also snap fastners and buttons. 1st Special Forces Command (Airborne) shoulder sleeve insignia. Two jump wings insignia on rithe breast over the name young. Zippered pocket on back of collar240217 Capt young, Aust Int corps written in black texta on right bottom of lined jacketclothing, young, peter raymond, australian intelligence corp

2 copies black and white photograph. As for B91.144(1). No. 1083 Position D. 2 female students working in a field of beans. On reverse, "Athol Shmith Studio Illustrative Photography 124 Collins Street, Melbourne, C.1. Cent. 27. No. 10383 Position E.", "June Bishop." Note by T.H. Kneen 26 February 1992, Student is June Bishop" (identified by Eric Littlejohn 5 February 1992.female students, athol shmith studio, orchard, june bishop, beans, students working outside, vegetable plots

The death of Mitcham identity Katherine Fielding Barnsley who died on 9th July at the age of 92. Many people in Mitcham will remember her as the lady who succeeded in a lone fight against the Council over the footpath in Lucknow Street, also as a breeder of champion whippets, one of Britains leading authorities of the breed. Outside her home still stands the gum tree for which she fought and around which the footpath loops..barnsley, katherine fielding, memorial gum tree, lucknow street mitcham

B&W photo of Belgrave Reservoir, taken Easter 1922, presumably by Miss Field and passed on to Gwen Thomas then to Helen Gibson. Photo shows Belgrave Reservoir (now Belgrave Lake), possibly taken from near the weir and looking towards the heavily treed far shore. On back of photo, written in pen, is "Belgrave Res/Easter 1922'. 'Res' is slightly smudged and may have been 'Resv' or 'Resi'.

Green cloth covered cardboard covers, sewn sections field or survey notebook, with end papers, made by Arnall & Jackson of Brunswick - their No. 641. Use by the BTPS - W. Doubleday and Bill Kingsley - for survey notes during the construction of the BTPS depot access track 1972 and 1977 , including pole survey and other notes. Gives levels around the depot. Full scan of document added as a pdf file 5/6/2019.trams, tramways, btps, surveys, depot, access track

An e.21st century digital print on canvas, of an original l.19th-e.20th century sepia photographic print. Image features a group of men and women, with a child and dog, seated, or standing in a wooded field, in front of a large mansion. Most of the participants are holding tennis racquets. Signature of photographer 'BACMNER' features at lower left of print. Materials: Canvas/Cotton, Ink, Wood, Metal, Paper, Paint, Linentennis

Colour-tinted postcard, titled in red upper left: “RIVER YARRA AT STUDLEY PARK, KEW”. On the divided reverse, the card is addressed to “MISS JOLLEY / MELB. TRAM & O[MNIBUS]. CO / BOURKE STREET, MELB”. The sender has dated the card 21.12.08. In the upper right corner, there is a pink Victorian one penny postage stamp; sent from Melbourne on 22DE 08. (The division of the reverse of the postcard, allowing a message to be written on one half and the address on the other, was not permitted in Australia until 1905.) The manufacturer of the postcard is indicated by the initials “W.T.P”, printed in a green floral diamond, printed centre top. This was the trademark of WT Pater, printers & stationers. William Thompson Pater was born in Melbourne in 1861. His business at 271 Little Collins Street offered Christmas cards, booklets, calendars, and leather goods as well as postcards and albums.Hand-tinted postcard of the River Yarra in Studley Park, Kew. The birds-eye view is of a bridge on the Yarra (Johnston Street?) linking Kew and Abbotsford as it appeared in c.1908. On the Abbotsford side of the river, fields lead down to the river, with some remnant trees. The Kew side of the river, in contrast, due to its steep banks, retains its original vegetation. In the distance is industrial development, in what might be Fairfield and Alphington.“RIVER YARRA AT STUDLEY PARK, KEW”river yarra -- kew (vic.), william thompson pater, w.t.p., postcards -- kew, postcards -- studley park, bridges - yarra river -- kew (vic.)

