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Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Weapon - Cannon, 1813
This 1813 cannon is classified as a carronade, having been made by the Carron Ironworks foundry in Stirling, Scotland in 1813. It is a large calibre, short range, gun mainly used on ships. The carronade model of cannon was first used when introduced into the British Royal Navy in the American War of the Revolution (1775-1883). This cannon was originally a 28pdr, 48cwt, 8ft gun. The date ‘1837’ on the barrel probably indicates the date that the Board of Ordinance accepted the change in size to a 32pdr. It may originally have been a naval gun and the conversion undertaken when it was brought ashore. It is very probably one of the 15 guns that are known to have constituted the defences of Victoria in 1860. This group of 32pdrs was the shorter model of the 4800width and 8ft length cannon and as such are different from the 32pdrs found in NSW. It was originally located on Cannon Hill in Warrnambool when it was the site of the Warrnambool Battery Western Artillery, formed in 1866. It was obsolete by the time of the 1887 fortifications, and was moved from the Warrnambool Fortifications to the Botanic Gardens in 1910, when the Fortifications were declared obsolete. HISTORIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE CANNON IN THE WARRNAMBOOL AREA In the years following the Crimean War (1854-1857J) there was a great concern in the Colony that Imperial Russia would attempt an invasion. Coastal defences in the colony of Victoria were greatly strengthened by the Government as a result. Warrnambool was originally protected by cannons at Cannon Hill, approximately 1 kilometer west of the Flagstaff Hill Fortifications. The cannons included two 1866 guns, both 80 Pound Rifled Muzzle Loaders (RML) purchased by Victoria’s Colonial Government. They were part of a shipment of 26 such guns sent from England in December 1866. They are registered as No. 23 (80cwt-2qr-0lbs) - Gun 1, and No.13 (81cwt-1qr-12lbs) - Gun 2. They were cast at the Royal Gun Factory, Woolwich Arsenal, in 1866 and have a 6.3 inch bore. Both barrels carry the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria, Insignia of the Royal Engineers, within the Garter and Motto surmounted by the Crown, with the Royal Cypher of Queen Victoria within the Garter (letters in centre “VR”, motto “HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE”, "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it."). The guns were originally supplied with wooden carriages. (The Royal Arsenal at Woolwich, England, was established eleven years after the Restoration of King Charles II. It was the principal supplier of armaments to the British and Empire Governments. At the height of its operations during World War One the factory covered 1300 acres and employed very nearly 80,000 workers. Woolwich was the Headquarters of the Royal Artillery since the raising of that Regiment in 1716. The Arsenal was closed in the late 1960’s.) The two 80pdr cannons were transferred to the Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery Fortifications erected at Flagstaff Hill in 1887 as part of Victoria’s Coastal Defences. The original wooden carriages were subsequently replaced with the present iron garrison carriages in 1888. They are a “C” pivot. The ‘racers’ or curved track set into the floor of the gun emplacement (which enabled the guns to be traversed more quickly) are as specified for guns up to 10 inch, being of wrought iron 2.78 inches wide. A temporary third gun, now no longer on Flagstaff Hill’s site, was a 5 inch Rifled Breech Loading (BL) Armstrong gun mounted on an Elswick hydro pneumatic disappearing carriage It was faster to load and fire than the 80 pound RMLs and its arrival spelt the end of the older 80 pound guns’ useful life, apart from being used for practice sessions. The 5 inch BL gun was the main defensive weapon of the Warrnambool Battery until the Battery was downgraded in importance and the gun was recalled to Melbourne in 1910. The gun emplacement still remains in place set between the 2 80pdr cannon. The State of Victoria took over the ownership of the guns at the time of Australian Federation in 1901. In about 1901/1902 the Garrison Battery was converted to the Warrnambool Battery of the Australian Field Artillery (No 4 Field Battery). It was equipped with 4.7 inch naval guns mounted on field carriages. They were now a mobile unit but continued to use the Warrnambool Garrison area at Flagstaff Hill for practice. When the Fortifications were declared obsolete the two 80 Pounder RML were relocated to Cannon Hill in 1910. On the outbreak of World War 1 the 4.7 inch guns were recalled to Melbourne, and the Battery was disbanded. Most of the personnel probably re-enlisted in the local 4th Australian Light Horse Regiment. The two 80 Pounder RML were moved back to the Fortifications in 1973. They were both fully restored by Army First Year Apprentices at the Ordinance Factory in Bendigo in time for the centenary year of the fortifications in 