The diorama of mounted specimens of seaweed was framed by Richard Foster Norton for Thomas Watson and is dated 1860. Watson was the Warrnambool District Surveyor at the time (1860). The inscription on the back of the frame links the artwork to the Pigeon Hill property, which was located on Allansford Road (corner of Staffords Road – north side of the Princes Highway-A1). In the 1860s, the property known as Pigeon Hill was owned by William Wall who was a publican who ran several hotels in Warrnambool and district. In 1860 Wall, was running a hotel in Wangoom, near Pigeon Hill. Further research is required to determine the exact location, but Pigeon Hill could also have been the name for that area and may have had other people living there. Thomas Watson was a member of the local horticultural society. Another possible creator of the artwork is Samuel Hannaford, a biologist with a particular interest in collecting marine flora. Hannaford left Warrnambool in 1857 and went to Geelong, so it is possible he collected the specimens had them framed in Geelong, and then arranged for their return to Watson. The other known seaweed collector was Henry Watts, who lived in Warrnambool in the mid-19th century. The seaweed collection in this box was possibly one of Watts' and could have been prepared for the Victorian Exhibition of 1861, Richard Foster Norton, also known as R.F Norton, was one of only a handful of picture framers in 1850s Melbourne. Norton was born on the 24th of July 1822 in Yelvertoft, Northamptonshire and prior to his arrival in Australia, Norton is listed in England as having the occupation of a painter. It appears that he established his business in Melbourne in 1854 or 1855. Between 1855 and 1865 he operated from 87, then 83, and later 80 Collins Street. In the Argus newspaper, Norton advertised his business as a Print seller, Carver, Gilder and Picture Frame manufacturer, supplying the growing demand for artworks and decorative furnishings in the colony during the Gold Rush. Norton also had a Geelong branch in Market Square, where this work was produced. This framed work is highly significant. Previous research has found that only six frames are in existence that can be attributed to be made Norton, dating from the late 1850’s to the mid 1860’s. Moreover, Thomas Watson the owner of the artwork, is one of the government surveyors of the region during the mid-19th century.Diorama in deep wooden frame, behind glass. Seaweed specimens have been mounted within the frame. The back of the frame has handwritten inscriptions including the framer's label (portions missing). The diorama was framed by Richard Fraser Norton. Printed label; "RICHARD FOS --- Picture Framer and -- MANUF -- CARVER, GILDER, ---- PAINTINGS CLEANED, LINED AND --- GLASSES RESILVERED, FRAMES --- Architectual Decorations created to any design in Paper Mache, Carlton Pierre, or Composition, Country Orders promptly attended to, The Order Suppl ---, BRANCH ESTABLISHMENT, MARKET SQUARE, GEELONG" flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, richard foster norton, r.f norton, picture framers, melbourne, geelong, artwork and decorative furnishings, gold rush, seaweed, botanical specimens, 1860, pigeon hill, district surveyor, thomas watson, william wall, wangoom, samuel hannaford, henry watts, victorian exhibition, 1861, yelvertoft, northamptonshire, market square

Occupation of Japan (unmounted missing ribbon) name unrdeadable ?medals, ww2

Japanese Occupation Currency (2x1/2 gulden, 6x1 gulden,1x5 gulden,2x10 gulden,1x10 burma rupea,1x10 malayan dollar, 1x10 rupea burma, 1x1/2 gulden,1x10 cnts)ephemera, ww2, general

British Mk4 with Japanies star. Issue to Japanese troops on service with th Occupation Forces at the end of WW 2.headgear, 1952, army

Cream, torn, purple - typed Document, W.D.Mason Collection, Statement of Lands comprised in assessment. Name -Mason -Walter David -Occupation Lead Glazier Address Condon St Land Tax Branch, Taxation Office, Flinders Street, Melbourne.Dated 23/10/1924.R.M.Weldon, Commissioner of Taxesbusiness, retail, w d mason

