No information is available on the history of these six examples of pennyweights. A pennyweight was a unit of mass that was equal in weight to 20 grains, one twentieth of an ounce and one 240th of a Troy pound. The abbreviation for a pennyweight is ‘dwt’ (denarius weight). Pennyweights were and are used in the weighing of precious metals and are still used by dentists in the measurement of the metal used in dental crowns etc. These items are of antiquarian interest and will be useful for displays. These are six pennyweights of varying weights – 5 pennyweights, 4, 3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6. They appear to be made of brass and the 5, 4 and 3 pennyweights are rounded off rectangles in shape with eight sides. The three smaller weights are rectangular in shape with nipped-off edges. ‘5 dwts’, ‘4 dwts’, ‘3 dwts’ In black labelling, ‘1499.10, 1499.11, 1499.12’ (old cataloguing numbers) pennyweights, warrnambool, denarius weight

Official guide to the 2000 Wilson Australia Junior Amateur Championships, and Wilson Junior Interstate teams matches. Brisbane 21-28 April 2000. Played at Indooroopilly Golf Club and Nudgee Golf Club. Victorian team Manager John Scrivener, assistant manager Bruce Harding. Team Members, Anthony Brown, Mark Leishmann, Troy Little, David Walker, Heath D`Altera, Luke Bower. Former HGC President Bruce Harding was a team official for Victoria's Junior teams from 2000-2010.28 p., brown text, plus 3 loose sheets with scores. Handwritten scores for each Victorian match throughout booklet.bruce harding, australian junior amateur championships, junior golf

The Pitman Benjamin Prize for Engineering Sustainability is awarded to the Civil Engineering student whose thesis best promotes sustainable engineering. It is awarded in memory of a Heather Pitman, the first woman to graduate in Engineering at Ballarat. The Pitman Benjamin Prize for Engineering Sustainability is sponsored by Benjamin Real Estate, and was first awarded in 2006. Heather was the first female graduate from Ballarat College of Advanced Education and obtained outstanding results. Throughout her career she worked predominantly in local government and for much of that time with the Shire of Ballarat, then the City of Ballarat. During that time she worked as a civil engineer and in planning. Heather was a trail blazer in many respects and was one of the first women to be employed into an engineering position at that time. It was not easy, and she applied for about 200 jobs before being employed by the Shire of Greensborough, north of Melbourne. In 2002 Heather Pitman was Land Development Engineer with the City of Ballarat. The following year she was the City of Ballarat's Manager, Building & Assets. Award sponsor Terry Benjamin was a great mentor of Heather’s sponsoring the award in her memory when she died suddenly at the age of 48. Honour Board, gold lettering University of Ballarat. Black lettering The Pitman Benjamin Prize for Engineering Sustainability. The Pitman Benjamin Prize for Engineering Sustainability has been awarded to: * 2006 - Nathan Whittle; * 2007 - Christopher Quinn; * 2008 - Vinoch Ravi; * 2009 - Troy Vanberkel; * 2010 - Nil; * 2011 - Craig Furniss; * 2012 - Joshua Handreck; * 2013 - Matthew Willis (not on board 10/6/2014); * 2013 - Daniel Camilleri (not on board 10/6/2014);pitman benjamin, nathan whittle, christopher quinn, vinodh ravi, troy vanberkel, craig furniss, joshua handreck, prize, engineering, sustainability, heather pitman, stuart benjamin, benjamin real estate

Apothecaries weights were historically used by physicians and pharmacists for the assembling of medical recipes (20 grains = 1 scruple; 3 scruples = 1 dram (drachm); 8 drams = 1 troy ounce). The coin weights were used up until about the 1940s. This coin is a stater, a 2 gram coin. The symbol for the dram was the number 3 and the letters ‘ij’ are equivalent to the Roman numerals 11 meaning two. The coin has the date March 16, 1847, the date of the registration of the coin.This coin has no known local provenance but a two-dram coin such as this would have been used by doctors and pharmacists in the Warrnambool district from the 1840s to the 1940s approximately. It will be useful for display.This brass circular weight with raised engraving has an annulus of very small dots close to the rim on the obverse and reverse sides. The edge is smooth with a small chip .It is named a StaterObverse REGISTERED MARCH 16 1847 a CROWN Reverse .TWO DRAMS 3 I j apothecaries, weight, warrnambool history

Green coloured card printed in black on one side onlyThe Zelda Social Club will hold a Social Gathering on Wednesday ... 1906. At the Prince of Wales Hall, Duke Street, Balaclava, Op. Tram Terminus. Under the strict supervision of Mr. C TROY, Hon Secretary. Visitors only admitted by invitation of Club Members. Recommended by Mr. .....zenda social club, prince of wales hall, balaclava, 20th century, st kilda - history

Grade 5 1987 Back Row L-R: Simon Herdina, Ben Pearson, Deanne Short, Misha Deikmann, Justin Clark, James Brown, David Tipple 2nd Row: Anthony King,Gavin Yu, Sean Pietersz, Dylan Coulson, Jessica Taylor, Atilla Erbasan, Troy Colliver, Tim Scott. Front Row: Lea Adams, Brooke Sinclair, Melissa Brusnahan, Paul Grbac, Geoffrey Harding, Emma Rainey, Kirsty McIver, Michelle McLean Teacher: Mr. C. Adamson

