According to 'Salute to the X-Ray Pioneers of Australia' the X-Rays experiments conducted at the Ballarat School of Mines 'played a conspicuous part in the development of the application for x-rays to medicine.' John M. Sutherland conducted most of the experiments with induction coils giving 6 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch sparks respectively. Photograph of a timber frame with 27 original X-Rays conducted by John Sutherland at the Ballarat School of Mines. X-Rays include human bones, kangaroo hand, steel, bent knee, gold in quartz, snake, and others.x-ray, john m. sutherland, ballarat school of mines, john mckenzie sutherland, xray, pioneer xrays

This folding viewer for individual stereoscopic pictures has a cut-out between the lenses to accommodate the nose of the user. The original folding viewer was patented by J. F. Mascher of Philadelphia in March 1853 and was designed to hold stereoscopic portraits using the daguerreotype process. This was at the very end of the daguerreotype era, and originals are quite rare.Metal stereo viewer and many cards including stereoscopic photographs of crystal modals (Bragg's Crystal, Fluorspar, caesieum chloride, zinc-blende, iron pyrites, quartz, Tellurirumetc), and Dr Mullers Universal X-Ray Spectrograph. stereoscope, adam hilger, sir william bragg, w.i. bragg, dr muller, x-ray, crystal, spinel, bismuth, diamond structure, tartaric acid, naphthalene

8307.1 - 'Rounded rectangle' shaped piece of highly weathered bluestone/basalt. Yellowish-green; criss-crossed by prominent white veins of secondary quartz mineralisation. 'Bandage' bearing the words "miss Western" stuck on one side.- miss Western

Black and white photograph. Three males underground in Deborah Mine with drill and pick. Lamp on wall. Quartz shows well. Deborah Mine 1000 ft. level. Inscription on back: A. Richardson, 29 Harrison St., Bendigo.mining, underground equipment, miners, bendigo, mines and mining, mine, mines, miners, person, males, workers, group, central deborah mine

Sepia photo on cream board. Shows the Great Extended Hustlers Co's. Quartz Mining Claim. In photo, there is an Office, Battery House, Mine Shaft. Three large 'A' frames running a line down to the battery house from the poppet head. Inscription: Above image: 'Views of Bendigo|No.43.'. Below, 'The Great Extended Hustlers Co's. Quartz Mining Claim.', 'N.J.Caire Photo, Sandhurst'. Bottom, 'Casey & Wenborn's Print Forbes & Holmes, Agents',' Office Battery House Main Shaft',' The famous Quartz Claim covers on area of 24 acres, and has six shafts which represent 4000 feet of sinking; there are no less than 13 level and 16 crosscuts, giving a total of 12,000 feet in length. The total amount expended in labour by this Company £228,000. The Quartz raised amounts to 144,500 tons, and it has yielded 188,000 oz's of gold. The amount paid in dividends is £585,600 being nearly £20 per share, employment is given to nearly 200 men. It is stated that this rich mine changed hands in early days for the small sum of £30.'. On Back, RHSV stamp, Bendigo Branch '1959|186'. Nicholas CaireN.J.Caireplace, mining site, great expended hustler quartz mine, see: 'views of bendigo' by n.j.caire

This photograph is of the viewing room inside the building, this side with windows overlooking the machinery and a video screen with a switchboard to run the video. One of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. Its purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of the interior of a building showing two large windows and a video screen on a corrugated iron wall.gold battery, gold processing

It is made up of andalusite. Andalusite is a rock-forming mineral, sometimes found in granite or schist. It is often used to make glass, ceramic products, chemicals, and heat-resistant bricks as it can withstand high temperatures without changing. The chiastolite contains particles of graphite, which arranges in geometric patterns. When crystal growth occurs in the rock, the granite particles concentrate at crystal interfaces and can result in cross shapes. These ‘cross stones’ have been valued and used for their spiritual or religious meaning and used as charms, gems, or amulets. Chiastolite was first discovered in 1754, seen in a description in a published book by a palaeontologist, Franciscan priest, and Spanish author, Jose Torrubia. Deposits have been found in Australia, France, the USA, Chile, Canada, Spain, Brazil, Sri Lanka, and Russia. Deposits have been found in Western Australia and South Australia. This particular specimen was found in Bimbowrie, South Australia. Other chiastolite specimens have been found in Bimbowrie, along with jasper, quartz, and aventurine in the form of rolled pebbles or schist. This chiastolite specimen is socially and historically significant. It is a very rare sort of andalusite mineral. It is from one of only two locations where it is regularly found in Australia. The carbon cross has made it an important religious symbol in the past. Its ability to withstand high temperatures has made it a common ingredient in heat-resistant bricks and ceramics today. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.A metamorphic mineral consisting of andalusite, with a cross shaped graphite pattern in colours of grey, brown and yellowburke museum, beechworth, geological, geological specimen, andalusite, chiastolite, geometric, cross stone, spiritual, religious, australia, south australia, bimbowrie, quartz, jasper, aventurine, schist