Index, bibliography, notes, ill, p.340.non-fictionIn March 1918, with the fear of a one-million-man American army landing in France, the Germans attacked. In response, Australian soldiers were involved in a number of engagements, culminating in the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux and the saving of Amiens, and Paris, from German occupation. Then came General John Monash's first victory as the Commanding Officer of the newly formed Australian Corps at Hamel. This victory, and the tactics it tested, became crucial to the Allied victory after 8 August, the 'black day of the German Army'. On this day the major Allied counteroffensive began, with the AIF in the vanguard of the attack. The Australians, with the Canadians to the south and the British across the Somme to the north, drove the Germans back, first along the line of the Somme and then across the river to Mont St Quentin, Péronne and on to the formidable Hindenburg Line, before the last Australian infantry action at Montbrehain in early October. Fast-paced and tense, the story of The Last 100 Days is animated by the voices of Australian soldiers as they endured the war's closing stages with humour and stoicism; and as they fought a series of battles in which they played a pivotal role in securing Allied victory. Collapse summary world war 1914- 1918 - campaigns - western front, western front - australian participation - 1918

Ill, maps, p.242.non-fictionThe exciting first-hand account of heroism and daring sabotage during the Nazi occupation of Norwayworld war 1939-1945 - underground movements - norway, norwegian heavy water sabotage

Index, bibliography, notes, ill, map, p.404.non-fictionBy March 1942, the Japanese had steamrolled through Malaya, laid siege to Singapore, and bombed Darwin with the same ferocity they had dealt Pearl Harbor. Nothing could stop them. Their next step was inevitable, surely: the invasion and occupation of Australia. Meanwhile, as Australian prime minister John Curtin was battling with Winston Churchill to get troops back from overseas to defend their homeland, he was also positioning to ensure the United States would be there with us to fend off the approaching enemy. And at home, people pitched in as best they could and in any way to frustrate the invader. They all played their part, torn between 'she'll be right' and near panic. On Our Doorstep is the story of how Australia and Australians - the government, the military and the people - prepared to face this calamity, and the events that persuaded them of its probability. In the end, Japan found it had stretched itself beyond the reliability of its supply line, but had it ever intended to invade Australia?world war 1939 – 1945 – campaigns – south west pacific, australia - politics and government - 1939-1945

Index, bibliography, map, p.268.non-fictionA Sudden Rampage describes the origins, the methods and the results of imperial Japan's occupation of Southeast Asia during the Second World War.world war 1939-1945 - japan - occupied territories, japan - foreign relations - 1941-1945

p.215.fictionThe experiences of a Polish Jewish couple during the Nazi occupationholocaust - fiction, jewish history 1939-1945 - fiction

Ill, p.113.non-fictionA French teenagers account of life during the German occupation.france - german occupation - 1940-1945, jewish teenagers - france - 1940-1945

Index, bibliography, notes, ill, maps, p.1107.non-fictionReaching back into the long history of invasion, occupation and colonization in the region, Robert Fisk sets forth information in a way that makes clear how a history of injustice "has condemned the Middle East to war." He lays open the role of the West in the seemingly endless strife and warfare in the region, traces the growth of the West's involvement and influence there over the past one hundred years, and outlines the West's record of support for some of the most ruthless leaders in the Middle East. He chronicles the ever-more-powerful military presence of the United States and tracks the consequent, increasingly virulent anti-Western - and particularly anti-American - sentiment among the region's Muslim populationsmiddle east - history - 20th century, middle east - international involvement - 20th century

Ill, maps, p.194.non-fictionAccount of a journalists experience behind the lines in the Russian Afghanistan conflictafghanistan - soviet occupation 1979-1889, journalists - britain - biography

Index, bib, ill, maps, p.183.non-fictionChronicles various aspects of German occupation policy during World War IIgermany - history - 1939-1945, world war 1939-1945 - occupied terrirories

Index, bib, ill, p.208.non-fictionCaptioned photographs and text describe the invasion of Russia by the Germans.world war 1939-1945 - campaigns - russia, soviet union - german occupation - 1941-1944