Grade 3 1987 Back Row: Ben Collinson, Alex Dinic, Paul Tsiokis, Brian Donald, Tony Aravanis, Stuart Brown. 2nd Row: Trevor Willicks, Troy Shanley, Jess Sinclair, Belinda Poulianakis, Jamina Pavlov, Alison Crawford, Mark Ingram, Paul Eldridge, Stuart Rowley Front Row: Naomi Miriklis, Emily Sykes, Tara Barker, Christie Attwod, Krista Terzioski, Rebecca Taualii, Tongauua Taualii, Brenda Milgate, Samantha Weaver Teacher: Mrs J. Eyck

This chapter consists of in-depth case studies of two location-based games played in Melbourne: Urban Codemakers (2010–11) and Wayfinder Live (2017), both designed by Troy Innocent. These games were directly funded by government bodies in Melbourne to promote the city’s cultural and artistic life to residents and tourists. But its creator was given a broad remit to fulfil these agendas and used them to reflect on the city’s history, architecture, and future development. Through auto-ethnographic observation and interviews with the designer and several players of the games, I reflect on the broader relationship between location-based games, their players, and the institutions and authorities that fund and enable them.Three of the mosaics were installed on outside walls of the Mission and were a way for the Mission to be put on the map.6 photographs depicting the Wayfinders mosaics to be scanned though an application on a phone.wayfinder, ludea, melbourne, on the map, marketing, application, cultural events

Colour photo of students: Back row Mrs. Ruth Dean (teacher ) Jackson Dole, Jamie Lock, Rachel Tingley, Phelissitie Johnston, Corrinne Packham, Jeanette Connor, Troy Moser, Mrs. Julie Gibson (teacher) Middle row Noah Dunlop, Jessica Parsons, Brandon lee, Natalie Carroll-Taylor, Caleysha Hunt, Jessica Millward, Joshua ring, Jacob Wood, Micah Elder. Front row: jack Holliday, Sonia Witcombe, Shanae Roberts, Emma Penno, Zac Allen, matthew Enever, Ashley Kenyon, Ammie boyd, Hayley Gilroy-Scott.bendigo, education, golden square primary school

Wooden box lid with metal clasp and clasp hole with brown leather 'hinge ' glued to top - / paper label glued on inside surface with shield of the Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom words 'Duet Et Mon Droit' (The motto refers to the divine right of the Monarch to govern) the words Gold Scales and weights of all descriptions By R. Vandome Titford & Co 117 Leadenhall Street London Scale makers to Her Majesty Hon Boards of Customs & Inland Revenue her ? Hon East India Comp & The Bank of England Etc ? Table of Troy Weights ….THE STANDARD PRICE OF GOLD IS; £3.17.101/2d P.O.weighing, weights & measures

The Gurley enterprise was established in 1845, first as the partnership of Phelps & Gurley and in 1852 as W. & L. E. Gurley. William Gurley and his younger brother Lewis E. were both engineering alumni of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, in Troy, NY, and brought to the business a hunger for technical innovation and unrivaled marketing skill. Exposure at the Centennial Exposition in 1876 launched the company into international prominence from which it never fell. The brothers built a factory in 1852 that operated in departments, each department turning out different components, which were then assembled. This revolutionized the industry which, to that time, operated as small shops making, essentially, individual instruments. Gurley was able to roughly halve the price of their instruments over those of their competition, while maintaining quality. (https://www.gurley.com/history)A timber box of 30 lantern Slides.astronomy, lantern slides, gunn's, w. & l.e. gurley

Poster heading - 'Gold' - 'In the whole world, only 47 nuggets weighing over 30lbs Troy have been recorded. Of these 40 are from Australia. The region from Ballarat around to Bendigo yielded 32 of these large nuggets. This monument erected in 1897 by the Mines Department, is the only one ever erected to honour the discovery of a gold nugget. The 'Welcome Stranger' nugget was unearthed on 5th February, 1869, weighing 2316 ounces and it was sold for 9.553 pounds'. Poster includes a map of Victoria depicting the main gold mining areas, also mention of gypsum, and tin in northern Victoria. A photo of the monument to the discovery of the 'Welcome Stranger' nugget found 1 1/4 miles from Moliagul in the bottom corner.document, gold

