The lathe-making business incorporated in 1902 as Drummond Bros Ltd originated in the fertile mind of Mr Arthur Drummond, said to have been living at that time at Pinks Hill, on the southern edge of Broad Street Common, west of Guildford. Mr Drummond, whose accomplishments included several pictures hung in the Royal Academy, was unable to find a lathe suitable for use in model engineering. In 1896 he designed for himself a ‘small centre lathe … which had a compound slide rest with feed-screws and adjustable slides’. He also designed and built ‘lathes of 4.5 inch and 5 inch centre height, which had beds of a special form whereby the use of a gap piece was eliminated but the advantages of a gap-bed lathe were retained’. Assisted by his brother, Mr Frank Drummond, who had served an apprenticeship to an engineering firm at Tunbridge Wells, the first lathes were made in a workshop adjoining Arthur Drummond’s house. The demand that speedily built up led to the decision to form a company and manufacture the lathes for sale commercially. Land was acquired nearby, at Rydes Hill, and the first factory built. The enterprise was a success, and the company quickly established ‘a high reputation in this country and abroad for multi-tool and copying lathes, and gear-cutting machines’. Other lathes were added to the range, including the first of the ’round bed’ machines for which the firm became widely known. A Drummond 3.5 inch lathe was among the equipment of Captain Scott’s 1912 expedition to the South Pole, and large numbers of 3.5 inch and 4 inch designs were exported to Australia, Canada and India. By the outbreak of war in 1914, 5 inch, 6 inch and 7 inch screw cutting lathes, arranged for power drive, were on sale. Large orders were received from the government for 3.5 inch lathes, for use in destroyers and submarines, and 5 inch lathes for the mechanised section of the Army Service Corps. The latter were used in mobile workshops. The factory worked night and day to supply the forces’ needs, until production was disrupted by a fire which destroyed a large part of the works in May 1915. As soon as rebuilding was complete work restarted. At the end of the war the entire production was being taken by the Government departments, a special feature being a precision screw lathe, bought by the Ministry of Munitions in 1918. Between the wars Drummond Bros Ltd introduced new machines for the motor vehicle, and later the aircraft industry, and the works were extended on many occasions to fulfill the increasing orders. The Maxicut multi-tool lathe (1925), designed for high-production turning operations, was one of the first machines of this type to be built in England. It was followed (1928) by an hydraulic version for turning gear blanks, and similar work. Further developments provided machines which, during the Second World War, turned all the crankshafts and propeller shafts for Bristol engines. Others, ordered by the Ministry of Supply were employed in turning shells, and many other specific needs of vehicle and aircraft manufacture were catered for by new types of Drummond lathes. Production of the small centre lathes ceased during the war when the company needed to concentrate on building multi-tool lathes and gear shapers. After the war a completely new Maxicut range was introduced, replacing the older versions, and fully automatic. The types were continually developed, and new versions manufactured until the end of the company’s life in 1980. The disappearance from the scene of Mr Arthur Drummond in 1946, and the end of the company’s autonomous existence in 1953 when the company was acquired by William Asquith Ltd, which was in turn bought by Staveley in 1966, meant that the factory at Rydes Hill became one – albeit very effective – part of a large national engineering company. Achievements at the Guildford works during its last years included the development of automated Maxicut gear-shapers in what was ‘probably the most fully automated gear shop in the country’, while a machine from Guildford was sent to the Osaka Fair in 1962. In 1963 an agreement was signed with Hindustan Machine Tools for the manufacture of Maxicut gear-shapers in state owned factories in Bangalore and Chandigarh. During 1963 the two largest multi-tool lathes ever made in the UK were installed in Ambrose Shardlow’s works in Sheffield for handling cranks up to 14 foot long. In 1976 Drummond lathes were included in Staveley’s £14,000,000 installation in Moscow of an automated production line for Zil motor cars. Up to the end invention continued at Guildford: a new Drummond Multi-turn memory-controlled machine was shown at the International Machine Tool Exhibition in 1977. This could not save the works from the pressures of the late 1970s, and Staveley Industries closed its Guildford site in 1980.An early example of a lathe that was designed primarily for the hobbyist model maker. It is in good condition and sought today by collectors as many of it's attributes were innovative at the time and lead to further development and incorporation of some of its features into more industrial models of production machinery. Lathe, round bed, treadle powered lathe, Drummond Type A, Serial number and maker's inscription. 1920-1923, Made by Drummond Brothers in Guildford, Surrey, England. Lathe is complete with Chuck, Tool post and Tail Stock in situ (30 extra parts)"MADE BY DRUMMOND BROTHERS LIMITED - PATENT TEES - RYDE'S HILL n GUILDFORD SURREY", "Serial Number 01470," "L44" or "L45 " flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, lathe 1920-1923, round bed lathe, treadle lathe, drummond type a, guildford surrey, drummond brothers guildford surrey england, tread'e

