Showing 6909 items matching "aboriginal-grinding-stone"
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Federation University Historical CollectionEthnographic, Aboriginal Grinding Stone (lower section)
... Aboriginal Grinding Stone (lower section)......aboriginal...Lower section of a grinding stone, with 32 excess flakes. Evidence of green paint on the bottom section....Barker Library (top floor) Mount Helen goldfields grinding stone grind stone aboriginal aborigines tools flakes archaeology stone tools Lower section of a grinding stone, with 32 excess flakes. ...Lower section of a grinding stone, with 32 excess flakes. Evidence of green paint on the bottom section.grinding stone, grind stone, aboriginal, aborigines, tools, flakes, archaeology, stone tools -
Orbost & District Historical SocietyAboriginal grinding stone, Aboriginal people have shaped this rock through usage, pre-European Australia
... Aboriginal-grinding-stone...This large and very heavy stone was donated by Albert Emphield. Where he found it is unknown, but he worked in the Orbost forest areas and lived at Cabbage Tree Creek....A large rock of generally oval shape and with a number of flatish surfaces and hole indentations which were identified by archaeologist Dr Joanna Freslov 2.6.2008 as being used by Aboriginal people as a grinding or tool-sharpening stone....Aboriginal people have shaped this rock through usage...Aboriginal grinding stone Aboriginal people have shaped this rock through usage ...This large and very heavy stone was donated by Albert Emphield. Where he found it is unknown, but he worked in the Orbost forest areas and lived at Cabbage Tree Creek.Aboriginal usage, tool manufacture.A large rock of generally oval shape and with a number of flatish surfaces and hole indentations which were identified by archaeologist Dr Joanna Freslov 2.6.2008 as being used by Aboriginal people as a grinding or tool-sharpening stone.aboriginal-grinding-stone -
Ballarat Heritage ServicesPhotograph - Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, Edward Stone Parker Memorial, Franklinford, 25/10/2015
... Edward Stone Parker Memorial, Franklinford...Franklinford is in the 'shadow' of Mt Franklin, the site of Edward Stone Parker's Aboriginal Protectorate....Photograph of a stone memorial cairn to Edward Stone Parker, Protector of Aborigines. ..."Edward Stone Parker 1802-1865 Regional Pioneer, Protector of Aborigines Established the Loddon Aboriginal Station Homestead, Church and School near this site in 1841. ...Ballarat Heritage Services PO Box 2209 Bakery Hill Post Office goldfields Franklinford is in the 'shadow' of Mt Franklin, the site of Edward Stone Parker's Aboriginal Protectorate. edward stone parker protector of aboriginies Aboriginal Protectorate Loddon Aboriginal Protectorate franklinford aboriginal protectorate Franklinford "Edward Stone Parker 1802-1865 Regional Pioneer, Protector of Aborigines Established the Loddon Aboriginal Station Homestead, Church and School near this site in 1841. ...Franklinford is in the 'shadow' of Mt Franklin, the site of Edward Stone Parker's Aboriginal Protectorate.Photograph of a stone memorial cairn to Edward Stone Parker, Protector of Aborigines. "Edward Stone Parker 1802-1865 Regional Pioneer, Protector of Aborigines Established the Loddon Aboriginal Station Homestead, Church and School near this site in 1841. His devoted service remains a challenge and an Inspiration. April 1965."edward stone parker, protector of aboriginies, aboriginal protectorate, loddon aboriginal protectorate, franklinford aboriginal protectorate, franklinford -
Federation University Historical CollectionTool - Ethnographic, Aboriginal partly worked stone
... Aboriginal partly worked stone...stone...Silcrete and quartzite can create sharp flakes and have been important materials for stone tool making by Aboriginal Australians...Twelve pieces of partially worked stone by Aboriginal people. Flakes or core, silcrete or quartzite. 8968.1 - Silcrete, pale material is anatase 8968.2 - Silcrete 8968.3 - Silcrete 8968.4 - Quartzite 8968.5 - Quartzite 8968.6 - Quartzite - heavily cemented on metamorphosed sandstone 8968.7 - Silcrete 8968.8 - Quartzite 8968.9 - Silcrete in sandy texture (others muddy texture) 8968.10 - Quartzite 8968.11 - Silcrete - part course, part fine, not neatly layered 8968 - 12 Silcrete - two textures - partly muddy, partly sandy ...Barker Library (top floor) Mount Helen goldfields Silcrete and quartzite can create sharp flakes and have been important materials for stone tool making by Aboriginal Australians stone aboriginal aborigines stone tools silcrete quartite flakes tools Twelve pieces of partially worked stone by Aboriginal people. ...Silcrete and quartzite can create sharp flakes and have been important materials for stone tool making by Aboriginal AustraliansTwelve pieces of partially worked stone by Aboriginal people. Flakes or core, silcrete or quartzite. 8968.1 - Silcrete, pale material is anatase 8968.2 - Silcrete 8968.3 - Silcrete 8968.4 - Quartzite 8968.5 - Quartzite 8968.6 - Quartzite - heavily cemented on metamorphosed sandstone 8968.7 - Silcrete 8968.8 - Quartzite 8968.9 - Silcrete in sandy texture (others muddy texture) 8968.10 - Quartzite 8968.11 - Silcrete - part course, part fine, not neatly layered 8968 - 12 Silcrete - two textures - partly muddy, partly sandy stone, aboriginal, aborigines, stone tools, silcrete, quartite, flakes, tools -
Stawell Historical Society IncFunctional object - Realia, Three Grinding Stone
... Three Grinding Stone...Aboriginal...Light brown rounded stones...ACRIS No. 7423-0836-Cunningham-Object-collection Aboriginal Light brown rounded stones Three Grinding Stone Functional object Realia ...From Trayonors Lagoon North east of Marnoo. In family possession for at least three Generation. ACRIS No. 7423-0836-Cunningham-Object-collectionLight brown rounded stonesaboriginal -
Kiewa Valley Historical SocietyGrinder / Pounding Stone, Dhudhuroa language Aboriginal tribe, pre British/European colonisation
... ...aboriginal...In conjunction with its grinding stone was used not only to grind seeds and but also to dig up eatable roots and leaves and served with the regions Bogong moth. ...Grooved stone, carved to a cylindrical shape with a relative pointed end tip one side (grinding or pounding end) and a rough other end (holding end} Made from Rhyolite stone...Dhudhuroa language Aboriginal tribe...Grooved stone, carved to a cylindrical shape with a relative pointed end tip one side (grinding or pounding end) and a rough other end (holding end} Made from Rhyolite stone Grinder / Pounding Stone Dhudhuroa language Aboriginal tribe ...This stone Grinder or pounder was used as part of an indigenous grinding food preparation method, by the original inhabitants of the Kiewa Valley and its region. In conjunction with its grinding stone was used not only to grind seeds and but also to dig up eatable roots and leaves and served with the regions Bogong moth. This method of food preparation has survived in its basic form for centuries and is still used by master chiefs in modern eateries. This item has been registered with Aboriginal Affairs in Wangaratta, Victoria. Dhudhuroa elder Alan Murray has examined this tool, in Feb 2015, and said it was also used for sharpening axe heads as well as pounding food items. This item has a very significant historical and social aspect to it. Firstly it demonstrates the division of labour within a indigenous tribe. It was an era when the female had a definitive role within the family and the broader social indigenous tribal group of, gathering and preparing non animal(hunted) food. Hunted food was the domain of the initiated males of the tribe.Secondly it demonstrates the ability to fashion implements from raw materials(rock) into effective tools for the purpose of preparing a meal for human consumption. This was in an era where inter family and intra family participation in an indigenous tribal social protective environment was at a very high level. The Kiewa Valley/Mount Bogong region was an area where annual "get together" indigenous tribes for feasting, bartering and settling of disputes highlighting the importance of a regional gathering. Grooved stone, carved to a cylindrical shape with a relative pointed end tip one side (grinding or pounding end) and a rough other end (holding end} Made from Rhyolite stoneThere is a worn grove in the top side due to this tool being used for axe sharpening. indigenous, aboriginal, stone grinding, meal preparation, natural environment, pounding stone -