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School Year 4/W 2001 class and their teachers. Their names are: Back Row, L to R: Daniel Dole, Troy Moser, Aleasha Burton, Jeanette Conner, Hayden Dixon, Rachel Tingley, Mr John Wakker (Teacher). Middle Row, L to R: Caitlyn Anderson, Ms Jo Bury (Teacher), Brianna Dalrymple-Monro, Justin Tout, James Rooke, Corrinne Packham, Alysia Semmens, Jamie Lock, Emily Zerella, Jayden O'Brien, Brett Monti. Front Row, L to R: Ashley Kenyon, Erica Dalrymple-Monro, Tyrone O'Neill, Andrew Rosos, Matthew Enever, Rhiannon Veal, Jacob Wood, Stephanie Murphy.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school year 4/w 2001, daniel dole, troy moser, aleasha burton, jeanette conner, hayden dixon, rachel tingley, mr john wakker (teacher), caitlyn anderson, ms jo bury (teacher), brianna dalrymple-monro, justin tout, james rooke, corrinne packham, alysia semmens, jamie lock, emily zerella, jayden o'brien, brett monti, ashley kenyon, erica dalrymple-monro, tyrone o'neill, andrew rosos, matthew enever, rhiannon veal, jacob wood, stephanie murphy

A photo of President Sullivan at Brighton Grammar Junior School presenting a boy, Troy Robinson, with a plaque with the Legacy torch emblem alongside the Junior School Master, Mr Peter Toms. L/ Sullivan is also seen speaking at a school assembly and standing by a tree that had been planted in honour of Legatee Tom Bell in 1989 (see item 01538). The label explains the link to Brighton Grammar Junior School was fostered by the late L/ Tom Bell, although not a past pupil he endeared himself to the school that on his death shortly after the 1989 badge appeal the students planted a tree in his honour at a special memorial service. For many years the boys from Brighton Grammar Junior School raised money from the sale of Legacy badges and the President would present them with a plaque of appreciation. Between 1991and 1995 the boys have raised in excess of $16,000. Photos were in a scrapbook of photos spanning 1983 to 1991. A record of Brighton Grammar School fundraising for Legacy.Colour photo x 4 of boys at Brighton Grammar with President Sullivan and a pink paper label.Typed on the pink paper label explained the link to the tree planted to honour Tom Bell.fundraising, john sullivan, brighton grammar

Coloured photograph of the Golden Square Primary School Year 2-3/M 1999 classes and their teachers. Children are wearing school uniform. Their names are: Back Row, L to R: Dzintra Martin (Teacher), Aleasha Burton, Rachel Tingley, Christie Harty, Casey Buck, Phelissitie Johnston, Kirby Adams, Julia Morris, Hayden Dixon, Jenny Levett (Teacher). Middle Row, L to R: Corrinne Packham, Alysia Semmens, Racheal Herbert, Jeanette Connor, Jamie Lock, Jesse Ellis, Marcus Threlfall, Henry Anderton, Troy Moser. Front Row, L to R: Lance Bennett, Chloe Boyd, Andrew Rosos, Lisa Downes, Matthew Enever, Ayden Dawkins, Ashley Kenyon, Stephanie Murphy, Jacob Wood. Oval sketch of the school on the right of the names.education, primary, golden square laurel st p.s., golden square laurel street p.s. collection - photograph - golden square primary school year 2-3/m 1999, dzintra martin (teacher), aleasha burton, rachel tingley, christie harty, casey buck, phelissitie johnston, kirby adams, julia morris, hayden dixon, jenny levett (teacher), corrinne packham, alysia semmens, racheal herbert, jeanette connor, jamie lock, jesse ellis, marcus threlfall, henry anderton, troy moser, lance bennett, chloe boyd, andrew rosos, lisa downes, matthew enever, ayden dawkins, ashley kenyon, stephanie murphy, jacob wood

This 'Dayton Scale' was used in a grocery shop in Moorabbin Shire in 20thC to measure grain, sugar, fruit, vegetables, lollies, etc as required by the shopkeeper for the purchase by customers. The Dayton Scale Company, originally known as the Computing Scale Company, built and marketed the first computing scale in 1891. It was part of the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company formed in 1911, and became an IBM division in 1933. The Dayton Scale Division was eventually sold to the Hobart Manufacturing Company when IBM decided to stop marketing scales to retail stores. The Computing Scale Company of Dayton was operated from 1891-1914 by two businessmen from Dayton, Ohio who purchased patents on the recently invented computing scale. It was merged with other companies to become the forerunner company for IBM. On July 20 1897 Mr CC Hobart & Herbert L. Johnson formed the Hobart Electrical Manufacturing Company in Troy, Ohio USA. 1915 Hobart continues its growth into the World market, opening a sales office in Australia. Dayton grocery scales, capacity 2 pounds, Imperial Measure. It is made from white painted steel with a large metal scoop that sits on 2 steel rods attached to a balance beam connected to a recording mechanism that displays the ‘weight’ in a glass framed gauge. In window of glass framed gauge ; DAYTON SCALE CO. / OHIO USA ; Computed from 0 – 2LB in 1oz sections weights, measures, shops, scales. balances, grocery stores, early settlers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, dayton scales company, ibm pty ltd., hobarrt electrical manufacturing company, hobart c.c., johnson herbert l, computing scale company ohio

Set of three news paper clippings from The Age? Natage? about the launch of the 2018-2019 Melbourne Art Trams Project. .1 - item written by Oslo Davis, with a photo of 3003 Oli Ruskidd standing in front of the tram. .2 - Photos Hayley Millar Baker, Oslo Davies, Michael Leunig and Mirka Mora, which art trams are which .3 - image of four of the trams - titled Tramspotting.Has a $15 price label on rear.trams, tramways, transporting art, art trams, decorated trams, tram 3003

