non-fiction"The Chapples from Exeter to the Goldfields" by Edward William Chapple explores the journey of the Chapple family from Exeter, England, to the Australian goldfields. The book, published in 1994, provides genealogical insights, historical context, and details about the family's migration and experiences in Victoria. [AI text]chapple family, victoria -- genealogy

The two ladies in the photograph are Sia Andrews and Helen Koutsoukis at a social function at the Ithacan club rooms. Sia, a second generation Ithacan, was the first woman president of the Ithacan Philanthropic Society. Helen's parents were from the island of Kastellorizo. Sia's son Ross and Helen's daughter Chrisanthi (Cynthia) married. In the early days of Greek migration the Ithacans and the Kastellorizians were two of the largest Greeks communities in Melbourne. The children of this first wave of immigrants, such as Sia and Helen, developed close friendship through Greek school and various cultural celebrations and social connections. A coloured photograph of two ladies at a social function. They are both wearing name tags.

A family photograph is at the wedding of Vasilis and Louisa Papageorge which took place in New Zealand. To the right of the bride is Nick Razos and Peter Razos. The couple seated are Stathi and Chrisostomi Kandiliotis. Flower girl is Loula Polites, daughter of Ari and Nitsa Polites. A comparatively small number of Ithacans chose to settle in New Zealand following a similar migration patter to Melbourne. Most NZ Ithacan families had relatives living in Melbourne.A black and white studio photograph of a family wedding group of seven men, six ladies, and two flower girls. The group were photographed in front of a large curtained backdrop.SPENCER DIGBY Wellington NZ

The young lady is Efstathia (Toula) Mavokefalos (nee Raftopoulos) aged 16 who grew up in Romania. Efstathia left Ithaca at the age of three when her parents migrated to Romania. She returned to Ithaca where in 1913 met Costantine J. Mavrokefalos (Black) who had returned from Australia to fight in the Balkan Wars. Within three weks of their first meeting, they married and spent their honeymoon on the ship to Australia. Their children were Regina (Nina), John, Ellie, Marguerita (Rita) and Olga. During the19th century a number of Ithacans migrated to Romania. Generally they worked as barge traders on the Danube River or as farmers. Instability in the Balkans lead to many returning as well as new opportunities and trends in migration for Ithacans, such as Australia.A photograph of a sepia studio portrait photograph of a head and shoulders view of a young lady. The original photograph was backed onto brown board. Details relevant to the photographer are written in Romanian across the bottom of the backing.

Demonsthenes (Bavias) and the young Dimitris Florias were examples of the numerous families from Ithaca Greece that migrated to South Africa in the latter years of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Many settled in Johannesburg. Like their compatriots who migrated to Australia many became successful business people in their adopted country. UnknownA sepia photograph on a cream board of an elderly well-dressed man wearing a suit and seated on a wooden seat with a young boy wearing a knickerbocker suit standing next to him. They are both wearing floral buttonholes in their lapels. The elderly man has a groomed moustache and goatee beard and is holding a pen in his right hand.Embossed on the cream board: J.A.SIMPSON/THE ARCADE. J'BURG. The Ithacan Historical Society stamp is on the back of the board. The names of the two people are on a typed label which has been pasted under the photograph. Written on the back: ER 7.ithacan diaspora

The 1953 catastrophic earthquakes on Ithaca and nearby Cephalonia caused extensive damage destroying many houses and buildings. The tremors reached 7.2 on the Richter Scale and the devastation was exacerbated by the quake occurring at midday when many people were cooking so fires spread rapidly across the island. The Holy Church of Taxiarchion, located in northern Ithaca on the hill overlooking the village of Platrithia and Afales Bay, was extensively damaged. A committee was formed to rebuild the church and its reconstruction following the earthquake is testament to the determination and resilience of the island's people to overcome hardship and disasters. A black and white photograph of scaffolding supporting a building destroyed in earthquake. A trench along the side of the structure is being prepared for further reinforcement with steel rods before the concrete is poured.The photo a has stamp on the back from the local committee overseeing the rebuilding of the church. It is written in Greek and states the following: REBUILDING COMMITTEE/ HOLY CHURCH OF TAXIARCHES/PLATRITHIA ITHACA.

