This wooden base with inserted wooden peg is probably the base for a quoits game. Quoits is a traditional competitive game where players throw a set of horse shoes, rope or rubber rings, or discs one at a time from a particular specified distance towards the wooden base, the aim being to hook them all over the peg.Base; block of square wood with short rod in the middle; probably the base for quoits game.Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, quoits game, traditional game of quoits, traditional games

In the mid 1990s, a self-help course for children with arthritis was held at the Arthritis Foundation of Victoria's headquarters. Following the course was a barbeque for the children and their families. In this photo, a small group of children are playing an outdoor game, assisted by the course leader. They appear to be playing a game of 'What time is it, Mr Wolf?', a popular traditional children's game.COL photo of a small group of children playing a game on a grassy area outdoors. A woman is crouching beside some of the children. The photo has been taken from behind them as they stand, facing the fence.arthritis foundation of victoria, afv, children with arthritis, juvenile arthritis, family support group, self-help course, pain management, exercise, living with arthritis, family support, family barbeque, bbq, children’s games, traditional games, c1990s

Following the Anzac Day March in Albury the 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles Training Depot was opened for drinks and food, and traditional games of chance played.Colour photograph of Crown and Anchor table at Buna Barracks Albury on Anzac Day 1994.

The National Bicycle Game is an Australian-made and designed board game for 2, 3 or 4 players made by The National Game Company of Ballarat and Melbourne between 1930 and 1950. The earliest board games date from the mid-18th century and were printed on copper or steel plates and coloured by hand. By 1839 lithography was first used, making it possible for publishers to produce larger quantities of all types of toys. By the 1890s the games were mounted on to a folded board. Popular subjects were of an historical or geographical nature, as well as transport including motoring, aviation and railways and various sports. The board game 'A Motor Ride' ,made by The National Game Company, was possibly the first large-scale manufacturer of locally-designed board games in Australia. The firm was established in Ballarat, Victoria, at the beginning of the twentieth century by W. Owen. Other board games made by National include the 'Victory-United Nations" game, 'Fairyland', 'Yacht Race', 'Golf Game', 'Bicycle Game', Steeple Chase', 'Our Great Game' about football, 'Courtship and Marriage', 'Around the Commonwealth by Aeroplane', and 'Dugouts and Trenches' as well as the more traditional games such as Ludo, Snakes and Ladders, and Noughts and Crosses. This game board has been well-used. The game is significant because it uses scenarios familiar to Australian children in the first half of the twentieth century. This game board reflects the experience of being a child in the twentieth century. Toys were how children were socialised and taught. Most toys mimic the adult world, and looking at them can tell us something about how the world has changed. A folding game board for The national Bicycle Game for 2,3 or 4 players. It has a yellow spiral track on which the player progresses at the throw of the die, starting at the clubhouse until reaching home. In the background are pictures of rural scenes.board-games recreation cycling national-game-company

Cards given to his (father) in N G / VX 81823 T.H. DRUMMOND..1) Cardboard box containing 52 playing cards and sheet of instructions black print on white paper, box red, yellow, blue, white and grey print of navy vessel. cards red yellow blue white and grey, naval vessel or cover, flags and pendants on back. .2) Sheet of paper with coloured international code and flag signals on one side and instructions for playing two games traditionally played in Navy.sticker " A gift from the Australian Red Cross Society" on box.cards, playing, leisure object