Colour photograph - Grade 2,1979."Attached to photograph" Back Row-L to R: ?, Frances (?), Steven Harris, Brett Davenport, Chris McEwan, Peter Rigg, Melissa Beard, Nicole Banks. 2nd Row- L to R: ?, ?, ?, ?, Troy Larkins, ?, Steven Chambers, ?, Mark McDougall. 3rd Row L to R: Pauline Shone, Cindy Bellangerie, Tina Gould, Anthony Day, Cameron Browne, Debbie (?), Carl (?), ?. Front Row- L to R: Frances Bellangerie, Donna Somers, Joanne Tabone, Natasha Haggar.

Black and white photograph - Grade 3/4, 1980"Attached to photograph" Back Row- L to R: Scott McCarthy, Heng Lui, Michelle Willoby, Kathleen Galliger, Rachael Mavroudis, Brett (?), Mathew Hollins. 2nd Row- L to R: ?, David Elcon, ?, Colin Noble, Craig Brown, Troy Larkins, Shane Meilo. 3rd Row- L to R: Fler (?), ?, Debbie Morrison, Jillian (?), Sharon Postlethwaite, ?, Helen Edis, ?. Front Row- L to R: Joanne (?), ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, Angelo (?), Narelle Sanders, ?. Teacher: Mr Esala

Colour photographRingwood State School- Grade 6, 1986 Back row- L to R: Joe Taualii, Johanne Kelaart, Steven Leadbetter, Troy Johnson, Chris Andronis, Peter Wah, Bradley Sanders 2nd Row- L to R: Jacqueline Hopgood, Caroline Neave, Rose Krisohos, Chrissy Lythow, Leena Daff, Mary Yiannaros, Alexandra Lohe, Jenny Webb Front row- L to R: Trudy Rowley, Claire Billingsley, Andrea Gorgdon, Natalie Hopgood, Megan Bilston, Debra Taylor, Heather Papadopoulos . Teacher C Adamson

Colour photographRingwood State School Names (1986) Grade 2 Back Row- L to R: Paul Constellis, Troy Shanley, Brian Donald, Tony Aravanis, Paul Tsiokis, Alex Dinic, Mark Ingram, Stuart Rowley, Ben Collinson 2nd Row- L to R: Stuart Brown, Paul Eldridge, Christie Attwood, Rebecca Tauslii, Jasmina Pavlov, Belinda Poulinakis, Krista Terzioski, Heather Scott, Brenda Milgate Front Row- L to R: Naomi Terrell, Rebecca Rogers, YuShu Chen, Tara Barker, Carlie White, Emily Sykes, Carly Pryke. Teacher A.Tonkin.

Black and white photograph - Grade 4, 1981."Attached to photograph" Back Row- L to R: Sean Cowley, ?, Chris McEwan, Scott (?). 2nd Row- L to R: Carl (?), ?, Troy Larkins, Bobby (?), Deanna Dinic, Steven Harris, Steven Gillen, Mark McDougall, ?. 3rd Row- L to R: Natasha Haggar, Melissa Beard, Kelly Wynne, Natania Jaffrey, Racheal (?), Frances Barbato, Frances Bellengeri, Debbie Wallace. Front Row- L to R: Cindy Bellengeri, Joanne Tabone, ?, Tina Gould, ?, Debbie Fisher, Pauline Eldridge, ?. Teacher was Margaret Mary Beuthin (d. May 1998, courtesy Rodney Beuthin). Teacher: Mrs Beuthin