Bunjil Park Aboriginal Education & Cultural Centregrinding stone, Double sided grinding stone with multiple hollows
... Double sided grinding stone with multiple hollows...The very hard and dense nature of the rock means materials would not be contaminated during the grinding process....The base rock is in the shape of a flattened and slightly elongated sphere, it appears to have been water worn. Double sided grinding stone with multiple hollows grinding stone ...Grindstones like this were not carried but hidden in special places with subtle indicators known only to the same tribe or nation. The small and deep nature of the pits suggests this rock may have been used for ochre with the smaller pits being used for water or fat to mix with the pigments. The very hard and dense nature of the rock means materials would not be contaminated during the grinding process.This rock is likely to be very old and is potentially significant from ceremonial perspective. Stones like this have been known to be passed on through multiple generations and been in use for hundreds and possibly thousands of years.This grindstone has hollows on both sides. One large hollow on one side measures approximately 7 cm across and 2 cm deep. The opposite side is distinguished by 3 pits, one large (5 cm wide by 3 cm deep) and two small indentations 2cm by 1cm. The hollows have been chipped and smoothed. The base rock is in the shape of a flattened and slightly elongated sphere, it appears to have been water worn.The side with three pits also bears recent scratches believed to be cut by a disk plough. It also appears to have a capital "W" inscribed in the largest pit.jaara, hidden, grindstone, ochre, quartzite, multiple hollows, pits, aboriginal food and art -
The Beechworth Burke MuseumAudio - Oral History, Jennifer Williams, Mr Ray Stone, 8th June 2000
... Mr Ray Stone......stone...Ray Stone was born in 1927, growing up in Beechworth as the oldest of eight children, but spent much of his life travelling, which he recalls in this oral history. ...Mr Ray Stone /......Ray Stone...It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side. Mr Ray Stone Audio Oral History Jennifer Williams Ray Stone ...Ray Stone was born in 1927, growing up in Beechworth as the oldest of eight children, but spent much of his life travelling, which he recalls in this oral history. Although he started working at the Beechworth Tannery with his father, he joined the Navy before he was of age in 1944 to support the war effort, and upon returning to Beechworth gave up on the Tannery after half a day to continue working jobs across Victoria instead. He talks extensively about watching Beechworth's famous Wheelbarrow race, where Tony Evans bet Tom Parkinson that the latter would not be able to push the former in a wheelbarrow from the Beechworth Post Office to Mt Buffalo in eight days. Calling himself a "helper all [his] life", he discusses the way many towns he worked in would come together to support struggling families, especially widows. In comparison, he suggests that the Beechworth of 2000 is much less community-orientated. He also discusses the economic changes he's witnessed around Beechworth, from the difficulties during the Depression while he was a child, to business improvements at the Tannery and Brewery, to the tourism boom. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Ray Stone's account of his life is historically and socially significant to the region of Beechworth for the way it describes changes in the town over the twentieth century. It covers themes including community relationships, business development, and cultural life. It makes this commentary in comparison to nearby regions such as the Snowy Mountains. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Mr Ray Stone /listen to what they say, beechworth, oral history, burke museum, stone, ray stone, tannery, tanneries, finch street, navy, the great depression, poverty, wheelbarrow race, cars, gift footrace, marriage, travel -
Federation University Historical CollectionPamphlet - Invitation, Invitation to the New Aboriginal Education Centre, Coates Building, 2010, 05/2010
... Invitation to the New Aboriginal Education Centre, Coates Building, 2010...The Manager of the Aboriginal Education Centre at that time was Shirley Morgan. ...An invitation to the newly relocated Aboriginal Education Centre located in the Albert Coates Building. ...Aboriginal Education Centre Cordially invites you to the opening of 'The New Aboriginal Education Centre' Located in the Albert Coates Building Above Canteen On: Monday 7th June 2.00pm At the New Aboriginal Education Centre Please join us for Afternoon Tea...Aboriginal Education Centre Albert Coates Centre UBuy FedStore Mount Helen Campus Shirley Morgan A Albert COates Building Aboriginal Education Centre Cordially invites you to the opening of 'The New Aboriginal Education Centre' Located in the Albert Coates Building Above Canteen On: Monday 7th June 2.00pm At the New Aboriginal Education Centre Please join us for Afternoon Tea An invitation to the newly relocated Aboriginal Education Centre located in the Albert Coates Building. ...On 07 June 2010 the University of Ballarat Aboriginal Education Centre at Mount Helen relocated from T Building to the first floor of the Albert Coates Centre (formerly Union Building). The former location was repurposed as UBuy, later named FedStore. The Manager of the Aboriginal Education Centre at that time was Shirley Morgan. According to the University of Ballarat Annual Report 2010: 'The Aboriginal Education Centre's new premises at Mt Helen offers bold new branding.'An invitation to the newly relocated Aboriginal Education Centre located in the Albert Coates Building. Aboriginal Education Centre Cordially invites you to the opening of 'The New Aboriginal Education Centre' Located in the Albert Coates Building Above Canteen On: Monday 7th June 2.00pm At the New Aboriginal Education Centre Please join us for Afternoon Teaaboriginal education centre, albert coates centre, ubuy, fedstore, mount helen campus, shirley morgan, a, albert coates building -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesCD-ROM, NSW Aboriginal Languages Research and Resource Centre, The Aboriginal Languages of NSW: an introduction for schools and communities, 2007
... The Aboriginal Languages of NSW: an introduction for schools and communities...Contents: What is this CD rom for? Why learn an Aboriginal language? : benefits of learning a language; specific benefits for Aboriginal students; why offer an Aboriginal language in NSW schools?...NSW Aboriginal Languages Research and Resource Centre...Why learn an Aboriginal language? : benefits of learning a language; specific benefits for Aboriginal students; why offer an Aboriginal language in NSW schools? ...Contents: What is this CD rom for? Why learn an Aboriginal language? : benefits of learning a language; specific benefits for Aboriginal students; why offer an Aboriginal language in NSW schools?; First steps to start a school-based Aboriginal language program Information about NSW Aboriginal languages: Aboriginal language revival in NSW : the same but different; sounds and writing system; some grammatical features; Map of Aboriginal languages of NSW; List of languages on this CD.CD-ROMlanguage maintenance, language and education -
Sunshine and District Historical Society IncorporatedPamphlet - Ochre Dreaming, Victoria's Aboriginal Tourism, Victoria's Aboriginal Tourism Experience Australia