Darkness and a little light: ?Race? and sport in Australia Colin Tatz (AIATSIS & Australian National University) and Daryl Adair (University of Technology Sydney) Despite ?the wonderful and chaotic universe of clashing colors, temperaments and emotions, of brave deeds against odds seemingly insuperable?, sport is mixed with ?mean and shameful acts of pure skullduggery?, villainy, cowardice, depravity, rapaciousness and malice. Thus wrote celebrated American novelist Paul Gallico on the eve of the Second World War (Gallico 1938 [1988]:9-10). An acute enough observation about society in general, his farewell to sports writing also captures the ?clashing colors? in Australian sport. In this ?land of the fair go?, we look at the malice of racism in the arenas where, as custom might have it, one would least want or expect to find it. The history of the connection between sport, race and society - the long past, the recent past and the social present - is commonly dark and ugly but some light and decency are just becoming visible. Coming to terms: ?Race?, ethnicity, identity and Aboriginality in sport Colin Tatz (AIATSIS & Australian National University) Notions of genetic superiority have led to some of the world?s greatest human calamities. Just as social scientists thought that racial anthropology and biology had ended with the cataclysm of the Second World War, so some influential researchers and sports commentators have rekindled the pre-war debate about the muscular merits of ?races? in a new discipline that Nyborg (1994) calls the ?science of physicology?. The more recent realm of racial ?athletic genes?, especially within socially constructed black athletic communities, may intend no malice but this search for the keys to their success may well revive the old, discredited discourses. This critical commentary shows what can happen when some population geneticists and sports writers ignore history and when medical, biological and sporting doctrines deriving from ?race? are dislocated from any historical, geographic, cultural and social contexts. Understanding discourses about race, racism, ethnicity, otherness, identity and Aboriginality are essential if sense, or nonsense, is to be made of genetic/racial ?explanations? of sporting excellence. Between the two major wars boxing was, disproportionately, a Jewish sport; Kenyans and Ethiopians now ?own? middle- and long-distance running and Jamaicans the shorter events; South Koreans dominate women?s professional golf. This essay explores the various explanations put forward for such ?statistical domination?: genes, biochemistry, biomechanics, history, culture, social dynamics, the search for identity, alienation, need, chance, circumstances, and personal bent or aptitude. Traditional games of a timeless land: Play cultures in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities Ken Edwards (University of Southern Queensland) Sports history in Australia has focused almost entirely on modern, Eurocentric sports and has therefore largely ignored the multitude of unique pre- European games that are, or once were, played. The area of traditional games, especially those of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, is an important aspect of the cultural, social and historical experiences of Indigenous communities. These activities include customs of play that are normally not associated with European notions of competitive sport. Overall, this paper surveys research undertaken into traditional games among Indigenous Australians, as well as proposals for much needed further study in this area. Culture, ?race? and discrimination in the 1868 Aboriginal cricket tour of England David Sampson As a consequence of John Mulvaney?s important historical research, the Aboriginal cricket and performance tour of Britain in 1868 has in recent decades become established as perhaps the most famous of all public events in contact history involving Aborigines, white settlers and the British metropolis. Although recognition of its importance is welcome and significant, public commemorations of the tour have enveloped the tour in mythologies of cricket and nation. Such mythologies have obscured fundamental aspects of the tour that were inescapable racial and colonial realities of the Victorian era. This reappraisal of the tour explores the centrality of racial ideology, racial science and racial power imbalances that enabled, created and shaped the tour. By exploring beyond cricketing mythology, it restores the central importance of the spectacular performances of Aboriginal skills without which the tour would have been impossible. Such a reappraisal seeks to fully recognise the often trivialised non-cricketing expertise of all of the Aboriginal performers in 1868 for their achievement of pioneering their unique culture, skills and technologies to a mass international audience. Football, ?race? and resistance: The Darwin Football League, 1926?29 Matthew Stephen (Northern Territory Archive Service) Darwin was a diverse but deeply divided society in the early twentieth century. The Commonwealth Government introduced the Aboriginals Ordinance 1911 in the Northern Territory, instituting state surveillance, control and a racially segregated hierarchy of whites foremost, then Asians, ?Coloureds? (Aborigines and others of mixed descent) and, lastly, the so-called ?full-blood? Aborigines. Sport was important in scaffolding this stratification. Whites believed that sport was their private domain and strictly controlled non-white participation. Australian Rules football, established in Darwin from 1916, was the first sport in which ?Coloured? sportsmen challenged this domination. Football became a battleground for recognition, rights and identity for all groups. The ?Coloured? community embraced its team, Vesteys, which dominated the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL) in the 1920s. In 1926, amidst growing racial tension, the white-administered NTFL changed its constitution to exclude non-white players. In reaction, ?Coloured? and Chinese footballers formed their own competition - the Darwin Football League (DFL). The saga of that colour bar is an important chapter in Australia?s football history, yet it has faded from Darwin?s social memory and is almost unknown among historians. That picture - Nicky Winmar and the history of an image Matthew Klugman (Victoria University) and Gary Osmond (The University of Queensland) In April 1993 Australian Rules footballer Nicky Winmar responded to on-field racist abuse by lifting his jersey and pointing to his chest. The photographic image of that event is now famous as a response to racial abuse and has come to be seen as starting a movement against racism in football. The racial connotations in the image might seem a foregone conclusion: the power, appeal and dominant meaning of the photograph might appear to be self-evident. But neither the fame of the image nor its racial connotation was automatic. Through interviews with the photographers and analysis of the use of the image in the media, we explore how that picture came to be of such symbolic importance, and how it has remained something to be re-shown and emulated. Rather than analyse the image as a photograph or work of art, we uncover some of its early history and explore the debates that continue to swirl around its purpose and meaning. We also draw attention to the way the careful study of photographs might enhance the study of sport, race and racism. ?She?s not one of us?: Cathy Freeman and the place of Aboriginal people in Australian national culture Toni Bruce (University of Waikato) and Emma Wensing (Independent scholar) The Sydney 2000 Olympic Games generated a national media celebration of Aboriginal 400 metre runner Cathy Freeman. The construction of Freeman as the symbol of national reconciliation was evident in print and on television, the Internet and radio. In contrast to this celebration of Freeman, the letters to the editor sections of 11 major newspapers became sites for competing claims over what constitutes Australian identity and the place of Aboriginal people in national culture. We analyse this under-explored medium of opinion and discuss how the deep feelings evident in these letters, and the often vitriolic responses to them, illustrate some of the enduring racial tensions in Australian society. Sport, physical activity and urban Indigenous young people Alison Nelson (The University of Queensland) This paper challenges some of the commonly held assumptions and ?knowledges? about Indigenous young people and their engagement in physical activity. These include their ?natural? ability, and the use of sport as a panacea for health, education and behavioural issues. Data is presented from qualitative research undertaken with a group of 14 urban Indigenous young people with a view to ?speaking back? to these commentaries. This research draws on Critical Race Theory in order to make visible the taken-for-granted assumptions about Indigenous Australians made by the dominant white, Western culture. Multiple, shifting and complex identities were expressed in the young people?s articulation of the place and meaning of sport and physical activity in their lives. They both engaged in, and resisted, dominant Western discourses regarding representations of Indigenous people in sport. The paper gives voice to these young people in an attempt to disrupt and subvert hegemonic discourses. An unwanted corroboree: The politics of the New South Wales Aboriginal Rugby League Knockout Heidi Norman (University of Technology Sydney) The annual New South Wales Aboriginal Rugby League Knockout is so much more than a sporting event. Involving a high level of organisation, it is both a social and cultural coming together of diverse communities for a social and cultural experience considered ?bigger than Christmas?. As if the planning and logistics were not difficult enough, the rotating-venue Knockout has been beset, especially since the late 1980s and 1990s, by layers of opposition and open hostility based on ?race?: from country town newspapers, local town and shire councils, local business houses and, inevitably, the local police. A few towns have welcomed the event, seeing economic advantage and community good will for all. Commonly, the Aboriginal ?influx? of visitors and players - people perceived as ?strangers?, ?outsiders?, ?non-taxpayers? - provoked public fear about crime waves, violence and physical safety, requiring heavy policing. Without exception, these racist expectations were shown to be totally unfounded. Research report: Recent advances in digital audio recorder technology provide considerable advantages in terms of cost and portability for language workers.b&w photographs, colour photographs, tablessport and race, racism, cathy freeman, nicky winmar, rugby league, afl, athletics, cricket, digital audio recorders

Two bronze commemorative plaques on rocks, unveiled by Wurundjeri Tribe Council Elders, mark two eastern boundaries of the former Warrandyte Aboriginal Reserve on the north and south sides of the Yarra. This project was initiated by Nillumbik Reconciliation Group in close association with Reconciliation Manningham and the Wurundjeri Tribe Council, as a means of commemorating the last great corroboree of the Kulin Nation which was held at Pound Bend in March 1852. This plaque is on the Nillumbuk side of the Yarra, accessed via The Boulevard, North Warrandyte. The plaque is set on a rock approximately 50 metres before the turning circle at the end of The Boulevard. Plaque : Warrandyte Aboriginal Reserve This commemorative rock marks an eastern boundary of the former Warrandyte Aboriginal Reserve established in 1852. Centred on Pound Bend, it covered 1,908 acres on both sides of the Yarra River (Birrarung). That same year saw the last great gathering of the Kulin nation here in Wurundjeri country which was celebrated over two weeks with traditional performance and games. For a few years longer the reserve intermittently served as a ration station.With gold having been discovered at Warrandyte, the Wurundjeri were moved on again but ultimately secured a permanent home at Coranderrk, Healesville. A second commemorative plaque and rock is located on the opposite bank of the Yarra and its confluence with Stony Creek. Melway ref : 23 C 9 Unveiled by Wurundjeri Elder, Uncle Bill Nicholson on 23rd March 2013 Funded by the Robert Bridgford Indigenous Trust (Nillumbik Community Fund) with assistance from Manningham City Council Small Grants Program Ref: Monument Autralia https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/culture/indigenous/display/99680-warrandyte-aboriginal-reserve-fay bridge collection, 2016-11-07, aboriginal reserve, north warrandyte, plaques, warrandyte aboriginal reserve

Sport competition between schools large and small in the Kiewa Valley were held in 1970 and included 'potato race' and 'bounce ball' along with more traditional events including high jump and running.Pink cardboard larger than A4 size folded in half listing Officials, Schools, Events with names of competing students. Dated Friday October 2nd 1970. Held at Mt Beauty High School Oval.In blue biro numbers 1,2,3 after some names in some events.kiewa valley school sports, mt beauty, athletics, games