The initial partnership in a quartz crushing plant between Henry Koch, Simon Albert and Charles Wallin was dissolved in 1860 with Koch becoming the sole owner. In 1866 the crushing plant consisted of a 50 hp engine and 48 stamping heads capable of crushing 600 tons of quartz per week. By 1902 there were 72 stamps and this was by far the largest crushing plant in the area, serving many quartz mines. Henry Koch (1800-1889) was a German sailor who signed off when his ship reached Melbourne in 1851. Having heard of the gold discovery he proceeded to Bendigo where he was initially employed in puddling in the Myers Flat area. He was soon employed and then made partner in a quartz crushing plant that he became sole owner of in 1860. He was also landlord at the British and American Hotel and the Silver Mines Hotel. HE also started the Perseverance United gold claim. He married Anna Maria Theresia Heinz in 1857. In 1872 he sold the crushing plant for 75,000 pounds and took his family back to Germany. He resumed his trade as a ship builder although he maintained many Bendigo mining interests.Photocopy of an article from the Bendigo Advertiser, dated 5/5/1982 titled Fortunes carried in mine. Written above the photo is: Men from Kock's Mine Long Gully. One man is wearing a suit and the rest are in work clothes. The mine was worked, with some breaks, between 1857 and 1871 when the Pioneer Company took over, and was later known as Koch's Pioneer and Perseverance and worked continuously until 1924, a period of 53 years of uninterrupted mining.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - kock's mine workers, bendigo advertiser 5/5/1982, kochs pioneer mine, henry koch, havilah company's claim, garden gully line of reef, paddy's gully line, koch's pioneer and perseverance

The initial partnership in a quartz crushing plant between Henry Koch, Simon Albert and Charles Wallin was dissolved in 1860 with Koch becoming the sole owner. In 1866 the crushing plant consisted of a 50 hp engine and 48 stamping heads capable of crushing 600 tons of quartz per week. By 1902 there were 72 stamps and this was by far the largest crushing plant in the area, serving many quartz mines. Henry Koch (1800-1889) was a German sailor who signed off when his ship reached Melbourne in 1851. Having heard of the gold discovery he proceeded to Bendigo where he was initially employed in puddling in the Myers Flat area. He was soon employed and then made partner in a quartz crushing plant that he became sole owner of in 1860. He was also landlord at the British and American Hotel and the Silver Mines Hotel. HE also started the Perseverance United gold claim. He married Anna Maria Theresia Heinz in 1857. In 1872 he sold the crushing plant for 75,000 pounds and took his family back to Germany. He resumed his trade as a ship builder although he maintained many Bendigo mining interests.Envelope containing a negative of Koch's Pioneer Crushing Battery. Image shows large building, chimney on left. Negative not scanned.bendigo, mining, koch's pioneer crushing battery

The initial partnership in a quartz crushing plant between Henry Koch, Simon Albert and Charles Wallin was dissolved in 1860 with Koch becoming the sole owner. In 1866 the crushing plant consisted of a 50 hp engine and 48 stamping heads capable of crushing 600 tons of quartz per week. By 1902 there were 72 stamps and this was by far the largest crushing plant in the area, serving many quartz mines. Henry Koch (1800-1889) was a German sailor who signed off when his ship reached Melbourne in 1851. Having heard of the gold discovery he proceeded to Bendigo where he was initially employed in puddling in the Myers Flat area. He was soon employed and then made partner in a quartz crushing plant that he became sole owner of in 1860. He was also landlord at the British and American Hotel and the Silver Mines Hotel. HE also started the Perseverance United gold claim. He married Anna Maria Theresia Heinz in 1857. In 1872 he sold the crushing plant for 75,000 pounds and took his family back to Germany. He resumed his trade as a ship builder although he maintained many Bendigo mining interests.Bendigo Advertiser ''The way we were'' from 2002. Sand shovelers: a gang at work at the Kocks Pioneer cyanide works in Bendigo in December, 1939. The man on the far left is the late Les Warren. Three gangs worked at the site. Each comprised five men, a 'tip-boy' and a horse and dray. Each gang emptied and refilled an 80-tonne iron vat each day. One full dray-load was the equivalent of 112 shovelfuls. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Copy of an article from the Bendigo Weekly titled Discover Bendigo The Mine Flooding Crisis - Finale of the Victoria Quartz by James Lerk. The lack of suitable machinery, insufficient knowledge of where the water was coming from, need for Government support, and the pegged price of gold, all contributed to the cessation of deep mining. The Victoria Quartz decided to allow tributers for work the upper levels. By 1913, the Company found it uneconomic to allow the tributers to continue working the upper levels and the poppet head and machinery were sold. During the Great Depression Ernest Smith, Davic Holden, Jack Harrison and David Patullo worked above the water line and did well enough to help their families from the worst effects of the Great Depression. Later Dave Patullo continued to work at the Victoria Quartz while the other three obtained employment in other mines. The article has a photo of David Patullo.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - the mine flooding crisis - finale of the victoria quartz, bendigo weekly, james lerk, victoria quartz mine, brough smyth, bendigo advertiser, victoria quartz company, great depression, ernest smith, david holden, jack harrison, david patullo, government battery eaglehawk