The photograph is of members of the Governing Council of Greek Women in Melbourne in 1917. A number of the women were from Ithaca. The organisation was created to offer social interaction for Greek women who had settled in Australia in the early years of the twentieth century and was part of the Greek Orthodox Community of Melbourne and Victoria. Back row L-R: Mrs. A Raftopoulou, Miss Sigala, Mrs. E. Peppa. Middle row L-R: Miss E. Nomikou, Mrs. K. Kyriazopoulou, (President), Mrs. K Mavrokefalou (Vice-president), Mrs. N. Mari. Front: Mrs. B. Zografou. A black and white portrait style photograph of eight young women. The translated caption is printed below the photograph in Greek: THE GOVERNING COUNCIL OF GREEK WOMEN, MELBOURNE 1917 gocv, committee, auxilliary

Hariklia Raftopoulos (nee Moraitis) pictured with her sons, Stathi to the left, and Nakis (Nick) to the right. Her husband Spiros Raftopoulos was in Australia at the time the photo was taken. He returned to Ithaca and by 1934 the family eventually all migrated to Australia and settled in Melbourne.A scanned black and white photograph of a mother with her two sons. The mother is sitting on a chair and the boys are standing on either side of her.immigration

Following World War 2, Greece descended into civil war which lasted from 1946 - 1949. Young men from Ithaca fought in this war, including Nikos Vlassopoulos (Kopela) pictured centre back row. Following the war Niko together with his mother, Eugenia, migrated to Australia in 1950 where he joined his father Demetri who had been in Australia since 1922 and brothers, Stathi, Pano and Costa who had left Ithaca for Australia in the 1930s. In the early years of Ithacan migration, many husbands left their families and migrated to various countries that offered opportunities. Demetri and Eugenia had been separated for almost 30 years before they reunited in 1950. Prior to leaving for Australia Demetri had also spent time in America. Women were left to bring up children on their own during times of hardship and periods of war. A black and white photograph with crimped edges of eight young men sitting amongst low growing shrubbery having a meal break. Two men are standing each end of the group holding guns.kopella

In the photograph a young Nakis Raftopoulos is arranging the fruit display in his father's (Spiro Raftopoulos) shop which was at 250 Johnson Street in Abbotsford. Many Ithacan Greeks who settled in Melbourne opened businesses as it was difficult for non-British immigrants to secure employment in the early years when Ithacans first started arrive. The business were mostly associated with food vending, either cafes, restaurants, oyster bars and sea food shops, or fruit shops, stalls or barrows. They ventured into the food vending business because it was an area the had skills in. Also some of these business didn't require enormous initial capital outlay and provided a springboard for entrepreneurial Ithacans to progress to larger scale businesses. The ownership of businesses by Ithacans assisted the development of chain migration with Ithacan business owners providing employment to relatives who wished to emigrate to Melbourne. A black and white photograph of a young man in a fruit shop. he is arranging apples in a display behind a counter. The photograph has been reproduced and is mounted on board.

An advertising poster for the 1955 All Nations Festival which was presented by the Australia Red Cross Society, Victorian Branch. Nina and Olga Black participated in the festival and were featured on the poster (seated at front first and second from left) wearing Greek traditional costumes. Other recognisable national costumes are Scottish Piper and Dutch.The event held in 1955 by the Australian Red Cross promoted multicultural Australia and members of the Ithacan Philanthropic Club participated. It was the period of post WW2 mass migration which saw many nationalities making Australia their home.Photocopy of a poster for the 1955 All Nations Festival. Consisting of a group 3 men and 6 women dressed in different national traditional dress. There is a Red Cross symbol either side of the group.THE AUSTRALIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY / VICTORIAN DIVISION/PRESENTS THE / 1955 ALL NATIONS FESTIVAL / ST. KILDA CRICKET GROUND - SUNDAY, 27TH FEBRUARY 1955folk dancing, national costimes

The photograph features Anastasios Vlassopoulos (Kioukiouris) with his three daughters-in-law, Ekaterini, Korina and Elena, and three little grandsons. They are from L-R: Ekaterina (nee Paxinos), Korina (nee Raftopoulos), John, Anastasios, baby Aleko held by his grandfather Anastasios, Elena (nee Raftopoulos) and Peter. The photograph was taken in the village of Lahos shortly before Ekaterina and son Peter emigrated to Australia to be reunited with her husband, John. Elena remained in Ithaca, as did Korina whose son Aleko Vlassopoulos migrated to Australia following World War 2. Ithacan migration to Australia before World War 2 was unassisted. Generally it followed a pattern of chain migration with family members following one another. The men arrived first with the intention of either returning or saving enough money to bring their wives and families out when they had become financially established. Most men did not return. Some families were reunited while some wives and children never saw their husbands and fathers again.A black and white photograph of a family group of seven people - an elderly man, three young women, two little boys and and a baby.chain. migration

Severe earthquakes struck across the Ionian Islands in Greece in 1953, causing widespread devastation. Some villages were totally destroyed resulting in many people forced to relocate and a further wave of emigration to other countries, including Australia.Following the post WW2 migration from Ithaca, the earthquakes brought about yet another wave of migration from the island. It was the last most significant period of migration from the island.A black and white photograph of ruins caused by the earthquake which occurred in the Ionian Islands in 1953.

