Colour photograph. Large group playing instruments sitting on chairs on bitumen. Big green shed behind them. Australia banner. Back of photo reads: OA / 2entertainment, music, musicians

One of a series of photographs donated by the City Engineer of the former City of Kew, relating to road works. The photos variably include council workers, signage and equipment.One of a series of photographs of core local government services as practised by the City of Kew. The photographs are an accurate record of street works of the period. Original black and white photographic positive of roadworks in the former City of Kew. This is a close up technical view of creating a bitumen and gravel road with the City's steam roller in the distance.city of kew, local government -- city of kew, road works, street works

Rose Series Postcard number 332c1935. Enlarged for display from Rose postcard 'New Road' (Mt. Dandenong Tourist Road). Completed by 1930 but no bitumen as yet. Road not wider and rail along outer edge.kalorama, rose series, mt. dandenong tourist road

Used by Melbourne tramways to assist tram drivers in driving through critical areas, such as providing clearance marks at turnouts, cross-overs, and stopping points. See item 1188 for a guidebook. Demonstrates the method of providing road marking systems to drivers.Stainless steel object square shape with a machine punched and formed prong to enable it to be placed and secured into the ground. Item has been used and has bitumen road materials attached to it.signs, tramways, drivers, stud markings, instructions

Thomson's and Taylor's stores, with Halls Gap Hall further along the street.the postcard shows a strip of shops, including a general store, along a bitumen road. There is a phone box on the roadside and a Holden car parked in front of the stores. A wooded range can be seen in the background.buildings, shops

Demonstrating the Shires new truck mounted bitumen spray unit which replaced trailer towed equipment Roll of 35mm colour negative film, 3 of 7 stripsKodak GA 100 5095shire of eltham, roads, bitumen tankers, roadworks

Thomson's and Taylor's shops with the Halls Gap Hall further along the road. A number of 1950's vintage cars are parked along the main road. No. 13884 in the Rose Series of postcards.A strip of shops along a bitumen road. One shop is a garage with Atlantic signs and another has a sign that reads "Thomson's General Store". There are several cars parked along the road and eucalyptus trees in the background.buildings, shops

One of a series of photographs donated by the City Engineer of the former City of Kew, relating to road works. The photos variably include council workers, signage and equipment.One of a series of photographs of core local government services as practised by the City of Kew. The photographs are an accurate record of street works of the period. This example is one of the few shot in colour in the 1960s. Original colour photographic positive of roadworks in Studley Park Road in the former City of Kew. A tip truck carrying bitumen unloads it contents on the road which is then levelled by a tray. Road workers supervise the road making. "STUDLEY PARK ROAD RECONSTRUCTION / 1 1/2" NOM [sic] SIZE BIT BINDER COURSE / JANUS CONSTRUCTIONS / 9TH OCT 1968"city of kew, local government -- city of kew, road works, street works, studley park road -- kew (vic.)

Eppalock. Construction. Laying bitumen down for the launching ramp at Kimbolton Pool. The men looking on appear to be all office workers (they have white shirts & ties). Markings: Launching of ramp road Kimbolton Pool. Eppalock March 1963.Kodakcivil engineering, water supply, eppalock

Shire of Phillip Island managed the Phillip Island Penguin Parade during this era, and made several improvements for visitors including the building of a kiosk for food and beverage and some souvenirs. The building was located on a bitumen area at the base of the hill along with a brick toilet block. The area was actually raised from creek bed adjacent to the bitumen area, with Little Penguin rookery either side. The Shire tendered out the contract for the running of this kiosk on a 3 yearly basis.This small public notice from a Wonthaggi newspaper at a time when no local newspaper was being published on Phillip Island, marks the time when the Shire of Phillip Island began to increase provision of tourist facilities at the Penguin Parade. The number of visitors being 100,000 for the previous year is also an excellent indication of the popularity of the Penguin Parade. The listing of infrastructure available to the building is useful.Photocopy of Public Notice, Rectangular. Single collumn with heading, sub-heading, 5 paragraphs of text and Name and position of Shire Secretary. Black and white."30-7-64 EX" Meaning: 30.07.1964. Powlett Express newspaper.phillip island penguin parade, shire of phillip island, penguin parade kiosk, tender process, penguin parade visitor numbers, sec state electricity commission, stan harris phillip island shire secretary