46 pagesnon-fictionContent includes text and photos of a totem pole under construction for Festival Melbourne2006, the cultural festival of the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games. CARVE brought together artists from the Commonwealth nations of Canada, New Zealand and Australia, to examine the contemporary practice of traditional indigenous carving from each of these countries. Throughout the period of the Commonwealth Games each artist participated in demonstrations open to the public. Wayne Alfred from Canada, together with his son Marcus participated 18-25 March. The pole was carved alongside other carvers at Melbourne Museum. It was later donated to the Shire of Nillumbik. Contents: Threading the commonwealth: textile tradition, culture, trade and politics, Canopy of the commonwealth: community textile project, Spirit of the games: the opening ceremony revealed, Common goods: cultures meet through craft, New06 and +plus factors: contemporary Australian art Single currency: Australian and New Zealand art Flash: Australian athletes in focus, Game on! Sport and contemporary art, Best of the best: Commonwealth Photographic Awards.commonwealth games, art festivals, totem poles

These handmade skittles in this set appear to have had a lot of use as the surfaces of the skittles are well worn. The skittles have a hole in the top, indicating that they were made on a wood lathe. The game of skittles is played indoors and outdoors. It is a traditional target game or sport and the forerunner of the sport of bowling. A standard skittle set has nine skittles and one or two balls. The skittles would be arranged in a diagonal square pattern and a ball would be bowled towards them, for a given distance away. The object is to knock down as many skittles as possible. These skittles are representative of the traditional games played by children and adults over the centuries.Set of four wooden skittles, cylindrical body tapering inwards to form a narrow keck with a knob on top. Knob has two flat surfaces. The bodies and knob tops of the skittles sow remnants of wood stain but the bodies' surfaces are worn. The tops have a scored line around their circumference. The bases are rounded, with the edges off the floor. The top and base of the skittles have a hole in the centre. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, skittles, pins, game, children's game, traditional game, bowling, toy

Newspaper Clipping from "The Post", 10-3-98, Page 6Former Victorian Premier and current Ringwood Highland Games chieftain, Sir Rupert Hamer, games organiser Sue Mcleod and games chief John Cooper are looking forward to the 15th gathering of the Scottish clans, as well as 'traditional' pastimes such as caber tossing, haggis hurling and welly throwing.

The Ballarat School of Mines traditionally had a strong Australian Rules Football team. The 1982 team included Tony Lockett who went on to play at the highest level becoming the highest goal scorer in the history of the VFL/AFL with 1,360 goals in a career of 281 games, that commenced in 1983 with the St Kilda Football Club, and finished in 2002 with the Sydney Swans. Lockett is the only full-forward ever to win the coveted Brownlow Medal, in 1987, a season in which he was decorated with several honours. He is a four-time Coleman Medallist, kicked more than 100 goals in a season on six occasions (an AFL record), and is a member of the Australian Football Hall of Fame. (Wikipedia) In 2015 Tony Lockett was elevated to the state of Legend in the Australian Football League Hall of Fame.Photograph of the Ballarat School of Mines Australian Rules Football team taken at the Ballarat School of Mines. The football team wears the gold and green colours of the school team. Standing left to right: T. Gough (Team Manager), Anthony Cook, Mark Simpson, John Clifton, E. Vidaic, Andrew McMaster, R. Dunne, A. Leddick, Bruce Gee, P. Scott, B. Eyers. Sitting left to right: N. Rowe (Runner), Paul Drohan, Jeff Colbourne, A. Bell, Tony Lockett, Colin McCurry (Coach), Damian Ryan (Captain), J. O'Brien. Front left to right: Barrie Lock, S. Gleeson. Absent: C. Edwards, S. Gordon, B. Griffin (Vice-Captain), Damien Murnane. ballarat school of mines, football, australian rules footballl, herald shield, mccurry, lockett, tony lockett, t. gough, anthony cook, mark simpson, john clifton, e. vidaic, andrew mcmaster, r. dunne, a. leddick, bruce gee, p. scott, b. eyers., n. rowe, paul drohan, jeff colbourne, a. bell, colin mccurry, damian ryan, j. o'brien., barrie lock, s. gleeson., c. edwards, s. gordon, b. griffin, damien murnane., afl, vfl

The Ballarat School of Mines traditionally had a strong Australian Rules Football team. The 1982 team included Tony Lockett who went on to play at the highest level becoming the highest goal scorer in the history of the VFL/AFL with 1,360 goals in a career of 281 games, that commenced in 1983 with the St Kilda Football Club, and finished in 2002 with the Sydney Swans. Lockett is the only full-forward ever to win the coveted Brownlow Medal, in 1987, a season in which he was decorated with several honours. He is a four-time Coleman Medallist, kicked more than 100 goals in a season on six occasions (an AFL record), and is a member of the Australian Football Hall of Fame. (Wikipedia) In 2015 Tony Lockett was elevated to the state of Legend in the Australian Football League Hall of Fame.Photograph of the Ballarat School of Mines Australian Rules Football team taken at the Ballarat School of Mines. The football team wears the gold and green colours of the school team. Standing left to right: T. Gough (Team Manager), Anthony Cook, Mark Simpson, John Clifton, E. Vidaic, Andrew McMaster, R. Dunne, A. Leddick, Bruce Gee, P. Scott, B. Eyers. Sitting left to right: N. Rowe (Runner), Paul Drohan, Jeff Colbourne, A. Bell, Tony Lockett, Colin McCurry (Coach), Damian Ryan (Captain), J. O'Brien. Front left to right: Barrie Lock, S. Gleeson. Absent: C. Edwards, S. Gordon, B. Griffin (Vice-Captain), Damien Murnane. ballarat school of mines, football, australian rules footballl, herald shield, mccurry, lockett. tony lockett, vfl, afl