Former Drummonds Garage15cm x 10cm colour photograph of Ssang Yong used car dealership in the former site of Drummonds Garage. Approximately 11 used cars displayed outside of the building. Written on the back: Former Drummond Garagecar dealership, shopfront, used cars

Yields information about the Drummond St line and the Mills St loop area and a special tram tour using No. 37.Colour slide, Kodak white cardboard mount, developed Mar 1969 of No. 34 and 37 crossing at the Duncan St loop in Drummond St North. No. 34 has destination of Gardens via Drummond North, while No. 37 running a special service. .2 - No. 37 in the loop by itself. See Reg Items 7675, 7678, 7681, 7684, 7686, 7705 and 7713."Duncan St Loop Drummond St" in red ink.ballarat, tramways, trams, drummond st nth, mill st loop, tram 34, tram 37

Photo of Ballarat No. 14, just north of Sturt St in Drummond St. north, with destination of 'Gardens via Drummond North'. Tram fitted with 'Electricity best for cooking' roof ad and briquettes and 60/40 dancing at Civic Hall ads on front of tram. Photo taken 11-3-64. Tram fitted with small white stripe. At Hospital Corner'Ballarat No. 14, Drummond St. Nth, 11-3-64'tramways, trams, drummond st. nth, hospital corner, tram 14

Shepherding is among the oldest occupations, beginning some 5,000 years ago in Asia Minor. Sheep were kept for their milk, meat and especially their wool. Over the next thousand years, sheep and shepherding spread throughout Eurasia. Henri Fleisch tentatively suggested the Shepherd Neolithic industry of Lebanon may date to the Epipaleolithic and that it may have been used by one of the first cultures of nomadic shepherds in the Beqaa Valley. Some sheep were integrated in the family farm along with other animals such as chickens and pigs. To maintain a large flock, the sheep must be able to move from pasture to another pasture. This required the development of an occupation separate from that of the farmer. The duty of shepherds was to keep their flock intact, protect it from predators and guide it to market areas in time for shearing. In ancient times, shepherds also commonly milked their sheep, and made cheese from this milk; few shepherds still do this today. In many societies, shepherds were an important part of the economy. Unlike farmers, shepherds were often wage earners, being paid to watch the sheep of others. Shepherds also lived apart from society, being largely nomadic. It was mainly a job of solitary males without children, and new shepherds thus needed to be recruited externally. Shepherds were most often the younger sons of farming peasants who did not inherit any land. In other societies, each family would have a family member to shepherd its flock, often a child, youth or an elder who couldn't help much with harder work; these shepherds were fully integrated in society. Shepherds would normally work in groups either looking after one large flock, or each bringing their own and merging their responsibilities. They would live in small cabins, often shared with their sheep, and would buy food from local communities. Less often shepherds lived in covered wagons that travelled with their flocks. Shepherding developed only in certain areas. In the lowlands and river valleys, it was far more efficient to grow grain and cereals than to allow sheep to graze, thus the raising of sheep was confined to rugged and mountainous areas. In pre-modern times shepherding was thus centred on regions such as the Middle East, Greece, the Pyrenees, the Carpathian Mountains, Scotland and Northern England. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shepherd The Shetland Sheepdog, often known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands of Scotland. The original name was Shetland Collie, but this caused controversy amongst Rough Collie breeders of the time, so the breed's name was formally changed. This diligent small dog is clever, vocal, excitable and willing to please. They are incredibly trustworthy to their owners to the point where they are often referred to as "shadows" due to their attachment to family. This breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club (UK) in 1909. Like the Shetland pony, Shetland cattle and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meagre conditions of its native islands. While the Sheltie still excels at herding, today it is often raised as a working dog and/or family pet. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shetland_Sheepdog The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated dog breed of medium to large size that, in its original form, was a type of collie used and bred for herding sheep in Scotland. More recent breeding has focused on the Collie as a show dog, and also companion. The breed specifications call for a distinctive long narrow tapered snout and tipped (semiprick) ears, so some dogs have their ears taped when young. Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable and white (sometimes mahogany), blue merle, tri-coloured, and colour-headed white. There is a smooth-coated variety known as a Smooth Collie; some breed organisations, including both the American and Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider smooth-coat and rough-coat collies to be variations of the same breed. Rough Collies closely resemble the smaller Shetland Sheepdogs or "Shelties", but the two breeds do not have an exclusive linear relationship. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rough_Collie This picture shows a typical Scottish scene with a shepherd in kilt and his two sheepdogs.Picture, print of old Scotsman sitting on a stone slab with his dogs nearby. Framed, glass covered colour print. Marked "A SHEPHERD AND HIS FRIENDS", "1897" , "Drummonds" (on picture). Marked "A SHEPHERD AND HIS FRIENDS", "1897" , "Drummonds" (on picture). flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, print, picture, wall decoration, shepherd and dogs, a shepherd and his friends, shetland sheep dog, rough collie