... Victoria's Aboriginal Tourism Experience Australia...... Aboriginal...Ochre Dreaming. Victoria's Aboriginal Tourism Experience Australia...Victoria's Aboriginal Tourism...Aborigine Aboriginal First Nation An overview of plces to visit in Victoria that showcase Aboriginal heritage and art. ...An overview of plces to visit in Victoria that showcase Aboriginal heritage and art.Soft cover pamphlet with a collection of loose documentsAn overview of plces to visit in Victoria that showcase Aboriginal heritage and art.aborigine, aboriginal, first nation -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)Film - Film, USB, Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone
... Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone....Approx. 1,000 slides taken by Graham Stone, Unit Photographer in the 1st Aust. Psych. ...Stone, Graham...Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone. Film Film, USB Stone, Graham ...Approx. 1,000 slides taken by Graham Stone, Unit Photographer in the 1st Aust. Psych. Unit.vietnam war, 1961 - 1975, personal narratives - australian, australian defence force academy (adfa) -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)Film - Film, DVD, Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone
... Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone....Approx. 1,000 slides taken by Graham Stone, Unit Photographer in the 1st Aust. Psych. ...Stone, Graham...Slides taken in the Vietnam War by Graham Stone. Film Film, DVD Stone, Graham ...Approx. 1,000 slides taken by Graham Stone, Unit Photographer in the 1st Aust. Psych. Unit.vietnam war, 1961 - 1975, personal narratives - australian, australian defence force academy (adfa) -
Bunjil Park Aboriginal Education & Cultural Centregrinding stone, basalt rock grinding stone
... basalt rock grinding stone...Bunjil Park Aboriginal Education & Cultural Centre Neilborough goldfields basalt rock grinding stone grinding stone ... -
Department of Health and Human ServicesPhotograph, "Wear Your Goggles" - A safety sign on a workshop machine grinding stone from part of polio & tuberculosis (TB) patients undertaking occupational therapy & recreational activities in a workshop environment
... "Wear Your Goggles" - A safety sign on a workshop machine grinding stone from part of polio & tuberculosis (TB) patients undertaking occupational therapy & recreational activities in a workshop environment...Department of Health and Human Services 50 Lonsdale St Melbourne melbourne "Wear Your Goggles" - A safety sign on a workshop machine grinding stone from part of polio & tuberculosis (TB) patients undertaking occupational therapy & recreational activities in a workshop environment Photograph ... -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, Pioneers’ Memorial on Big Hill -- Laying the Foundation Stone c 1935
... Pioneers’ Memorial on Big Hill -- Laying the Foundation Stone c 1935....Black & white photo showing foundation stone at Pioneers’ Memorial being held in place by a crane and watched by several people. ...Three Black and white photos of foundation stone, held in place by a crane and watched by several people around the foundation stone c 1935. ..."This Federation Stone was laid by His Excellency Lord Huntingfield K.C.M.G. governor of Victoria October 7th 1935." - inscribed on the stone. ...Three Black and white photos of foundation stone, held in place by a crane and watched by several people around the foundation stone c 1935. ...Black & white photo showing foundation stone at Pioneers’ Memorial being held in place by a crane and watched by several people. On the right side of stone is the governor of Victoria Lord Huntingfield and beside him, town clerk Mr. Sharpley with a ribbon in his lapel and holding his hat. On the left side wearing glasses is Cr. Stan Freeland. Three Black and white photos of foundation stone, held in place by a crane and watched by several people around the foundation stone c 1935. Of the three photos two are enlarged."This Federation Stone was laid by His Excellency Lord Huntingfield K.C.M.G. governor of Victoria October 7th 1935." - inscribed on the stone. stawell -
Ballarat Heritage ServicesPhotograph - Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, Edward Stone Parker's Grave at the Franklinford Cemetery, 2015, 25/10/2015
... Edward Stone Parker's Grave at the Franklinford Cemetery, 2015...Edward Stone Parker was the protector of Aborigines at the Mount Franklin Aboriginal Protectorate....Mary Cook Parker (Cooke) and Edward Stone Parker Gravestone at Franklinford Cemetery. ..."Sacred to the memory of Edward Stone Parker, Protector of Aborigines. A pioneer of 1838. ...Ballarat Heritage Services PO Box 2209 Bakery Hill Post Office goldfields Edward Stone Parker was the protector of Aborigines at the Mount Franklin Aboriginal Protectorate. frankinford cemetery edward stone parker mary cooke parker protector of aboriginies mount franklin aboriginal protectorate hannah parker leonard edwards emilie sarah parker george alfred parker charles george bright parker "Sacred to the memory of Edward Stone Parker, Protector of Aborigines. ...Edward Stone Parker was the protector of Aborigines at the Mount Franklin Aboriginal Protectorate.Mary Cook Parker (Cooke) and Edward Stone Parker Gravestone at Franklinford Cemetery. Mary Parker died on 11 Oct 1842, aged 35 years. Edward Stone Parker was born in 1802 and died on 25 April 1865. "Sacred to the memory of Edward Stone Parker, Protector of Aborigines. A pioneer of 1838. Died 25th April 1865. Aged 63 years. Als his first wife Mary Cooke Parker. Died 11th Oct 1842. Aged 35 years. Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord." "Also his second wife Hannah Parker aged 75 years. Also her father Leonard Edwards. Died 14th Jan 1843 aged 63 years." "Emilie Sarah Parker Wife of George Alfred 29th June 1949, aged 82 years" "Also his eldest son Edward Stone Parker died 23rd November 1847. Aged 18 years also his seventh son Edward Leonard Parker Died 9th Nov 1900. aged 49 years." "And his ninth son George Alfred, :ate Rector Christ Church Daylesford loved husband of E.S. Parker, B.1858 D. 1916." "Also Charles George Bright Parker Vicar of All Saints, St Kilda. Beloved only son of the above, Loved husband of K.H. Parker, B. 1897 D. 1938."frankinford cemetery, edward stone parker, mary cooke parker, protector of aboriginies, mount franklin aboriginal protectorate, hannah parker, leonard edwards, emilie sarah parker, george alfred parker, charles george bright parker -
RMIT GSBL Justice Smith CollectionReport, Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation (Australia), Walking together : the first steps : report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal Parliament, 1994
... Walking together : the first steps : report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal Parliament...Report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal Parliament...Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation (Australia)...RMIT GSBL Justice Smith Collection Building 13 379-405 Russell Street Melbourne melbourne australia. council for aboriginal reconciliation act 1991 council for aboriginal reconciliation (australia) aboriginal australians -- government policy aboriginal australians -- government relations torres strait islanders -- government relations ISBN: 0644351748 Report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal Parliament Walking together : the first steps : report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal Parliament Report Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation (Australia) Australian Government Publishing Service ...Report of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation 1991-94 to Federal ParliamentISBN: 0644351748australia. council for aboriginal reconciliation act 1991, council for aboriginal reconciliation (australia), aboriginal australians -- government policy, aboriginal australians -- government relations, torres strait islanders -- government relations -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesBook, Edgar Morrison et al, Frontier life in the Loddon Protectorate : episodes from early days, 1837-1842 /? by Edgar Morrison. The Aborigines of Australia : a lecture delivered ... before the John Knox Young Men's Association, on Wednesday May 10th, 1854 /? by Edward Stone Parker, 1967