Tan cloth covered hardcover book, Denny or From Haven to Haven, by Annie Gray, with gold and brown lettering for title and author's name. Green, brown and gold illustration of father holding oars, embracing daughter in a field in Scotland. Boat in background along with flowers and leaves as decoration. Spine has gold title, child, lines and leaves. Back cover has embossed design in middle. Gold on edges of all pages.,fictionA children's adventure story about a lost little boy and how he was saved. Religious influences throughout.fiction, adventure, religion, children's books

Magazine - 11 A4 pages - photocopied stapled (two number) in the top left hand corner, titled "Around the Tracks" - Issue 9, Christmas Special". Produced by Preston Workshops - notes about various people and identities, with an article written by Norm Cross, mentions many footballers from the workshops. Also building of trams at the workshops, Hong Kong. An article by John Prideaux "Fleeing the Killing Fields" - Kerogen - Cambodiatrams, tramways, preston workshops, football, lrv, personnel

Denis Gibbons (1937 – 2011) Trained with the Australian Army, before travelling to Vietnam in January 1966, Denis stayed with the 1st Australian Task Force in Nui Dat working as a photographer. For almost five years Gibbons toured with nine Australian infantry battalions, posting compelling war images from within many combat zones before being flown out in late November 1970 after sustaining injuries. The images held within the National Vietnam Veterans Museum make up the Gibbons Collection. A black and whitie photograph of a series of South Vietnamese Regional Force heavily sandbagged outposts on Vietnams National Route 23, built around both approaches to a second bridge built by 1st Field Sqn Engineers of the 1st Australian Task Force soldiers had the responsibility for protecting the bridge against NVA/VietCong attack. The Regional Force soldiers living in these outposts normally had their families, wives and children, living with them.photograph, south vietnamese regional force, national route 23, 1st field sqn engineers, 1st atf base, gibbons collection catalogue, regional force soldiers, australian soldiers, nva/vietcong, denis gibbons

Collection of colour photographs donated by FOBG (Friends of Burnley Gardens) member Wendy Hansen. (1) Field Station looking through wire fence. (2) Wendy Hansen seated on bench beside Luffmann Ponds. (3, 4) Orchard Border. (5) Luffmann Ponds and resident heron. (6) Sunken Garden. (7) Rose Garden. (8, 9) Kath Deery Native Garden. (10) Sunken Garden.fobg, wendy hansen, field station, luffmann ponds, orchard border, sunken garden, rose garden, kath deery native garden, friends of burnley gardens, lily ponds

An Australian Army's gas apparatus, also known as an Austox Field Service Unit, that has been sectioned for teaching purposes and sits on a square base. The two camera-facing "legs" of the apparatus have had their tops sectioned off; the two legs facing away from the camera have not been sectioned. The central grey metal pole has two attachment points and dials for oxygen (O2) and nitrous oxide (N2O).field medicine, field anaesthesia, anaesthesia, oxgen, nitrous oxide, military medicine, australian army

Handwritten notes give details of alluvial, and quartz yields from the Sandhurst and Eaglehawk gold fields. Ref. Sec. Mines Report 1897, Page 13. Also, a report from the Sec. Mines Report1905 Pages 116 & 117 mentioning the number of men employed at Kochs Pioneer, Confidence Ex'td, North Johnsons and Princess Dagmar Mines. Report by G Hawke, Acting Inspector of Mines E'Hawk No 10 Dist.document, gold, mining reports, yields from alluvial & quartz reefs 1897, sandhurst gold field, g hawke, kochs pioneer, confidence ex'td, north johnsons, princess dagmar

