Thomas Edison (1847–1931), an American, invented the phonograph in 1877, making it possible to record sound waves vertically and reproduce them on a wax cylinder so they could be heard again. Later, the German American, Emile Berliner (1851-1929), improved on Edison’s principles, greatly increasing the quality of the reproduced sounds with his invention of the gramophone in 1887, which recorded the sound waves laterally onto a flat shellac disc, or ‘record’. Records could be mass-produced in a factory where audio recordings were converted to a physical copy of that recording on a plate-sized disc. A gramophone machine reproduced the sound by spinning the record on a turntable at a specified number of rotations per minute (RPM) and using a stylus or needle to transfer the vibration via a membrane to a speaker, which amplified the sound. Berliner helped set up affiliated businesses overseas. One of his representatives was William Barry Owen (1860–1914), who, on 23 February 1889, partnered with Edmund Trevor Lloyd Williams (1859–1946) in England to register The Gramophone Company. His Master’s Voice (HMV) soon became the company’s major recording label, popular worldwide. The business based the label's logo of a dog looking into a gramophone horn for ‘his master’s voice’ was based on a painting by English artist Francis Barraud, which featured a terrier called Nipper beside a gramophone. Early gramophone records were mostly made from a material referred to as shellac, a natural ingredient combined with slate powder, and a filler of manilla copal, wood resin, carnauba wax, and carbon black. Although Bakelite seemed a useful, synthetic product, it was unsuccessful as a product for records. Around the time of World War II, lightweight, flexible synthetic vinyl records began replacing shellac records. Common diameters of records: 7 inch, 10 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch Revolutions Per Minute include: 33 1/3, 45, 78 Minutes per side of record: 3, 5.5, 7, 8, 9, 12, 15 and 22 Labels, in minutes per side: Single Play 3-5 min, Extended Play (EP) 7-12 min, Long Play (LP) 12-22 min This gramophone represents a step in the evolution of recording sound. In the 19th century, the human voice was first recorded on wax cylinders and replayed. It was the beginning of a new era in sound. Then, in the 1880s, voice could be recorded onto flat discs like this record, reliably reproduced and replayed many times, even on portable devices. Later, in the mid-20th century the following generation of electronic audio recording began, and later that century, digital recording gave even better reproduction. The record represents a popular means of entertainment for personal and social activities, as well as in some businesses. Shellac gramophone record with a black and gold label. Title: When The Red, Red Robin Artist: Sammy Lanin and his Orchestra Publisher: Lincoln Record Corporation, N.Y. Number:2528 Size: 10 inchflagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime village, maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, shipwreck coast, great ocean road, gramophone, phonograph, sound waves, record, reproduction, audio record, music, sound, thomas edison, emile berliner, 1887, shellac, rpm, william barry owen, edmund trevor lloyd williams, the gramophone company, his master’s voice, hmv, francis barraud, nipper, lincoln record corporation, new york, 2528, when the red red robin, sammy lanin and his orchestra, 10 inch

Black and white photograph of the "new" and "old" tramway emergency vehicles side by side at South Melbourne depot - when the new vehicle was being fitted out and equipment Shows the registration numbers of the vehicle. These are known by their radio call signs R10. See 1004 and 2528 for other photos.Yields information about the Tramway Emergency vehicle R10.Black and white photograph with staple marks around border.tramways, trams, emergency, mmtb, r10 vehicle, recovery, aec, south melbourne depot

This item was donated after the death of Judy Walcott.This item is a useful reference tool.A book of 1103 pp with brown/cream cover, titled " VICTORIAN MUNICIPAL DIRECTORY and GAZETEER WATER SUPPLY DISTRICTS & WATERWORKS TRUST RECORD WITH THE COMMONWEALTH GUIDE FOR 1942 SEVENTY-SEVENTH YEAR OF PUBLICATION". Print is black.book directory gazeteer melbourne-municipal-directory