The beginning of standardised weights and measures began In Victoria when the Melbourne Observatory received sets of standard weights and measures, which had been tested in Britain against the then British Imperial standards. These included the primary standard yard and pound for the Colony of Victoria. Other standards of weights and measure held by shires and the administrative body's within the colony could then be compared to these primary standards. A Weights and Measures Act was passed in Victoria in 1862, establishing local inspectors throughout the colony. By the 1870s each local council and shire in Victoria held a set of standards that were used to test scales, weights and dry measures used by wholesalers, factories and shops. Every ten years the councils’ standards would themselves need to be rechecked against the Victorian Standards. The checking was done by the Victorian Customs Department in the 19th century, but with the transfer of responsibility for customs to the Federal Government in 1901, weights and measures function was retained by the Victorian Government and was shifted to the Melbourne Observatory. In 1904, a new building was erected at the south end of the Great Melbourne Telescope House, where the standard weights and measures and testing equipment was installed. This room had a large whirling apparatus for testing air meters and became known as the Whirling Room. When the Melbourne Observatory closed in 1944, the Weights and Measures Branch was formed to continue and this branch remained at the Observatory site unit until 1995. J & M Ewan History: J&M Ewan was a Melbourne firm that began by selling retail furniture and wholesale ironmongery. They had substantial warehouses situated at the intersection of 81-83 Elizabeth and Little Collins Streets, the business was established by James M Ewan in 1852. Shortly afterwards he went into partnership with William Kerr Thomson and Samuel Renwick. When Ewan died in 1868 his partners carried on and expanded the business under his name J & M Ewan. The business was expanded to provide a retail shop, counting-house and private offices. Wholesale warehouses adjoined these premises at 4, 6 and 10 Little Collins Street, West. This company provided and sold a large and varied amount of imported goods into the colony that consisted of agriculture equipment, building materials, mining items as well as steam engines, tools of all types and marble fireplaces. They also supplied the Bronze measuring containers in the Flagstaff Hill collection and the probability is that these containers were obtained by the local Melbourne authority that monitored weights and measures in the mid to late 19th century. The company grew to employ over 150 people in Melbourne and opened offices at 27 Lombard St London as well as in New Zealand and Fiji. The company also serviced the Mauritius islands and the pacific area with their steamship the Suva and a brig the Shannon, the company ceased trading in 1993. Robert Bate History: Robert Brettell Bate (1782-1847) was born in Stourbridge, England, one of four sons of Overs Bate, a mercer (a dealer in textile fabrics, especially silks, velvet's, and other fine materials)and banker. Bate moved to London, and in 1813 was noticed for his scientific instrument making ability through the authority of the “Clockmakers Company”. Sometime in the year 1813 it was discovered that one Robert Brettell Bate, regarded as a foreigner in London had opened a premises in the Poultry selling area of London. He was a Mathematical Instrument maker selling sundials and other various instruments of the clock making. In 1824, Bate, in preparation for his work on standards and weights, leased larger premises at 20 and 21 Poultry, London, at a rental of four hundred pounds per annum. It was there that Bate produced quality metrological instruments, which afforded him the recognition as one of one of the finest and principal English metrological instrument-makers of the nineteenth century. English standards at this time were generally in a muddle, with local standards varying from shire to shire. On 17 June 1824, an Act of Parliament was passed making a universal range of weights, measures, and lengths for the United Kingdom, and Bate was given the job of crafting many of the metrological artifacts. He was under instruction from the renown physicist Henry Kater F.R.S. (1777-1835) to make standards and to have them deposited in the principal cities throughout the United Kingdom and colonies. Bate experimented with tin-copper alloys to find the best combination for these items and by October 1824, he had provided Kater with prototypes to test troy and avoirdupois pounds, and samples with which to divide the troy into grams. Bate also cast the standard for the bushel, and by February 1825, had provided all the standards required of him by the Exchequer, Guildhalls of Edinburgh, and Dublin. In 1824, he also made a troy pound standard weight for the United States, which was certified for its accuracy by Kater and deposited with the US Mint in 1827. Kater, in his address to the Royal Society of London, acknowledged Bate's outstanding experimentation and craftsmanship in producing standards of weights, measures, and lengths. An example of a dry Bronze measuring container made specifically for J & M Ewan by possibly the most important makers of measurement artefacts that gives us today a snapshot of how imperial weights and measures were used and how a standard of measurement for merchants was developed in the Australian colonies based on the Imperial British measurement system. The container has social significance as an item retailed by J & M Ewan and used in Victoria by the authorities who were given legal responsibility to ensure that wholesalers and retailers of dry goods sold in Victoria were correct. The container was a legal standard measure so was also used to test merchants containers to ensure that their distribution of dry goods to a customer was correct.Maker Possibly Robert Brettell Blake or De Grave, Short & Co Ltd both of LondonContainer bronze round shape for measuring dry quantities has brass handles & is a 'half-bushel' measurement"IMPERIAL STANDARD HALF BUSHEL" engraved around the top of the container. VICTORIA engraved under "J & M Ewan & Co London and Melbourne" engraved around the bottom of the container.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, standard measure, bronze, peck measurement, j & m ewan, victorian standard dry measurement, bronze container, victorian standards, melbourne observatory, robert brettell bate