... The Aborigines of Australia : a lecture delivered ... before the John Knox Young Men's Association, on Wednesday May 10th, 1854 /? by Edward Stone Parker...The episodes related here occurred between the years 1837 and 1842 and describe what would now be called a period of confrontation between the Aboriginal inhabitants and the white settlers who flocked to the scene so glowlingly described by Sir Thomas Mitchell in 1836.......Edward Stone Parker...Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages 33 Saxon Street Brunswick melbourne Loddon Edward Stone Parker maps, b&w illustrations, b&w photographs The episodes related here occurred between the years 1837 and 1842 and describe what would now be called a period of confrontation between the Aboriginal inhabitants and the white settlers who flocked to the scene so glowlingly described by Sir Thomas Mitchell in 1836. ...The episodes related here occurred between the years 1837 and 1842 and describe what would now be called a period of confrontation between the Aboriginal inhabitants and the white settlers who flocked to the scene so glowlingly described by Sir Thomas Mitchell in 1836.maps, b&w illustrations, b&w photographsloddon, edward stone parker -
Federation University Historical CollectionEthnographic, Aboriginal worked conglomerate silcrete stone
... Aboriginal worked conglomerate silcrete stone...stone...Conglomerate silcrete stone with sharp edge, Red is iron staining - hematite, possibly found in drier areas ...Barker Library (top floor) Mount Helen goldfields stone aboriginal silcrete hematite haematite stone tools archaeology aborigines Conglomerate silcrete stone with sharp edge, Red is iron staining - hematite, possibly found in drier areas Aboriginal worked conglomerate silcrete stone Ethnographic ...Conglomerate silcrete stone with sharp edge, Red is iron staining - hematite, possibly found in drier areas stone, aboriginal, silcrete, hematite, haematite, stone tools, archaeology, aborigines -
Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc.Grinding Stone, Unknown
... Upper Grinding Stone donated by Alan West...Light coloured flat Grinding Stone...Phillip Island and District Historical Society Inc. phillip-island-and-the-bass-coast Upper Grinding Stone donated by Alan West australian aboriginal history aboriginal artifact stone implement grinding stone Kulpitjata, Northern Territory Light coloured flat Grinding Stone Grinding Stone ...Upper Grinding Stone donated by Alan WestLight coloured flat Grinding StoneKulpitjata, Northern Territoryaustralian aboriginal history, aboriginal artifact, stone implement, grinding stone -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesKit, Victorian Aboriginal Legal Service et al, Aboriginal English in the courts kit : a report on Aboriginal English in the courts, 2007
... Aboriginal English in the courts kit : a report on Aboriginal English in the courts...The overall objective of this report is to collate information about Aboriginal English in order to inform future staff training and resources for people working in the courts, including solicitors and magistrates. ...Victorian Aboriginal Legal Service...Features Radio National transcript from Lingua Franca program, and content by Diane Eades. Aboriginal English in the courts kit : a report on Aboriginal English in the courts Kit Victorian Aboriginal Legal Service Fiona Roberts ...The overall objective of this report is to collate information about Aboriginal English in order to inform future staff training and resources for people working in the courts, including solicitors and magistrates. Features Radio National transcript from Lingua Franca program, and content by Diane Eades.tables, sample legal letters, pamphlets, information cardaustralia -- trials, litigation, etc. english language -- dialects -- australia. aboriginal australians -- social life and customs. law -- australia -- language -- handbooks, manuals, etc. aboriginal australians -- criminal justice system. -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesBook, Reference Group Overseeing the National Review of Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People et al, National review of education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples : summary and recommendations, 1994
... National review of education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples : summary and recommendations...The summary and recommendations arising from the National Review of Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, introduced in 1993....Reference Group Overseeing the National Review of Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People...Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for Languages 33 Saxon Street Brunswick melbourne education policy Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander education reconciliation tables, graphs The summary and recommendations arising from the National Review of Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, introduced in 1993. ...The summary and recommendations arising from the National Review of Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, introduced in 1993.tables, graphseducation policy, aboriginal and torres strait islander education, reconciliation -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.Pamphlet, Aboriginal Flaked Stone Artifacts, 1996
... Aboriginal Flaked Stone Artifacts...Coloured, illustrated phamphlet produced by Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Describes features of various artifacts and likely locations. ...Methods of construction and their importance are discussed. Aboriginal Flaked Stone Artifacts Pamphlet Pamphlet ...Coloured, illustrated phamphlet produced by Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Describes features of various artifacts and likely locations.Coloured, illustrated phamphlet produced by Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Describes features of various artifacts and likely locations. Instructions are given on what to do if they are found. Methods of construction and their importance are discussed.Coloured, illustrated phamphlet produced by Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Describes features of various artifacts and likely locations.aborigines, stone tools -
Old Colonists' Association of Ballarat Inc.Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, Old Colonists' Association Ballarat Foundation Stone, 09/05/2015
... Old Colonists' Association Ballarat Foundation Stone...The Foundation Stone was laid in 1887....Colour photograph of a bluestone foundation stone with gold writing. It is the foundation Stone of the Old Colonists' Association Ballarat building in Lydiard Street North, Ballarat....This stone was laid on Jubilee Day A.D. 21st June, 1887, by J.P. ...Old Colonists' Association of Ballarat Inc. 16-14 Lydiard (North) Street Ballarat Central goldfields The Foundation Stone was laid in 1887. old colonists' association ballarat ballarat old colonists; club j.p. murray architecture foundation stone This stone was laid on Jubilee Day A.D. 21st June, 1887, by J.P. ...The Foundation Stone was laid in 1887.Colour photograph of a bluestone foundation stone with gold writing. It is the foundation Stone of the Old Colonists' Association Ballarat building in Lydiard Street North, Ballarat.This stone was laid on Jubilee Day A.D. 21st June, 1887, by J.P. Murray esq J.P. President of the Old Colonsts Association. Ballaratold colonists' association ballarat, ballarat old colonists; club, j.p. murray, architecture, foundation stone -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesPeriodical, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 2008
... Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies...s Country for young Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons from the Carnarvon Gorge region to explore Vincent?...Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies...s Country for young Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons from the Carnarvon Gorge region to explore Vincent? ...Mawul Rom Project: Openness, obligation and reconciliation Morgan Brigg (Universtiy of Queensland) and Anke Tonnaer (University of Aarhus, Denmark) Aboriginal Australian initiatives to restore balanced relationships with White Australians have recently become part of reconciliation efforts. This paper provides a contextualised report on one such initiative, the Mawul Rom crosscultural mediation project. Viewing Mawul Rom as a diplomatic venture in the lineage of adjustment and earlier Rom rituals raises questions about receptiveness, individual responsibility and the role of Indigenous ceremony in reconciliation efforts. Yolngu ceremonial leaders successfully draw participants into relationship and personally commit them to the tasks of cross-cultural advocacy and reconciliation. But Mawul Rom must also negotiate a paradox because emphasis on the cultural difference of ceremony risks increasing the very social distance that the ritual attempts to confront. Managing this tension will be a key challenge if Mawul Rom is to become an effective diplomatic mechanism for cross-cultural conflict resolution and reconciliation. Living in two camps: the strategies Goldfields Aboriginal people use to manage in the customary economy and the mainstream economy at the same time Howard Sercombe (Strathclyde University, Glasgow) The economic sustainability of Aboriginal households has been a matter of public concern across a range of contexts. This research, conducted in the Eastern Goldfields of Western Australia, shows how economically successful Aboriginal persons manage ?dual economic engagement?, or involvement in the customary economy and the mainstream economy at the same time. The two economies sometimes reinforce each other but are more often in conflict, and management of conflicting obligations requires high degrees of skill and innovation. As well as creating financially sustainable households, the participants contributed significantly to the health of their extended families and communities. The research also shows that many Aboriginal people, no matter what their material and personal resources, are conscious of how fragile and unpredictable their economic lives can be, and that involvement in the customary economy is a kind of mutual insurance to guarantee survival if times get tough. Indigenous population data for evaluation and performance measurement: A cautionary note Gaminiratne Wijesekere (Dept. of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, Canberra) I outline the status of population census counts for Indigenous peoples, identifying information on Indigenous births and deaths, and internal migration estimates. I comment on the ?experimental? Indigenous population projections and question the rationale for having two sets of projections. Program managers and evaluators need to be mindful of limitations of the data when using these projections for monitoring, evaluating and measuring Indigenous programs. Reaching out to a younger generation using a 3D computer game for storytelling: Vincent Serico?s legacy Theodor G Wyeld (Flinders University, Adeliade) and Brett Leavy (CyberDreaming Australia) Sadly, Vincent Serico (1949?2008), artist, activist and humanist, recently passed away. Born in southern Queensland in Wakka Wakka/Kabi Kabi Country (Carnarvon Gorge region) in 1949, Vincent was a member of the Stolen Generations. He was separated from his family by White administration at four years of age. He grew up on the Cherbourg Aboriginal Reserve in the 1950s, when the policies of segregation and assimilation were at their peak. Only returning to his Country in his early forties, Vincent started painting his stories and the stories that had been passed on to him about the region. These paintings manifest Vincent?s sanctity for tradition, storytelling, language, spirit and beliefs. A team of researchers was honoured and fortunate to have worked closely with Vincent to develop a 3D simulation of his Country using a 3D computer game toolkit. Embedded in this simulation of his Country, in the locations that their stories speak to, are some of Vincent?s important contemporary art works. They are accompanied by a narration of Vincent?s oral history about the places, people and events depicted. Vincent was deeply concerned about members of the younger generation around him ?losing their way? in modern times. In a similar vein, Brett Leavy (Kooma) sees the 3D game engine as an opportunity to engage the younger generation in its own cultural heritage in an activity that capitalises on a common pastime. Vincent was an enthusiastic advocate of this approach. Working in consultation with Vincent and the research team, CyberDreaming developed a simulation of Vincent?s Country for young Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal persons from the Carnarvon Gorge region to explore Vincent?s life stories of the region. The use of Vincent?s contemporary paintings as storyboards provides a traditional medium for the local people to interactively re-engage with traditional values. Called Serico?s World, it represents a legacy to his life?s works, joys and regrets. Here we discuss the background to this project and Vincent?s contribution. A singular beeswax representation of Namarrkon, the Lightning Man, from western Arnhem Land RG Gunn (La Trobe University) and RL Whear (Jawoyn Association) Samples from a beeswax representation of Namarrkon, the Lightning Man, from western Arnhem Land were analysed for radiocarbon and dated to be about 150 years old. An underlying beeswax figure was found to be approximately 1100 years old. The Dreaming Being Namarrkon is well known throughout Arnhem Land, although his sphere of activity is concentrated around the northern half of the Arnhem Land plateau. Namarrkon is well represented in rock-paintings in this area and continues to be well represented in contemporary canvas-paintings by artists from the broader plateau region. We conclude that representations of Namarrkon in both painted and beeswax forms appear to be parallel manifestations of the late Holocene regionalisation of Arnhem Land. ?Missing the point? or ?what to believe ? the theory or the data?: Rationales for the production of Kimberley points Kim Akerman (Moonah) In a recent article, Rodney Harrison presented an interesting view on the role glass Kimberley points played in the lives of the Aborigines who made and used them. Harrison employed ethnographic and historical data to argue that glass Kimberley points were not part of the normal suite of post-contact artefacts used primarily for hunting and fighting or Indigenous exchange purposes, but primarily were created to service a non-Indigenous market for aesthetically pleasing artefacts. Harrison asserted that this market determined the form that these points took. A critical analysis of the data does not substantiate either of these claims. Here I do not deal with Harrison?s theoretical material or arguments; I focus on the ethnographic and historical material that he has either omitted or failed to appreciate in developing his thesis and which, in turn, renders it invalid. The intensity of raw material utilisation as an indication of occupational history in surface stone artefact assemblages from the Strathbogie Ranges, central Victoria Justin Ian Shiner (La Trobe University, Bundoora) Stone artefact assemblages are a major source of information on past human?landscape relationships throughout much of Australia. These relationships are not well understood in the Strathbogie Ranges of central Victoria, where few detailed analyses of stone artefact assemblages have been undertaken. The purpose of this paper is to redress this situation through the analysis of two surface stone artefact assemblages recorded in early 2000 during a wider investigation of the region?s potential for postgraduate archaeological fieldwork. Analysis of raw material utilisation is used to assess the characteristics of the occupational histories of two locations with similar landscape settings. The analysis indicates variability in the intensity of raw material use between the assemblages, which suggests subtle differences in the occupational history of each location. The results of this work provide a direction for future stone artefact studies within this poorly understood region.document reproductions, maps, b&w photographs, colour photographskimberley, mawul rom project, 3d computer game, storytelling, vincent serico, beeswax, namarrkon, artefact assemblages, strathbogie ranges, groote eylandt, budd billy ii -