Class photograph from Greensborough Primary School No.2062. Student names are identified on back of photo.Digital copy of black and white group photograph Names identified on back of photograph.greensborough state school, greensborough primary school

Cap badge brass, Royal Dutch Army Pioneer Battalion. Helmet, with crossed pick and shovel.badge/buttons, army

Newspaper. Bendigo Advertiser. No. 1, Vol. 1, Friday Dec 9, 1853. Double sided A3 size newspaper. First edition of Bendigo Advertiser. First inland journal published in Victoria. Contains varying advertisements and one marriage of William Jackson and Jemima Markwell. (William Jackson should read William Nelson). See attached file for further information on Nelson/Markwell wedding. Printed by R R Haverfield, Friday Dec 9 1853. G Lea written in pen on back page of newspaper. Also an envelope written on in blue pen - 1st edition, Mrs Lea, Bendigo Advertiser.' Marie Meurer, Garsed Street' written on top LH corner of paper, in ink. On display at library 21.2.2019, returned.newspaper, bendigo, the bendigo advertiser

Yellow Tin, months printed in red "With Compliments of W.K.Munachen" Phone 55

Newspaper article The Age: 18 September 1926

Leaflet. Propaganda A5 size with English information on one side and Vietnamese on the other side. The leaflet has stain marks and has tares from being folded . The leaflet has yellowing with black print. To the Anti-War American Servicemen! Consisting of preamble followed by pre-emptive position statemant including a ser of 3 steps of action. Conclusion - request for actionleaflet, propaganda, vietnam war, 1961-1975 - psychological aspects, sgt a moylan, 4 platoon, b coy, 7 rar, 7th battalion, 16063, royal australian infantry corps, arnold george moylan

PHOTOGRAPH OF NELL OLIVER AS A SMALL CHILDPHOTOGRAPH OF CHILD IN LACE GOWN SITTING ON FLORAL CHAIRNELL OLIVER. CLUNESlocal history, photography, photograph,

Set of nine Black and white postcards, from drawings, contained within Reg. Item 2526, pages 4 and 6 of early Ballarat, glued or pasted into the book. A lot of the postcards have edge damage. Include Sturt St., Black Hill, Ballarat Fire Station, Central State School, Wesley Church and Botanical Gardens, Mechanics Institute, Benevolent Asylum, Orphan Asylum, Ballarat East Town Hall, Academy of Music. Date of drawings - prior to 1870's?. trams, tramways, ballarat, sturt st, fire station, schools, wesley church, mechanics institute, orphanage

Primary School 502 Honour Plaque 1914-18 WW1stawell education

Parting gift from Corporal D L Knight to Technical Support Troop (TST) 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles. TST provided first line repair and recovery to armoured unit.Representative of gifts given by departing members of the regimentWooden board with decorative spanner mounted.Presented to / TST 8/13 VMR / by Cpl D L Knighttechnical support troop (tst), knight d l

Black and White Photograph of a R10 possibly at the time of the vehicle entering service. See Reg Item 1004 for another photograph of the changeover. The previous vehicle can be seen on the left hand edge of the photograph. Taken at Preston workshops. Shows the registration numbers of the vehicle. These are known by their radio call signs R10.On the rear of the photograph has in pencil "R10 truck - MMTB".trams, tramways, emergency, recovery, mmtb, r10 vehicle, international, south melbourne depot

This is a commemorative local history book, published by the Council which provides a comprehensive historical overview of Footscray after its founding in 1859.....at the turn of a century .... 1859..1959. There are messages from the Premier of Victoria, Henry E Bolte, M.L.A. and the Mayor, Councillor Walter E Richards.footscray, yarraville, history

This is one of an original pair.Trench Art. Brass shell casing, made into a vase. The top has been flared out, near the top has 3 rolled folds around the diameter. On each side are ornamental handles. Inside is a plastic cylinder to hold water. The surface has been given a roughened appearance going from a bronze colour to black.military history - souvenirs, arms - ordnance, metalcraft- brassware