The beginning of standardised weights and measures began In Victoria when the Melbourne Observatory received sets of standard weights and measures, which had been tested in Britain against the then British Imperial standards. These included the primary standard yard and pound for the Colony of Victoria. Other standards of weights and measure held by shires and the administrative body's within the colony could then be compared to these primary standards. A Weights and Measures Act was passed in Victoria in 1862, establishing local inspectors throughout the colony. By the 1870s each local council and shire in Victoria held a set of standards that were used to test scales, weights and dry measures used by wholesalers, factories and shops. Every ten years the councils’ standards would themselves need to be rechecked against the Victorian Standards. The checking was done by the Victorian Customs Department in the 19th century, but with the transfer of responsibility for customs to the Federal Government in 1901, weights and measures function was retained by the Victorian Government and was shifted to the Melbourne Observatory. In 1904, a new building was erected at the south end of the Great Melbourne Telescope House, where the standard weights and measures and testing equipment was installed. This room had a large whirling apparatus for testing air meters and became known as the Whirling Room. When the Melbourne Observatory closed in 1944, the Weights and Measures Branch was formed to continue and this branch remained at the Observatory site unit until 1995. J & M Ewan History: J&M Ewan was a Melbourne firm that began by selling retail furniture and wholesale ironmongery. They had substantial warehouses situated at the intersection of 81-83 Elizabeth and Little Collins Streets, the business was established by James M Ewan in 1852. Shortly afterwards he went into partnership with William Kerr Thomson and Samuel Renwick. When Ewan died in 1868 his partners carried on and expanded the business under his name J & M Ewan. The business was expanded to provide a retail shop, counting-house and private offices. Wholesale warehouses adjoined these premises at 4, 6 and 10 Little Collins Street, West. This company provided and sold a large and varied amount of imported goods into the colony that consisted of agriculture equipment, building materials, mining items as well as steam engines, tools of all types and marble fireplaces. They also supplied the Bronze measuring containers in the Flagstaff Hill collection and the probability is that these containers were obtained by the local Melbourne authority that monitored weights and measures in the mid to late 19th century. The company grew to employ over 150 people in Melbourne and opened offices at 27 Lombard St London as well as in New Zealand and Fiji. The company also serviced the Mauritius islands and the pacific area with their steamship the Suva and a brig the Shannon. Robert Bate History: Robert Brettell Bate (1782-1847) was born in Stourbridge, England, one of four sons of Overs Bate, a mercer (a dealer in textile fabrics, especially silks, velvet's, and other fine materials)and banker. Bate moved to London, and in 1813 was noticed for his scientific instrument making ability through the authority of the “Clockmakers Company”. Sometime in the year 1813 it was discovered that one Robert Brettell Bate, regarded as a foreigner in London had opened a premises in the Poultry selling area of London. He was a Mathematical Instrument maker selling sundials and other various instruments of the clock making. In 1824, Bate, in preparation for his work on standards and weights, leased larger premises at 20 and 21 Poultry, London, at a rental of four hundred pounds per annum. It was there that Bate produced quality metrological instruments, which afforded him the recognition as one of one of the finest and principal English metrological instrument-makers of the nineteenth century. English standards at this time were generally in a muddle, with local standards varying from shire to shire. On 17 June 1824, an Act of Parliament was passed making a universal range of weights, measures, and lengths for the United Kingdom, and Bate was given the job of crafting many of the metrological artifacts. He was under instruction from the renown physicist Henry Kater F.R.S. (1777-1835) to make standards and to have them deposited in the principal cities throughout the United Kingdom and colonies. Bate experimented with tin-copper alloys to find the best combination for these items and by October 1824, he had provided Kater with prototypes to test troy and avoirdupois pounds, and samples with which to divide the troy into grams. Bate also cast the standard for the bushel, and by February 1825, had provided all the standards required of him by the Exchequer, Guildhalls of Edinburgh, and Dublin. In 1824, he also made a troy pound standard weight for the United States, which was certified for its accuracy by Kater and deposited with the US Mint in 1827. Kater, in his address to the Royal Society of London, acknowledged Bate's outstanding experimentation and craftsmanship in producing standards of weights, measures, and lengths. An example of a dry Bronze measuring container made specifically for J & M Ewan by possibly the most important makers of measurement artifacts that gives us today a snapshot of how imperial weights and measures were used and how a standard of measurement for merchants was developed in the Australian colonies based on the Imperial British measurement system. The container has social significance as an item retailed by J & M Ewan and used in Victoria by the authorities who were given legal responsibility to ensure that wholesalers and retailers of dry goods sold in Victoria were correct. The container was a legal standard measure so was also used to test merchants containers to ensure that their distribution of dry goods to a customer was correct. Bronze round container with brass two handles used as a legal standard for measuring dry quantities & is a 'peck' measurement. "IMPERIAL STANDARD PECK" engraved around top of container with " VICTORIA" engraved under.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, standard measure, bronze, peck measurement, j & m ewan, victorian standard dry measurement, bronze container, victorian standards, melbourne observatory, robert bettell bate

