This steel leather punch would be used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900when making and repairing, farm and household leather goods.Early settlers in Moorabbin Shire had to be self sufficient and made and repaired their farm and household equipment. Blacksmiths made the toolsA solid steel leather punchleatherwork, craftwork, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, early settlers

John Oxley was a shoe and butchers’ knife manufacturer, who was listed in Whitecroft UK in 1822 . By 1825, he was based in Hollis Croft. John apparently died in about 1837. He had two sons – George (1808-1879) and James (1811-1881) who took over the business. George moved to Indianna, USA and in 1868 James continued to manufacture 'Cooks’ and palette knives and steels" Oxley’s trade mark was a butcher’s knife crossed with a sharpening steel (and the letters ‘JO’). The firm stayed in the family until 1960. Early settlers were self reliant and repaired their own equipment for kitchen,dairy, farm, horses, carts using various tools . This strong steel knife is typical of the type used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire c1900Heavy duty curved steel knife with a wide blade encased in 2 thick leather straps secured with steel rivets Blade ; James Oxley with Trade Mark - a butcher’s knife crossed with a sharpening steel (and the letters ‘JO’). scratched into leather handle ; J EVANSknives, sheffield steel, oxley james ltd. , leatherworkers, saddles, horses, bootmakers, shoes, boots, builders, carpenters, early settlers, market gardeners, blacksmiths, tools, building equipment, hammers, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, highett, cheltenham,mcewan james pty ltd, melbourne, bunnings pty ltd,

Bell used by the conductor to signal to the driver to stop, proceed or an emergency stop. The flat leather strap indicates it was used on a cable tram, rather than an electric tramcar which were fitted with round leather cords. The leather strap is riveted to a round steel ring.Demonstrates a conductors communication or signal bell made for use on cable trams.Brass Conductor Communication Bell, or signal bell, consisting of cast frame, bell striker and bell pull part. Has at both ends, four open screw holes that were used to secure the bell to the roof of a tram with a flat 22mm wide leather strap attached using a steel ring.trams, tramways, conductors, bells, cable trams

The Lancaster bayonet was also issued as a side arm in New South Wales in the 1880;s to the Medical Corps.Volunteer Lancaster Sword Bayonet-A2. Australian bayonet 1880. Bayonet made of steel with brass hilt and pommel and leather handle. Scabbard leather with brass locket and chape.military, army, steel, soldiers, brass, weapon, bayonet, crimea war, armaments, leather, rifle

