Year 12 student from Templestowe, Kate Carter's VCE essay in history about Vivian Bullwinkel. Includes her correspondence with Vivian Bullwinkel while undertaking the research for this assignment.One sided photocopies on creamy paper including 14 pages essay and research documents (correspondence with Vivian Bullwinkel, with Bruce Ruxton, books extracts). Page 1: Cover: Title of essay with content details: Author's name, Teacher, Length, Due date. Includes a small photograph of nurse V. Bullwinkel. Black & white front page of a high school student's assignment with student name and contact details in the top left, title of the assignment and other administrative details in a variety of fonts and sizes. Included on left left lower on the page is the photocopy of a black and white photograph of a woman captioned 'Vivian Bullwinkel Born 1915'. Page 2: Table of contents Page 3: I - Section A: Acknowledgments Page 4: II - Abstract Page 5: III - Introduction Pages 6 to 7: 1 - Section B - Short Essay Pages 8 to 12: 3 - Section C - Research Essay Page 13: 8 - Section D - Footnotes Page 14: 9 - Bibliography Typed letter from BC Ruxton to Kate Carter (18/01/1990) Handwritten letter from Vivian Bullwinkel to Kate Carter with typed Curriculum Vitae (3 pages) (30/06/1990) Typed letter from Kate Carter to Vivian Bullwinkel (05/07/1990) with 2 pages of questions Handwritten letter from Vivian Bullwinkel to Kate Carter answering the questions (8 pages) (17/07/1990) Typed letter from Kate Carter to Returned Nurses Solo Branch (30/07/1990) (2 copies) 1 page of copies of images from "Captives" 1 page of copies of drawings from "Mike Willsees Australians" Tenko Tenko! 1 page of sketches ("sent with my letter from Vivian") 1 page of sketches ("also sent to me by Vivian") 1 copy of article from Weekend Magazine 1988 "Key to history gets a new keeper" 2 pages of copies from "Captives" 1 page of copies from a diary extract 1 page with two copies of newspaper articles 'Kate Carter / [Personal information withheld]' [Top right corner written in blue ink]vivian statham (nee bullwinkel), kate carter, bruce ruxton, banka island, wwii, ww2, world war two

Small article on the memorial 44km east of Hamilton Victoria, to the nurses who were lost when the Vyner Brooke was sunk and the subsequent massacre of survivors on Banka Island during WWII. A new and previous memorials were dedicated by Vivian Statham (neé Bullwinkel) and Betty Jeffrey, both of who served in WWII, Vivian Statham being the only survivor of the Banka Island Massacre. Both Statham & Jeffrey were Japanese POWs together. There is a photo of the most recent memorial cairn below the article.Full half newspaper spread with multiple stories in black text, three advertisements and two black and white photographs.agnes betty jeffrey, vivian statham (nee bullwinkel), vyner brooke memorial, banka island massacre memorial, nurses memorial

Biographical article on Mary Elizabeth Cuthbertson (killed on Bangka Island) of Ballarat and the upcoming exhibition of her wartime & personal effects at Soverign Hills Gold Museum. Article mentions Vivian Bullwinkel and her dedication to the nurses she survived in the massacre.Large newspaper clipping with four columns of text and two black and white photographs in diagonal corners. Photo in top right hand corner a portrait of a young woman in army nursing uniform. Photo in bottom left hand corner of a woman cleaning a cape on a stand.'Ballarat Courier 7/9/85' [red ink along lower edge of page]wwii, world war two, ww2, bangka island, ss vyner brooke, mary elizabeth cuthbertson, vivian statham (nee bullwinkel)

Biographical article on Mary Elizabeth Cuthbertson (killed on Bangka Island) of Ballarat and the upcoming exhibition of her wartime & personal effects at Soverign Hills Gold Museum. Article mentions Vivian Bullwinkel and her dedication to the nurses she survived in the massacre.Photocopy of a large newspaper clipping. Small photo in top right hand corner of an Army Nurse. Larger photo in bottom left corner of an assistant curator preparing a cape for exhibition. Large underlined title. The remaining page is divided into two small and two large columns of text.wwii, ww2, world war two, banka island, army nurse, mary elizabeth cuthbertson, ss vyner brooke