1987. The guns are capable of firing 80 pound (32.3kg) armour piercing exploding shells 3.65kms out to sea. They were original manned by volunteers before a paid Garrison was established. Now the Guns are again fired by volunteers on Special Event days. Since restoration the Gun Number 1 had been fired on a regular basis but Gun Number 2 hadn’t been fired since the mid 1990’s. In April 2015 Gun Number 2 was serviced in preparation for the firing of both cannons on the ANZAC Centenary commemorations on April 25th 2015. Other guns from the original Cannon Hill location were obsolete by the time the 1887 Warrnambool Garrison Artillery Battery was built. These guns are (1) a 32 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore (SB) cast in 1813 at the famous Carron Foundry, number 80837 and now located in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens. It is now mounted on a replica carriage due to the original carriage being in a fragile condition (the original carriage stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill). (2) a 68 Pounder Muzzle Loading Smooth Bore cast in 1861 at the equally august Low Moor Foundry, number 10310 and now located on the lawn area at the entrance to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. It is still mounted on its original wooden garrison carriage. Its wooden slide compressor mechanism is fragile and now kept in Flagstaff Hill’s storage. There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron and fifteen 68 Pounder SB made at Low Moor known to exist in the State of Victoria Plaque attached to the carriage “This replica carriage was constructed by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club in conjunction with the generosity of local businesses and the Warrnambool community. The original carriage (circa 1860) was removed for restoration and is now located at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. The timber used for the replica carriage is Monterey Cypress, which was an early planting in the gardens. 2010 marked the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens.” (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008, item W/B/01; Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village datasheets and archives). There are only seven 32 Pounder SB made by Carron known to exist in the State of Victoria and this is one of them. On a world level, this cannon represents a high level of rarity. Further, as it has been modified (bored up) it is representative of the historical process of amending artillery in order to ensure a longer usefulness of each piece despite rapidly advancing artillery technology. The number of surviving carriages with traversing slides in this group in South Western Victoria is unique in Australia and probably in the World. Out of 10 such platforms surviving in Australia, the South Western Victorian group has half. Several survive around the world but probably not in such a large group. The wooden sliding compressor mechanism belonging to this cannon is extremely rare, and the only one in this South Western Victorian group of Guns and Cannons. As a whole, this cannon has undergone very little restoration or modification, giving it a high level of integrity. The City of Warrnambool is one of several custodians of a collection of artillery pieces of heritage significance at a state, national and international level. These pieces are directly related to the defence of south-west Victoria in the 19th century. The care and preservation come under the Heritage Act 1995. (Reference; Victorian Guns and Cannons, South Western Victoria Assessment, May 2008).Cannon, or carronade, 32pdr with wheels. Muzzle loading smooth bore (SB) cannon. Cannon has original wooden Burmese Teak carriage and slide with wrought iron fittings and iron wheels. Manufactured by Carron in Scotland, in 1813. It has been converted from a 28pdr. There is a loop for a rope on the cascabel, which was part of the original casting. Re-bored in 1837. Marks include Serial Number, Royal Cypher of King George III, broad arrow of proofing, and numbers to represent the weight. NOTE: The cannon is displayed in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and is mounted on a replica wooden carriage; the original wooden carriage is now stored under cover at Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village. This carriage has 4 wheels on swivel attachments and a central gear that allows the wheels to turn on rails. Pressed into left trunnion “80837 / CARRON / 1813”, cast on barrel“symbol (Royal Cypher of King George III”, “symbol (broad arrow of proofing)” and numbers “45-3-24 / 1837” . Cascable “CV” and marks with gradations from nought to three in quarters on each side, On the carriage the end of one of the main slide members carries the mark “W symbol (broad arrow) D” incised into the timber. Plaque attached to the carriage by the Warrnambool Tritan Woodworkers club, 2010, marking the centenary of the cannon’s relocation in the Warrnambool Botanic Gardens and the addition of the replica carriage. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, victoria’s coastal defences, warrnambool fortification, warrnambool garrison battery, ordinance, armaments, cannon hill fortifications, victorian colonial government, carron ironwroks foundary, 32pdr smooth bore cannon, 28pdr smooth bore cannon, 1813 cannon, carronade -