Stawell Historical Society IncPhotograph, Masonic Temple Foundation Stone in Skene c1926 -- Coloured
... Masonic Temple Foundation Stone in Skene c1926 -- Coloured...This stone was laid by Wor. Bro. C.F. Greenwood. ...Coloured photo of a foundation stone on a brick wall....Euroka Morning Star Lodge No.44.V.C. This stone was laid by Wor. Bro. C.F. Greenwood. ...This stone was laid by Wor. Bro. C.F. Greenwood. ...Colour Photo of Masonic Temple Skene Street Stawell Foundation Stone c 1926 Euroka Morning Star Lodge No.44.V.C. This stone was laid by Wor. Bro. C.F. Greenwood. P.C.D.C. on the 8th Day of may 1926. S.K. Mitchell. W. M. (Worshipful Master)Coloured photo of a foundation stone on a brick wall.Euroka Morning Star Lodge No.44.V.C. This stone was laid by Wor. Bro. C.F. Greenwood. P.C.D.C. on the 8th Day of may 1926. S.K. Mitchell. W. M.stawell -
Greensborough Historical SocietyPoster, Victoria. Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Site identification mini poster (#1-2, 4-6, 8-10, 13-14), 2002
... This set produced by the Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environ met and Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Mini poster 1: Aboriginal scarred trees; 2 Aboriginal mounds; [3 missing]; 4 Aboriginal flaked stone tools; 5 Aboriginal burials; 6 Aboriginal surface scatters; [7 missing]; 8 Aboriginal ground-edge axes; 9 Aboriginal grinding stones; 10 Aboriginal stone arrangements; [11 missing]; 12 Aboriginal axe-grinding grooves; 13 Aboriginal coastal shell middens; 14 Aboriginal rock art.......Aboriginal Affairs Victoria...Greensborough Historical Society 34A Glenauburn Road Lower Plenty Lower Plenty melbourne This set produced by the Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environ met and Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Mini poster 1: Aboriginal scarred trees; 2 Aboriginal mounds; [3 missing]; 4 Aboriginal flaked stone tools; 5 Aboriginal burials; 6 Aboriginal surface scatters; [7 missing]; 8 Aboriginal ground-edge axes; 9 Aboriginal grinding stones; 10 Aboriginal stone arrangements; [11 missing]; 12 Aboriginal axe-grinding grooves; 13 Aboriginal coastal shell middens; 14 Aboriginal rock art. aborigines - victoria aboriginal affairs victoria 11 parts of incomplete set, each two sided, text and photographs Site identification mini poster (#1-2, 4-6, 8-10, 13-14) Poster Poster Victoria. ...This set produced by the Victorian Department of Natural Resources and Environ met and Aboriginal Affairs Victoria. Mini poster 1: Aboriginal scarred trees; 2 Aboriginal mounds; [3 missing]; 4 Aboriginal flaked stone tools; 5 Aboriginal burials; 6 Aboriginal surface scatters; [7 missing]; 8 Aboriginal ground-edge axes; 9 Aboriginal grinding stones; 10 Aboriginal stone arrangements; [11 missing]; 12 Aboriginal axe-grinding grooves; 13 Aboriginal coastal shell middens; 14 Aboriginal rock art.11 parts of incomplete set, each two sided, text and photographsaborigines - victoria, aboriginal affairs victoria -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesPeriodical, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 2009
... Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies...Finding your voice: Placing and sourcing an Aboriginal health organisation?s published and grey literature Clive Rosewarne It is widely recognised that Aboriginal perspectives need to be represented in historical narratives. ...Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies...Finding your voice: Placing and sourcing an Aboriginal health organisation?s published and grey literature Clive Rosewarne It is widely recognised that Aboriginal perspectives need to be represented in historical narratives. ...Social Engineering and Indigenous Settlement: Policy and demography in remote Australia John Taylor In recent years neo-liberals have argued that government support for remote Aboriginal communities contributes to social pathology and that unhindered market engagement involving labour mobility provides the only solution. This has raised questions about the viability of remote Aboriginal settlements. While the extreme view is to withdraw services altogether, at the very least selective migration should be encouraged. Since the analytical tools are available, one test of the integrity of such ideas is to consider their likely demographic consequences. Accordingly, this paper provides empirically based speculation about the possible implications for Aboriginal population distribution and demographic composition in remote areas had the advice of neo-liberal commentators and initial labour market reforms of the Northern Territory Emergency Response been fully implemented. The scenarios presented are heuristic only but they reveal a potential for substantial demographic and social upheaval. Aspects of the semantics of intellectual subjectivity in Dalabon (south-western Arnhem Land) Ma�a Ponsonnet This paper explores the semantics of subjectivity (views, intentions, the self as a social construct etc.) in Dalabon, a severely endangered language of northern Australia, and in Kriol, the local creole. Considering the status of Dalabon and the importance of Kriol in the region, Dalabon cannot be observed in its original context, as the traditional methods of linguistic anthropology tend to recommend. This paper seeks to rely on this very parameter, reclaiming linguistic work and research as a legitimate conversational context. Analyses are thus based on metalinguistic statements - among which are translations in Kriol. Far from seeking to separate Dalabon from Kriol, I use interactions between them as an analytical tool. The paper concentrates on three Dalabon words: men-no (intentions, views, thoughts), kodj-no (head) and kodj-kulu-no (brain). None of these words strictly matches the concept expressed by the English word mind. On the one hand, men-no is akin to consciousness but is not treated as a container nor as a processor; on the other, kodj-no and kodj-kulu-no are treated respectively as container and processor, but they are clearly physical body parts, while what English speakers usually call the mind is essentially distinct from the body. Interestingly, the body part kodj-no (head) also represents the individual as a social construct - while the Western self does not match physical attributes. Besides, men-no can also translate as idea, but it can never be abstracted from subjectivity - while in English, potential objectivity is a crucial feature of ideas. Hence the semantics of subjectivity in Dalabon does not reproduce classic Western conceptual articulations. I show that these specificities persist in the local creole. Health, death and Indigenous Australians in the coronial system Belinda Carpenter and Gordon Tait This paper details research conducted in Queensland during the first year of operation of the new Coroners Act 2003. Information was gathered from all completed investigations between December 2003 and December 2004 across five categories of death: accidental, suicide, natural, medical and homicide. It was found that 25 percent of the total number of Indigenous