Black and white photograph of the "new" and "old" tramway emergency vehicles side by side at South Melbourne depot - would appear the new vehicle is being fitted out and equipment possibly being transferred. Shows the registration numbers of the vehicle. These are known by their radio call signs R10. See Winter 1981 Metra News for the story behind the photo - Reg Item 1026.5 Reference added 17-9-2015. See also Reg Item 2528 for another photo, possibly done at the same time and 6731 for a photo without people of equipment.trams, tramways, emergency, recovery, mmtb, r10 vehicle, aec, south melbourne depot

Document. Green book containing weight of gold, advance payment and value of gold. 7 loose pages and 2 coupons held in the book with clip. Deborah Extended Gold Mining Company No Liability stamped on stamp edges and stuck on the front of the book. Office copy of a receipt for the delivery of 1 load of pyritesto be carried to Victor Leggo Mining co.. Letter regarding sampling of pyrites at the Deborah Extended Mine, showing the results of the samples. 2 receipts from the English Scottish & Australian bank of monetary debits, along with the assay report from the Royal Mint Melbourne Branch. 2 receipts from the English Scottish & Australian Bank for the deposit of monies into the account of Deborah Extended Mining co., and a receipt from the Royal mint Melbourne Branch for the assay of gold sent. Letter from Victor Leggo Mining Co. No. 2528, Re the purchase of gold from the Deborah Extended mine showing the assay results and payment due. Letter from Victor Leggo Mining co., No.2542, re purchase of gold from Deborah Extended Mine and payment amount due. Weighbridge receipt from city of Bendigo indicating the weight of the service.Report regarding a pyrites sample showing the tonnage of the sample. Paper indicating the results of a Fire assay and checks for gold, Docket no. E 566.McColl, Rankin & Stanistreetorganization, business, deborah extended mine, mccoll, rankin & stanistreet, deborah extended gmc n l, gold mining, gold book