Bendigo Military Museum
Badge - BADGE COLLECTION MOUNTED, C.WW2
Items in the collection re Ian McLeod RWAFF, refer Cat No 2262.2 for service details.Badges, metal, mounted on cardboard, 14 in total. List from top down left to right across cardboard. 1 "Punjab Regt" animal with "8" 2 "China" 1st Puntam Regiment Dragon 3 "Nires AOQVIRIT EUNDO" Crown over circle 4 "The Glasgow Highlanders" crown, cross, person 5 "Nemo me impune acessit" crown, cross 6 "Ubique quo fas bt gloria ducunt", Artillery. 7 "The kings own Scottish Borderers, crown, castle..8) "The kings Liverpool Scottish, horse, wreath. 8 Crown, globe and wreath 10 "Red Cross" letters only 11 Crown over Wings, parachute. 12 "Punjab Regiment" Crown, Elephant. 13 "Abor Omnia Vincit" Crown, crossed rifles. 14 "Royal Corps of Signals", crown, Mercury badges, collection -
Bendigo Military Museum
Album - PHOTOGRAPH ALBUM, WWII
... Australian Army Survey Regiment (Royal Australian Artillery). Refer... VX28896 Australian Army Survey Regiment (Royal Australian ...The album collection belonged to Jack Smethurst VX28896 Australian Army Survey Regiment (Royal Australian Artillery). Refer 549.4, 550.2, 557, 558.6.548.1P. Green front, picture of mosque, photos of Syria. Green cord on side. MIxture of B&W photos and small postcards. Four loose B&W photos inside front cover. 548.2P. Black cover, silver inlay of David's Tower. Brown cord on spine. Tourist and Australian Army B&W photos. Six loose B&W photos between first and second pages. 548.3P. Black cover, silver inlay of Rachael's Tomb. Brown cord on spine. Two loose photos on back pages. Tourist and Army photos of Libya, Palestine and Syria.books-albums, photography-photographs, middle east, military history, royal australian artillery -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book - BOOK, UNIT HISTORY, R L Henry, The Story of the 2/4th Field Regiment, 1950
... A history of the 2/4th Field Regiment, Royal Australian... Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery, during WWII. The Author, R L ...A history of the 2/4th Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery, during WWII. The Author, R L Henry was formerly an Officer on the 2/4th Field Regiment.Book, hard cover with blue buckram. Title in gold letters on spine. Black & white photographic illustrations, 410 pages with cut edges.Handwritten in blue ink on title page: “R S Craig. To my best cobber from R L Henry”book, unit history, 2/4th -
Bendigo Military Museum
Photograph - PHOTOGRAPH, BRITISH SOLDIER, POST BOER WAR, E. Dennison- Binns, c1899-1903
Believed to be "George Goulding No. 4886" Britain. The collar badge is that of the Suffolk Regiment. Service of George Frederick Goulding, British Army Boer, South Africa. He was NR 4886 Suffolk Regiment DOB c1878. POB White Chapel, London. Served 1899-1902 Cape Colony, Colesberg, Transvaal - with the Mounted Infantry. WW1 - DOE 11 Dec 15, Middlesex Regiment 5 Bm. (A Reserve Bn). Discharged from Middlesex 19 Apr 1916. M.U. Number 1710 Pte. The British I.W.M. also shows he served in the Royal Field Artillery in WW1. That info is not available. Rank Gunner NR L/10626.This is a black and white portrait of a British soldier waist upwards. He is in uniform, wearing two medals. One medal on the soldier has 3 bars, the other has 2 bars. His belt is probably white. The badges on his collar appear to be a Castle with gate. The soldier is hatless. The photo is glued onto a cardboard surround.The bottom of the cardboard backing has written in white ink "The Imperial Studio - E. Dennison. Binns, 44 Measea Road, Colchester"boer war, south africa, british soldier -
Bendigo Military Museum
Container - CARRY CASE, Hindmarch Bros Ltd, 1918
Item from 17th Light Horse Regiment collection box. Clinometer: A device for setting angles for artillery bombardment.Carry case rectangular, tooled leather, lift up lid, long carry leather strap, brass buckle on strap. Interior of case timber framed, small rectangular padding glued to interior base & lid. Stamped label on case back: “Case Clinometer Vickers .303 Gun Mark II, Hindmarch Bros Ltd 1918” Stamped instructions on interior of lid: “Set degree scale at zero”containers, clinometer, artillery, passchendaele barracks trust -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Flag, 173rd Airborne Brigade (US)