Index, bib, ill, maps, p.403.non-fictionThe French resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II was a struggle in which ordinary people fought for their liberty, despite terrible odds and horrifying repression. Hundreds of thousands of Frenchmen and women carried out an armed struggle against the Nazis, producing underground anti-fascist publications and supplying the Allies with vital intelligence. Based on hundreds of French eye-witness accounts and including recently-released archival material, The Resistance uses dramatic personal stories to take the reader on one of the great adventures of the 20th century.world war 1939-1945 - resistance, france - german occupation - 1940-1945

Ill, p.66.non-fictionThe British army in Germany after World War Two and its response to the fall of the Iron Curtain occupation forces - united kingdom, north atlantic treaty organisation

Index, ill, maps, p.378.non-fictionBased on the notebooks in which Vasily Grossman gathered the raw material for his newspaper articles, A Writer at War depicts the crushing conditions on the Eastern Front during World War II and the lives and deaths of infantrymen, tank drivers, pilots, snipers, and civilians. Deemed unfit for service when the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, Grossman became a special correspondent for The Red Star, the Red Army newspaper. A portly novelist in his mid-thirties with no military experience, he was given a uniform and hastily taught how to use a pistol. Remarkably, he spent three of the next four years at the front, observing with a writer's eye the most pitiless fighting ever recorded.". "Grossman witnessed almost all the major events on the Eastern Front: the appalling defeats and desperate retreats of 1941, the defense of Moscow, and the fighting in the Ukraine. In August 1942 he was posted to Stalingrad, where he remained during four months of brutal street fighting. Grossman was present at the battle of Kursk (the largest tank engagement in history), and, as the Red Army advanced, he reached Berdichev, where his worst fears for his mother and other relatives were confirmed. A Jew himself, he undertook the faithful recording of Holocaust atrocities as their extent dawned. His report "The Hell of Treblinka" was used in evidence at the Nuremberg tribunalworld war 1939-1945 - campaigns - eastern europe, soviet union - german occupation - 1941-1944

These men were either born, worked or enlisted at Wangaratta prior to serving their country in the First World War. There names also appear on the South Wangaratta School and District Honour Board (27) Private William John LAW 1221 - 19 years - Born Murchison in Victoria. Occupation Carpenter Next of Kin - Father John Wilson LAW of Wangaratta Joined 2-3-1916 Enlisted at Wangaratta Unit 37th Battalion. Embarked Melbourne 3-6-1916 HMAT Persic A34 Discharged 21-9-1919. Private Joseph Henry LAW 986 - 21 years Born Euroa in Victoria Occupation Labourer Next of Kin - Mother Mrs Robert (Esther) LAW of Yatte Yattah - 18 NSW Joined 29-3-1915 Enlisted at Wangaratta Unit 24th Battalion. Embarked Melbourne 10-5-1915 HMAT Euripidies A14 Killed in Action 29-7-1916 France. Private Norman William FOSTER 7785 -18 1/2 years - Born Wangaratta in Victoria Occupation Labourer Next of Kin - Sister Mrs William (Florence) McLean of Wangaratta Joined 15-7-1915 Enlisted at Melbourne Unit 54th Battalion Killed in Action 1-9-1918 France Private James Archibald McCORMICK 3195 - 19 years Born Wangaratta Occupation Engineer Next of Kin Father Samuel McCormick Enlisted Melbourne 27-7-1915 Embarked 26/11/1915 Unit 24th Battalion Killed in Action 5-8-1916 France Private Roland Caractacus HUGHES 3134(3131) - 20 years 5 months Born Wangaratta Occupation Blacksmith Next of Kin Father Roland W Hughes Joined 21-10-1915 Enlisted at Seymour 7th REIN 24th Battalion Embarked 26-11-1915 Wounded - GSW Leg and thigh RTA Discharged 11-10-1917 Private James Kelly O'CALLAGHAN 1250 - 22 years Born Mansfield Occupation Labourer Next of Kin Father John O'Callaghan Swanpool via Benalla Joined 6-3-1916 Enlisted at Wangaratta 37th/59th Battalions Embarked 3-6-1916 Wounded GSW Face and arm. RTA 30-1-1918 Discharged 2-7-1918 Private Samuel William DAVISON 6793 - 22 years 5 months Born Benalla Occupation Baker - Employer A Watson of Wangaratta Next of Kin Mother Mrs Ellen Tutty of South Wangaratta Enlisted Melbourne 3-1-1917 21/24th Battalions Embarked 11-5-1917 Wounded 9-8-1918 GSW Arm RTA 16-4-1920 (with wife) Discharged 26-7-1920 Private William Leslie HUNTER (Depot) 18 years 2 months Born Yan Yean Occupation Farmer/Labourer Next of Kin Father William James Hunter of Wangaratta Joined 18-2-1916 Enlisted Wangaratta 3-4-1916 Discharged at Seymour on 26-5-1916 Medically Unfit due to DiabetesThe school was completed in May 1875 and commenced operating as South Wangaratta State School No 1580, on the 15th June 1875 with 47 children in attendance. By the end of that year the number had grown to 72. The pupil recorded as number 98, in the school register of 1876, was Stephen Hart from the Three Mile Creek. He first attended the school at the age of 17 years and within two years he was a member of the infamous Kelly Gang. During World War I, 22 former pupils volunteered for active service and four gave their lives. Brown timber frame and mount containing eight photographs of soldiers.Photos of the following Soldiers: Pte J H Law, Pte J McCormick, Pte N Foster, Pte R Hughes, Pte W J Law, Pte J O'Callaghan, Pte S Davison, Pte W Hunterlaw, mccormick, foster, hughes, o'callaghan, davison, hunter