The early settlers of Victoria depended on horse drawn vehicles to farm, make roads and railways, deliver produce and transport people. Horse harnesses were an important requisite for all drivers and could be found wherever there were working horses. Horse Harnesses have played an essential role in different cultures throughout history. Simple, utilitarian horse harnesses made of leather straps and iron rings were being used in early China before AD 500 as well as ancient Greece and Rome, allowing horses to pull chariots and ploughs. The Greeks and Romans were the first to use a "horse collar" which distributed the weight of the harness evenly across the horse's chest rather than relying on a "throat harness" that could damage a horse's throat or choke them. During the medieval period, European horse harnesses became more elaborate and decorative. Variations of different horse harnesses were also found in Native American and Middle Eastern cultures. Horse Harnesses usually have four basic components which include - 1. Communication - the bridle, bit and reins allows the driver to communicate instructions and commands to the horse, guiding its movement and direction. 2. Draft - the collar, hame straps, hames, traces and chains enables the horse to draw and pull the load efficiently by distributing the weight and transferring the pulling force to the vehicle. 3. Stopping - the breeching band, pole straps and breast strap helps to control or stabilise the horse and vehicle when moving downhill or stopping. 4. Support - the back pad, backband, belly band and back saddle keep the harness in the correct position and proper alignment. This show harness was used by Mr. Andy Bourke when showing his Clydesdales at shows or demonstrations. Although a more modern example with decorative embellishments, it still has many essential components traditionally found in an everyday working horse harness. The original purpose of the "housen" for example, was to run rain or drizzle off the horse's neck when they had to work in wet conditions - it was laid flat for this purpose on the top of the collar. Nowadays it is purely for show and is often used to advertise a business or stud. Horse brasses and fly terrets were fastened to various parts of a horse's harness. In the early days they probably began as amulets to ward off evil and to bring good luck and continued to be used as a festive decoration. The heyday of horse brasses was between the years 1851 and 1900. Horse brasses are fastened to various parts of the harness with many of their designs being symbolic. The ornamentation on this harness (although not authentic horse brasses) are based on the horse brasses that were popular in the 19th century. This horse harness is a significant example of the equipment that was needed wherever heavy horses were being used - particularly in the early years of Victoria's settlement by white settlers. Harnesses such as this example were used with stage coaches, drays, farming equipment, delivery carts and personal transportation.A leather and metal horse harness used when showing a Clydesdale (or other breed of heavy horse). It is made up of a number of components. 1. Decorative leather cart saddle with two large cloth pads underneath (which have a scalloped leather and stud border), a raised leather pommel and a silver and red coloured metal back strap holder across the top. It has two symmetrical sets of ornamentation (silver hearts and circles) in the front and a wide strap or girth (with a maker's stamp reading "R. Mitchell Saddler") and buckle which attaches the saddle to the horse. 2. Pair of steel hames which are gently curved (to fit on a horse collar) and are topped with steel knobs. They have several steel rings and lugs (to hold straps and chains) and a "Made in England Warranted Steel" stamp. 3. Breeching harness which consists of a number of leather straps, chains and metal rings including a wide padded leather strap with a scalloped edge that sits on the back of the horse and a thick leather strap that goes around the hind quarters of a horse which is joined to the back strap with four shorter vertical straps and buckles. These straps feature silver and red patent leather trim and silver heart shaped ornamentation. The strap also features the maker's stamp of "R. Mitchell". 4. Decorative leather bridle with blinkers featuring the same silver and red patent leather trim on the cheek piece, brow band and throatlatch. It has a stainless steel "Liverpool Driving Bit" with a curb chain, a variety of decorative silver ornaments (rosettes, diamonds plus a heart and two circles) on each end of the forehead band, dropper and strap as well as a silver metal bell (sometimes known as a "fly terret" or "swinger") that sits on the headpiece of the bridle. 5. Leather "violin shaped" dropper (or hanger) with two silver rosette shaped ornaments and a stainless steel clip on the top 6. Stainless steel "Liverpool Driving Bit" with a straight mouthpiece which is ribbed on one side. It has three rein spots (spaces) and a curb chain. 7. Leather arch shaped "Housen" covered in black and red patent leather and decorated with silver studs (some spelling out F H) and bordered with a red fringe. It has a leather strap at the back and two leather loops on the front. 8. Leather padded backband (Australian style "Stallion Draught Roller") decorated with two groups of nine metal "horse brasses" or harness ornaments displaying horseshoe, starburst and horse head designs on blue, red and white striped webbing. The backband has three notched straps at each end, a buckle near the centre and the initial B stamped in two places underneath. 9. Bellyband made of leather and red, white and blue striped webbing. It has a set of three buckles at each end (which correspond with the notched straps of the backband). 10. Wide, thick leather strap which has a buckle and notches at each end. It also has the maker's stamp of "R. Mitchell Saddler". 11.One pair of long leather traces - each with a buckle and notched loop at one end, decorated with a small silver diamond shaped harness ornament. 12. Length of stainless steel heavy duty chain with two swivel connectors.Saddle - "R.MITCHELL / SADDLER" Hames - "MADE IN ENGLAND / WARRANTED / STEEL" "MADE IN ENGLAND / WARRANTED / unclear" Breeching Straps - "R. MITCHELL / MAKER / R. MITCHELL MAKER" Housen - "F H" Backband "B / B' Wide leather strap - "R. MITCHELL / SADDLER"flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, harness, horse harness, show harness, clydesdale horses, andy bourke, horse drawn cart, housen, bridle, hames, breeching straps, dropper, bit, liverpool bit, backband, harness ornamentation, bellyband, back saddle, fly terret

Boots, brown leather, leather laces, leather sole with steel heel.Stamped under sole: 85 Stamped on side of ankle: V864 654costume - male - footwear, uniforms - army, trades - leatherworking - bootmaking, passchendaele barracks trust

As used in association with flint lock firearm ca1900we believe the flask was manufactured and sold by HOLDEN ca1910leather and steel powder flaskpowder flask, military, civilian

Historical significance.Steel sword in leather scabbard with laced leather bound hilt.

