Supported by the Dept. of Primary Industries and Energy; Dept. of Agriculture Vic.; Aust. Society for Viticulture and Oenology; SA Apple and Pear Growers' Association, 22 pp.horticulture, agriculture, oenology

Mrs. Vanessa McDonald was born in Beechworth in 1917. Christened, Agnes Bertha Collins, Vanessa changed her name in 1960. Mrs. McDonald's family's connection with gold mining in the district reach back to the first of Beechworth's gold rushes, when her great grandfather, a Dutchman who adopted the name Charles Collins, arrived in 1851-1852. Mrs. McDonald spent her childhood in the isolated hamlet of Stanley, in the area known as 'Little Scotland', where she recalls helping her mother to raise younger siblings, picking apples and walnuts on the family farm, and roaming the hills for wildflowers. As a young woman Mrs. McDonald attended religious and social gatherings in the local community. In 1940 she went to Melbourne to work as a mothercraft nurse during the Second World War. She met her husband at a Beechworth football match and was married at the Stanley Methodist Church in 1941. The gold diggings known as the 'Nine Mile' became the hamlet of Stanley, after the British Prime Minister, Lord Stanley, in 1858. By the late 1850s, Stanley boasted schools, an athenaeum, a church, a weekly newspaper and several hotels and other civic infrastructure to cater for a growing population. The area attracted large numbers of Chinese miners, whose presence was frequently resisted. Like other early Victorian mining settlements, Stanley was a hotbed of political and racial tensions during the gold rush. One side of the Nine Mile Creek was known as 'Little Scotland’, the other, 'Little Ireland'. A number of Christian denominations built congregations and churches in Stanley, including the Church of England, Methodist Church, the Catholic Church, and Presbyterian Church. Stanley became part of the United Shire of Beechworth in 1871. By 1880 timber was being cut and two sawmills were established by 1887. River-dredged gold mining consumed vast amounts of timber from the forests in the area, and in 1931 the first of several softwood plantations began. This oral history recording was part of a project conducted by Jennifer Williams in the year 2000 to capture the everyday life and struggles in Beechworth during the twentieth century. This project involved recording seventy oral histories on cassette tapes of local Beechworth residents which were then published in a book titled: 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth century Beechworth'. These cassette tapes were digitised in July 2021 with funds made available by the Friends of the Burke.Following the decline in the mining and associated industries during the early-mid-twentieth century, the Beechworth district experienced a period of general economic decline. On the east side of the Dingle Range, Mrs. McDonald's father, William Henry Collins, felled timber and the family were pioneer apple orchardists. The establishment of apple orchards in Stanley reflects changes to how land was used and contributes to our understanding of the historical development of rural communities following the gold rush. Mrs. McDonald's recollections are significant for understanding family and social life in a small rural town in years leading up to the Great Depression and prior to the Second World War. This oral history recording may be compared with other oral histories and items in the Burke Museum's collection. This oral history account is socially and historically significant as it is a part of a broader collection of interviews conducted by Jennifer Williams which were published in the book 'Listen to what they say: voices of twentieth-century Beechworth.' While the township of Beechworth is known for its history as a gold rush town, these accounts provide a unique insight into the day-to-day life of the town's residents during the 20th century, many of which will have now been lost if they had not been preserved.This is a digital copy of a recording that was originally captured on a cassette tape. The cassette tape is black with a horizontal white strip and is currently stored in a clear flat plastic rectangular container. It holds up 40 minutes of recordings on each side.Mrs Vanessa McDonald /listen to what they say, beechworth, oral history, burke museum, emigration, gold rush immigration, victorian gold rush, mining families, apple orchard, forestry, forest plantation, little scotland, stanley, twentieth century history, regional australia, rural australia, farming, harvest festival, great depression, dingle range, the nine mile, australian wildflowers, high country wildflowers, mothercraft nurse, rural and regional women, social history, collins, mrs. vanessa mcdonald, building community life, shaping cultural and creative life, fruit growers, family history, changes to land use in regional victoria

Eight salmon coloured paper box labels for Portland Apples. Black print, details of grower and packer, D.H. Downes, Goraeapples, label, produce

Article by Nina Crone in Australian Garden History re James Lang, fruit-grower of Harcourtgold diggers, nina crone, james lang, fruit grower, harcourt, apples, australian garden history

1 4.1946To WG Payne from Reporter Pty Ltd account rendered 2 6.1946Ditto 3 4.1946To WG Payne from G Compton re inconvenience to growers in stands ôKö & ôLö 4 6.1946To WG Payne from HJ Noonan re registration of citrus growers & limit planting 5n.some activities of District Council since last year 6 4.1946To WG Payne from JM Ward re Mr GayfordÆs lecture on pest control measures 7 7.1946To WG Payne from HJ Noonan re notice of AGM 8 4.1946To WG Payne from G Handsyde re meeting concerning citrus growers organizations 9 5.1946To WG Payne from GW Gayford re a suitable date for his lecture 10 6.1946To WG Payne from G Handsyde re an official representation at meeting 11 5.1946To WG Payne from G Handsyde re lecture by Mr Gayford 12 3.1946To WG Payne from G Compton re congestion in sheds ôKö & ôLö 13 3.1946To WG Payne from W McKenzie re registration & licensing of growers 1410.1945To WG Payne from GW Gayford re DDT spray substitute for nicotine-sulphate 1510.1945To RS Ryan from FM Forde re concern of importation of apples from America 16n.d.To M&MDC;DL from W Payne re action of Inspectors condemning bushel cases 1710.1945To WG Payne from JM Ward re neglected orchards due to shortage of labour 1810.1945To MMDC F&PP Defence League from HC Pope re production of Secateurs 1910.1945To WG Payne from JM Ward re transferring of Orchard Supervisors 20 2.1945T0 WG Payne from HJ Noonan re copy of Conference report. To WG Payne from Reporter Pty Ltd clubs and associations, fruitgrowers and primary producers defence league of australia