Australian Soldier's Pocket book gifted by the Australian Comfort Fund to WO2 Almora Reedie SHARROCK VX142263 Born 13/7/1911 at Dandenong. Enlisted 26/2/1940. Occupation Armourer. Unit 127 Australian Brigade Workshop. Served in New Guinea during WW2An example of a small pocket book gifted by the Australian Comforts Fund (ACF) to soldiers and other servicemen during WW2. This pocket book has a bright red cover and was given as a morale boosting gift. The book contains details of relevant information considered useful to serving service personnel.Red canvas covered pocket book The Australian Soldiers Pocket Book Gift from The Australian Comforts Fund 1944ww2, almora reedie sharrock, 127 aust bde workshop

Lieutenant Albert Sargent VX15290 was born on the 3rd of November, 1918 at Wangaratta in Victoria. He was a member of Z Special Unit and involved in Operation RIMAU. when he was captured and executed by the Japanese in Malaya on the 7th of July, 1945 during WW2. Operation RIMAU - In September, 1944, 23 British and Australian members of Z Special Unit travelled from Australia by submarine to the outskirts of Singapore Harbour then under Japanese occupation. Their mission was to attack and destroy enemy shipping from small submersible boats using magnetic limpet mines. Official Japanese records state that the ten men of the contingent captured were beheaded at Pasir Panjang on 7 July 1945, approximately one month before World War II in the Pacific came to an end.Brown timber frame and green mount containing a copy of photograph of soldier and map showing RIMAU battles and listing RIMAU personnel.Lt Albert Sargent Operation RIMAUoperation rimau, albert sargent, z special unit, vx15290, wangaratta, ww2

Personal diary of John William ELLIS Born: Rupanyup. Home Town: Nyarrin Occupation: Farmer Private 5334 Enlisted 1915 aged 37 24th Battalion Fought on the Western Front. Wounded on 9/10/1917 at Ypres - gunshot wound to right leg and returned to Australia 16/4/1918. Diary entry ......"Oct 9 was in the charge this morning and got wounded ankle and arm".....Diary contains principal events written in pencil between leaving Australia on the 10th April 1916 and arriving back in Melbourne on the 16th April, 1918.Thin brown leather book with attached holder for pencil.private john william ellis, 24th battalion, ww1, diary