ESCo Employee Hours Work Record book that has been used by an ESCo/SEC inspector, H. P. James as a record / note book for his personal collection or papers or journal titled "Out of the Past". Book sewn with string in 36 page sections, blank end papers, board covers with stipple paper out sides and Rexene cloth binding. Comprising plain paper end papers and 104 printed pages (52 leaves), with each sheet printed in black on feint ruled paper for recording the hours worked and other details of drivers and conductors employed by ESCo. Printed for daily use, with Day and date page headings - made out for the 1930's. Images: Book - i1 Inside front cover - i2 Members Certificate - i3 Has been used to gather mementos such as photos, articles, newspaper clippings, letters and other miscellaneous documents on Ballarat local history. Newspaper cuttings etc often have side notes written by Mr. James. Inside front cover has certificate recording Mr. James membership to the Ballarat Historical Society for 1940. Receipt signed by Edward Crimmins. Also a newspaper cutting on the cost of pensions to Lord Nelson's family. On facing page a photo of Queen Elizabeth, a printer colour cover or sheet about Walt Disney's "Pinocchio", a newspaper cutting regarding Father's Day and a black and white photograph of a young girl in a hospital carriage being pushed by a man. Pages numbered odd numbers only in the top right hand corner in pencil. Primary items are: 1 - Coloured cover to a writing tablet, titled "Australian Birds". Underlying this on the back of the writing tablet is two newspaper cuttings: the Ballarat Historical Society - reports on the 6th Annual meeting of the Society. 3 - Photo of the pattern Ballaarat Horse Tram company tram outside the Duncan and Fraser's Carriage Works in Adelaide with hand written notes underneath, including a sketch of a horse tram drivers seat - see Reg. Item 2527. 4, 6 - Group of nine black and white printed cards (15 illustrations) of early Ballarat pasted onto the sheet - see Reg. Item 2528. 5, 7 & 9 - Printed notes titled "Valedictory to Bob Haines" - see Reg. Item 2529. On page 9 in the left hand margin, a printed list of Church Officers; Church of England. 8 - Newspaper cuttings titled "The Heralds Man's Quiz" and the answers adjacent. City of Ballaarat - Public Inoculation Depot - Influenza form for HP James of ESCo - See Reg. Item 2530. Page Numbering from this point changes - even numbers in top right hand corner of folios instead of odd numbers. 9A - Newspaper cuttings about a Theatre Show, 54 years service of Mr. E. R. Bodycomb (Ballarat Gas) and planting of trees in the Avenue of Honour - with a red line around H. P. James names and a reproduction of the opening photograph of ESCo Electric Trams - noting 30 years ago - See Reg. Item 310.2. ESCo 4d Ticket - Purple - Grenville St to Sebastopol Terminus - See Reg Item 2531. ESCo 3d Adult Transfer Ticket - See Reg. Item 2532. Illustration - cartoon - H.P. James - See Reg. Item 2533. 10 - Newspaper cutting "From Horse Tram to Trolley Bus" - See Reg Item 2534. Newspaper cutting "Melbourne's First Tramcars" - See Reg Item 2535. An inscription or written note from T. Thomas etc. on lower edge of the sheet. 11,12 - Newspaper cuttings about the Passing of Melbourne's Cable Trams, including a photo of cable trailer No. 1 - See Reg. Item 2536. Other cuttings about early residents of the Ballarat district. 13 - Newspaper cutting dated 2/5/1936 about the donation from the CTA to the Ballarat Hospital. 14 - Newspaper cuttings - Photo of Ballarat Bicycle and Tricycle Club in the Gardens, the issue of a stamp to commemorate the Centenary of Ballarat, radio stations in Sydney, Ballarat Choirs and fire brigade demonstrations trophies. 16 - Copy of the "City of Ballaarat Regulation No. 13" concerning Hackney and Stage coaches working within the City - See Reg. item 2537. 18, 20 - Newspaper cutting - "The Working Classes in Early Ballarat" - Nathan Spielvogel 21 - handwritten note on "Doctor" Thomas Blackett who died during 1940. 22 - Miscellaneous cuttings from the Melbourne Sun. 23 - Newspaper cuttings "Story of South Street", Show Grounds, and "The Alfred" Hall and a photograph of the 1938 Floral Carpet at Alfred Hall. 24 - Newspaper cutting - obituary and hand written note on Ballarat identity Mr. J. P. Bourke. 25 - Newspaper cutting - cartoon "Tiddley" Winks and Wally - Stan Cross (later "Wally and the Major" 26 - Newspaper cutting - "Ballarat in the sixties" - General R.E. Williams and "Early Recollections" - Arthur Reid. 27 - Handwritten note re Mrs. Bill Danks, dated Jan. 1941 - Tobacconist in Bridge St. 28 - Newspaper cutting - "First Town Hall" and note on "City Hall". 