Published: 29 June 1934 Published title: PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL BEGINS WITH SCOTCH--XAVIER MATCH. Published caption: “The Public Schools 1934 Football season began yesterday when Scotch met Xavier on the Olympic Park ground, and after a wonderful recovery in the third term, Scotch registered a narrow win. Pictured above is the crowd of Scotch boys who congregated behind the goal after the addition of another goal to their score.” Description: Scotch College pupils exuberantly cheer their team’s goal at the first football match of the Public Schools Premiership and Championship for 1934 between Scotch College and Xavier College at Olympic Park, Melbourne (where AAMI Park is now). Research by project volunteer, Fiona Collyer: The Public Schools Premiership and Championship was an Australian Rules football tournament held every winter, over five weeks between six schools- Scotch College, Xavier College, Melbourne Grammar, Wesley College and traditional rivals Geelong Grammar and Geelong College. The school that won the most games out of the five played, won the competition. As the 1933 Premiers, Xavier College had the honour of playing the opening match of the season on 28 June against runners-up Scotch College at Olympic Park (where AAMI Park is now). The Public Schools Premiership matches were widely reported in Melbourne’s daily newspapers with photographs and commentary of every game. Weekly society magazine “Table Talk” featured reports and seven photographs of the first games of the season. Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) wireless station 3AR interspersed their afternoon program of reproduced music with detailed descriptions of the matches. Also reporting the matches was “Forty-Years-On”, presumably a student in the 1890s, whose regular column in The Herald newspaper “Activities In The Public Schools” published all the latest news on Victoria’s public (private) schools. In his column for The Australasian 7 July 1934, “Old Boy” writes about the Scotch versus Xavier match- “For more than half the game last week, Scotch was outplayed, but took the lead early in the last term and kept it. Scotch surprised even its own supporters by its dash in the last 25 minutes. Xavier, who became over confident by the prospects of victory, could not withstand the final onslaught. In the last quarter Scotch was the better side and won by seven points.” The final score was Scotch 11.11 (77 points) and Xavier 10.10 (70 points). At the end of this exciting match the overjoyed Scotch boys swarmed over the Olympic Park fences to chair their captain, Stanley Steele and carry him shoulder high, to the pavilion. The first documented game of a variation of Australian Rules football was played at Richmond Paddock (now Yarra Park) from 7 August 1858. Australian Rules football writer Hugh Buggy of The Argus 16 April 1952 explains- “It began when boys and masters of Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar School decided to play a 40-a-side game, with the first team to score two goals to be the winner. Goal posts were pitched more than a mile apart, one set on the Jolimont Hill and the other at Punt road Richmond. Nobody defined the boundary, and the play swung over the broad acres of the park and around the gum trees. It went on and on like a Test match, from noon till dusk. After 15 hours of play on three Saturdays the score was one goal all, and the game was abandoned for that season.” Rules of the game hadn’t been decided at this time - the earliest known rules were codified a year later in 1859. A sculpture and plaque located outside the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), created by sculptor Louis Laumen in 2001, commemorates this game. It depicts two school boys chasing a ball along with umpire Tom Wills, a co-writer of the rules and promoter of Australian Rules football. A medley of Gaelic football, an Aboriginal game called marngrook as well as football played in English public (that is private) schools have been cited as inspiration for Australian Rules football. The word “Marngrook” meaning “game ball”, comes from the language of the Gunditjmara, First Nations people of southwestern Victoria. Marngrook was played at gatherings and celebrations and involved players competing to jump and catch the ball after it is kicked high into the air. The player that catches the ball then gets to kick it. The ball was made from possum skin, filled with pounded charcoal and tied with kangaroo sinews. Protector of Aborigines in Victoria, William Thomas (1794-1867) observed in 1841- “The men and boys joyfully assemble when this game is to be played. One makes a ball of possum skin, somewhat elastic, but firm and strong… The players of this game do not throw the ball as a white man might do, but drop it and at the same time kick it with their feet, using the instep for that purpose. The tallest men have the best chances in this game. Some of them will leap as high as five feet from the ground to catch the ball. The person who secures the ball kicks it. This continues for hours and the natives never seem to tire of the exercise.” The Victorian Football League (VFL), was founded in 1897 with eight teams playing Australian Rules football and held its first Grand Final at the MCG in 1902. From the start the games attracted large enthusiastic crowds, which included women. “Viva” writing in the Supplement to The Weekly Times-3 July 1886- LADIES COLUMN (By Viva) FOOTBALL. A Social Sketch. “…Of the popularity of football and footballers among women, there can be no doubt. Young, soft hearted girls, who would not “tread upon a worm," avow that football matches are "awfully jolly," and seem to regard accidents as a necessary part of the amusement…a great proportion of the spectators were ladies.” “Minetta” writing for Punch Magazine - “Ladies Letter, Holmby House, Toorak” 22 June 1905 “The "Football Girl" is a feminine genus at present much to the fore in Melbourne. Not that she plays football—at least not beyond a kick in the backyard or paddock—oh, dear, no! Her interest in the game is purely from a spectacular point of view. "Football Girls" usually hunt in couples, with two male barrackers attached. They know all about So-and-So's form, and whether he is a trier or has been bought. They go to each match of their particular club, and watch the play intently, their faces wearing a decidedly strained expression when their club is getting the worst of it. They are not ashamed to barrack either, when matters are progressing successfully… Yours ever, MINETTA.” The Herald 2 July 1909 published a cartoon by Ambrose Dyson depicting women football fans, which asked- “THE QUESTION OF THE DAY. Should Girls Go To Football Matches? Should they? The sex made up their mind about the matter very early on.” The resounding answer was- “Well, I’d like to see the man that would stop me!” At the final match of the 1934 tournament on August 2, Melbourne Grammar finished the season unbeaten, winning their tenth Public Schools premiership in 16 years. The Weekly Times 11 August 1934 reported-“Melbourne Grammar…had a rather lucky escape against Xavier…Had a Xavier player not touched a shot, kicked by a team-mate, as it was going through goal Grammar would have been beaten.” Final score - Melbourne Grammar 13.7 (85 points) defeated Xavier College 12.9 (81 points). Ladder for the 1934 Season- Melbourne Grammar-5 wins Wesley College- 4 wins Scotch College- 3 wins Xavier College- 2 wins Geelong Grammar- 1 win Geelong College- 0 wins The Associated Public Schools of Victoria (APS) exists today where eleven member (private) schools, including co-educational schools, participate in 21 sporting competitions throughout the year. (The descriptor “Public School” references the historical usage of the term and the model of the British public school). PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL BEGINS WITH SCOTCH--XAVIER MATCH. (1934, June 29). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved June 18, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204824484 PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL AT OLYMPIC PARK (1934, July 5). Table Talk (Melbourne, Vic. : 1885 - 1939), p. 5. Retrieved June 18, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article149682433 PUBLIC SCHOOLS. (1934, June 29). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved June 3, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204824486 PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL. (1936, July 3). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 18. Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11888301 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Australian_rules_football COLLEGE SPORTS (1934, July 7). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 48 (METROPOLITAN EDITION). Retrieved May 30, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article145238393 GRAMMAR CHAMPIONS (1934, August 11). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 72. Retrieved June 1, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224562842 LETS LOOK AT FOOTBALL with HUGH BUGGY (1952, April 16). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 9. Retrieved June 15, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23174340 FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AMONG THE SCHOOLS. (1934, August 7). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 4. Retrieved June 14, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205521661 https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/australian-rules-football#:~:text=In%20the%20winter%20of%201858,games%20of%20Australian%20Rules%20football. https://apssport.org.au/about/ http://lindsaymagazine.co/from-marngrook-to-australian-rules-football/ https://collection.australiansportsmuseum.org.au/objects/70993/possum-skin-ball FOOTBALL. (1886, July 3). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 6 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE STORY TELLER). Retrieved September 7, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article221741193 Ladies' Letter. (1905, June 22). Punch (Melbourne, Vic. : 1900 - 1918; 1925), p. 28. Retrieved September 11, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175410975 THE QUESTION OF THE DAY. (1909, July 2). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 9. Retrieved September 17, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article242062970 Photographer notations on slide: "Scotch v Xavier - Olympic Park B42".schools, football