A collection of media relating to Royal Australian Army Nurses during and after the Second World War, including memorial and commemorative ceremonies, nurse biographies and experiences, book reviews, news articles, and photographs.Blue post-bound album with triple gold lined border around the front cover and tiny gold square dots spaced out within the border. Hand-written in gold ink across the front is 'media album 2000'. There is gold writing down the spine. The album contains a large collection of photographs and mixed media items ranging from magazine and newspaper clippings, photocopies of articles, colour and black and white photos in a range of sizes, menu cards, ceremony programs.'MEDIA / ALBUM / 2000' [Hand written in gold ink on the front cover, the 2000 is quite smudged] 'RAANCA MEDIA 2000' [Hand written in gold ink down the spine] ' "M" ' [Hand written in black ink at the top of the spine] royal australian army nursing corps, raanc, ceremonies, returned nurses club, anzac day march, anniversaries, wwii, second world war, ww2, sister vivian bullwinkel, military nursing - australia, sister molly young, korean conflict, shirley porter, joan wicks (nee bray), sister ellen mccarthy, banka massacre

Hard Copiesww11, cuthbertson, banka, bangka, island, singleton, pow, newspaper, 1997, dedication, australian service nurses national memorial, canberra, 2000, vivian, statham, bullwinkel, survivor, banka island, massacre, doig, retirement, book, our war nurses, history, royal australian army nursing corps, 1902-1988, goodman,1988

Contains a two and a half page article on Matron Vivian Bullwinkel 'sole survivor of the Banka Massacre in 1942'. Yellow background overlaid by a large green vertical strip down the centre that contains a painted image of a military nurse. There is a wide horizontal yellow strip across the top of the page with the journal details printed in white text and two flags crossing in the centre. There is a thin horizontal strip across the bottom of the page with black text printed in it. On the back of the cover are two advertisements. The other four pages are pages 9 -12 of the journal and contain two columns of text running down each page.world war two, wwii, ww2, vivian bullwinkel, banka island, ss vyner brooke, prisoner of war

Vivian Bullwinkel, sole survivor of the 1942 Banka Island massacre. She began her nursing career in Hamilton, Victoria, before moving to the Jessie McPherson Hospital in Melbourne in 1940. She joined the Australian Army Nursing Service in September 1941 Seat in proximity to the Ballarat Prisoner of War MemorialVivian Bullwinkel, AO, MBE, ARRC, ED, FNM Her heroism, courage and humanitarian achievements are unique. Valued member of Soroptimist International Victoria Incvivian bullwinkel, memorial seat ballarat

Melville Civic Square saw an early Anzac service on [17 April 1988], as the square's civic clock tower was dedicated as a memorial to local residents who fought for Australia. The service included a requiem by Mrs Vivian Statham, the sole survivor of the Banka Island massacre.A newspaper clipping of a large black and white photo of an older woman smiling and holding a memorial wreath in front of a clock tower, above two small columns of text.' "The West Australian ' 18/4/88 ' [blue ink, along top]vivian bullwinkel, japanese, sumatra, jack howson, bicentennial authority, don ingersole

Illustrated book. Front cover has a painting by Cynthia Breusch depicting two female figures carrying a container hanging from a pole on their shoulders. Behind them is a barbwire topped fence. The book title is printed over this painting in red and white ink. The author's name is printed in white below the title, and the publisher's mark is printed in black above the title. The Spine is cream in colour, with abbreviated title printed in red, author's surname and publishers mark printed in black. The back cover has a cream background, with quotes from two nurses and a summary of the book overprinted in blacknon-fictionExperiences of Australian Army nurses who were prisoners of the Japanese during World War twoworld war 1939-1945, australian army nurses, prisoners of war, military nursing, nurses

Jim Kinnersly brought photo to Nurses Commemorative Service held at the Arch of Victory, Ballarat on Sunday, 16th February 2020. The Service was to remember all nurses who have served our country, and in particular Sr Beth Cuthbertson, WW11, who lost her life in the Banka Island Massacre. The 16th February is the anniversary of that Massacre which happened in 1942.Digital Copycuthbertson, 1929, 1930s, jim kinnersly, diphtheria, ww11, banka island

WWII historical significancePortrait of Vivian Bullwinkel AO, MBE (1915 - 2000)Vivian Bullwinkel, a Second World War army nursing sister, is best known as the sole survivor of the infamous Banka Island massacre, in which 21 of her colleagues were killed by Japanese troops. Her courage while a prisoner of the Japanese for over three and a half years exemplified the bravery of Australian women in war, and her distinguished postwar career was marked by many humanitarian achievements.

