Newspaper cuttings relating to the University of Ballarat, SMB Campus. These are from various newspapers and include The Age, Ballarat Courier, The Australian, The Herald. The cuttings cover the period from 1 January 1998 to 4 April 1998. . `Book with yellow cover, front. Spiral bound.employment advertisements, application for enrolment, outline of courses, university of ballarat, smb campus, ub, new university opens, secretaries conference, h h smith, artist's legacy, amalie colquhom, anne beggs sunter, director of tafe, peter morey, work skills olympics, peter bailey gold medallist, meat industry workers, joint venture, tafe prepares to deliver courses, jobs pathway program, professor geoffrey blainey, professor david caro, chancellor, michael aldermann, centrelink first call for jobless, colour and great music, marion's pots, marion popplewell, doug sarah - community service identity, michael adermann, neville french - potter, exhibition in new york, farm field day, ballarat demonstration farm, vocational training critical, powerful drama at the courthouse, $1.5m ararat campus opened, combined talents forge forest course, apprenticeship program begins

The investigation of the x-ray appears early on to have been a priority research topic at the University of Melbourne’s School of Physics. This interest was sparked by the appointment in 1889 of Professor T.R. Lyle. Lyle, who was head of the school until 1915, is thought to have been the first person in Australia to have taken an x-ray photograph. A copy of this photograph can be found in the School of Physics Archive. For this particular experiment Lyle actually made his own x-ray tube. His successor, Professor Laby, continued to work with x-rays. During the 1920s Laby worked on the x-ray spectra of atoms and in 1930 he co-published with Dr. C.E. Eddy, Quantitative Analysis by X-Ray Spectroscopy. Also with Eddy, Laby produced the landmark paper Sensitivity of Atomic Analysis by X-rays. Laby went on to have an x-ray spectrograph of his own design manufactured by Adam Hilger Ltd. (see cat. No. 38). School of Physics, the University of Melbourne Cat. No. 22. Jacqueline Eager Student Projects Placement, Cultural Collections 2005 The original X-ray tubes relied on low pressure operation. The electrons and positive ions are produced in the residual gas. Positive ions are accelerated towards the cathode and release electrons which on hitting the anode produce X-rays. These early gas X-ray tubes operated satisfactory only over a narrow pressure range. Stamped Label: “NATURAL PHILOSOPHY LABORATORY/ No/ UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE” Stamped: “90268 M. No. 5171[??]/No. 2156[??]/ M. No. 346585.” x-ray tubes, gas x-ray tube, laby, spectroscopy

The investigation of the x-ray appears early on to have been a priority research topic at the University of Melbourne’s School of Physics. This interest was sparked by the appointment in 1889 of Professor T.R. Lyle. Lyle, who was head of the school until 1915, is thought to have been the first person in Australia to have taken an x-ray photograph. A copy of this photograph can be found in the School of Physics Archive. For this particular experiment Lyle actually made his own x-ray tube. His successor, Professor Laby, continued to work with x-rays. During the 1920s Laby worked on the x-ray spectra of atoms and in 1930 he co-published with Dr. C.E. Eddy, Quantitative Analysis by X-Ray Spectroscopy. Also with Eddy, Laby produced the landmark paper Sensitivity of Atomic Analysis by X-rays. Laby went on to have an x-ray spectrograph of his own design manufactured by Adam Hilger Ltd. (see cat. No. 38). School of Physics, the University of Melbourne Cat. No. 22. Jacqueline Eager Student Projects Placement, Cultural Collections 2005 In 1913 Coolidge overcame the limitation of the narrow operating range of the gas X-ray tubes with the invention of the vacuum X-ray tube. A filament heated by an electric current directly releases electrons by thermionic emission. In thermionic emission, electrons are emitted from a metal surface directly by the application of an electric current to heat a wire filament. The electrons accelerate to the anode and produce X-rays. The anode has associated cooling fins due to the high temperatures attained by the release of kinetic energy by the electrons on colliding with the anode. Internal Glass sleeve: “A941/L2593/2821”