At the first match of the 1934 Public Schools Premiership and Championships at Olympic Park (where AAMI Park is now) between Scotch College (white shorts) and Xavier College, (black shorts) a mark is missed by Xavier players and then taken by a Scotch player. Research by project volunteer, Fiona Collyer: A crowd of schoolboys standing behind a picket fence, watch with anticipation as two teams contest a football at the goalposts. The Public Schools Premiership and Championship was an Australian Rules football tournament held every winter over five weeks between six schools- Scotch College, Xavier College, Melbourne Grammar, Wesley College and traditional rivals Geelong Grammar and Geelong College. The school that won the most games out of the five played, won the competition. As the 1933 Premiers, Xavier College had the honour of playing the opening match of the season on 28 June against runners-up Scotch College at Olympic Park (where AAMI Park is now). The Public Schools Premiership matches were widely reported in Melbourne’s daily newspapers with photographs and commentary of every game. Weekly society magazine “Table Talk” featured reports and seven photographs of the first games of the season. Australian Broadcasting Commission (ABC) wireless station 3AR interspersed their afternoon program of reproduced music with detailed descriptions of the matches. Also reporting the matches was “Forty-Years-On”, presumably a student in the 1890s, whose regular column in The Herald newspaper “Activities In The Public Schools” published all the latest news on Victoria’s public (private) schools. In his column for The Australasian 7 July 1934, “Old Boy” writes about the Scotch versus Xavier match: “For more than half the game last week, Scotch was outplayed, but took the lead early in the last term and kept it. Scotch surprised even its own supporters by its dash in the last 25 minutes. Xavier, who became over confident by the prospects of victory, could not withstand the final onslaught. In the last quarter Scotch was the better side and won by seven points.” The final score was Scotch 11.11 (77 points) and Xavier 10.10 (70 points). At the end of this exciting match the overjoyed Scotch boys swarmed over the Olympic Park fences to chair their captain, Stanley Steele and carry him shoulder high, to the pavilion. The first documented game of a variation of Australian Rules football was played at Richmond Paddock (now Yarra Park) from 7 August 1858. Australian Rules football writer Hugh Buggy of The Argus 16 April 1952 explains: “It began when boys and masters of Scotch College and Melbourne Grammar School decided to play a 40-a-side game, with the first team to score two goals to be the winner. Goal posts were pitched more than a mile apart, one set on the Jolimont Hill and the other at Punt road Richmond. Nobody defined the boundary, and the play swung over the broad acres of the park and around the gum trees. It went on and on like a Test match, from noon till dusk. After 15 hours of play on three Saturdays the score was one goal all, and the game was abandoned for that season.” Rules of the game hadn’t been decided at this time - the earliest known rules were codified a year later in 1859. A sculpture and plaque located outside the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG), created by sculptor Louis Laumen in 2001, commemorates this game. It depicts two school boys chasing a ball along with umpire Tom Wills, a co-writer of the rules and promoter of Australian Rules football. A medley of Gaelic football, an Aboriginal game called marngrook as well as football played in English public (that is private) schools have been cited as inspiration for Australian Rules football. The word “Marngrook” meaning “game ball”, comes from the language of the Gunditjmara, First Nations people of southwestern Victoria. Marngrook was played at gatherings and celebrations and involved players competing to jump and catch the ball after it was kicked high into the air. The player that catches the ball then gets to kick it. The ball was made from possum skin, filled with pounded charcoal and tied with kangaroo sinews. Protector of Aborigines in Victoria, William Thomas (1794-1867) observed in 1841- “The men and boys joyfully assemble when this game is to be played. One makes a ball of possum skin, somewhat elastic, but firm and strong… The players of this game do not throw the ball as a white man might do, but drop it and at the same time kick it with their feet, using the instep for that purpose. The tallest men have the best chances in this game. Some of them will leap as high as five feet from the ground to catch the ball. The person who secures the ball kicks it. This continues for hours and the natives never seem to tire of the exercise.” The Victorian Football League (VFL), was founded in 1897 with eight teams playing Australian Rules football and held its first Grand Final at the MCG in 1902. From the start the games attracted large enthusiastic crowds, which included women. “Viva” writing in the Supplement to The Weekly Times - 3 July 1886 LADIES COLUMN (By Viva) FOOTBALL. A Social Sketch. “…Of the popularity of football and footballers among women, there can be no doubt. Young, soft hearted girls, who would not “tread upon a worm," avow that football matches are "awfully jolly," and seem to regard accidents as a necessary part of the amusement…a great proportion of the spectators were ladies.” “Minetta” writing for Punch Magazine - “Ladies Letter, Holmby House, Toorak” 22 June 1905 “The "Football Girl" is a feminine genus at present much to the fore in Melbourne. Not that she plays football—at least not beyond a kick in the backyard or paddock—oh, dear, no! Her interest in the game is purely from a spectacular point of view. "Football Girls" usually hunt in couples, with two male barrackers attached. They know all about So-and-So's form, and whether he is a trier or has been bought. They go to each match of their particular club, and watch the play intently, their faces wearing a decidedly strained expression when their club is getting the worst of it. They are not ashamed to barrack either, when matters are progressing successfully… Yours ever, MINETTA.” The Herald 2 July 1909 published a cartoon by Ambrose Dyson depicting women football fans, which asked- “THE QUESTION OF THE DAY. Should Girls Go To Football Matches? Should they? The sex made up their mind about the matter very early on.” The resounding answer was- “Well, I’d like to see the man that would stop me!” At the final match of the 1934 tournament on August 2, Melbourne Grammar finished the season unbeaten, winning their tenth Public Schools premiership in 16 years. The Weekly Times 11 August 1934 reported-“Melbourne Grammar…had a rather lucky escape against Xavier…Had a Xavier player not touched a shot, kicked by a team-mate, as it was going through goal Grammar would have been beaten.” Final score - Melbourne Grammar 13.7 (85 points) defeated Xavier College 12.9 (81 points). Ladder for the 1934 Season- Melbourne Grammar-5 wins Wesley College- 4 wins Scotch College- 3 wins Xavier College- 2 wins Geelong Grammar- 1 win Geelong College- 0 wins The Associated Public Schools of Victoria (APS) exists today where eleven member (private) schools, including co-educational schools, participate in 21 sporting competitions throughout the year. (The descriptor “Public School” references the historical usage of the term and the model of the British public). PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL BEGINS WITH SCOTCH--XAVIER MATCH. (1934, June 29). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 11. Retrieved June 23, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204824484 PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL AT OLYMPIC PARK (1934, July 5). Table Talk (Melbourne, Vic. : 1885 - 1939), p. 5. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article149682433 PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOOTBALL. (1936, July 3). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 18. Retrieved May 30, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article11888301 PUBLIC SCHOOLS. (1934, June 29). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 5. Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article204824486 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Australian_rules_football COLLEGE SPORTS (1934, July 7). The Australasian (Melbourne, Vic. : 1864 - 1946), p. 48 (METROPOLITAN EDITION). Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article145238393 GRAMMAR CHAMPIONS (1934, August 11). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 72. Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224562842 LETS LOOK AT FOOTBALL with HUGH BUGGY (1952, April 16). The Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), p. 9. Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article23174340 FOR YOUNG PEOPLE AMONG THE SCHOOLS. (1934, August 7). The Age (Melbourne, Vic. : 1854 - 1954), p. 4. Retrieved August 6, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article205521661 https://www.nma.gov.au/defining-moments/resources/australian-rules-football#:~:text=In%20the%20winter%20of%201858,games%20of%20Australian%20Rules%20football. https://apssport.org.au/about/ http://lindsaymagazine.co/from-marngrook-to-australian-rules-football/ https://collection.australiansportsmuseum.org.au/objects/70993/possum-skin-ball FOOTBALL. (1886, July 3). Weekly Times (Melbourne, Vic. : 1869 - 1954), p. 6 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE STORY TELLER). Retrieved September 7, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article221741193 Ladies' Letter. (1905, June 22). Punch (Melbourne, Vic. : 1900 - 1918; 1925), p. 28. Retrieved September 22, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article175410975 THE QUESTION OF THE DAY. (1909, July 2). The Herald (Melbourne, Vic. : 1861 - 1954), p. 9. Retrieved September 22, 2025, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article242062970Photographer notations on slide: "Scotch v. Xavier - Olympic Park B42".football, schools