Article from a collection of newspaper cutting from October 1968 to July 1971Article about Mrs Gretta Hall praising Mr Jock McKechnie, shire engineer, for preserving the natural beauty when re-disigning Gordon Street, Cowes. Was also criticised by Mrs Hall for spoiling the rustic beauty with bitumen and concrete drains.phillip island, mr jock mckechnie, mrs gretta hall, gordon street, cowes

Used by Melbourne tramways to assist tram drivers in driving through critical areas, such as providing clearance marks at turnouts, cross-overs, and stopping points. See item 1188 for a guidebook. Demonstrates the method of providing road marking systems to drivers.Stainless steel object round shape with a machine punched and formed prong to enable it to be placed and secured into the ground. Item has been used and has bitumen road materials attached to it. Has the stamp of BBSW stainless manufacturers stamp and patent number.signs, tramways, drivers, stud markings, instructions

Prior to subdivision for housing this area was paddocks used for grazing of cattle and used as part of the course in the early days of the Surrey Hills Golf Club. Reproduced by permission of Mr John Arnold from his book: "The Riversdale Golf Club - a history, 1892-1977." Copyright to book: Riversdale Golf Club. Surrey Hills Golf Club operated from 1892-1908 then moved and became Riversdale Golf Club. The game was played across paddocks from Trafalgar Street, Mont Albert to Whitehorse Road and down Victoria Crescent to where Box Hill TAFE is now located in Elgar Road. There were problems with cows eating the tee flags! The clubhouse still exists as 30 Trafalgar Street.Black and white photo taken from the centre of a bitumen road which is flanked by bluestone guttering. Nature strips, drive cross-overs and house fences are shown. Trees on the RHS nature strip are pollarded to avoid overhead power and telephone lines. There houses in the background."Bottom: The same view today taken from the intersection of Victoria Crescent and Hotham Street, Surrey Hills."surrey hills golf club, hotham street, victoria crescent, riversdale golf club, surrey hills, john arnold

The second general store in Halls Gap, built by Jack and Clarrie Thomson. Halls Gap newsagency now (2009) stands on this site. Probably taken at the same time as record 253 (as the yellow car appears to be in the same spot).The photo shows a garage and a general store. There is an Esso sign in front of the buildings and the store sign reads Thomson's general Store. There is a bitumen road, with a yellow early model Holden parked on it, in front of the store. The Mount Willliam range in the background. There appears to be snow or hail lying on the ground in the foreground.buildings, shops