Items in the collection re: "William Anthony (Bill) THEODORE DSM". Refer Cat No. 7926P for his service record.Flag - white Naval ensign. White, red and dark blue colour woven cotton fabric. Ensign has red colour fabric, St. George's Cross on a white field with the Union Flag (red, white, dark blue) in the upper left canton. The design has been appliqued - sewing one piece of fabric to another. Header on hoist side with halyard hessian rope threaded through and attached at top and bottom.Handwritten in black ink pen on back of header - "WT"/ "W.T."flags, naval ensign, ww2, william anthony theodore dsm

This is a set of 23 photographs of surveyors and support staff in the field undertaking tasks in New Guinea 1956 – 1957. The surveyors were employed in the establishment of mapping and geodetic control for Project Cutlass, the “Ship-Shore” survey of the New Ireland province. In this survey operation surveyors used theodolites to observe horizontal and vertical angles and chains to measure base line distances between survey stations. Bob Skitch shown in photo .7P was in the 2nd year of his career in the Australian Army. He achieved the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, and his last appointment was the CO of the Army Survey Regiment from 1976 to 1980.This is a set of 23 photographs of surveyors and support staff in the field undertaking duties during Project Cutlass located in New Ireland, New Guinea 1956 – 1957. The photographs were printed on photographic paper and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 300 dpi. .1) - Photo, colour, 1956. Surveyors travelling main road from Kavieng to Namatanai, New Ireland. .2) - Photo, colour, 1956. Unidentified surveyors assessing recovery of their vehicle after bridge collapsed on west side of New Ireland. .3) - Photo, colour, 1956. Unidentified surveyors assessing recovery of their vehicle after bridge collapsed over flooded creek on west side of New Ireland. .4) - Photo, colour, 1956. Survey personnel L to R: Bev Uwins, John Lambie, Bob Thompson, New Ireland. .5) - Photo, colour, 1956. Survey base camp, New Ireland. .6) - Photo, black & white, 1956-1957. Geoff Helsham with possible human remains, New Ireland. .7) - Photo, black & white, 1956-1957. Bob Skitch undertaking survey observations using Wild T2 theodolite, New Ireland. .8) - Photo, black & white, 1956-1957. Chas Beach undertaking survey observations using Wild T2 theodolite, New Ireland. .9) & .10) - Photo, black & white, 1956-1957. Kev Parker (cook) New Ireland. .11) - Photo, colour, 1957. Brian Berkery taking a break, Top Manor Island, Lihir Island Group off New Ireland. Latitude -2° 46”, Longitude 152° 40”. .12) - Photo, colour, 1957. Survey base camp L to R: Chas Beach, Bev Uwins, Feni Islands, New Ireland. Latitude -4° 05”, Longitude 153° 45”. .13) - Photo, colour, 1957. A Hous Kiap. (Kiaps, known formally as district officers and patrol officers, were travelling representatives of the British and Australian governments), New Ireland. .14) & .15) - Photo, colour, 1957. L to R: Joe Farrington, Tom Royle Bob undertaking survey observations using theodolites from an improvised timber tower, New Ireland. .16) & .17) - Photo, colour, 1957. US Army ship FS216 used for ship-to-shore triangulation docked at Rabaul, New Britain. .18) - Photo, colour, 1957. US Army ship FS216 used for ship-to-shore triangulation docked at Kavieng, New Ireland. Sight target on top of mast. .19) - Photo, colour, 1957. Survey personnel onboard US Army ship FS392, L to R: Peter Frodsham, Bob Thompson, Doc Reid, John Underwood, remainder unidentified, New Ireland. .20) - Photo, colour, 1957. Survey base line party heading ashore, New Ireland. .21) - Photo, colour, 1957. Survey personnel rowing US Army assault boat L to R: Kev Parker, Chas Beach, folded up survey beacons overhanging stern, New Ireland. .22) - Photo, colour, 1957. Les Bailey onboard US Army ship departing Rabaul, New Britain for Brisbane. .23) - Photo, colour, 1957. Ron Newman onboard US Army ship departing Rabaul, New Britain for Brisbane. Active volcano in background..1P to .23P annotated on back – ‘Operation Cutlass’, personnel names, the year and the location. royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, fortuna, a, army svy regt, asr, surveying