The beginning of standardised weights and measures began In Victoria when the Melbourne Observatory received sets of standard weights and measures, which had been tested in Britain against the then British Imperial standards. These included the primary standard yard and pound for the Colony of Victoria. Other standards of weights and measure held by shires and the administrative body's within the colony could then be compared to these primary standards. A Weights and Measures Act was passed in Victoria in 1862, establishing local inspectors throughout the colony. By the 1870s each local council and shire in Victoria held a set of standards that were used to test scales, weights and dry measures used by wholesalers, factories and shops. Every ten years the councils’ standards would themselves need to be rechecked against the Victorian Standards. The checking was done by the Victorian Customs Department in the 19th century, but with the transfer of responsibility for customs to the Federal Government in 1901, weights and measures function was retained by the Victorian Government and was shifted to the Melbourne Observatory. In 1904, a new building was erected at the south end of the Great Melbourne Telescope House, where the standard weights and measures and testing equipment was installed. This room had a large whirling apparatus for testing air meters and became known as the Whirling Room. When the Melbourne Observatory closed in 1944, the Weights and Measures Branch was formed to continue and this branch remained at the Observatory site unit until 1995. J & M Ewan History: J&M Ewan was a Melbourne firm that began by selling retail furniture and wholesale ironmongery. They had substantial warehouses situated at the intersection of 81-83 Elizabeth and Little Collins Streets, the business was established by James M Ewan in 1852. Shortly afterwards he went into partnership with William Kerr Thomson and Samuel Renwick. When Ewan died in 1868 his partners carried on and expanded the business under his name J & M Ewan. The business was expanded to provide a retail shop, counting-house and private offices. Wholesale warehouses adjoined these premises at 4, 6 and 10 Little Collins Street, West. This company provided and sold a large and varied amount of imported goods into the colony that consisted of agriculture equipment, building materials, mining items as well as steam engines, tools of all types and marble fireplaces. They also supplied the Bronze measuring containers in the Flagstaff Hill collection and the probability is that these containers were obtained by the local Melbourne authority that monitored weights and measures in the mid to late 19th century. The company grew to employ over 150 people in Melbourne and opened offices at 27 Lombard St London as well as in New Zealand and Fiji. The company also serviced the Mauritius islands and the pacific area with their steamship the Suva and a brig the Shannon. Robert Bate History: Robert Brettell Bate (1782-1847) was born in Stourbridge, England, one of four sons of Overs Bate, a mercer (a dealer in textile fabrics, especially silks, velvet's, and other fine materials)and banker. Bate moved to London, and in 1813 was noticed for his scientific instrument making ability through the authority of the “Clockmakers Company”. Sometime in the year 1813 it was discovered that one Robert Brettell Bate, regarded as a foreigner in London had opened a premises in the Poultry selling area of London. He was a Mathematical Instrument maker selling sundials and other various instruments of the clock making. In 1824, Bate, in preparation for his work on standards and weights, leased larger premises at 20 and 21 Poultry, London, at a rental of four hundred pounds per annum. It was there that Bate produced quality metrological instruments, which afforded him the recognition as one of one of the finest and principal English metrological instrument-makers of the nineteenth century. English standards at this time were generally in a muddle, with local standards varying from shire to shire. On 17 June 1824, an Act of Parliament was passed making a universal range of weights, measures, and lengths for the United Kingdom, and Bate was given the job of crafting many of the metrological artifacts. He was under instruction from the renown physicist Henry Kater F.R.S. (1777-1835) to make standards and to have them deposited in the principal cities throughout the United Kingdom and colonies. Bate experimented with tin-copper alloys to find the best combination for these items and by October 1824, he had provided Kater with prototypes to test troy and avoirdupois pounds, and samples with which to divide the troy into grams. Bate also cast the standard for the bushel, and by February 1825, had provided all the standards required of him by the Exchequer, Guildhalls of Edinburgh, and Dublin. In 1824, he also made a troy pound standard weight for the United States, which was certified for its accuracy by Kater and deposited with the US Mint in 1827. Kater, in his address to the Royal Society of London, acknowledged Bate's outstanding experimentation and craftsmanship in producing standards of weights, measures, and lengths. An example of a dry Bronze measuring container made specifically for J & M Ewan by possibly the most important makers of measurement artefacts that gives us today a snapshot of how imperial weights and measures were used and how a standard of measurement for merchants was developed in the Australian colonies based on the Imperial British measurement system. The container has social significance as an item retailed by J & M Ewan and used in Victoria by the authorities who were given legal responsibility to ensure that wholesalers and retailers of dry goods sold in Victoria were correct. The container was a legal standard measure so was also used to test merchants containers to ensure that their distribution of dry goods to a customer was correct.Maker Possibly Robert Brettell Blake or De Grave, Short & Co Ltd both of LondonContainer brass round for measuring quantities- Has brass handles & is a 'Bushel' measurement. 'Imperial Standard Bushel Victoria' engraved around container. Container bronze round shape for measuring dry quantities has brass handles & is a 'Bushel' measurement"IMPERIAL STANDARD BUSHEL" engraved around the top of the container. VICTORIA engraved under "J & M Ewan & Co London and Melbourne" engraved around the bottom of the container.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, standard measure, bushel, bushel measurement, j & m ewan, dry measurement, victorian measurement standard, bronze container, melbourne observatory, robert brettell bate

The band, with its 1984 championship trophies, were invited to the council chambers. The competition won by this band travelled to various championships throughout Australia and New Zealand, becoming great ambassadors for Australia.(a-g) 7 black and white photographs of the Nunawading Highland Pipe band, winner of the 1984 Australian Pipe Band championships. Trophies presented to the Nunawading Council by Mayor Ken Barelli. Names on back of photographs.barelli, ken, gillespie, harold, adams, rob, bellis, geoff., cousins, allan, troy, brian, turpin, anthony, cousens, michael, wheatley, barry, daten, dave, bell, denis, andrew, desilva, norm, nunawading highland pipe band, bands

