The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd."E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle

Port Fairy Reunion of former residents in 1921 Black and white photograph of a large group of people posed with road archway in background ‘Welcome Home 1921’events, civil, ceremony, reunion, bank street

A Victorian Railways Suburban train monthly ticket use by Mr Marriott in July 1921 to travel between Moorabbin and Mentone.The Marriott family were early settler, market gardeners in Moorabbin Shire.A Victorian Railway Monthly ticket 1st class Moorabbin and Mentone July 1921Front Not Transferable / VICTORIAN RAILWAYS/ MONTHLY TICKET / MOORABBIN / AND / MENTONE / (HALF ) / FIRST CLASS / ( Not available for Smoking Compt.) /JULY '21 / (For conditions see / other side / Back MOORABBIN / AND / MENTONE / Issued to and accepted by / Sr. Marriott / JULY '21 / 000 / subject to the provisions of the Rail / way Act ................Commissioners / ....... / Albert J.Mullett Govt. Printerrailways, moorabbin, highett, mordialloc, mentone, cheltenham, bentleigh, marriott geoff, market gardeners, early settlers, pioneers, train tickets, melbourne

Copy of a black and white photograph. It has been laminated. See also Folder 32.9 for another copy of the photograph and original names on the back as seen above.Original photograph has writing on back. Partial copy is included on the back of the photograph. See image : 1921 boys back.williamstown high school, 1921, class photos

The Orbost Football Club began in 1894. This photograph shows the premiership team of 1921.They defeated Buchan. The Orbost football club players were known as the Busters and wore green and gold guernseys. An Orbost football team has participated in the East Gippsland League since the early 20th century. In 2003 in response to a dwindling population, the Snowy Rovers and Orbost Football Clubs were driven to merge into the Orbost Snowy RoversFootball clubs, through their many changes, have always been an important social fabric of the community. Sport is often regarded as an important part of life in rural Australia, contributing to community identity, sense of place, social interaction and good health.A black / white photograph of three rows of men in sports clothes The back row is standing, the middle sitting on chairs and the front row sitting on the ground.. All men have their arms folded and the photograph has been taken outside. The photograph has been pasted onto a grey buff card.on front - "Orbost Football Club Premiers - 1921" on back - 'Mary Gilbert"orbost-football-club recreation sport

Silver coin depicting the Australian coat of arms on one side, and profile of George V Crowned bust left.front: GEORGIVS V D.G.BRITT: OMN: REX F.D.IND: IMP: back: ONE FLORIN - TWO SHILLINGS / 1921george v, coin, currency, money, commonwealth of australia, silver, florin, shillings, 1921, one florin two shillings

This photo has been marked as 1917 and 1921. Confirmation of actual year is required.Black and white photograph on mounting card. Copy of original, which is framed and on wall, Admin Block, WHS. Also includes 2 captions on mounting board.williamstown high school, 1921, class photograph

Football is a big part of Wycheproof's Sporting History and successes.The Demon's Football Club remains the town's heartbeat and Premiership medals are monumental trophies celebrated by both young and old generations. Five Premiership medallions won by an individual is a mighty achievement.In the wooden rectangular frame with an attached inscription are 5 Wycheproof Club Premiers medals 1909-1919-1920-1921-1926 won by Herb McCoy. Underneath a photo of Herb McCoy, the 5 medals are mounted on a blue background, surrounded by coloured card.Herb McCoy Wycheproof Club Premiers 1909-1919-1920-1921-1926football-premiership, wycheproof-sport, premiership-medal

Copy of black and white photograph of the WHS senior girls group of 1921. Comes with copy of back of photograph giving some names. We also have the original negative and photograph (15 cm x 10 cm)See images attached for names.williamstown high school, 1921, class photos, senior girls

This large framed photograph once hung in the Kew Town Hall in Walpole Street. It marked the occasion when Kew became a city. It is an important record of a significant civic event by a nationally significant photographer. A very large, framed portrait of the elected councillors of the City of Kew in 1921. The photograph was taken by the nationally important photographer, Josiah Barnes who had until recently been a resident of Kew. He was to die in the same year that the photograph was taken. The photograph was taken in the Alexandra Gardens in front of the Jubilee Rotunda. [Inscription] "Kew Proclaimed a City, 10th March 1921, Kew City Council". [Photographer] "J.E. Barnes Photo / Kew". Plaque: “Presented by Cr Wm Wishart / Mayor 1906-7”.kew city council

Carl Axel Nobelius (1851-1921) was born in Finland of Swedish parents. He migrated to Australia in 1870 and became a paramount plant nursery proprietor, operating extensive nurseries in Emerald,. Victoria and in Tasmania. His property in Emerald now constitutes Emerald Park. The bust was on display in Emerald Museum but is now lost.The bust provides a clear likeness of one of Emerald's most significant personages. As the bust is now lost, this photograph preserves that likeness.Colour photograph of bust of C A Nobelius (1851-1921) made by Jenny Sulwick Museum display card: "Jenny Sulwick Cast Concrete ?1960 Carl Axel Nobelius"nobelius, emerald museum

Rounded square silver pendant necklace with Byzantine chain depicting kneeling loversmatcham skipper, pendant, necklace, silver, jewellery

Round silver pendant necklace with cable chain depicting a stallion and riderTwo pin holes at 12 and 6matcham skipper, pendant, necklace, silver, jewellery

Silver pendant with stem and ring depicting a woman. The pendant is held by a wheat chain with S and oval clasp.Sticker with 39. Two pin holes at 12 and 6.matcham skipper, pendant, necklace, silver, jewellery

Silver rounded belt buckle depicting a composition after Bruegel of two men at arms.Nonematcham skipper, belt buckle, silver, jewellery, bruegel

This medallion is a proof of that found on the Nillumbik Shire Mayoral Chain. Silver round medallion, depicting a shield with coat of arms containing clockwise from left: a bull, a vase of flowers, a ram and a bunch of grapes. Two pin holes at 12 and 6.matcham skipper, medallion, silver, jewellery, coat of arms

Silver rectangular belt buckle depicting a woman running with two hounds contained within a circle.Rectangular sticker with number 71matcham skipper, belt buckle, silver, jewellery, dianna and the hounds

Silver goat with elongated neck mounted upon a milky brown agate base. Nonematcham skipper, sculpture, silver, agate, goat

Bronze head of a boy mounted upon a square marble base. Nonematcham skipper, sculpture, bronze, head, boy, marble

Oval rubber mould for decorative pendantNonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, pendant

Circular rubber mould depicting Pegasus.Labelled M5matcham skipper, mould, jewellery, pegasus

Round plaster mould depicting Pegasus.Nonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, pegasus

Rectangular plaster mould of circular relief depicting Dianna and the Hounds.Inscribed in pencil on face 'Screwdriver' and 'SEB'. matcham skipper, mould, jewellery, dianna and the hounds

Round rubber mould depicting a female nude with Pegasus.Nonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, nude, pegasus.

Round rubber mould depicting a prancing stallion.Inscribed in white paint on reverse 'MS', 'MS ST.', '120 M' and 'M'matcham skipper, mould, jewellery, horse

Rubber mould of oval relief depicting a rearing centaur with bow and arrow. Imbedded weave pattern on reversematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, centaur

Oval mould of an oval design depicting a male nude carrying a large orb; possibly Atlas carrying the world. Nonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, nude

Round rubber mould of a decorative design Nonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, decorative pattern

Oval latex mould depicting an angel with stylised decorative wings. Nonematcham skipper, mould, jewellery, angel, decorative design