Coorongite is a dark, rubber-like, highly resilient structureless algal deposit. In the Coorong district of South Australia it occurs in moderate quantities associated with the coastal swamps and sand dunes which extend for a considerable distance east of the mouth of the Murray. This particular specimen was recovered from the south of the Coorong River, South Australia. A type of sediment rich in organic matter, Coorongite is the unlithified end-member of the sapropelic coal series. The members of the sapropelic coal series can be ranked in order as sapropel (the unlithified form), sapropelic-lignite, and sapropelic-coal (the lithified forms) based on increasing carbon content and decreasing volatile content. Sapropel (Coorongite) is an unlithified dark, pulpy, fine organic mud containing concentrations of algae and miospores that are more or less identifiable. Coorongite is typically found as an algae like substance, that can be found in irregular size pieces. Coorongite was believed to be dried up oil due to its rubber-like texture. The Coorongite is also soft to the point where it can be cut into with a knife or it can be broken and torn by hand. Otherwise known as 'Kurangk', the Coorong River is home to the Ngarrindjeri people, which acts as both a place for gathering food and a spiritual place. In 1852 the first sight of Coorongite was found along the Coorong River. The finders mistook the Coorongite for dried up oil, which lead to the belief that there were oil reserves under the Coorong River. Between the 1860s and the 1930s the Coorong River became a place where mining oil and Coorongite became precedent. Nowadays, the local council and the South Australian Government are working together with the Ngarrindjeri people to sustain and preserve the Coorong River and the culture that is with it. Soon after gold was discovered in 1851, Victoria’s Governor La Trobe wrote to the Colonial Office in London, urging ‘the propriety of selecting and appointing as Mineral Surveyor for this Colony a gentleman possessed of the requisite qualifications and acquaintance with geological science and phenomena’. Alfred Selwyn was appointed geological surveyor in Australia in 1852 which began the Geological Survey of Victoria. Selwyn went on to collect geological samples and catalogue thousands of specimens around Australia. In 1853-69 the Geological Survey issued under Selwyn's direction sixty-one geological maps and numerous reports; they were of such high standard that a writer in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London bracketed the survey with that of the United States of America as the best in the world. During his years spent in Australia, Selwyn collected numerous significant geological specimens, examples of which are held in collections such as the Burke Museum.Coorongite is considered to be a mineral with a unique texture, where it can be both hard and soft. Coorongite can also be considered to be a rare mineral, as it is only located along the Coorong River and due to the mining of it, has left very few sources. It was believed at one point that Coorongite could be used to replace oil. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.Three solid varyingly hand-sized pieces of wooden appearing organic matter derived from the river in the Coorong District in South Australia. A rubber-like, highly resilient structureless algal deposit.Specimen 245 page 69 / in Descriptive Register / "Elcestic Bitumen, / Coorangite" South of / Coorung River, South Australia . / C. WIllman / 15/4/21burke museum, beechwoth, indigo shire, beechworth museum, geological, geological specimen, mineraology, coorong, coorong river, kurangk, ngarrindjeri, south australia, coorongite, coorongite specimen

Pitch may be made from petroleum or plant sources. Petroleum derived pitch is also known as bitumen whereas plant derived pitch is known as resin. Pitch derived from plant resin however is known as rosin. Tar and pitch are often used interchangeably.5 pieces of black pitch.natural history, pitch, natural specimen

Demonstrating the Shire's new truck-mounted bitumen spray unit which replaced trailer-towed equipment. Date based on other images from negative roll of similar display panels visible in images of the Shire of Eltham display at the Eltham Community Festival, 7 November 1987.Colour photographshire of eltham, infrastructure, roadworks, bitumen tankers, display panel, eltham festival

Demonstrating the Shire's new truck-mounted bitumen spray unit which replaced trailer-towed equipment. Date based on other images from negative roll of similar display panels visible in images of the Shire of Eltham display at the Eltham Community Festival, 7 November 1987. (Negative strip missing.) Colour photographshire of eltham, infrastructure, roadworks, bitumen tankers, display panel, eltham festival

Photograph shows double track section of tramway in High St, Kew looking southwest towards Childers St. The rails appear slightly sunken into the bitumen covered roadway, the Kew cemetery wall is prominent along the left of the roadway and numerous motor vehicles feature in the mid and background dating the photograph as 1960s or 1970s.Yields information about section of track before relaying in mas concrete. Black and white photographm&mtb, high st, kew, doulbe track, sunken track, childers st

This item is part of the Dodgson Collection, which was bequeathed to Queen's College in 1892 by the Rev. James Dodgson. The collection was created by Aquila Dodgson, brother of James. Aquila Dodgson was a friend of the English Egyptologist Flinders Petrie, and it was through this friendship the Aquila was able to acquire ancient Egyptian artefacts. A detailed study of the collection was made by Christine Elias "Discovering Egypt: Egyptian Antiquities at the University of Melbourne", M.A. thesis 2010.Cartonnage coffin blackened on inside and out from resin/bitumen used to preserve bird and cover coffin. Remains of gold foil on exterior of coffin where bird's head would rest. Only head of bird extant with remainder of material now gone. It is also possible the coffin solely contained the head and was filled with plant remains, mud or linen.james dodgson, aquila dodgson, flinders petrie, bird, mummy, coffin