Front page - Governor, Sir Dallas Brooks, opens the War Nurses' Memorial Centre on St Kilda Road. The centre is a memorial to the 75 Australian nurses who lost their lives in the war. The centre will offer various rooms for use and house the the headquarters of the Australian College of Nursing. General Sir Thomas Blamey, chairman of the Centre Committee said there was hardly a fighting soldier who had not at some time experienced the care and devotion to duty of the service sisters. Back page - Left hand clipping - About 500 people, including more than 100 service and civilian nurses attended the ceremony that opened the War Nurses Memorial Centre. The centre is a refurbished and converted house. The crowd also included former POWs and relatives of the 75 nursing sisters who lost their lives in the 1939-45 war. Dr Garnet Leary gave 100 pounds towards the establishment of a nurses' library in the centre. Back page - Right hand clippings - top - The author heard a service broadcasted from St Paul's Cathedral and felt overwhelming gratitude towards nurses. bottom - After the dedication of the War Nurses Memorial Centre, the author was reminded of two instances of senseless loss of nurses' live during the war. May 1943, the Australian hospital ship, the Centaur, was torpedoed by the Japanese, resulting in 299 dead, eleven of them nurses, and only 64 survivors. Also the Banka massacre, where 22 nurses were shot by the Japanese, after surviving the sinking of their ship. Only one nurse survived the massacre. Three newspaper clippings have been glued to either side of a lined sheet of paper. Front of page - A newspaper clipping of two black and white photos and a short story in two columns. the larger photo is of two men in military uniform walking through women in nurses uniforms lined up on either side of a path. The smaller photo is of three women, all wearing nurse's uniforms, one woman holding a tray with cups. Back of page -Two newspaper clippings have been glued to a lined sheet of paper. The left hand clipping consists of a large black and white photo of a crowd of people and nurses outside a nice house, and a column of text. The right hand clipping is of two separate paragraphs of text, both appear to be letters to the editor.'Feb 19 50.' [blue ink, front of page, top right]melbourne, wwii, ww2, st kilda road, muriel violet turner laing, thomas blamey, annie moriah sage, muriel brooks, queensland, vivian bullwinkel, heidelberg military hospital

The Swan Hill Military Museum, unique in Australia, if not the Southern Hemisphere tells a different story to most war museums. Every item has a personal story story with it. Included in the area especially set aside for members of the women's services are the uniforms of Sisters Vivian Bullwinkel and Veronica Clancy, both of which have very interesting stories to tell. Both nurses survived the sinking of the Vyner Brooke, by Japanese bombs. Sister Clancy was able to make it ashore on a raft using her uniform as a sail. After coming ashore Sister Bullwinkel joined a group of other nurses, only to become the sole survivor of the Banka Island massacre, when she feigned death after being machine gunned down with the other nurses by the Japanese. A large newspaper clipping consisting of five columns of text and two black and white photos. The first photo shows a display of a military jacket with medals and a nurse's uniform, while the second photo shows a man and a woman looking at a military display.'WWII' [blue ink, top, right of centre] '26-10.72' [blue ink, top right corner]crimean war, sudan war, boer war, world war 1, world war one, wwi, ww1, world war 2, wwii, ww2, korean war, vietnam war, pioneer settlement, general sir william birdwood, anzac, gallipoli, pow