173 AIRBORNE BRIGADE (SEPARATE) US ARMY 1 RAR BATTLE GROUP BIEN HOA 1965-1966 On May 5, 1965, the Brigade deployed to South Viet Nam as the first US Army ground combat unit in that war. Upon arrival, the 1st Battalion of the Royal Australian Regiment (1 RAR) and a battery from New Zealand (161Royal NZ Artillery) were attached to the Brigade -- making the 173d Airborne the only multi-national combat unit in the war. Initially headquartered in Bien Hoa, the Brigade operated in the four provinces around Saigon. (Xuan Loc, Long Khanh, Phuoc Long & Phuoc Tuy), but (in its roll as a "Fire Brigade") also went to the Central Highlands (Pleiku / Kontum) to fight Viet Cong. The 173d also conducted constant operations against the southern stronghold of the VC Main Force in the legendary Iron Triangle in War Zone D. The brigade was organized as a balanced airborne combat force consisting of two infantry battalions, an artillery battalion, a support battalion, an engineer company, a cavalry troop, an armour company, and a headquarters company. Upon activation, it became the first and only separate airborne brigade in the United States Army. This was the beginning of a long series of "Firsts" for the Brigade. On 5 May 1965, it became the first US Army ground combat unit committed to the war in South Vietnam, where further organizational changes were to take place. Australians attached to the Brigade were: 1st Battalion, of the Royal Australian Regiment (I RAR) and support troops of the 4/19th Prince of Wales Light Horse Regiment (1Troop), 105 Field Battery Royal Australian Artillery, 161 Field Battery Royal New Zealand Artillery, 3 Field Troop Royal Australian Engineers, 161 Reconnaissance Flight, Royal Australian Army Air Corps, 1st Australian Logistical Support Company. The Brigade's two infantry battalions, the First Battalion of the 503' Infantry (1/503`d) and the Second Battalion, of the 503`d Infantry (2/503`) and the attached Australians of 1 RAR constituted the infantrymen available to the Brigade. Their mission was to protect the Bien Hoa Air Base and to close with and destroy or capture the enemy. This was in fact the first operational ground force formed under the ANZUS Defence Treaty. ANZUS was a mutual defence treaty signed in 1951 between Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America. In 1965 the spirit of this treaty appeared as 173d Airborne Brigade (Sep) a tri-national brigade. The only such tri-national fighting force formed during the Vietnam War. On deployment to South Vietnam in 1965, 1 Troop A Squadron, 4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment was part of the US 173rd Airborne Brigade combat group. Flag, two colours divided vertically, hoist half mid blue, fly half red. Badge of 173rd Airborne Brigade (730 x 490 mm) in centreflag, 173rd airborne, south vietnam -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Framed Photograph, Trooper Whyte, 1917
Framed b&w photo . Trooper Whyte is standing behind a large artillery shellCaption: WW1 Trooper Whyte demonstrating the size of artillery shells used against the British forces Gaza- October 1917 Photo from the Museum's Whyte Collection -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Order of Ceremony, 4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment, Laying Up of the Guidons of Victorian Light Horse Regiments and Commemorative Service for the 90th Anniversary of the Charge of the Nek, 08/2005
The 4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment was the custodian of the guidons of the 8th, 13th, 17th, 19th, and 20th Light Regiments. On 7 August 2005 the Regiment, with due ceremony, presented these guidons to the Trustees of the Shrine of Remembrance to be laid up in the Shrine. The activity also commemorated the charge at The Nek during the Gallipoli campaign of World War 1. This charge over artillery and machine gun swept ground resulted in the slaughter of 8th and 10th Light Horse Regiment members for no tactical gain.Soft covered bookletarmy, gallipoli, ceremonial, shrine of remembrance, the nek, laying up guidons, light horse regiments -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Document (3 copies), Pattern 1853 Artillery Carbine/Martini-Henry Rifle MK1/Martini-Enfield MK1, 1800's
Three pages photocopied from a book showing photgraphs of each weapon, the bore or calibre, rifling type, length etc. There is a description of each weapon and its history in brief.martini henry. martini enfield -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Concealment in the Field 1957, 1957
A soft covered booklet covering the principles, reasons, and aids for concealment in the field, covering vehicles, artillery, infantry, and their weapons, headquarters, admin, maintenance and communications areasWO Code No 9459concealment in the field -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Notes on the Organization of Field and RHA Regiments and their tactical handling. Military Training Pamphlet No 5 1938, 1938
A soft covered 4 page publication giving a brief on the new organisation of Field and Royal Horse ArtilleryNo to be published -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Photograph, 1914/18
A sepia toned photograph on card showing what could be an ammunition limber in the foreground and a cannon in the background which just fired. The location is flat open groundphoto, artillery -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Book, Maintenance Manual Canadian Military Pattern Vehicles, Apr 1942