deaths recorded in 2004 were reported to, and investigated by, the Coroner, in comparison to 9.4 percent of non-Indigenous deaths. Moreover, Indigenous people were found to be over-represented in each category of death, except in death in a medical setting, where they were absent. This paper discusses these findings in detail, following the insights gained from the work of Tatz (1999, 2001, 2005) and Morrissey (2003). It also discusses a further outcome of this situation - the over-representation of Indigenous people in figures for full internal autopsy. Finding your voice: Placing and sourcing an Aboriginal health organisation?s published and grey literature Clive Rosewarne It is widely recognised that Aboriginal perspectives need to be represented in historical narratives. Sourcing this material may be difficult if Aboriginal people and their organisations do not publish in formats that are widely distributed and readily accessible to library collections and research studies. Based on a search for material about a 30-year-old Aboriginal health organisation, this paper aims to (1) identify factors that influenced the distribution of written material authored by the organisation; (2) consider the implications for Aboriginal people who wish to have their viewpoints widely available to researchers; and (3) assess the implications for research practice. As part of researching an organisational history for the Central Australian Aboriginal Congress, seven national and regional collections were searched for Congress?s published and unpublished written material. It was found that, in common with other Aboriginal organisations, most written material was produced as grey literature. The study indicates that for Aboriginal people and their organisations? voices to be heard, and their views to be accessible in library collections, they need to have an active program to distribute their written material. It also highlights the need for researchers to be exhaustive in their searches, and to be aware of the limitations within collections when sourcing Aboriginal perspectives. Radiocarbon dates from the Top End: A cultural chronology for the Northern Territory coastal plains Sally Brockwell , Patrick Faulkner, Patricia Bourke, Anne Clarke, Christine Crassweller, Daryl Guse, Betty Meehan, and Robin Sim The coastal plains of northern Australia are relatively recent formations that have undergone dynamic evolution through the mid to late Holocene. The development and use of these landscapes across the Northern Territory have been widely investigated by both archaeologists and geomorphologists. Over the past 15 years, a number of research and consultancy projects have focused on the archaeology of these coastal plains, from the Reynolds River in the west to the southern coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria in the east. More than 300 radiocarbon dates are now available and these have enabled us to provide a more detailed interpretation of the pattern of human settlement. In addition to this growing body of evidence, new palaeoclimatic data that is relevant to these northern Australian contexts is becoming available. This paper provides a synthesis of the archaeological evidence, integrates it within the available palaeo-environmental frameworks and characterises the cultural chronology of human settlement of the Northern Territory coastal plains over the past 10 000 years. Ladjiladji language area: A reconstruction Ian Clark and Edward Ryan In this reconsideration of the Ladjiladji language area in northwest Victoria, we contend that while Tindale?s classical reconstruction of this language identified a fundamental error in Smyth?s earlier cartographic representation, he incorrectly corrected that error. We review what is known about Ladjiladji and through a careful analysis demonstrate not only the errors in both Smyth and Tindale but also proffer a fundamental reconstruction grounded in the primary sources.ladjiladji, social engineering, dalabon, indigenous health, coronial system, radiocarbon dating -
Victorian Aboriginal Corporation for LanguagesPeriodical, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, 2013
... Australian Aboriginal studies : journal of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies..., as though they are ?fake? Aboriginal people ? while ?real? Aboriginal people live ?...Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies..., as though they are ?fake? Aboriginal people ? while ?real? Aboriginal people live ? ...We don?t leave our identities at the city limits: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living in urban localities Bronwyn Fredericks Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who live in cities and towns are often thought of as ?less Indigenous? than those who live ?in the bush?, as though they are ?fake? Aboriginal people ? while ?real? Aboriginal people live ?on communities? and ?real? Torres Strait Islander people live ?on islands?. Yet more than 70 percent of Australia?s Indigenous peoples live in urban locations (ABS 2007), and urban living is just as much part of a reality for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people as living in remote discrete communities. This paper examines the contradictions and struggles that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience when living in urban environments. It looks at the symbols of place and space on display in the Australian cities of Melbourne and Brisbane to demonstrate how prevailing social, political and economic values are displayed. Symbols of place and space are never neutral, and this paper argues that they can either marginalise and oppress urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, or demonstrate that they are included and engaged. Juggling with pronouns: Racist discourse in spoken interaction on the radio Di Roy While the discourse of deficit with regard to Australian Indigenous health and wellbeing has been well documented in print media and through images on film and on television, radio talk concerning this discourse remains underresearched. This paper interrogates the power of an interactive news interview, aired on the Radio National Breakfast program on ABC Radio in 2011, to maintain and reproduce the discourse of deficit, despite the best intentions of the interview participants. Using a conversation-analytical approach, and membership categorisation analysis in particular, this paper interrogates the spoken interaction between a well-known radio interviewer and a respected medical researcher into Indigenous eye health. It demonstrates the recreation of a discourse emanating from longstanding hegemonies between mainstream and Indigenous Australians. Analysis of firstperson pronoun use shows the ongoing negotiation of social category boundaries and construction of moral identities through ascriptions to category members, upon which the intelligibility of the interview for the listening audience depended. The findings from analysis support claims in a considerable body of whiteness studies literature, the main themes of which include the pervasiveness of a racist discourse in Australian media and society, the power of invisible assumptions, and the importance of naming and exposing them. Changes in Pitjantjatjara mourning and burial practices Bill Edwards, University of South Australia This paper is based on observations over a period of more than five decades of changes in Pitjantjatjara burial practices from traditional practices to the introduction of Christian services and cemeteries. Missions have been criticised for enforcing such changes. However, in this instance, the changes were implemented by the Aboriginal people themselves. Following brief outlines of Pitjantjatjara traditional life, including burial practices, and of the establishment of Ernabella Mission in 1937 and its policy of respect for Pitjantjatjara cultural practices and language, the history of these changes which commenced in 1973 are recorded. Previously, deceased bodies