30 - Newspaper cuttings - "Good Friday, Now and Then - T.P. Long, Mont Albert and "On Fashions" James R. Pound. 32 - Newspaper cutting "School and School life in old Ballarat" - Nathan F. Spielvogel. 34 - Newspaper cutting continued from page 32 and Obituary - Mr. Archie Dawson and Tom Blackett. 35 - Newspaper cutting of Ballarat - 4 photos - include Bridge St. with a tram. 36 - Newspaper cutting - "Ballarat - Pastoral and Industrial Resources" from a Melbourne paper, 17/2/1940. 38 - Newspaper cuttings - obituaries - Mr. R. E. Tunbridge, Graeme Dowling and Thomas Crosthwaite. 39 - Illustration - black and white - Late Mr. P. J. Pringle - See Reg. Item 2538. 40 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat Trams and the power station staff - See Reg. Item 2539. 41 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat Pie Stalls 42 - Newspaper cuttings - cartoon "Professor Nimbus", photo of the Norwegian town of Hell (Railway station); bicycles on a Copenhagen bridge following German occupation and dragon flies in Melbourne. 43 - Newspaper cutting on the official opening of the Ballarat Historical Society's Museum. 44 - Newspaper cuttings and associated handwritten notes on a fire in Ballarat, poultry fanciers, historical dates for August. 46 - Newspaper cuttings - "Victoria's first profitable goldfield" - Ballarat and the unveiling of the Sovereign Hill direction pillar. 48 - Newspaper cutting - "Worked 27 years without holiday" - See Reg. Item. 2540. - Other newspaper cuttings - thoughts of a visitor to Ballarat from Sydney and H.P. James - Liquor control in Ballarat and "This Week at the Zoo". 50 - Handwritten notes on clothing. 51 - Handwritten note on a visit to W. H. Middleton 52 - Newspaper cuttings "The Kings Empire", "Ballarat Birthdays" for Sept and Oct and an obituary on Mr. W. H. Middleton. 54 - Newspaper cuttings "Richmond has Links With Early Goldfields" - Malcolm McCullum and "England's Greatest Battle" 55, 56 - Newspaper cuttings - "Ballarat Birthdays" for November and December, a photograph of Nick Oliver - former Ballarat fireman and "Railway Birthday" - birth of the VR. 57, 58 - Handwritten notes on Ballarat tram timetables, weekly tickets, motorman's record cards, tourist tickets and sample tickets or cards, See Reg. Item 2541. Lunch Hour Weekly Ticket - Reg. Item 2542 Morning and Evening Weekly Ticket - Reg. Item 2543 Motorman's Record - Reg. Item 2544 Tourist Ticket - 1/- - Reg. Item 2545. 60 - Newspaper cuttings - parts 1 and 2 - "The Two Ballarat" by Nathan Spielvogel. 62 - Newspaper cuttings - continued from page 60, the death of comedians Sam Mayo and Gus Bluett and some handwritten notes on comedians. 64 - Newspaper cuttings on cricket, choir rules, a Methodist ladies function at the home of H.P. James, Footballer Percy Beames and entertaining air force recruits at the showgrounds. 66 - Newspaper cuttings - "The Anvil Chorus" - Hitler and Mussolini and "Strength against Nazi Threat". 68 - Newspaper cuttings - 50 years ago in Ballarat, Social function at H.P. James house, coldest morning in Ballarat and the death of Col. A. W. Bennett. 70 - Newspaper cuttings - about the sale of spirits in early Ballarat, the first motorcars in Ballarat and handwritten note about Mr. Jago. 72 - Newspaper cuttings - misc. about horse racing, trainers and racing. 73 - Newspaper cuttings and handwritten notes about Ballarat Schools. 74 - Newspaper cuttings - Bruno Hauptmann (Charles Lindbergh) and the death of actor Darcy Kelway. 75, 76 - Newspaper cuttings - Rail services to and from Ballarat, effects of the war and Ballarat 70 years ago, the invasions of Britain and "A stroll down Memory Lane" - T.P. Long of Mont Albert. 77,78 - Newspaper cuttings - Lake Wendouree - Nathan Spielvogel, the opening of the new Ballarat Historical Society's Museum and farewell function of Mr. James Shannon. 79 - Newspaper cuttings - about boats on lake Wendouree. 99 - Obituary and hand written note re Mr. Arthur M. David. 100 - Newspaper cuttings - cartoon "Wally and the Major", Dr William Maloney, Gus Bluett and "Old Rowley" - in connection with the Melbourne Cup of 1940. 101 - Cartoon advertisement for Kolynos Dental Cream Inside rear cover - Programme for the Centenary of Thanksgiving Service - Back to Ballarat 1934, dated 4/11/1934 (has been affected by other sheets of paper due to their acidic nature), printed notes titled "A ramble on stilts with Freddie" written by Baker James. Many in pencil and inktrams, tramways, h.p. james, esco, horse trams, ballarat, civic history