Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a blue and gold label. Title: Sometime Artist: Franklyn Baur, tenor, solo Publisher: Imperial Records Number:1547 Size: 14 inchWhite paper stamp with gold, red and green printflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, imperial record, 1547, sometime, tenor solo, franklyn baur, 14 inch

Black & White postcard of Bendigo Conservatory Gardens showing Court House and two statues. Valentine's Series No 1547.Valentine's Publishing Co Queen st Melbournebendigo, buildings, court house

Heraldry in white richelieu work. The Arms of Francis I of France and his wife La Reine Claude (Swan and Arrow) 1494-1547 Stitches used are buttonhole, satin stitch, seeding, four sided. Picots and spider webs, some needle weaving.embroidery, heraldry, late 19th century, france, cutwork

By referring to Cat No 7237.2 will bring up all items associated with Thompsons.Single sheet of paper. Tests on material for 150 Breech blocks for QF 17 PDR Guns. From: Thompson's Engineering & Pipe Co. Ltd. dated 19/10/1942. To: Ministry of Munitions A/C Ordnance Factory Maribyrnong. The tests cover Breech Blocks. (1508 - 1513) (1542 - 1547) (1554 - 1559) (1560 - 1565) (1571 - 1575) (1582 - 1587) Signed off at bottom by (??) Martin.17 pdr a/tn gun, steel testing, ww2

Dross Drossou established a cordial factory in Orbost in the 1930s. He sold his cordial manufacturing business to Phillips and Stone, a Bairnsdale company, in 1948. Glass bottles were refillable until the 1960s, creating a demand for their collection and onsale back to beverage manufacturers via ‘bottle merchants’. A deposit on the bottles was added to all sales as they left the factory. The returned bottles were washed and the old label removed. The inside was cleaned by pushing the bottle onto a revolving brush. The reusing of the bottles went on until the bottle was broken or the top became chipped. This bottle is an example of a product manufacture by a local industry no longer existing.A clear glass soda syphon bottle. It has a red syphon pump.D.DROSSOU, ORBOST Soda Watersyphon-bottle drosseau

Studio photograph of a young girl in knee length frock with lace collar, puffed sleeves and button up boots. Standing beside a wicker chair and plant stand, mounted under glass in a brown wooden frame with gold edging upon a grey card with cream inside border, markings upon photo read 'Allan Paris Panel, 318 Smith Street, Collingwood'Allan Paris Panelperson, individual, portrait, young girl, allan paris, portraits

Photograph of a group of men 'returning from war'. Back row [marked with red tick] is Jack Partington. Digital copy of black and white photograph.world war ii, returned soldiers

webbing blackuniform, army

Port of Portland Authority archives.Front: (no inscriptions) Back: (no inscriptions)

Negative No. 265 and colour print made by colour laser printer (stored in folder ) of a head on shot of No. 39 in front of the Geelong depot, by Geoff Grant on 2/4/1955 while on an Australian Electric Traction Association tour. Other trams in view are 1 and 17. .1 - Copy large format print from Lloyd Rogers collection via Robert Green 2/2014. Added 4-4-2019 - 2 copies added. Original negative scanned at hi res 18/5/2020 and image updated.On small copy ex Robert Green in ink "Geelong car shed, 2-4-1955, ARHS Neg" On large print in pencil "Geelong 2-4-1955"trams, tramways, geelong, aeta, depot, tram 39 tram 1 tram 17

sunshine district centre, sunshine

A blue coloured cardboard cover with black information on the front. Top right hand corner reads DSN 7610-66-034-9289. Under the Australian Army Insignia are the details of the booklet. There are two punch holes down the left hand side and the booklet is cover with a plastic cover.booklet, australian army, infantry training, infantry platoon weapons, grenades and pyrotechnics

Three-piece Soap Dish. Bowl strainer and lid with handle. Cream with Green Edgingstawell

Depicts the blending room (where fibres were blended prior to carding) from one of the Godfrey Hirst mills in 1966. In 1966 McKendrick Consolidated Industries Ltd purchased Godfrey Hirst Ltd to operate a carpet manufacturing concern and this photo was taken at the time of the takeover.Proof IAN HAWTHORNE / PHOTOGRAPHER / Commercial, Portrait, Wedding, Colour Processor / Upstairs, 140 Moorabool St., Geelong Ph. 98096godfrey hirst and co. pty ltd, blending, carding

Made for Robur to store their TeaAn embossed plated metal tea caddy which has been painted cream with a blue lid. "It will keep its colour and last a lifetime". Plain rectangle tin painted cream with a blue lid.Robour Tea No 2 Grade net weighttea, caddy, tin

Instruction - 3 pages - duplicated foolscap sheets - headed "MMTB Engineering Department - Workshops and Running Shed Branch" - titled "RC1 and RC2 remote control unit boxes - Electrical Mechanics Procedure" Details electrical work to be done on the rostered day in for RC1 and RC2 remote control unit boxes maintenance, checks, adjustments, safety, testing and closing the boxes. Dated May 1970.trams, tramways, depot, safety, workshops, electrical equipment, instructions, procedures, controllers

Won by Linton Fire Brigade. Found on Linton tip by James Wishart in the 1960s . Mr Wishart donated the goblet to LDHS shortly before his death in 1982.Silver plated goblet with ornate flower and bird pattern on bowl."Won by- Linton Fire Brigade- D. McMillan. G. Bennett. W. G. Sullivan. P. Wishart". On base: "211".linton fire brigade, d. mcmillan, g. bennett, w. sullivan., p. wishart