were interred according to traditional rites. However, as these practices were increasingly at odds with some of the features of contemporary social, economic and political life, two men who had lost close family members initiated church funeral services and established a cemetery. These practices soon spread to most Pitjantjatjara communities in a manner which illustrates the model of change outlined by Everett Rogers (1962) in Diffusion of Innovations. Reference is made to four more recent funerals to show how these events have been elaborated and have become major social occasions. The world from Malarrak: Depictions of South-east Asian and European subjects in rock art from the Wellington Range, Australia Sally K May, Paul SC Ta�on, Alistair Paterson, Meg Travers This paper investigates contact histories in northern Australia through an analysis of recent rock paintings. Around Australia Aboriginal artists have produced a unique record of their experiences of contact since the earliest encounters with South-east Asian and, later, European visitors and settlers. This rock art archive provides irreplaceable contemporary accounts of Aboriginal attitudes towards, and engagement with, foreigners on their shores. Since 2008 our team has been working to document contact period rock art in north-western and western Arnhem Land. This paper focuses on findings from a site complex known as Malarrak. It includes the most thorough analysis of contact rock art yet undertaken in this area and questions previous interpretations of subject matter and the relationship of particular paintings to historic events. Contact period rock art from Malarrak presents us with an illustrated history of international relationships in this isolated part of the world. It not only reflects the material changes brought about by outside cultural groups but also highlights the active role Aboriginal communities took in responding to these circumstances. Addressing the Arrernte: FJ Gillen?s 1896 Engwura speech Jason Gibson, Australian National University This paper analyses a speech delivered by Francis James Gillen during the opening stages of what is now regarded as one of the most significant ethnographic recording events in Australian history. Gillen?s ?speech? at the 1896 Engwura festival provides a unique insight into the complex personal relationships that early anthropologists had with Aboriginal people. This recently unearthed text, recorded by Walter Baldwin Spencer in his field notebook, demonstrates how Gillen and Spencer sought to establish the parameters of their anthropological enquiry in ways that involved both Arrernte agency and kinship while at the same time invoking the hierarchies of colonial anthropology in Australia. By examining the content of the speech, as it was written down by Spencer, we are also able to reassesses the importance of Gillen to the ethnographic ambitions of the Spencer/Gillen collaboration. The incorporation of fundamental Arrernte concepts and the use of Arrernte words to convey the purpose of their 1896 fieldwork suggest a degree of Arrernte involvement and consent not revealed before. The paper concludes with a discussion of the outcomes of the Engwura festival and the subsequent publication of The Native Tribes of Central Australia within the context of a broader set of relationships that helped to define the emergent field of Australian anthropology at the close of the nineteenth century. One size doesn?t fit all: Experiences of family members of Indigenous gamblers Louise Holdsworth, Helen Breen, Nerilee Hing and Ashley Gordon Centre for Gambling Education and Research, Southern Cross University This study explores help-seeking and help-provision by family members of Indigenous people experiencing gambling problems, a topic that previously has been ignored. Data are analysed from face-to-face interviews with 11 family members of Indigenous Australians who gamble regularly. The results confirm that substantial barriers are faced by Indigenous Australians in accessing formal help services and programs, whether for themselves or a loved one. Informal help from family and friends appears more common. In this study, this informal help includes emotional care, practical support and various forms of ?tough love?. However, these measures are mostly in vain. Participants emphasise that ?one size doesn?t fit all? when it comes to avenues of gambling help for Indigenous peoples. Efforts are needed to identify how Indigenous families and extended families can best provide social and practical support to assist their loved ones to acknowledge and address gambling problems. Western Australia?s Aboriginal heritage regime: Critiques of culture, ethnography, procedure and political economy Nicholas Herriman, La Trobe University Western Australia?s Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (WA) and the de facto arrangements that have arisen from it constitute a large part of the Aboriginal ?heritage regime? in that state. Although designed ostensibly to protect Aboriginal heritage, the heritage regime has been subjected to various scholarly critiques. Indeed, there is a widespread perception of a need to reform the Act. But on what basis could this proceed? Here I offer an analysis of these critiques, grouped according to their focus on political economy, procedure, ethnography and culture. I outline problems surrounding the first three criticisms and then discuss two versions of the cultural critique. I argue that an extreme version of this criticism is weak and inconsistent with the other three critiques. I conclude that there is room for optimism by pointing to ways in which the heritage regime could provide more beneficial outcomes for Aboriginal people. Read With Me Everyday: Community engagement and English literacy outcomes at Erambie Mission (research report) Lawrence Bamblett Since 2009 Lawrie Bamblett has been working with his community at Erambie Mission on a literacy project called Read With Me. The programs - three have been carried out over the past four years - encourage parents to actively engage with their children?s learning through reading workshops, social media, and the writing and publication of their own stories. Lawrie attributes much of the project?s extraordinary success to the intrinsic character of the Erambie community, not least of which is their communal approach to living and sense of shared responsibility. The forgotten Yuendumu Men?s Museum murals: Shedding new light on the progenitors of the Western Desert Art Movement (research report) Bethune Carmichael and Apolline Kohen In the history of the Western Desert Art Movement, the Papunya School murals are widely acclaimed as the movement?s progenitors. However, in another community, Yuendumu, some 150 kilometres from Papunya, a seminal museum project took place prior to the completion of the Papunya School murals and the production of the first Papunya boards. The Warlpiri men at Yuendumu undertook a ground-breaking project between 1969 and 1971 to build a men?s museum that would not only house ceremonial and traditional artefacts but would also be adorned with murals depicting the Dreamings of each of the Warlpiri groups that had recently settled at Yuendumu. While the murals at Papunya are lost, those at Yuendumu have, against all odds, survived. Having been all but forgotten, this unprecedented cultural and artistic endeavour is only now being fully appreciated. Through the story of the genesis and construction of the Yuendumu Men?s Museum and its extensive murals, this paper demonstrates that the Yuendumu murals significantly contributed to the early development of the Western Desert Art Movement. It is time to acknowledge the role of Warlpiri artists in the history of the movement.b&w photographs, colour photographsracism, media, radio, pitjantjatjara, malarrak, wellington range, rock art, arrernte, fj gillen, engwura, indigenous gambling, ethnography, literacy, erambie mission, yuendumu mens museum, western desert art movement