This wooden board has two differently designed sides: one with four strips running the length of the board and the other with seven strips of wood running across the width of the board. These strips and various ridges around the edge and in the 'lanes' assist players as they play card games. The attached booklets describe the sides as Squares (4 strips) or Streets (7 strips), which could be used to play a variety of card games described. On the Squares side: Carpet, Count Nogo, Frames and Poker Patience and on the Streets side: Triangles and Henley could be played in addition to the traditional game of Patience. The board was designed to be used with a distinct sized card (RNIB no. 9087) that could fit between the strips.Wooden board with card dividers with accompanying printed and braille booklet. recreation, games, royal national institute for the blind

Premiership cap presented to Hercules "Hec" Vollugi after Essendon won the 1901 premiership. Premiership caps were presented by both the VFA and the VFL until about 1924. The caps were traditionally made of navy silk. This one has had Essendon's colours embroidered on the peak in the shape of a shield. Vollugi was a fine wingman who played 70 games for Essendon from 1901 to 1906.Navy blue grosgrain silk cap with small peak; cap is divided into six segments separated by cream silk braid with navy button on top; embroidered badge in metallic and silk gold thread at front of cap; badge consists of monogram of interwined V F L with "Premiers" in a scroll beneath and "1901" beneath that; shield embroidered in red and black longstitch on peak. Cap is lined with "H. A. Vollugi 1901" handwritten in ink in centre."H. A. Vollugi 1901" is handwritten in ink on the inside of the cap

This bolero is part of a Greek national costume from the Peloponnese. Long-time Brighton resident Olga Black wore it to the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games to represent her Greek heritage. She remembers the stands at the MCG being full of migrants wearing their traditional national costumes. Olga Maria Black was born in Melbourne in 1930, the daughter of Ithacan migrants Constantine and Toula Mavrokefalos. Constantine first emigrated to Australia in 1902, returning to Greece circa 1912-13 to serve his home country in the Balkan Wars. Toula's family had left Ithaca for Romania when she was only six months old, but she happened to be visiting the island at the very time that Constantine arrived, fresh from the war. Within three weeks they were married, and when Constantine returned to Melbourne in 1914 his new bride came with him. Constantine had trained as an accountant, but his qualifications were not recognised in Australia. Changing his surname to the Anglicised "Black", he started off working in his older brother Dionysios's cafés before going into business on his own. In 1917 he opened the Paris Residential Café at 54-56 Swanston Street, which offered both dining and accommodation. The business saw some years of success, but did not survive the Great Depression. Constantine died in 1944. Olga's mother Toula learned to sew as a child, while growing up in the Romanian village of Brila. She developed her skills making lace and embroidering items for her trousseau. Some of the linen she embroidered had been woven from flax on Ithaca by her own grandmother, Efstathia. During the Depression, when money was scarce, Toula embroidered at home, doing work for a factory in Flinders Lane. Using a cotton reel, a threepence and a sixpence she created and embroidered designs on hundreds of blouses. Olga spent her preschool days sitting at the table where her mother worked. Toula would involve Olga by allowing her to help choose the colour combinations. Toula lived with Olga in Brighton until her death in 1976. Olga inherited her mother's sewing skills. She re-invented some of Toula’s trousseau nightdresses and skilfully altered other clothing, making dresses which she wore around Brighton for many years.Red velvet bolero decrated with gold stitching and braid. Lined with red satin. Stand collar which fastens with two metal hooks and eyes. bolero, jacket, greece, ithaca, migration, olympic games, 1956 olympic games, olga black