Reproduced on p31 of 'Pioneers & Painters' Was destroyed in 1962 bushfire. Now Peter Franks Reserve, St Andrews On Friday 29th (August 1919) …, the Hon. S. Barnes, M. L. A., Minister of Mines, accompanied by Mr W. Everard, M.L.A., Mr. V. Dickson, secretary for Mines, and Mr. Merrin, Chief Mining Inspector, visited Smith's Gully for the purpose of opening, the new Government battery which has recently been erected. The party arrived punctually at 12.30, and was received by an assemblage of about 200 residents, including, those representing local prospecting and mining interests. At the mill house the Minister wished prosperity to mining on the old Queenstown field, and, in a few appropriate remarks, gave the battery the name of St. Andrew's. Then, as the stamps began to fall, three hearty cheers were given by the gathering. ….. The Queenstown field, dating back to the early sixties, might be regarded as a link that took them back to the Augustine age of gold mining in Victoria…From 1868 to 1918 the total yield of gold from the field was 274,606 fine oz. It might be that here, as elsewhere, deeper prospecting would give new life to the Queenstown goldfield. The miners of Queenstown, who through long year's had never lost faith in the possibilities of the field, felt that the purpose for which they were that day marked the beginning of a new era in the history of local reefing. …. The new mill is situated on the bank of the creek opposite the Queenstown Cemetery, and consists of a five head battery (Berdan pan) and 12 h.p. portable steam engine housed in a spacious structure of wood and iron. A concrete weir across the creek provides a good water supply, and all the necessary pumps, settling dams, etc., have been installed. Later on, should circumstances warrant it, it is pro-posed to erect Wilfley tables for concentrates. Eltham and Whittlesea Shires Advertiser and Diamond Creek Valley Advocate, Friday 5 September 1919, page 3This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image 4 x 5 inch B&W Neg Print 20 x 25 (2)shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, queenstown, st andrews, st. andrews battery, gold mining, s. barnes, merrin, st andrews battery, v. dickson, william h. everard, peter franks reserve

1 Fd Svy Sqn in conjunction with 2 Fd Svy Sqn conducted Operation Aright 87 in the Cape York Peninsula area over the period 8 May - 18 Jun 1987. The aim of the Survey Operation was to field verify the 70 x 1:50,000 map sheets which comprised the area of operations. This report details the activities conducted and the results achieved. Manilla Folder with title "OP ARIGHT 1987" containing a paper report of typed pages and diagrams bound together with an ARNOS fastener."OP ARIGHT 87" on front coverroyal australian survey corps, rasvy, fortuna, army survey regiment, army svy regt, asr

Invition to Richard Edward Fielding and a friend to attend the wedding reception for Dorothy Fawcett and Leslie Wislon at Plenty Hall, Greensborough on April 27, 1940 Mr - Mrs Fawcett request the pleasure of the Company of Eddie - Friend at a Reception in honour of the Marriage of Dorothy with Leslie Wilson at Plenty Hall on April 27th at 8 P.M Main Road, Greensborough. R.S.V.P. April 13thdorothy may fawcett, greensborough, leslie anzac wilson, main street, plenty hall, reception, richard edward fielding, tom fielding collection, wedding invitation

Excursion to Fields family house under construction next to school early in year, Eltham Christian School, 1982. From a series of photographs (some cropped) from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.3 colour photographseltham christian school, nyora road, buildings, construction, field house

"Boy they sure work us hard at that school" Christopher Field asleep on a couch, Eltham Christian School, 1982 From a series of photographs (some cropped) from a magnetic photo album relating to the staff, students and activities of the Eltham Christian School which operated as part of the Eltham Christian Church at Nyora Road, Eltham. See also entries for each photograph.colour photographeltham christian school, nyora road, christopher field, sleeping