Postcards dated 1917 sent to Private J W ELLIS 5334 during WW1. Born: Rupanyup. Home Town: Nyarrin Occupation: Farmer Enlisted 1915 aged 37 24th Battalion Fought on the Western Front. Wounded and returned to Australia 16/4/1918. Buried at Wangaratta Cemetery Ten postcards - five coloured postcards and five black and white postcards Three photographs of soldiers, one seated, one standing and one on horseback. One photograph of female. Four envelopes Twenty-five photographsPhotograph of female has handwritten inscription on front - Yours Sincerely Theresa 7-8-1916 Two envelopes address to J W ELLIS and one to Miss Jean Heap 21/25 photographs have handwritten inscriptions on rear and dated between 1915-1917j.w. ellis, 24th battalion, ww1

Royal Australian Air Force Officer's Certificate of Service No 2575 issued to Flying Officer Owen Campbell MORTIMER 420235. Discharged 2/7/1945 at own request to resume civil occupation. Awarded 1939-1945 Star, Pacific Star, Victory Medal and eligible for Returned from Active Service Badge.Cream paper with black print and type with emblem centre top contained within a black border and attached by staple top left corner to large sheet of paper.Royal Australian Air Force Officer's Certificate of Service No 2575 Rear - To the Secretary the Returned Soldier's League with compliments Dr Owen Mortimer 29th May, 1989owen campbell mortimer, raaf, ww2

Image of gravestone in memory of Lieutenant Albert Sargent VX15290 born on the 3rd of November, 1918 at Wangaratta in Victoria. He was a member of Z Special Unit and involved in Operation RIMAU when he was captured and executed by the Japanese in Malaya on the 7th of July, 1945 during WW2. Operation RIMAU - In September, 1944, 23 British and Australian members of Z Special Unit travelled from Australia by submarine to the outskirts of Singapore Harbour then under Japanese occupation. Their mission was to attack and destroy enemy shipping from small submersible boats using magnetic limpet mines.Brown timber frame with green mount containing two photographs - one of plaque and one of gravestonePlague - In memory of the members of Operation RIMAU Gravestone VX15290 Lieutenant A.L. SARGENT "z" Special Unit 7th July 1945 Age 26singapore, operation rimau, z special unit, japanese occupation, vx15290 lieutenant a.l. sargent, ww2

These notes are generally referred to as Japanese Invasion Money (JIM). This note is one of a series issued by the Japanese forces of occupation in the Pacific theatre during the second world war. Following the fall of Singapore into the hands of Imperial Japan on 15 February 1942 the Japanese introduced new currencies to replace those previously in use in the occupied territories of Singapore, Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak and Brunei between 1942 and 1945. The new currency in Malaya and Singapore were issued with the same value as the Malayan dollar and first entered circulation in 1942. This example of Japanese Invasion Money was intended for use in Malaya as indicted by the letter M in the block letters MN. The currency was also referred to informally as "banana money" because of the motifs of banana trees on 10 dollar banknotesGreen on cream lithographed banknote of ten dollar denomination. The face features a tropical scene with palms and a hand of bananas. A pair of block stamped serial letters (MN), in black, appear at the bottom of the note. The reverse is printed with a pattern featuring the value and a beach scene with palms centrally located.The Japanese Government promises to pay the Bearer on demand ten dollarsww2, currency, japanese, japanese invasion money, banana money

The Japanese Government issued new currency within their occupied territories during WWII. Imperial Japan-occupied territories were Singapore, Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak and Brunei between 1942 and 1945.Collection of Japanese Government-issued bank notes distributed in occupied territories during WWII. The notes are rectangular of various sizes, made from paper and either purple, blue, green or khaki decorative designs and text. The collection includes five centavos, four dollar notes, three gulden notes and four pound notes. japanese invasion money, banana money, occupation money, wwii