On the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Uniforms donator Doug wrote- During the 1980s the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of “Controller, Technical Marketing” where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the “Product Marketing Group” which exploited trhe traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. When the forthcoming Los Angeles Olympic Games was announced, the Product Marketing Group seized upon the chance to show the world that we could make top fashion garments and display them on our elite athletes on the world stage. A concept was launched using a contemporary top designer, Adel Weiss, with the most exclusive fabrics and knits available, and all with a lot of hype. This launch failed dismally for the following reasons- - The designer did a wonderful job presenting an excellent fashion range on perfect skinny models. The AOC however wanted a uniform which had an obvious Australian appearance when fitted to elite, and frequently muscular, athletes. - The fabrics chosen did not reflect the performance required by travelling athletes, there was no recognition of the need for ‘easy care.’ - There was no recognition given to the problem of measuring, manufacturing and distribution of a range of articles when the selected athlete could be domiciled anywhere in Australia. - There was no appreciation of such historical facts as Fletcher Jones, who had been unofficial suppliers dating back to the 1954 Olympics in Melbourne, and the Fletcher Jones board member, who was also an AWC board member, and was not in favour of the change. The project passed from Product Marketing to Public Relations, a big spending off-shoot of the AWC Chairman David Asimus, and due to the day to day operations of the project was passed to me and PR took care of the financial matters. The first task was to meet with the AOC and find out exactly their requirements. This lead to the production of a design and manufacturing brief, cointaining exact time lines for each event required to ensure an appropriate uniform on every athlete chosen to represent his/her country on the date given for the Opening Ceremony in Los Angeles. Working backwards the timeline becomes- 1. Noted the exact date of the Opening Ceremony. 2. Estimated the date for distributing completed garments to each athlete. 3. Estimated the time span available for measuring each athlete and commence making each component of the ensemble to the individual measurements of each athlete. 4. Decided the date for making the final choice of uniform design concept. 5. Decided the date for distribution of the design brief to selected designers. These five steps were spread out over a two year period. The Commonwealth Games occur midway between each Olympic Games, work on the Olympic uniform commences the week after the Commonwealth Games closing ceremony and MUST be ready by the prescribed day two years hence. The project also had to remain cognisant of trade politics existing within the span of the task, as well as the temperament of designers in general. It is no overstatement to say that in the past every designer in Australia believed they could, and should, be chosen to design the Australian Uniform. The final choice of designer almost always faced criticism from the fashion press and any designer who had been overlooked. However, with the contenders receiving an exacting brief the numbers of serious contenders greatly reduced. The Los Angeles Olympic Uniforms. A further reason for the AWC bid failure to design the LA uniform was that the AOC had already chosen Prue Acton to design it. This was based on her proven performance during previous games as she had a talent for creating good taste Australiana. Her design concepts also considered the effect when they were viewed on a single athlete as well as the impact when viewed on a 400 strong team coming on to the arena. A blazer trouser/skirt uniform in bright gold was chosen for the formal uniform. It was my task to select a pure wool faille fabric from Foster Valley weaving mill and have sufficient woven and ready within the prescribed timeline. The trouser/skirt fabric selected was a 60/40 wool polyester plain weave fabric from Macquarie Worsted. This fabric had a small effect thread of linen that was most attractive when dyed to match some eucalyptus bark Prue had brought back from central Australia. For the Opening Ceremony uniform, Prue designed a series of native fauna, a kookaburra for the men’s shirt and a pleated skirt with a rural scene of kangaroos, hills and plants. This presented an insurmountable printing challenge to the local printing industry as it had an unacceptably large repeat size and the number required (50) was also commercially unacceptable. The solution was a DIY mock up at RMIT and the employment of four student designers. The fabric selected for this garment was a light weight 19 micron, pure wool with a very high twist yarn in alternating S and Z twist, warp and weft. This fabric proved to be the solution to a very difficult problem, finding a wool product which is universally acceptable when worn next to the sin by young athletes competing in the heat of a Los Angeles summer. Modifications to this fabric were developed to exploit its success when facing the same problem in future games. Garment Making- The most exacting garment in the ensemble is the tailored blazer, plus the related trouser/skirt. Unfortunately tailoring athletes that come in various shapes and sizes such as; - Weight lifters develop an enormous chest, arms and neck size. A shirt made to a neck size of 52 would produce a shirt with cuffs extending well beyond the wearer’s hands. - Basketball players are up to 7 feet tall and garments relying ona chest measurement grading would produce a shirt with cuffs extending only to elbow length. - Swimmers develop enormous shoulders and slim hips, cyclists by contrast develop thighs I liken to tree trunks and a uniform featuring tight trousers must be avoided at all cost. Suffice to say many ensembles require specialist ‘one off’ treatment for many athletes. Meanwhile there is a comfortable in between group who can accept regular sizes so you can cater for these by having back up stock with plenty of built in contingencies. Athletes may be domiciled anywhere in Australia, this creates a fundamental problem of taking their measurements. The Fletcher Jones organisation was key to answering this problem due to their presence in every capital city, as well as many provincial towns around Australia. Each athlete on being selected for the Olympic Team was simultaneously requested to visit their nearest Fletcher Jones shop. The standardised measurement data collected was shared with the other manufacturers, e.g. Pelaco Shirts, Holeproof Socks and Knitwear, Maddison Belts, and even Hush Puppy Shoes. As the time for the Games approached the AOC made arrangements for combining meeting of all. Selected available athletes at the Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, where, among other things, they were fitted and supplied with their uniform. The method evolved as follows.Men’s cream coloured button up, collared shirt. Images of a kookaburra have been printed onto the shirt, a single kookaburra on the left breast and a pair of kookaburras on the reverse of the shirt. The kookaburras are printed in a brown tone to complement the cream colour of the fabric.On tag - FMaustralian wool corporation, 1984 los angeles olympics, olympic uniforms, men's uniforms, sport, athletes

This paper lantern was used by Australian athletes in the ‘Lantern Dance’, the last program of the closing ceremony, the lantern is called “Ch’ong sa ch’orong” and is traditionally used during weddings and festivals.When closed the lantern appears as a large, red spiral bound book with detailed inscriptions describing the way to correctly use the lantern in the ceremony. This description appears in several languages as well as a drawn depiction. When opened latticed crepe paper forms a cylinder. The two thirds of the paper is dyed dyed blue and the last third is dyed red. A small battery pack is used to light the lantern.GAMES OF THE XXIVTH OLYMPIAD SEOUL 1988 o The last program of the Closing Ceremony is called “Lantern Dance”. When all the performers enter the stadium holding lanterns, turn the paper board inside out and press the ends so that they snap shut. This will then allow the lanterns to light up. Hold the lantern by the handle at the centre and gently rock it above your head as shown in the picture. o Listen to the announcements via the ear-phones and follow the signals from the guides for further instructions. o* This lantern is called “Ch’ong sa ch’orong” and was traditionally used during weddings and festivals. This inscription is repeated several times in various languages on the cover of the lantern.1988 seoul olympic games, closing ceremony, lantern dance

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool's superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.8144.1 - Men's cream coloured shorts. Manufactured from a cotton and wool blend fabric. 8144.2 - Cream fabric sample with labels attached. 8144.3 - Cream fabric sample. 8144.4 - Cream fabric sample.8144.1 - On label- FLETCHER JONES 60% Wool, 40% Cotton 8144.2 - Stapled label- WOOL COTTON 50:50 STRETCH1992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform

For almost 40 years, Michael Walsh has been working alongside Indigenous people: documenting language, music and other traditional knowledge, acting on behalf of claimants to land in the Northern Territory, and making crucial contributions to the revitalisation of Aboriginal languages in NSW. This volume, with contributions from his colleagues and students, celebrates his abiding interest in and commitment to Indigenous society with papers in two broad themes. ?Language, identity and country? addresses the often complex relations between Aboriginal social groups and countries, and linguistic identity. In ?Language, identity and social action? authors discuss the role that language plays in maintaining social identities in the realms of conversation, story-telling, music, language games, and in education. ?Language and Social Identity in Australian Indigenous Communities? will be of interest to students of linguistics, Indigenous studies, anthropology, and sociology. Contents: 1. Introduction /? Rod Gardner ... [et al.] 2. Michael Walsh : a personal reflection /? Ros Fraser 3. Place and property at Yintjingga/?Port Stewart under Aboriginal Law and Queensland Law /? Bruce Rigsby and Diane Hafner 4. Linguistic identities in the eastern Western Desert : the Tindale evidence /? Peter Sutton Juwaliny : dialectal variation and ethnolinguistic identity in the Great Sandy Desert /? Sally Dixon 6. Who were the 'Yukul'? and who are they now? /? Brett Baker 7. Colonisation and Aboriginal concepts of land tenure in the Darwin region /? Mark Harvey 8. Aboriginal languages and social groups in the Canberra region : interpreting the historical documentation /? Harold Koch 9. The Kuringgai puzzle : languages and dialects on the NSW Mid Coast /? Jim Wafer and Amanda Lissarrague 10. Dawes' Law generalised : cluster simplification in the coastal dialect of the Sydney language /? David Nash 11. Space, time and environment in Kala Lagaw Ya /? Lesley Stirling 12. Turn management in Garrwa mixed-language conversations /? Ilana Mushin and Rod Gardner 13. Laughter is the best medicine : roles for prosody in a Murriny Patha conversational narrative /? Joe Blythe 14. Collaborative narration and cross-speaker repetition in Umpila and Kuuku Ya'u /? Clair Hill 15. Co-narration of a Koko-Bera story : giants in Cape York Peninsula /? Paul BlackMaps, b&w photographs, charts, word listslanguage and identity, language maintenance, language and culture, language and country