Our war heroines have always received less attention than their male counterparts, but Dr Rupert Goodman is helping to set the record straight, with the first book to give a comprehensive history of Australia's war nurses. Among those commemorated in the book are the nurses killed or died in action in World War II. Dr Goodman says one of the most outstanding episodes was the sinking of the hospital ship, the Centaur, off Brisbane by a Japanese sub. Of 11 sisters, one survived, Sister Savage and she kept up the morale of the survivors in shark-infested waters for 24 hours. Another was Sister Anderson, who was tending wounded on deck aboard the Empire Star and threw herself over a Digger to protect him from strafing as they were escaping from the fall of Singapore. Or the Banka Island massacre. Twenty three nurses were ordered to march into the sea and were shot dead. Only one survived, Sister Vivian Bullwinkel, after feigning death, she returned to shore tended to a wounded solider, then was captured and became a POW.A newspaper clipping of three columns of text with a black and white photo above of three women, two obviously in nurse's uniformwwii, ww2, world war two, our war nurses - the history of the royal australian army nursing corps 1902-1988, george medal, banker island, edith cavell, world war 1, world war one, ww1, wwi, war memorial, canberra

Very brief biological article listing decorations and positions of distinction held by Vivian Statham (neé Bullwinkel) prior to her upcoming (at time of printing) retirement as Matron of the Fairfield Hospital: - Born Kapunda, South Australia - Nurse training at Broken Hill District Hospital (1934-39) - Served with 13th Australian General Hospital (AGH) in WWII - Went down on Vyner Brooke - Only survivor of Banka [sic] Island massacre and was Japanese Prisoner of War - Post WWII was Matron of Heidelberg General Hospital (1956-60) - Trustee of the National War Memorial, Canberra 1963 - Deputy Principal Commandant of the Australian Red Cross 1964 - Achieved a Diploma of Nursing Administration - Awarded the Florence Nightingale MedalA newspaper clipping consisting of titles, four columns of text and a black and white photo of a middle aged woman outside a building.ww2, wwii, world war two, vivian statham (nee bullwinkel), retirement

Story one - Horror Island The story retells the story of the Vyner Brooke bombing and the following massacre of twenty one nurses on a Banka Island beach. The Vyner Brooke was carrying almost 300 women, children and elderly men fleeing Singapore for Australia. On the ship were also 65 nurses from the 10th and 13th Australian General Hospital. A few days into their journey they were spotted by the Japanese and subsequently bombed, with three out of the 29 bombs dropped scoring direct hits. Only seventy people survived to make it to the nearby Banka Island. The smaller group, that included twenty two nurses, surrendered to the Japanese, who shot and bayoneted the men, then shot the nurses, with only one surviving. Wilma Young (pictured) was among the larger group who were luckier, only being taken prisoners. Story two - She saw her friends die around her... The only survivor of the Banka Island massacre, Vivian Bullwinkel (pictured), testified at the 1946 war crimes trial in Japan. Vivian gave evidence of the massacre, not for revenge, but for the sake of the twenty two nurses who died around her. A large folded newspaper page, folded to show, in the middle, a large title above the main story and associated black and photo, of an older woman holding a cat. At the top is a shorter, related story under a title, with a black and white photo of a woman in uniform, seated next to a man in uniform. wwii, ww2, world war two, pow, prisoner of war, wilma oram, empire star, british