Negative No. 276 and colour print made by colour laser printer (stored in folder ) of MMTB Scrubber tram No. 8 at Caulfield, following renewal of pavement work, March 1954. Photo by Geoff Grant. Envelope that was with negative describes scene as "Special scraper and washer tram. Used after tarring and bitumen work." Hi res scan of negative and image updated 19/5/2020.trams, tramways, caulfield, scrubber tram, track cleaner, tram 8

Negative No. 277 and colour print made by colour laser printer (stored in folder ) of MMTB sweeper truck at Caulfield, following renewal of pavement work, March 1954. Photo by Geoff Grant. Envelope that was with negative describes scene as "Special 'yank' for sweeping up sand after bitumen work has been done." Hi res scan of negative and image updated 19/5/2020.trams, tramways, caulfield, sweeping truck, track cleaner

Photo was cut from Tourist brochureColour photograph showing aerial view of township and the Ninety Mile Beach. Pecks factory on Bullock Island, Old North Arm bridge, bitumen for carpark for future. Fishermen's Club near North Arm Bridge. Photo shows East end of Rigby Island and Snake Island. Glimpse of Red Bluff, Lake Bunga and Lake Tyers in far east. Lakes Entrance Victoriabridges, coast, waterways, topography, township

The Paddle Steamer Etona was named after Eton College in England. In its earlier days it served as an Anglican Mission boat closer to the mouth of the Murray River. It ended up being bought by two Echuca businessmen, Ian Stewart, a solicitor, and Phil Symons, a chemist. They spent a couple of weeks steaming it up from Goolwa to Echuca where they placed it on the slipway to undertake restoration work. Ian Stewart's Holden is seen alongside the boat. The Moama Slipway was located on the NSW side of the river directly opposite Evans Bros. Sawmill. The boats would be pulled up the slipway on cradles (visible under the boat) by the steam winch seen in the foreground. George Coop had a minor role in assisting with the restoration of the Etona. New redgum planks were bolted to her underside and these were sealed (or caulked) by Phil Symons and Ian Stewart by ramming bitumen soaked rope into the gaps. Other volunteers on hand such as George would apply a putty mixture of bitumen and cement dust over the bolt heads (resulting in the loss of two very nice khaki shirts).Digital TIFF file Scan of 35mm Ilford FP3 black and white negative transparencygeorge coop collection, echuca, ian stewart, moama slipway, phil symons, ps etona, river boat

Photograph of Malvern Road and Glenferrie Road intersection showing the tram track H crossing with dual turnouts on the southwest and southeast corners. The tram tracks are at a lower level than bitumen roadway causing a rough undulating surface for motor vehicles. Extra works lighting is hanging from the overhead on one side of the junction suggesting future night works. This junction would eventually be relaid in mass concrete. A milk bar advertising various ice creams and other small shops are located at the intersection. Yields information about deterioration of tramway tracks and need for maintenance or replacement. Black and white photograph with no notemalvern road, glenferrie road, junction, works lighting, milk bar, mass concrete

Two maps of the Whipstick - Sheet A and Sheet B. Sheet A shows the Whipstick in relation to Bendigo and some surrounding places. Bitumen roads, gravel, forest tracks, Mallee Areas, Flagstaff Hill, fenced in reservations and reservoirs are marked. Also, a circle and part circles of 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-mile radius is marked. North & South are marked. Sheet B is an enlarged area of the Whipstick Scrub area. North and South is marked. There are a number of letters written over both maps.map, bendigo, peter ellis collection, the whipstick, flagstaff hill