SUNDAY SCHOOL DEMONSTRATION. With three times three we coo-ee, The Prince we meet again; Our Princess May we welcome, With heart and voice amain. This was the welcome of the children of the Melbourne Sunday schools. The greeting came from over 30,000 youthful voices to the accompaniment of as many waving flags of diminutive size, held by the children. Probably not one of those who sang so lustily had witnessed the previous visit of his Royal Highness; or knew anything of it except as a traditional event, but the sentiment was a good and proper one all the same. The children were massed on the rising ground in the Domain, and apparently the long wait was not at all wearying. It was to most of them a huge picnic. They lunched on the grass, and filled in the intervening lime with games such as the juvenile heart delights in. At intervals something approaching order, was observed, and then songs, which have been in rehearsal for some weeks past, were sung under the baton of Mr. D. R. Davies, musical director, and to the lead of a united brass band of over a hundred instrumentalists under Bandmaster E; T. Code. A solo was also sung by Mr. H. J. Floyd. At all times the scene was an exceedingly animated one. Most of the children were attired in light costumes, and those in whose dress there was some color provided the necessary variety to make up a most picturesque scene. Probably there were nearly 35,000 adults and children at this spot. They occupied the frontage to St. Kilda-road, from Government House gates to the intersecting thoroughfare beyond. As the children were confined to the high ground, there was a green strip in front of them, and the dark green of the fir trees at the top of the slope made a most suitable background. Between these two lines of even coloring the children, with the easy freedom of youth, made perhaps as pretty a feature of the pageant as could be found anywhere in the whole route of the procession." (The Age, Tues 7 May 1901, p.6)This tiny battered piece of ephemera recording the United Sunday School Demonstration of 1901 must once have been exceedingly common, however in the context of the growing collection that the Society has relating to the opening of the first Commonwealth Parliament in Melbourne it has historic and social significance.Embossed red leather bookmark commemorating the 'United Sunday Schools Demonstration' in St Kilda Road in 1901 to welcome the Prince and Princess of Wales to open the first Commonwealth Parliament in the Royal Exhibition Building."United Sunday Schools Demonstration, Melbourne Australia, Melbourne May 6 1901"opening of the first commonwealth parliament - 1901, sunday schools - victoria, federation events - victoria - 1901, ephemera

The Kew Historical Society’s collection includes a wide range of leisure objects. Many of the items are European-made, generally of British origin, however there are a number that were made for the Australian market by Australian manufacturers. In the Nineteenth and Twentieth centuries, there were large numbers of games produced for children and adults. These included: arcade games, board games, playing cards and puzzles. A representative sample, many now rare survivors, can be found in the collection.Children's table game. Probably made in Germany c.1926. On the box is "Ges.Gesch" which is German for trademark registered. The box includes patterns and multicoloured glass marbles. The aim of the game is to arrange the beads in the holes of the pattern. The box pictures four children playing the game. Rules: BASIC RULES There can be two aims to the game - the first to clear the board of all the pieces and the second to try and position the pieces into a specific pattern. The playing surface is a special board and set of pegs or marbles made of ivory, bone, wood and later plastic. The traditional French board is octagonal and has 37 holes to accomodate the same number of pegs. the traditional English board is circular and has 33 holes or hollows, usually to accomodate the same number of marbles (33). Often there is a channel running around the outer edge to hold eliminated pieces. Some games required all the pieces, others only a certain number. The pieces are positioned before the start of the game.Box cover: "Gloria Mosaic. Ges.Gesch"gloria mosaic, games and puzzles

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980s the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing, where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool's superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.The shirt is sleeveless and in majority cream coloured. Around the hem, buttons and across the front of the shoulders is an appliqued floral design of Australian flowers and leaves inspired by the designs of artist Margaret Preston. The appliqued pattern continues around the bottom hem but not over the shoulders of the shirt.1992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, artwork, drawing, uniform

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.8124.1 - The blouse is cream with an Australian floral design inspired by the work of artist Margaret Preston. The blouse has a scoop neck, cream buttons and small triangular cut outs on the sleeves. The shoulder seam runs to the points of the triangle and another across the back of the shoulders to create a rounded design. 8124.2 - Floral print fabric sample, this sample is cut in the shape of the front panel of the blouse but is unsewn. 8124.3 - Floral fabric sample. 8124.4 - Floral fabric sample. 8124.5 - Floral fabric sample.BARCELONA 19921992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.A long sleeve cream coloured dress shirt with a detachable printed neck tie. The neck tie is decorated in an Australian floral design inspired by the artist Margaret Preston. The shirt has two breast pockets and double sets of cream buttons. The rear of the shirt is unadorned. 8124.4 - Floral fabric sample. 8124.5 - Floral fabric sample.BARCELONA 19921992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to  spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.Olive green knit vest with gold buttons. On the left breast is the Australian emblem with the Olympic rings and "Barcelona 1992" underneath it.BARCELONA 19921992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to  spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.Olive green knit vest with gold toned buttons. On the left breast is the Australian emblem with the Olympic rings and "Barcelona 1992" underneath it. The buttons are textured with lines.BARCELONA 19921992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform

About the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games donor Doug Pleasance wrote- During the 1980's the Australian wool industry was at its most prosperous times with record numbers of sheep producing wool receiving ever increasing values due to the success of the Reserve Price Scheme, and the overall guidance of the Australian Wool Corporation (AWC). As a humble technician, my role was a low profile newly created position of Controller, Technical Marketing where wool was to be marketed on its technical properties, as distinct from the Product Marketing Group which exploited the traditional high profile approach of marketing wool;s superior fashion attributes. The Woolmark was the tool central to this approach. The 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games saw an evolutionary change in designer selection. A Declaration of Interest Form was communicated to over forty potential designers. The task and especially tight timelines that were involved deterred many aspirants, however, there remained eight designers with the potential we were seeking. These eight designers were paid $3,000 per submission and the winning designer, Wendy Powitt, was paid $15,000. For the first time the judging panel included two athletes, one male swimmer and one female basketballer, their influence was pivotal. The ensemble consisted of three elements- 1. The Official Uniform which was used for travel and all official functions. This included: a tailored blazer and trouser/skirt (all water repellent) by Fletcher Jones, pure wool olive-green faille fabric by Foster Valley, cotton PE formal shirt by Pelaco, pure wool knitwear by Spangaro, printed wool tie by TD Noone, wool nylon socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 2. Opening Ceremony Uniform a lightweight wool fabric printed with floral designs that had been inspired by the work of Australian artist Margaret Preston. This included: Lightweight W/PE shorts by Fletcher Jones in Foster Valley Fabric, socks by Holeproof and footwear by Hush Puppy. 3. Village Clothing was designed to be highly visible garments to make it easy to  spot the Aussie and helped to contribute to good team spirit. This included: A pure wool shirt featuring blocks of contrasting colours, and a newly developed stretch 50:50 wool/cotton fabric by Bradmill was made into shorts and jeans by Fletcher Jones.Olive green vest with two pocket decorations on the lower front of the vest. Underneath the pocket is the Australian emblem, below which are the Olympic rings and the inscription "BARCELONA 1992."BARCELONA 19921992 barcelona olympics, sport, athletes, fashion, design, uniform