The Weekend Australian lift out from ANZAC Day 1999. Contains article titles as follows: 'The Sisters' story' by Katie Holmes - p1 - Beginning of an article talking about the circumstances of nurses in warfare, duties, conditions, etc. Continued on p8 'Private battles' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Article gives a brief overview of how armed forces nursing services were formed, why and how they developed, including major players such as Nellie Gould and Grace Wilson. '100 years of service, dedication' - p2 - Timeline of armed forces nursing services. 'Wild dogs and 13 patients' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Edited extract from recollections of Julia Anderson who served as a nurse in the Boer War. 'A pioneer called Nellie' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Brief biographical article on Nellie Gould. 'Into the mess' by Jan Bassett - p3 - Article on the conditions faced by WWI nurses serving overseas including memories of various nurses. 'Tragedy made more personal' by Jan Bassett - p3 - Brief biographical article on Grace Wilson. 'The old ship is heaven after the peninsula' - p3 - Edited excerpt from WWI diary of Ella Jane Tucker. 'In Memoriam' - p4-5 - Names of nurses who have died as a result of war service from Boer war to Vietnam war. 'Hell of Banka' by Catherine Kenny - p6 - Article providing basic details on the sinking of the Vyner Brooke, massacre on Banka Island, survival of Vivian Bullwinkel and later surrender to Japanese. 'A will to remember' by Catherine Kenny - p6 - Article providing overview of stories shared by surviving Japanese POW nurses including Betty Jeffrey, Wilma Young (neé Oram), Jessie Hookway (neé Simons), Pat Darling (neé Gunther), Vivian Bullwinkel, Lorna Johnson (neé Whyte), and Mavis Cation (neé Cullen). Article also discussed artistic representations of the stories on stage and screen. 'Making do to survive' by Jessie Simons - p6 - Reprinted excerpt from book by same author 'Japanese Hands Australian Nurses as POWs'. 'Grim miracles' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Article on experiences of nurses in the Vietnam war including Colleen Mealy, Anne Hall, Trish Ferguson, Jan McCarthy, Del Waterman, Terrie Roach and Anne Healy. 'Anyone's blood was welcome' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Brief article of the working conditions of civilian nurses in Vietnam during the war, including recollections of Jenny James, Fran Sardelich and Kay Collett (radiographer not nurse). 'A long day's journey' - p7 - Brief interview article with Del Waterman an RAAF Nurse who served in Malaysia during the Vietnam war. 'Attitudes changes in the face of suffering' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Brief interview article with Anne Hall on her time as an army nurse during the Vietnam war. 'Neglected heroes' by Ken Inglis - p8 - An article on war memorial recognition or lack of for nurses throughout history of memorials in Australia, how some were recognised and others not and how attitudes have changed over time. '100 years of service, skill and sacrifice' by Katie Holmes - p8 - Continuation of article on p1. 'Sisters in arms' - p8 - Box insert of numbers of military nurses who served in major conflicts from Boer - Gulf wars.A large newspaper lift out with text in red, blue and black. Front cover has large headings and a large sepia toned photo featuring a woman in nurses uniform with men in dressing gowns around her. The lift out is made up of two pieces of paper folded to make 8 pages of articles.nursing in warfare, anzac day, memorial

The Weekend Australian lift out from ANZAC Day 1999. Contains article titles as follows: 'The Sisters' story' by Katie Holmes - p1 - Beginning of an article talking about the circumstances of nurses in warfare, duties, conditions, etc. Continued on p8 'Private battles' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Article gives a brief overview of how armed forces nursing services were formed, why and how they developed, including major players such as Nellie Gould and Grace Wilson. '100 years of service, dedication' - p2 - Timeline of armed forces nursing services. 'Wild dogs and 13 patients' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Edited extract from recollections of Julia Anderson who served as a nurse in the Boer War. 'A pioneer called Nellie' by Jan Bassett - p2 - Brief biographical article on Nellie Gould. 'Into the mess' by Jan Bassett - p3 - Article on the conditions faced by WWI nurses serving overseas including memories of various nurses. 'Tragedy made more personal' by Jan Bassett - p3 - Brief biographical article on Grace Wilson. 'The old ship is heaven after the peninsula' - p3 - Edited excerpt from WWI diary of Ella Jane Tucker. 'In Memoriam' - p4-5 - Names of nurses who have died as a result of war service from Boer war to Vietnam war. 'Hell of Banka' by Catherine Kenny - p6 - Article providing basic details on the sinking of the Vyner Brooke, massacre on Banka Island, survival of Vivian Bullwinkel and later surrender to Japanese. 'A will to remember' by Catherine Kenny - p6 - Article providing overview of stories shared by surviving Japanese POW nurses including Betty Jeffrey, Wilma Young (neé Oram), Jessie Hookway (neé Simons), Pat Darling (neé Gunther), Vivian Bullwinkel, Lorna Johnson (neé Whyte), and Mavis Cation (neé Cullen). Article also discussed artistic representations of the stories on stage and screen. 'Making do to survive' by Jessie Simons - p6 - Reprinted excerpt from book by same author 'Japanese Hands Australian Nurses as POWs'. 'Grim miracles' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Article on experiences of nurses in the Vietnam war including Colleen Mealy, Anne Hall, Trish Ferguson, Jan McCarthy, Del Waterman, Terrie Roach and Anne Healy. 'Anyone's blood was welcome' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Brief article of the working conditions of civilian nurses in Vietnam during the war, including recollections of Jenny James, Fran Sardelich and Kay Collett (radiographer not nurse). 'A long day's journey' - p7 - Brief interview article with Del Waterman an RAAF Nurse who served in Malaysia during the Vietnam war. 'Attitudes changes in the face of suffering' by Siobhan McHugh - p7 - Brief interview article with Anne Hall on her time as an army nurse during the Vietnam war. 'Neglected heroes' by Ken Inglis - p8 - An article on war memorial recognition or lack of for nurses throughout history of memorials in Australia, how some were recognised and others not and how attitudes have changed over time. '100 years of service, skill and sacrifice' by Katie Holmes - p8 - Continuation of article on p1. 'Sisters in arms' - p8 - Box insert of numbers of military nurses who served in major conflicts from Boer - Gulf wars.A large newspaper lift out with text in red, blue and black. Front cover has large headings and a large sepia toned photo featuring a woman in nurses uniform with men in dressing gowns around her. The lift out is made up of two pieces of paper folded to make 8 pages of articles.nursing in warfare, anzac day, memorial