Prior to the advent of the ferry service Ithacans who wished to travel to the mainland sailed by ship. The 'Angelika', photographed in Ithaca's port harbour of Vathi, transported most of the post WWII Ithacan migrants to the main Greek port of Piraeus to embark for their journey to Australia. Migration from Ithaca to Australia ceased during the second world war years. A second wave commenced in the post war years, particular following the 1953 earthquakes which caused catastrophic damage to the island. Today travel between Ithaca and the mainland is by ferry boats. Ships and ferry boats no longer enter the harbour at Vathi, but rather dock at Piso Aetos. A black and white photograph with a thin white border of a ship steaming out of a harbour with smaller craft in the water. People are standing on the wharf watching the boat depart; behind them are buildings and mountains across the skyline.

The photograph was taken after the massive earthquakes of 1953 which caused widespread destruction across Ithaca and other Ionian Islands. Many of the buildings destroyed in the earthquake could not be rebuilt and some parts of the villages became uninhabitable. This event brought about the largest mass migration from the island and a further wave of Ithacan migration to countries, such as Australia and South Africa, where relatives had already settled. The Ithacan Philanthropic Society established an Earthquake Appeal to assist their compatriots.A black and white photograph showing widespread damage done in the aftermath of an earthquake. Many houses are in ruins and there are two heaps of rubble comprising timber and metal and concrete in the foreground. Two men are walking along a track looking at the destruction in the village.

Panoyiannis (Peter) Raftopoulos arrived in Australia in 1937 on the RMS STRAITHAIRD. Travel to Australia between the He married Evgenia Raftopulos and they had two children, Loula and Spearos. Peter was the brother of Kalypso Sofianos nee Raftopoulos. Peter was secretary of the Ithacan Philanthropic Society 1938-1949 and 1953 and an Honorary Life Member.Between the world wars migrants made the long journey to Australia on steamships such as the STRAITHAIRD. Then came the ocean liners which remained the main form of transportation for immigrants to Australia until well into the 1960s. By the 1970s, the wave of post-war migration by ocean liner to Australia was largely over. With fewer migrants coming to Australia, travel was mainly by air.A scanned photograph of the P&O liner, RMS STRAITHAIRD on a voyage. P&O. RMS "STRAITHAIRD' 22 500 TONS/INDIA AND AUSTRALIA MAIL AND PASSENGER SERTVICE.

The young couple standing outside the stone cottage in Kioni, Ithaca are Yianni Rafopoulos (Bourlotos) and Diamando (Manto) Raftopoulos nee Paizis. The house is typical of the traditional stone cottages built on Ithaca in times past. Although similar cottage are still standing, some of them lovingly restored, there are also many deserted and in disrepair or ruin as a result of migration over generations and inheritance issues. A black and white photograph of a lady and man photographed on a mound of rocks outside a stone cottage which has a tiled roof.

The photograph was taken in Ithaca, possibly in the village of Kioni where those in the photo are all from, hence the term Kiniotes (ie people from Kioni). Pictured from L-R: Diamando (Mando) Raftopoulos , Yianni Raftopoulos (Tsagaris) and Kalypso Sofianos (nee Raftopoulos). The identity of the little girl is uncertain. She could be Tasia Diamond (nee Paizis) the daughter of Nick and Dora Paizis. All in the photo eventually emigrated to Australia and settled in Melbourne. The population of Kioni, and the rest of the villages on Ithaca, began to decline from the beginning of the 20th century. By the 1950s, following the mass migration of the post war and post 1953 earthquakes, the population declined dramatically, leaving only a few hundred permanent residents.A black and white photograph of two ladies, a man and a little girl; standing in front of a hedge with some rocks behind them.

A young Dimitri Sofianos is photographed in Ithaca with his older brother and his two sisters, Eugenia and Katerini. His brother migrated to South Africa after which they never saw each other again. His two sisters remained in Greece. Dimitri never returned to Greece after he arrived in Australia and as such also never saw his sisters again.Dimitri Sofianos' story of a family separated by migration was a common theme amongst those who ventured beyond their country of birth in the early years of migration when overseas travel was difficult and communications slower. It also took years of work and hardship to establish themselves in their adopted country and as a result it was often not possible to take the time for overseas travel.A scanned black and white photograph on A4 paper of four young children - two boys and two girls - in front of a curtain. Thew oldest boy is standing behind the other three who are seated.

A copy of the marriage certificate of Constas (Costas) and Joyia Raftopoulos nee Karanze, who were married at the Greek Orthodox Church 'Evangelismos' in East Melbourne on 12 October 1924. The priest who conducted the service was Father Irineos Cassimatis. Costas was a fruiterer and Joyia was a 'tailoress'.Constas Raftopoulos and Joyia Grarange both migrated to Australia from Ithaca in the 1920s and like many other Ithacans settled in Melbourne where they eventually married. During the years between the two world wars chain migration saw many Ithacans sponsored by family members to come to Melbourne.A photograph of a marriage certificate.