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 8/4/1958. Has slide No. "4" stamped in black in top corner. Photo of Ballarat No. 31 outbound in Drummond St. North, passing through the Mill St. loop Tram has the destination of Gardens via Drummond Nth. For high resolution scan see btm2863.tif "Drummond St. N Ballarat" / "8-4-58"tramways, trams, drummond st nth, mill st loop, tram 31

Colour slide in a mount. Victorian house, Drummond St, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaMount Made in Australia / 2 / 17 (Handwritten) / Encircled 7 (Handwritten) / Victorian House, Drummond Strret, Carlton (Handwritten)slide, robin boyd

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 8/4/1958. Has slide No. "3" stamped in black in top corner. Photo of Ballarat No. 14 inbound in Drummond St. North, approaching Sturt St, at Hospital Corner, Drummond St. Tram has the destination of Victoria St. Photo taken after tram has passed photographer. For high resolution scan see btm2862.tif "Drummond St N Ballarat" / "8-4-58"tramways, trams, drummond st nth, tram 14

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 8/4/1958, date stamped onto slide. Has slide No. "16" stamped in red in top corner. Photo of Ballarat 41, inbound, Drummond St. South, south end of Drummond St. Photo taken after the tram has passed the photographer - see also Reg. item 2887 for a photo the other way. "Drummond St. Sth / Sebastopol line" / "8-4-58"tramways, trams, drummond st sth, tram 41

Shop in space where Drummonds Garage, now used by Wilson Partners Real Estate.18cm x 13cm black and white photograph of a single story building with dark brick facade. Two occupants are using the building, "Heatane"and Eric W. Tulloh Barrister Solicitor.Written on the back: Shop in space where Drummonds garage. now used by Wilson Partners.shopfront, storefront, retail store

White cardboard mount, 35mm slide, from the Association of Railway Enthusiast's film strip titled "Provincial Tramway Film Strip" of No. 18, side on view in Drummond St. and Victoria Ave and Drummond St North. Photo taken with camera matching speed of tram, background slightly blurred. The film strip notes (Reg. Item 2560), provided the following caption details: "Car No. 18 shows a lively turn of speed as it heads up Drummond St. North towards "GARDENS". - Dec. '67 (Dave Macartney)" See image btm2568p.tif for high level scan of image. Stamped on base of slide "11778" and written in ink on top edge "No. 18 Drummond St Ballarat"tramways, trams, are, film strip, drummond st nth, victoria ave, tram 18

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 8/4/1958, date stamped onto slide. Has slide No. "15" stamped in red in top corner. Photo of Ballarat 41, inbound, Drummond St. South, south end of Drummond St. Tram has the destination of Lydiard St. North. See Reg. Item 2888 for the subsequent photo - taken after the tram has passed the photographer. For high resolution scan see btm2887.tif "Drummond St. Sth / Sebastopol line" / "8-4-58"tramways, trams, drummond st sth, tram 41

Set of three colour slides of the removal of tram tracks in Drummond St North. Slides dated Sept. 1978, photo by David Frost.Yields information about the removal of tracks in Drummond St Nth during Jan. 1978.Colour Slide - AGFA plastic mounts.First slide in ink "track removal, Drummond St Nth, Road Roller - Jan 1978"tramways, demolition, drummond st nth, track removal