Colour front cover, drawn image of people carrying a pole with a rectangular bucket suspended on the pole, the people wear hats and the sky is an orangey colour. Back cover has some quotes from nurses featured in the book as well as a blurb describing the book. Book is covered in clear contact.non-fiction"Hunger and humiliation were just some of the privations endured by those members of the Australian Army Nursing Service who were captives of the Japanese during World War II. Of the thirty-two held in Sumatra and on Banka Island, twenty-four survived the severe physical conditions in the prison camps. Another group captured in Rabaul were held in Japan, where the cold was as bitter as their hunger. This is the dramatic account of those Australian nurses, of their struggles and their support for each other through the long years of war and captivity. In includes the horrifying story of Vivian Bullwinkel, the sole survivor of the callous massacre on Banka Island where twenty-three women were ordered into the sea and shot. It records the degradation of the daily 'tenko', the starvation and appalling lack of hygiene, but also tells how the women were at times able to rise above these miseries through their concerts and the soaring harmonies of the voice choir. Catherine Kenny interviewd many of the nurses and collected photographs, diaries and letters from the Australian War Memorial as well as from the women themselves." Blurb on back cover of book.wwii, world war 2, world war two, japan, pow, pows, prisoners of war, prisoner of war, australian army nursing service, mitliary nursing, australian army

Colour front cover, drawn image of people carrying a pole with a rectangular bucket suspended on the pole, the people wear hats and the sky is an orangey colour. Back cover has some quotes from nurses featured in the book as well as a blurb describing the book. non-fiction"Hunger and humiliation were just some of the privations endured by those members of the Australian Army Nursing Service who were captives of the Japanese during World War II. Of the thirty-two held in Sumatra and on Banka Island, twenty-four survived the severe physical conditions in the prison camps. Another group captured in Rabaul were held in Japan, where the cold was as bitter as their hunger. This is the dramatic account of those Australian nurses, of their struggles and their support for each other through the long years of war and captivity. In includes the horrifying story of Vivian Bullwinkel, the sole survivor of the callous massacre on Banka Island where twenty-three women were ordered into the sea and shot. It records the degradation of the daily 'tenko', the starvation and appalling lack of hygiene, but also tells how the women were at times able to rise above these miseries through their concerts and the soaring harmonies of the voice choir. Catherine Kenny interviewd many of the nurses and collected photographs, diaries and letters from the Australian War Memorial as well as from the women themselves." Blurb on back cover of book.wwii, world war 2, world war two, japan, pow, pows, prisoners of war, prisoner of war, australian army nursing service, mitliary nursing, australian army