The investigation of the x-ray appears early on to have been a priority research topic at the University of Melbourne’s School of Physics. This interest was sparked by the appointment in 1889 of Professor T.R. Lyle. Lyle, who was head of the school until 1915, is thought to have been the first person in Australia to have taken an x-ray photograph. A copy of this photograph can be found in the School of Physics Archive. For this particular experiment Lyle actually made his own x-ray tube. His successor, Professor Laby, continued to work with x-rays. During the 1920s Laby worked on the x-ray spectra of atoms and in 1930 he co-published with Dr. C.E. Eddy, Quantitative Analysis by X-Ray Spectroscopy. Also with Eddy, Laby produced the landmark paper Sensitivity of Atomic Analysis by X-rays. Laby went on to have an x-ray spectrograph of his own design manufactured by Adam Hilger Ltd. (see cat. No. 38). School of Physics, the University of Melbourne Cat. No. 22. Jacqueline Eager Student Projects Placement, Cultural Collections 2005 A modern X-ray tube differs little from the original Coolidge tube. A minor modification is the rotating anode type that extends the life and increases the available power of the tube by presenting a new portion of the anode when required. “P125/20/40/NrF038803 (?) SIEMENS-REINIGER-WERRE AG ERLANGEN Eigen filleung (?) mind. 0,7 mm AL” On rotating shaft: “FO/33803” On cathode: “23C”

35 Million electron volt betatron, manufactured by Siemens, was purchased through the initiative of Professor Brian Spicer (then Director of Nuclear Physics Research, SoP) in 1962. It became the basis of a large research program of photonuclear physics research finally coming to completion in 1986. Of the two “magnets”, the one for external electron beam was scrapped, the other “reprocessed” in the SoP workshop during 2003. This involved the removal of most of the iron laminations to reduce the wieght, and which were replaced by wood to simulate the magnet “yoke” ; glamorised with colour to highlight the coils etc. At the time of writing it is proposed to locate it on the south-east corner of the Physics Podium.Caption describing the object mounted on base.

"Salute to the X Ray Pioneers of Australia" by W Watson &Sons Ltd [1946] [Medical Library 610.9 WAT page 24-27 radiograph reproduction p26]Copies of the Lyle radiograph (see below) are on file with the letter (9Sept 1982) from J F Richardson (Australian Radiation Laboratory, as it was then called) detailing the description of the reproduction as follows: RADIOGRAPH OF PROFESSOR ORME MASSON'S FOOT! MOST PROBABLY THE FIRST RADIOGRAPH TAKEN IN AUSTRALIA. TAKEN BY PROFESSOR LYLE ON MARCH 3RD, 1896 USING A CROOKES DISCHARGE TUBE OF HIS OWN CONSTRUCTION

Part of a series entitled “Optical Munitions - School of Natural Philosophy, 1942-1945”. Black and white photo of Gus. Ampt and Professor Hartung examining experimental pots of optical glass; the pots have been halved in order to make the examination..In ink on lower left hand corner : “37”.

Part of a series entitled “Optical Munitions - School of Natural Philosophy, 1942-1945”. Black and white photo of Professor Hartung trmoving experimental pot of optical glass from furnace.In ink on lower left hand corner : “36”.

This X-ray tube was designed to provide electrostatic protection for the filament (cathode) so as to permit long life to be achieved at operating voltages in the range 100-300kV. It is not certain whether the tube was in use within the School by Professor Laby’s X-ray group or whether it was presented to the School by a medical user. It would be somewhat surprising if it fitted into this School of Physics Research Program at a date as late as 1933 when tubes with demountable anodes were in use.Glass bulbous X-ray tube attached at either end to metal electrodes. Mounted for demonstration on a wooden base. Dated1937On glass bulb: “Machlett Patent 1954016”

Certificate of Examination for #64 of one 6 inch glass scale, one 6 inch steel scale, and one 6 inch end gauge for Professor Lyle. 3 page document (copy) from National Physical Laboratory, Teddington. Paper held together with pin. (See also #63)

U.S. Bureau of Standards Certificates for #65 for 6 inch steel scale, 6 inch steel end measuring rod, 6 inch glass scale. Three Department of Commerce Bureau of Standards certificates submitted by Professor Lyle for scales made by H.J. Grayson. Held together by paper clip. (See also #62)

Black and white photograph of Professor Laby with optical munitions equipment. Glued on cardboard backing with red border: “Professor Laby Optical Munitions 1943”. Hand written on back of cardboard: “Professor Laby Optical Munitions 1943”. On back of cardboard stamp: “University of Melbourne School of Physics Archive”Typed label and under photo “

Black and white photo of Professor Hartung working with optical glass. Glued on cardboard backing with red border.On back of frame hand written: “Prof Hartung Chemistry School of Optical Glass 1943?” “Stamp” “University of Melbourne School of Physics Archives”

Made by Henry Grayson at home with the help of William Stone. Used to rule diffraction gratings, achieving excellent results of 2cm squared rulings on speculum metal. The instrument was transferred to Melbourne University, and used by Professor Lyle from 1917-30. Information attached to the front of object and statistical information on stand on top of object.Grayson Diffraction Grating Ruling engine consisting of multiple complex chrome and brass components. Enclosed in specially made glass and wooden display box.