Used for leg protection Circa 1900Manufactured by Holden and FrostBrown leather leg protector with leather straps and steel bucklesputtee, brown leather, leg protector

Steel handled bayonet c/w steel scabbard and leather frog On handle guard KA2 NO463 On blade 448 On scabbard 319

Steel Bayonet with compressed leather handle.Nil.

Leather Splitter Used for splicing leather drive beltsHistoric - Leather working Equipment - Leather SplitterLeather belt splicer - Leather splicer made of Timber base with a steel wedge and leather lead in puffing billy, leather drive belt, splicer

Brown Stohwasser leggings were worn from WW1 through to later years, these worn by John Cordwell in the CMF 1936. Part of the Cordwell collection donated by the family, worn by John Cordwell (Past President) during his service in the CMF 1936Pair of brown Leather Leggings of the Stohwasser Pattern with leather straps and steel buckles.clothing

The items were issued to Quentin Clifford BINKS, V245016 & VX114178 2nd AIF. Refer Cat No 1835 for his service history.Tan leather pair boots, leather laces, stacked heels. .1) Steel reinforcing on heel only. .2) Steel reinforcing on heel & toe.uniforms - army, costume accessories - male footwear, boots, binks

Colloquially called the 'Tin Hat' this helmet was designed by John L Brodie in response to the French helmets. It was easilly pressed from a single sheet of steel and saw service with all British Empire/Commonwealth Forces. Even the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) of World War I succumbed to its charms, and it also featured in early United States battles with Japan in the Pacific during World War II.Khaki steel helmet with brown leather straps

Bayonet attaches to .303 rifle used in hand to hand combat. Historic significance.Steel bayonet with metal and leather scabbard. Wooden handle.letter A enclosed in Star with X between. Arrow pointing to tip.

used in conjunction with horse collar for pulling carts and buggies Ca 1900Imported and sold by Holden and FrostBlack painted steel hames with leather strapping and bucklesequine, hames, steel and leather

Army issue name was “Boots AB” Item in the collection re “Maj A.J.Balsillie MBE”. Refer Cat No 118.5 for his service details, RSL and Council history.Pair of black leather boots size 9, steel heel + toe caps, leather laces.“9 - m - XL” on outer sole each. ‘242” on on inside outer top each.uniforms - military, costume - male footwear, boots

Belonged to Colonel Otter.Steel military sword with decorative and patterned hilt and leather strap. Brown leather and metal scabbard.swords, military equipment

These boots are an example of a successful Australian product which has been continuously manufactured since the early 20th century.A pair of men's black leather work boots. They have steel toe caps and steel edging on the heel. There are 6 X 2 eyelets.There is a wooden sole studded leather. reinforcements. On the sole is a shoe shape with "Rossi" on the sole and "Shoes Made by Rossiter's LTD ALL LEATHER SOLE" on the heel.boots footwear

Black leather bound, Illustrated with numerous beautiful steel engravingsbible, crick

Pack saddle as was used in the days that Australia was being opened up by settlersAs manufactured by Holden and FrostBrown leather pack saddle, steel hooks on the top for adding accessories. On this saddle there is a steel water cannister on one side and attached to the other is a general carry bag made from leatherHolden and Frostequine, civilian, packsaddle

Riders crop used by Equestrians to encourage their mounts forwardManufactured by Holden and Frost Ca 1900Tapered shaft leather wrapped, 380 mm long, with leather loop on tip. Steel tip on other end. equestrian, crop, whip

British pattern steel helmet with leather insert & webbing chin strap.military equipment - army, costume - male - headwear, metalcraft - steel

Wood handle, bound with leather at top; steel tool at lower endtrades, leatherworking, handcrafts

Hand forged steel, used for punching holes in leather strap's etc.rural industry, farm machinery, trades, blacksmithing

Used for carrying personal items manufactured by Holden and FrostManufactured by Holden and FrostBrown leather brief bag fabric lined steel framed and lockleather, bag, brief bag

Standard issue item as used by Australian servicemen during the conflict in Vietnam.M1 Steel helmet. Khaki green metal outer steel shell with leather chinstrap and a green board helmet inner/ liner with headband.On inner: Buttfell 6101324 On outer: Fullerton 219911vietnam, uniform, helmet, m1