This item was used on P.C. Toby Nixon and Grace Nixon's farm, "Rolling Downs" at Bete Bolong. During WW11 the farm grew carrots, red beet, cabbages, beans and maize. Because of labour shortages the government built a Prisoner of War Camp on Russell's Hill. The manager, Dick Northrope, used three Italian prisoners to frill ring small trees and shrubs between crop harvesting. The introduction of ‘frill ringing’ and poisoning with arsenical tree killers in the 1940's and 1950's helped reduce the amount of labour required and trees on more country were treated. This enabled the hill country at Bete Bolong to become more productive. The dead trees and shrubs were later cleared by Erle Broome's D7 caterpillar bulldozer. This was the first big area of 230 acres to be cleared in the Orbost district. Soon after entering World War 11 Australia was asked by Britain to accept and guard large numbers of 'enemy aliens' and prisoners of war. The British government felt that it could not afford to feed large numbers of prisoners and it was believed that once in Australia the internees would have no chance of escape. Eager to show solidarity with Britain's cause, Australia readily agreed and decided to place the prisoners in a number of different camps scattered around the country and guard them with reservists and soldiers too unfit to serve overseas. There was an internment camp at Bete Bolong, Orbost. This item is an example of an item used by the Italian P.O.W.'s residing there. It is also an example of an agricultural tool not commonly used today.A galvanized iron watering can which has been used to hold poison for ring barking trees (possibly arsenic). It has a narrow spout. There is a handle at the back and a folding handle on the top. The top is conical with an opening for a cork. agriculture prisoner-of-war-camp tree-removal land-clearing

non-fictionThis is a true story of Italians interned in England during the war years of 1940-1945. Following the disaster of the sinking of the "Arandora Star" on July 2nd 1940, the survivors were transported to Australia on the "Dunera" and kept in internment camps until the end of the war. Vittorio Tolaini"dunera", world war 1939-1945, internees, italian internees, "arandora star"

non-fictionIn 1940, during the early days of World War II, Britain panicked and deported thousands of "enemy aliens" including Jewish refugees and Italian shopkeepers, who were wrongly suspected of being enemy spies. A significant number of these deportees, many of whom were refugees fleeing Nazi persecution, perished when the ship they were being transported on, the Arandora Star, was torpedoed. arandora star, refugees, italian, dunera, brian lett

Tells the stories of those immigrants who experienced detention during World War 2 as enemy aliens in these allied nations. Some Italian families whose husbands were arrested as "security risks" were sent to internment camps such as Loveday S.A hundreds of miles away leaving their wives and families to cope alone during W.W.2Cover has colours of the Italian flag, green, white and red. Across the centre of the flag is a photo of Italian internees arriving at a camp.For our surrogate mother, Lurline Knee. Thank you for bringing the Tatura story to us. beast wishes from Claudia (Marsella) Barker may 2018.world war two, italian internees

This painting is for the Museum. It was a gift to me by an ex prisoner, whom I met when he came to Melbourne with Vic, Nicky and others. His name is Luigi Poggioli and he was a most distinguished gentleman, so distinct and well educated that I still remember him clearly (and I do not have a good memory). Perhaps I remember so well because of his kind words in verse on the painting which read :(Translation) "Ungrateful land with handsome race of Italian blood who with their hard work enriched you". Yes I believe I remember so well because of this verse. Extract from a letter from Mrs Tolaini now living in London. She is the Wife of Vittorio Tolaini who was on the Dunera and wrote of his experiences in "Voyage of an Alien" June 1991. Framed watercolour painting - 11 trees in foreground, one small hut facing towards bottom right hand corner, 4 large huts Centre of painting, black writing in Italian left and right foreground. Painting by L Poggioli. Frame is a wooden medium brown colour with a gold thin line.Front bottom left side: "To Noemi Vendramini for her 21st birthday, January 19,1945. L Poggioli, LP44 No. 2 Internment Camp, Tatura Front bottom right side: 4 lines of Italian writing translated "Ungrateful land with handsome race of Italian blood who with their hard work enriched you"camp 2, mrs tolaini, noemi vendramini, luigi poggioli, dunera boy, tolaini

Collar the Lot tells story of the round up of enemy aliens, sinking of Arandora Star and trip to Australia and life in camps in Australia.cream coloured cd in plastic case.BBC Radion Broadcast 27 April 2013 Collar the Lot Dunera and Italiansarandora star, enemy aliens