Ballarat tram No. 42 turning into Drummond St North from Sturt St. with No. 37 in background at Hospital Corner. No. 42 has Briquettes and Penfolds Sherry roof ads,, dash canopy lighting and large triangles on front. Southern Cross Hotel in background. Has Gardens via Drummond destination. Photo taken on 22-3-1962. See Reg. Item 3260 for use of this photo'SEC Ballarat, No. 42, ex Mt Pleasant, at Sturt and Drummond Sts, 22-3-62' in blue ink.tramways, trams, ballarat, sturt st, drummond st, hospital corner, tram 42, tram 37

Ballarat SEC tram No. 21 turning from Sturt St. into Drummond St. south en route to Sebastopol, 20.1.1962. Tram in SEC colours with lights, but prior to enlarged white stripe. Southern Cross Hotel in background.'SEC Ballarat, No. 21, Sturt & Drummond Streets, 20-1-62, W.Jack' in blue ink.tramways, trams, sebastopol, sturt st., drummond st, tram 21

The photograph shows Ballarat No. 41 northbound at Hospital Corner, Sturt and Drummond Streets, with an ESCo switch or junction box in the foreground. The tram has the destination of Lydiard St North. Photo by Mal Rowe, 22/11/1969.Yields information about the corner of Sturt and Lydiard Sts and an ESCo junction or switch box.Black and white photograph notes on rear.Mal Rowe copyright stamp with number 118,13, and "Corner Drummond St South and Sturt Street"tramcars, tramways, hospital corner, sturt st, drummond st sth, tram 41, electrical equipment, electrical switching

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 8/4/1958. Has slide No. "1" stamped in black in top corner. Photo of Ballarat No. 35 outbound in Drummond St. South, just south of Sturt St.??. Tram has the destination of Sebastopol. Photo taken after the tram has passed the photographer. For high resolution scan see btm2860h.tif "Drummond St. South Ballarat" / "8-4-58"tramways, trams, drummond st sth, tram 35

Photo of SEC Ballarat Tram No. 27 turning from Macarthur St into Drummond St. North. Has a Beauty Salon on the corner and a service station behind the tram. Shows the Post Box in front of the Beauty Salon. Name of the Salon "?otte" Kodak cardboard mount slide, taken by Peter Moses August 1971.On back of slide in black ink "No. 27, Ballarat / Cnr Macarthur Drummond Sts Old Cemetery" .tramways, trams, macarthur st, drummond st. nth, tram 27

Black and white photograph of SEC No. 28 and 32 at the intersection of Drummond and Sturt Sts. Tram 28 has destination of Mt Pleasant, coming from Drummond St. south, and carrying "Trotting Bray Raceway Thursday" auxiliary sign board on front of tram. Tram 32 has been decorated for Myers as a Santa or Christmas tram, and is outbound to Gardens via Sturt. St. Pole sign by Holden car has a Olympic rings sign on it, indicating location of Lake Wendouree and once was a tram stop sign. Taken on 23-12-1967. High Res Images added 5/3/2011. Note: Colour images are held in the Dick Jones photographs and also see Reg item 7408.On rear in blue ink "28 & 32 Sturt and Drummond 23-12-67" and "DJM" in penciltrams, tramways, ballarat, myers santa tram, hospital corner, decorated trams, christmas trams , tram 28, 32

Kodachrome Transparency - 35mm slide - cardboard mount, with one side with red border and words "Kodachrome Transparency / Processed by Kodak" top and bottom. Photo taken by Ben Parle 5/4/1958. Has slide No. "14" stamped in red in top corner and date stamped on slide. Photo of the No. 41 and 21 on an AETA tour, Sturt St. at Drummond St., facing the wrong way on the Sturt St track. Would appear the trip has terminated in Sturt St and about to reverse to another route. Tram 41 has destination of Special and is carrying the AETA special car sign. For high resolution scan see btm2843h.tif"Sturt St / Drummond St" "-5 APR 1958"tramways, trams, sturt st, drummond st, aeta, tram 41, tram 21

This is a photo of Broken and Drummond Falls. It is part of promotional material for tourism, and was produced by Victorian Railways.The photo shows a series of cascades leading down to a wider set of falls, all surrounded by bush.'Copyright Photograph. This photograph may be reproduced on condition that it is acknowledged as "Victorian Railways Photograph".' stamped on back. "P. 3500" written on back in pencil. "Broken & Drummond Falls" written on back in blue ink.scenery, waterfalls