Soft covered maintenance manual for the 15 cwt 4x2, the 15 cwt, 30 cwt, Heavy Duty and Field Artillery Tractor 4x4 Chevrolet MB-C1, The logo of General Motors Canadamaintenance manual, canadian military vehicles -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Arbuckle Waddell Pty Ltd, Camouflage, 1942
Soft covered military training pamphlet setting out general principles, siting and camouflage discipline for ArtilleryMilitary Training Pamphlet No 46 Part 5: Artillery with the Field Army 1942. The War Office Oct 1942camouflage -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Camouflage Military Training Pamphlet No 46 Part 3 Huts Camps and Installations 1944, April 1944
Soft covered booklet detailing the camouflage of camps, installations and dumps outside the effective range of enemy artillery. Restricted Supersedes the 1942 editioncamouflage, world war 2, -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Book, Notes on North American Equipment & Stores Section J Ammunition, 1942
Hard covered book covering small arms, aircraft, artillery and armoured ammunitionsammunition, usa -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet (2 copies), J T Picken & Sons, Artillery Training Vol III Field Gunnery Pam No 3 Part 1 Fire Discipline and Observation of Fire 1942, 1942
Soft covered booklet including Amdt No 1 covering fire discipline, ammunition and charges, ranging and observation of fire. Supersedes Artillery Training Vol III 1934 Chapters VII and IXNot to be publishedartillery fire control -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, McCarron, Bird & Co, Royal Artillery Training Memorandum (Field, Tank Attack, Anti-Aircraft Branches) No 7, March 1943
Paper booklet covering a number of new methods, drills, and procedures from the previous two years - dealing with signal procedures and anti-tank shooting and training.Not to be publishedartillery training, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Modern Printing Co Pty Ltd, Royal Artillery Training Memorandum (Field, Tank Attack, Anti-Aircraft Branches) No 8, July 1943
Paper booklet covering up coming amendments to Artillery publications and fire orders for smoke screens and immediate registered or predicted battery Smoke screenartilllery, smoke, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Victorian Railways Printing Works, Notes on the Care & Preservation of Ammunition & Explosives in the Field. Part 1 Artillery Ammunition, Jan 1941
Soft covered bookletammunition artillery -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Artillery Training Vol I Pam No 3 1941 Application of Fire, 1941
Soft covered booklet, supersedes the 1938 edition. Covers application of fire of Field, Medium, Heavy Artillery, Anti-Tank and Anti-Aircraft gunsNot to be publishedgunnery, artillery, training -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Notes on Tank-Hunting, 1940's
A booklet of notes on methods of hindering, halting, destroying or putting out of action enemy AFVs apart from the more standard methods like mines, artillery or other tankstank hunting, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, McLaren & Co Pty Ltd, Artillery Training Vol III Pam No 9 Anti-Tank Gunnery 1943, January 1943
Soft covered booklet originally printed by Keliher, Hudson & Kearns Ltd London. Covers definitions, elementary ballistics, laying of guns and engagement of targets.Not to be publishedartillery training, world war 2, anti-tank -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, McLaren & Co Pty Ltd, Artillery Training Vol III Pam No 8 1942, 30 December 1942
Soft covered booklet with Australian Addendum No 1 covering co-operation with the RAF. Originally printed by Keliher, Hudson & Kearns Ltd, LondonNot to be publishedartillery training, raf co-operation, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Keliher, Hudson & Keans Ltd, Artillery Training Vol III Field Gunnery Pam No 7 1943
Paper booklet superseding Artillery Training Vol II 1934, Chapter XIV. Dealing with calibration of field gunsNot to be publishedartillery training, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Queen City Printers Pty Ltd, Artillery Training Vol III Field Gunnery Pam No 3, Part III Concentration of Observed Fire 1943, 1943
Paper covered booklet superseding Artillery Training Vol III 1934 Chapter XV. Dealing with methods of control, application of fire, procedures and communicationsNot to be publishedartillery training, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Document, Artillery Training Vol III Pam No 2 Part 1 1942 Amendment No 1, 20 November 1943
Amendment Noticeartillery training, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Artillery Training Vol III Pam No 4 Part 4 Command and Control in Battle 1942, August 1942
Paper covered booklet superseding 1938 editionNot to be publishedartillery training, world war 2 -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Booklet, Royal Artillery Training Memorandum No 9, Oct 1943
Paper covered booklet dealing with amendments, new methods in vertical photography, field, medium and heavy artillery, anti tank and anti aircraft artillery artillery training, world war 2