Newspaper articles re depression era, including articles on household hawking, includes information re selling Harcourt apples, Goanna oil, Rawleighs; drought and depression; quartz crushing; schooling in the depression; 8.10.99 - 25.11.99. Bendigo Weekly.person, individual, jack perry, depression, hawking, goanna oil, rawleighs

Magdala cum Moonlight Mine. Group of mine workers c1890 against the background of the mine. The wooden ramp built on trestles was used by horse drawn drays to deliver the Quartz for treatment in the cyanide vats.Dark photo of mine workers lined up in front of ore ramp. Horses and drays would go up the ramp to dump the crushed sand into the cyanide vats. Building is on right."Elite" Studio Co. Melbournestawell gold mining

Scotts Open Cut Big Hill c 1960 overlooking Stawell towards Grampians. The first quartz was mined for in the open cut from Fisher Street, to the Big Hill, below the Pioneers Memorial.Black and white photograph of an open cut on the side of a big hill. The township in the background.stawell mining

Diamond House Stawell Built by John HearneThis is a Photograph of the Diamond House, corner of Seaby and Princes Streets. It's almost as old as Stawell. Built by Mr John Hearne. Brown and White stones that were gathered from Church Hill were cut and carefully fitted to from Diamonds.Black and White Photograph of a very unusual home built in a pattern of Diamonds, in shades of stones. 7 different photos, Various years (1 Coloured)The Diamond House-Built of quartz and sandstone. the Diamond House, so called from its peculiar construction, is situate in Seaby Street, Stawell. and was built over 30 years ago by Mr. Hearne. The quartz and sandstones used in its construction were carted by him from Church Hill, which is just across the street. Screws were used instead of nails. It was when built intended for a wine shop and is now used as a private residence. stawell

This photograph is a general view of the machinery of the Gold Battery. The Bergin Pan is on the left, Stamper Box and in foreground concrete bed for Wilfrey table which has been removed. This is one of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. The battery's purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of a number of large pieces of machinery inside a buildinggold battery, gold processing

This photograph is of the side of the main building of the Gold Battery with workshop at rear (now demolished). Beside building is a hand windlass, along with some old pulleys and various parts. This is one of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. The battery's purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of the side of a corrugated iron building with a smaller building at the left, and a number of pieces of machinery next to the buildinggold battery, gold processing

Three pages numbered 18/19, 20/21 and 22/23 titled Victoria Hill. First page has some information on Victoria Hill, a sketch of W Rae's Home and Rae's Open cut. The second page has a map of the Victoria Hill Area showing streets and the New Chum Anticline, a sketch of Ballerstedt's Open Cut and a Key to Victoria Hill Area Map. The third page mentions the Victoria Quartz mine, Tributors and quartz roasting. It also has sketch of a 20 Head Crushing Battery, Victoria Hill.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - victoria hill, gold mines hotel, christopher ballerstedt, theodore ballerstedt, ballerstedt's open cut, lansell's 180 mine, little 180 mine, new chum syncline battery, victoria reef quartz mining co, victoria quartz, new chum drainage scheme, a roberts and sons, tributors, william rae's bon accord mine and open cut, william rae, adventure and advance open cuts, central nell gwynne, heinz butcher shop