This is a set of 36 photographs taken at the combined Officer, Warrant Officer and Sergeant’s Mess Summer Ball held at the Army Survey Regiment (ASR), Fortuna Villa on the 25th of February 1995. The Summer Ball was one of the last large scale formal functions held at Fortuna Villa before ASR’s closure the following year. Photos of personnel and their guests was taken on their arrival near the Pompeii Fountain in the gardens at the front of the main building. The Ball and Dinner was held at the rear of Fortuna Villa in temporary 20’ x 30’ Army tents set up on the roadway in front of the transport compound. SERCO contract staff provided the catering and the ASR’s Other Ranks performed stewarding and kitchen hand duties. Refer to item 6347 for information on the administrative file held in the collection and items 6370.23P, 6371.33P and 6372.25P for additional photographs taken at the Summer Ball.This is a set of 36 photographs taken at the Officer, Warrant Officer and Sergeant’s Summer Ball held at the Army Survey Regiment, Fortuna Villa on the 25th of February 1995. The colour photographs are on 35mm negative film and are part of the Army Survey Regiment’s Collection. The photographs were scanned at 96 dpi. .1) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Rod Skidmore, Bob Thrower. .2) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Jim Ash, unidentified SERCO-GM staff. .3) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Helen Drummond, Stan Vote, Steve Drummond. .4) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Helen Drummond, Steve Drummond, unidentified, Stan Vote, .5) - Photo, colour, 1995. Sherri and Steve Burke .6) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Dale Hudson and partner. .7) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Alan Dudley, Glenda Stear, Doug Carswell, unidentified, Chris Carswell, John Stear, Angela Dudley, Tony Harder (background). .8) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: John Phillips, Maria Harder. .9) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Tracey Phillips, Peter Peterson. .10) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: John South, Tracey Phillips, Peter Peterson, John Bath (background), Miss Delfine. .11) - Photo, colour, 1995. Jo and Peter Peterson. .12) - Photo, colour, 1995. Colin Davidson, Jason Selman, Martin Evans (background). .13) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Bill Griggs (background), Colin Cuskelly. .14) - Photo, colour, 1995. Marzipan sculpture of Australia’s Coat of Arms animals surround RA Svy Corps badge. ‘53’ denoted the number of years of RA Svy occupancy since 1942. .15) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: unidentified (x3), Sandra Burns, Brianna Burgin (steward in background). .16) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Mrs Willis, Dave and Sue Stephenson, Corey Hill (steward in background), unidentified, Ros and Wolfgang Effenberg, Doug Willis, unidentified, Simon Lemon (background). .17) - Photo, colour, 1995. unidentified SERCO-GM staff. .18) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Hayden Beer, Duncan Burns (background), Simon Lemon, unidentified SERCO staff (x2). .19) & .20) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Duncan Burns, unidentified SERCO-GM staff. .21) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Mrs Willis, Greg Byers. .22) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Brian Sloan, unidentified. .23) - Photo, colour, 1995. Justine (Sachs) Rainey - steward. .24) - Photo, colour, 1995. Marty Stradbrook- steward. .25) - Photo, colour, 1995. Unidentified guests, Corey Hill - steward. .26) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Troy Larkins, Ken Labouchardiere, Marty Stradbrook, Lance Hillier, unidentified. .27) - Photo, colour, 1995. L to R: Glen Norrell, Trevor King, Troy Larkins. .28) to .31) - Photo, colour. 1995. Unidentified string quartet musicians. .32) to .36P) - Photo, colour. 1995, Fortuna Pipes and Drums musicians..1P to .36P There are no personnel or civilians identified.royal australian survey corps, rasvy, army survey regiment, army svy regt, fortuna, asr

Photocopy mock up of original booklet of The Bendigo Historical Society Inc. 'City of Bendigo Historical Walk' containing photographs of historic buildings to be seen on the walk. Front cover Queen Victorian Gardens, Town hall, Mechanics Institute/School Of Mines and Industry, H. M. Prison Bendigo, Camp Hill Police Barracks, Sandhurst Corporate High School, Central State School No. 1976, The Cascades, District Lands Office (Dudley House), Masonic Temple and Hall, Sandhurst Volunteer Rifle Brigade Orderly Room, Bank of Victoria, Henry Jackson's Store View Point,Alexandra Fountain, Beehive Store/Mining Exchange, Colonial Bank. Hustlers Royal Reserve NO. 2/R.S.L. Memorial Hall, Post Office 3rd 4th and final, Bendigo Law Courts, Shamrock Hotel 2nd and another view. Important Bendigo Dates; 1851, April gold discovered at Golden Square by Margaret Kennedy,1851 Approx. 200,000Troy oz. of gold found in Bendigo, 1852 475,857 Troy oz. Gold for the year, 1853 November 31st Bendigo Hospital admits first patient,1853 December 9th Bendigo Advertiser first issue printed, 1854 First Land Sales and streets are surveyed and named for the first time, 1854 Census of Bendigo showed 15,480 residents plus 4,000 Chinese, 1855 Sandhurst Municipal District formed, 1861 Sandhurst Proclaimed a Town. 1862 Railway to Melbourne opened, 1867 Visit by His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh, 1871 July 21st Sandhurst proclaimed a City, 1881 Population of Sandhurst 14,577 residents, 1882 First telephone communications introduced, 1890 Electric trams (battery) commenced running, 1891 May 18th City of Sandhurst changes its name to City of Bendigo.book, bendigo, buildings, historic