Yields information about the Macarthur and Drummond Sts intersection during 1940 and the trams in used and the welding truck.Digital image from the Wal Jack Ballarat Album of a photograph of No. 12 turning from Macarthur St into Drummond St north. Has a shop advertising Preservene Soap in the background and the old welding truck with a warning sign on the back at the rear of the tram. Shows the houses in Drummond St North prior the trees growing. Photo taken 15-10-1940. See image i2 for rear of photograph. See image i3 for hi res scan of print. See image i4 for hi res scan of negativeOn rear of photograph in ink "Ballarat No. 12 turning out of Macarthur St in Drummond St 15-10-40. Note old "Beam" welding unit.trams, tramways, macarthur st, drummond st nth, welding, tram 12

Photo of No. 18 turning from MacArthur St. into Drummond St. north, taken from north west corner. Side on view of 18. Tram fitted with dash canopy lighting and SEC ad on roof. Adjacent to photographer is a compulsory tram stop painted on a pole with a white painted over section below it. Photo taken on 23-3-1962.'SEC Ballarat, No. 18 in Macarthur St., turning into Drummond St. 23-3-62' in blue inktramways, trams, macarthur st., drummond st., tram 18

Ballarat Scrubber car, in Drummond St. North, 28.2.1962, flushing track drains at Duncan St. loop. Workman in white at rear of tram, parked at entry to loop. Photo by Keith Kings.'K.S.Kings No.' stamped onto slide' 'H(w)(369), 1/250, f11, 28/2/62, Ballarat, Scrubber flushing track drains at loop on Drummond St. Nth.' in blue ink.tramways, trams, ballarat, drummond st. nth, scrubber tram, maintenance, scrubber

Photo of Ballarat trams 28, 14, 42 en route to City and 38 in background going to Sebastopol, Drummond St. South, just north of Urquhart St., 11-3-1964. Trams 28 and 14 have small white stripe under dash canopy lights. 28 fitted with Castrol and 'Switch to electric cooking' ads, 14 has ads as well.'Ballarat Trams No. 28, 14, 42 to city, 38 Sebastopol. Drummond St. South, 11-3-64.' in blue inktramways, trams, drummond st. sth, sebastopol, tram 28, tram 14, tram 42

White cardboard mount, 35mm slide, from the Association of Railway Enthusiast's film strip titled "Provincial Tramway Film Strip" of No. 21 at View point terminus. Note tram stop arrangements, shelter and the Lake in the Background. The film strip notes (Reg. Item 2560), provided the following caption details: "No. 21 stands at "VIEW POINT" terminus adjacent to where the line to "GARDENS via DRUMMOND St. Nth" comes in beside Lake Wendouree - Nov. '70 (Glen Mills)" See image btm2569p.tif for high level scan of image. Stamped on base of slide "11779" and written in ink on top edge "No. 18 Drummond St Ballarat"tramways, trams, are, film strip, wendouree parade, view point, tram 21

Two colour prints (Copies 1 and 2) of the scene at the Hospital Corner, Drummond St. Sth and Sturt St. after the running of the last tram from Sebastopol prior to running into the depot on 19 Sept. 1971. Shows one bogie tram No. 40 (from the advertising boards) with many people at the corner, a few cars and a police car leading the tram through the people standing around. Has the liquor store on the south west corner of the intersection in the background. Tram is heavily loaded with passengers. Copy 1 on Fujicolour Crystal Archive Paper is the better exposed and larger print and has been used in the scanned image.. Copy 2 another print off the same negative but with a smaller photograph area. Original film image scanned at 3200dpi 12/5/2020 and record revised. Image i2 - shows the crowd before the tram departed with a police escort. Image i3 - shows the scene as the tram departed with a police escort.On copy 2 - "The Last Tram at Drummond and Sturt Sts." in black ink.sebastopol, last tram, closure, hospital corner, tram 40

Yields information about No. 38 in June 1957 and Hospital corner buildings.Digital image from the Wal Jack Ballarat Album of a photograph of No.38 at the intersection of Sturt and Drummond Sts turning into Sturt St. Note the building behind the tram - has one name "Vandenhoe?" See image i2 for rear of photograph.On rear of photograph in ink "SEC Ballarat No. 38 one man bogie from Sebastopol at Drummond and Sturt Sts corner 27 June 57" and in bottom right hand corner "W. Jack Photo Neg to D. Colquhoun".trams, tramways, sturt st, drummond st, hospital corner, tram 38