This story explains Vivian Stratham's ongoing mistrust of the Japanese people and her concerns that the television drama being made about her her war service and time as a POW may be sensationalist as the production company making the film was not of her choosing.A newspaper clipping from a larger page with three columns of text with a black and white photo of the same woman on either side. In the left photo the woman has her hand on her chin and looks concerned, while in the right photo she is smiling.ww2, wwll, vivien stratham, vivian bullwinkel, banka island, singapore, roadshow, mike willesee, rachel ward, hector crawford productions, bicentenary

The article details the war time recollections of Vivian Bullwinkel, sole survivor of the Japanese massacre of Australian nurses in 1942. The Australian Army nurses, with 200 civilians, were aboard the SS Vyner Brook when the Japanese bombed and sank the ship. After ten hours, twenty four nurses survived to make it ashore on Banka Island. The Japanese took them prisoner and then proceeded to shoot them all, after first bayoneting forty Bristish prisoners. Vivian was shot in the side and pretended she was dead. Vivian credits her initial survival to the duty she felt to a fellow survivor of the massacre, a British man. They then had to make the decision that giving themselves up to the Japanese was their best chance of survival. After threes years as a POW Vivian had lost alot of weight and seen many die, but she had continued to care for those that were her patients. More than 50 years later Vivian is to return to Banka Island as and honoured guest of Indonesia, to chose the site of of a memorial to her dead comrades. Vivian avoids talking in detail about her POW experiences but she does have strong views on selling Australian land to Japanese investors. The Japanese government had recently apologised for the atrocities they committed, but Vivian believes the apology was not specific enough. The first page of a magazine article including two columns of text and a colour reproduction of a painting of a woman in nurse's uniform, page one of two'N22' [blue ink, top right]ww2, wwii, red cross, frank statham, dutch east indies, anzac day

The article details the war time recollections of Vivian Bullwinkel, sole survivor of the Japanese massacre of Australian nurses in 1942. The Australian Army nurses, with 200 civilians, were aboard the SS Vyner Brook when the Japanese bombed and sank the ship. After ten hours, twenty four nurses survived to make it ashore on Banka Island. The Japanese took them prisoner and then proceeded to shoot them all, after first bayoneting forty Bristish prisoners. Vivian was shot in the side and pretended she was dead. Vivian credits her initial survival to the duty she felt to a fellow survivor of the massacre, a British man. They then had to make the decision that giving themselves up to the Japanese was their best chance of survival. After threes years as a POW Vivian had lost alot of weight and seen many die, but she had continued to care for those that were her patients. More than 50 years later Vivian is to return to Banka Island as and honoured guest of Indonesia, to chose the site of of a memorial to her dead comrades. Vivian avoids talking in detail about her POW experiences but she does have strong views on selling Australian land to Japanese investors. The Japanese government had recently apologised for the atrocities they committed, but Vivian believes the apology was not specific enough. First page of a magazine clipping consisting of a large title with two columns of text next to a colour reproduction of a painting of a nurse Second page of a magazine clipping consisting of three columns of text under a large colour photo of an older man and woman leaning into each other'N22' [blue ink, top left, first page]ww2, wwii, red cross, frank statham, dutch east indies, anzac day

The newspaper clipping is the second of two extract from 'Prisoners of War: Australians Under Nippon', by Hank Nelson. The extract touches on the conditions the nurses serving in Singapore experienced, moving into the eventual evacuation. The first nurses were evacuated on February 10, [1942], with half of the remainder the following day, and the final nurses were evacuated February 13. These sixty-five nurses were aboard the Vyner Brooke with 300 other passengers, mostly women and children. The ship was spotted and bombed the next day. Sister Vivian Bullwinkel, clinging to the side of a lifeboat, came ashore on Radji Beach, Banka Island. She became one of a group of twenty-two nurse, other Vyner Brooke passengers and twenty British soldier from another bombed ship. This group decided to surrender to the Japanese, who proceeded to kill all but one British soldier and Vivian Bullwinkel. After holding out for ten days the pair made their way to Muntok, hiding the evidence they had both survived a massacre. Of the sixty-five nurses to board the Vyner Brooke, twelve had drowned, twenty-one had been killed on the beach and thirty-two became prisoners of war (POW).A newspaper clipping consisting of four large columns of text and a small black and white photo of an older woman (head).'A[G]E / 26/4'[blue ink, top left]world war 2, wwii, ww2, world war ii, olive dorothy paschke, vyner brooke, vivian bullwinkel, sumatra, palembang, jean ashton, betty jeffrey, wah sui, empire star, micky syer, banka strait, private kingsley, cecil kingsley, 10th australian general hospital