Cubed iron ship tanks were invented by Richard Trevithich in 1808, in partnership with Robert Dickson, and the design was patented that year. The invention was an improvement on the wooden casks or barrel that were in used at the time, as the ship tanks were more secure and their shape was much more economical on storage space. The robust metal tanks were originally made to transport water, but their preserving quality enabled them to transport perishable dry goods such as grain on long voyages, as well as other forms of liquid and solid cargo. The first ship tanks were made from sheets of iron, and later mild steel sheets, with double riveted edges and corners. A round cast iron lid with handle grips was fitted snugly into the top opening, providing an air tight and water tight seal. Brass taps were often fitted into the base. Sailing ships began using the new ship tanks on Australian voyages from around the 1830s, storing ford and water for those on board, and filling them with other cargo. A large number of the ship tanks were repurposed in 1838 for the Victoria Settlement at Port Essington, N.T., as they were able to protect the food, clothing and other stores from termite and insect damage. Other ‘recycled’ ship tanks were cut in half and used as washing tubs or cookers. A 1929 catalogue from Hudson’s Tank Stores advertised square tanks that contained around 600 litres – 160 gallons – which equals internal measurement of 33.25 inches – 84.5 centimetres – per side ship tanks are still made and sold in 1952 by the Globe Tank and Foundry in Wolverhampton, England, which was incorporated in 1922. Today, ship tanks can be seen around Australia. Wilsonson’s Promontory Lightstation has the lid from a ship tank that was used on site for the storage of water. Some have been repurposed as domestic water tanks and dog kennels, others for eucalyptus distilleries. Flagstaff Hill has two ship tanks in it grounds. The Campaspe Port at Echuca, once aa bustling river port, has a ship tank beside the locomotive yard. The lids of ship tanks are collectable items. Richard Trevithick (1771-1833): - Trevithick was born in 1771 in Cornwall, England. He was a famous British engineer and inventor during the Industrial Revolution, known for his invention of first full scale working railway, high pressure steam locomotive, which he demonstrated hauling a railway train in 1804 . He set up a small workshop in 1808 at 72 Fore Street, Limehouse, London, to make iron ship tanks, and this invention was instrumental in replacing the wooden casks formerly used for storage on ships. He was involved with mining technology, iron foundering and ship equipment. Ship tanks changed the way that cargo was transported on ships and other vehicles from the 1830s and were used into the mid-20th century. The ship tanks’ advantages were that they could store more content, lasted longer, were waterproof and airtight, stackable and could be repurposed for many uses other than water, such as fuel, dry goods and domestic cargo. They have even been used aa dog kennels and cookers. Ship tanks were part of the evolving methos to transport water, food and cargo, which changed in 1956 when Malcolm McLean invented the large, rectangular shipping containers that are in use today; they speed up the process of loading on and off the ships, saving time and money. Ship tank: a cubed iron container with an offset hole on one side. The hole has cutouts for securely attaching a lid. This tank is on its side on the ground with the opening facing sideways. The side facing upwards has a wooden bung in a round hole. The ship tank is made from six square, thick iron sheets, rolled and riveted along the edges. The inside has a black sticky coating, possibly bitumen, and a strong creosote odour. There are small remnants of green paint on the outer surface.flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, iron cube, water tank, shipping container, ship tank, ship's tank, ship tanks, marine container, richard trevithich, 1808, robert dickson, water transport, water storage, iron foundry, steel sheets, iron sheets, revets, victoria settlement, port essington, globe tank and foundry, wolverhampton, british engineer, british inventor, wooden casks

Photograph shows single track section of tramway in Nicholson St, East Coburg looking south from Harding St. The rails are slightly sunken into bitumen covered roadway. Primary school grounds are at left, children's crossing in foreground with accompanying red and white bands painted on span poles and several motor vehicles are in the background. The models of motor vehicles and the future duplication of this track in late 1966 suggest the photograph's date of mid-1960s. This single track was the scene of many head-on collisions between south bound trams and northbound motor vehicles, especially at night.Yields information about remaining single track sections that were slow to be duplicated due to lack of funding. Black and white photograph with blue stamp and biro number on rearM&MTB Ref No. R25/1/183m&mtb, nicholson st, single track, east coburg, sunken rails