Blue handwritten one page document detailing 'Youngman & Harrisons Patent Basin for pulverizing quartz tailings and amalgamating fine gold with mercury'. Introductory comments the basin contains greater advantages for pulverizing quartz tailings & amalgamating than any yet constructed for that purpose; In its construction all machinery complications have been carefully avoided and yet it embodies all the best methods known for treating tailings and has besides other than advantages (both in cash and labour) that of treating puddling machine sludge and can be used as a concentrator with little or no extra expense.bendigo, mining, youngman & harrisons patent basin

Four page document Geological Report Bendigo Goldfield, C.E. Willman and H.E. Wilkinson. Contents include: folds, cleavage, lineations, lineated quartz in laminated veins, faults, major and minor faults, joints, structural domains and relationship to mineralization.bendigo, mining, geological bulletin

Plan showing portion of the Bendigo goldfield. Area of main goldfield: 140 square miles. Deepest mine working: 4593' (Victoria quartz). Gold output of field to 1935: 20,775,000 ounces. Dividends paid 1870-1935: 10,740,000 pounds.map, goldfield, bendigo

Handwritten extract from the Bendigo Advertiser 11/1/1911. ''The Victoria Quartz is taking the imitative. The Victoria Consols is willing to contribute 300 pound annually if the scheme is carried out on lines suggested.'' Albert Richardson Mining History Collection.gold, drainage problems, drainage problems, victoria quartz drainage problems, bendigo advertiser 11/1/1911, victoria consols, albert richardson

Handwritten notes and references. Mentioned are 'Bendigo Mac' Lachlan McLachlan, Criterion Hotel, Quartz Outcrops, Small Shafts, Mining Accidents, Mines Regulations Act 1/1/1874, Engine Drivers, Dust, and big engines in deep mines.document, gold, mining reports, various notes, 'bendigo mac' lachlan mclachlan, criterion hotel, licence fee, cave & amos, hustler, lazarus, theodore ballerstedt, geo lansell, wittscheibe, gt. comet, mining accidents, mines regulations acts 1/1/1874, regulations bill, ladders, engine drivers, advertiser 1873, angus mackay, dust, dr summon's report 1906, regulations 1908, new chum railway, victoria quartz, ext'd hustlers, central deborah

Handwritten notes with the first page relating to typing of the notes. Next three pages relate to leading and prominence of mines - the United Devonshire, formed 1873; the Victoria (Reef) Quartz formed 1878, start 1870 as Victoria Reef; and the Hercules & Energetic.document, gold, mining reports, leading and prominent mines, miss parry, carlisle united, fortuna hustlers, gt extended hustlers, mines dep't, central blue, lady barkly, new argus, new moon, new blue consolidated, south new moon, mr e jackman, united devonshire, victoria (reef) quartz, victoria reef, annals, mr wood, hercules & energetic, hercules, b a g

This photograph shows the workers' amenities at the Gold Battery. The building has a bedroom and kitchen. In front is a Baler Bucket and a cage. This particular cage was for raising and lowering the skips which brought the material to the surface. This is one of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. The battery's purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of a corrugated iron cottage, with several pieces of machinery around it.gold battery, gold processing

This photograph is of the back end of the side of the main building of the Gold Battery with workshop at rear (now demolished). Beside building is a hand windlass, along with some old pulleys and various parts. This is one of a series of photographs of the Rutherglen Gold Battery. The battery's purpose was to crush quartz from nearby quartz reefs and extract gold from within. The battery was erected in 1908 and consists of a five-head battery, Wilfrey table, Bergin pan, portable steam engine and shed. The battery was restored in 2011/12 and can be viewed daily between 9.00am and 5.00pm. See website for details.Colour photograph of the side of a corrugated iron building with a smaller building at the left, and a number of pieces of machinery next to the buildinggold battery, gold processing

Paper booklet of 35 pages, held together with metal staples, detailing the Mining by-laws under the Mines Act 1915, no.2698. The index is located at the front of the booklet. Includes Abandonment, Alluvial Claims, Machinery, Quartz Claim, Race and Water Rightoccasional pencil markings throughoutmining, by-laws, victoria

Diggers & mining. The gold era. - - - and finally quartz mining was begun, chiefly by companies. Machinery was used to develop these deep mines. Slide shows a deep mine layed out on a hillside. Markings 32 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Photograph. Black and white photo- ''Monument Hill Mine No. 688'' Level north and 40' N of shaft section.Detail picture of upper limit of Upper Roof showing development of quartz spurs and stringers and formation of ss inclusions 1'' approx 1'.photograph, landscape, monument hill mine