Title is printed across the middle of the cover in large white text, followed by the sub title in smaller green print below. There is a photo of Sister Betty Jeffrey in the top left corner and the bottom half of the page shows an image of a group of ten nurses posing for a photo. The background of the cover is dense green jungle.non-fictionThe incredible account of Sister Betty Jeffrey OAM and the Australian war nurses who survived the bombing of evacuation ship SS Vyner Brooke in February 1942, and subsequently spent three years in Japanese prison camps in Sumatra. During those perilous years surviving in squalid conditions, Sister Jeffrey kept a secret diary of day-to-day events which, after the war, was turned into a hugely successful book and radio serial: White Coolies. She would often write of the powerful sisterhood that evolved as the prisoners of war took strength from each other, even forming a vocal orchestra. White Coolies was a major inspiration for the 1997 film Paradise Road. Sisters in Captivity builds on those diaries to not only re-live the years the nurses spent as POWs but also recounts the early life and influences that encouraged Betty Jeffrey into the field of nursing as a lifelong endeavour. A tireless advocate for returned nurses, she co-founded the Australian Nurses Memorial Centre with sole survivor of the Banka Island Massacre, fellow POW, and her longtime friend Vivian Bullwinkel. Featuring 32 pages of photos including personal mementos of Betty Jeffrey, courtesy of her family, and her drawings from the prison camps, this is a powerful account of women's resilience amidst the devastating brutality of war.--Back cover. military nursing, military history, betty jeffrey, royal australian army nursing corps

Main story Mrs Wilma Young (nee Oram) is speaking for the first time publicly about certain happenings during World War Two, when she and other Australian Nurses were held as POWs in Sumatra. Of the 65 nurses who fled from Singapore on the Vyner Brooke in February 1942, 54 made it to Banka Island after the ship was bombed, with 21 being massacred on a beach. Over the next three years the remaining nurses were imprisonesd by the Japanese in a series of camps in Sumatra and on Banka Island, before being liberated. The group of surviving nurses had not spoken of certain events publicly before, but at 78 Mrs Wilma Young has decided to. The Japanese tried to force the nurses into participating in a makeshift brothel, or 'club' as the Japanese called it. The instructions were for four nurses to go to the 'club', but instead 28 went. They made themselves as horrible as they could, and made use of their time there by stealing sugar, toilet paper and anything else they could. Eventually four women were pressured into staying behind, but they were able to hold out against the Japanese. Eventually the Japanese gave up on this idea. The Japanese' treatment of the the nurses, as well as the other women and children in the camp was brutal. Punishments could include being made to stand out in the punishing sun for hours without a hat, or being slapped on each side of the face, hard enough to be knocked over. The daily food rations consisted of a cup of rice, sometimes supplemented palm oil, rotten vegetables or similar. Daily work for the nurses included caring for the sick prisoners, rarely with medicinal aid. In brief stories do not appear relevantA large newspaper clipping consisting of a large black and white photo with a story of four columns of text underneath, with a column of brief stories to the right. The black and photo features an older woman looking at a photo of a young woman in uniform. The story is written by John Lahey.wwii, ww2, 13th australian general hospital, major gideon jacobs, royal marines, indonesians, dutch

Brief article on wartime letters to family from Dorothy Gwendoline [Howard] Elmes a WWII nurse who was killed on Banka [sic] Island in February 1942. Niece of Elmes, Sally Alsop hopes they are to be collated and published [Published 2023: 'Back to Bangka: searching for the truth about a wartime massacre' by Georgina Banks]A newspaper clipping of a large black and white photo with a title and five columns of text beneath. The photo shows a woman in glasses sitting in front of a window holding several sheets of paper. A smaller clipping containing publication details and date is attached with sticky tape to the top edge.'NC9' [blue ink, top left, sticky taped on]dorothy gwendoline howard elmes, bangka island, wwii, ww2, world war two