The house was built in 1913 for Mr James Rubira and named for his wife Emilia Tajouera Guidotti, an Italian opera singer. She was born in 1865 and died in Surrey Hills on 21 October 1950. James was born in 1863 in Allela, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain and died on 8 November 1935 in Surrey Hills. They married in Victoria in 1892. They married in 1892. James's mother was a member of the Parer family. The Rubiras and the Parers were among a number of Spanish families who began to migrate to Australia in the 1860s. James' mother was Teresa Florentina Lluisa Parer. Many of the families settled in Box Hill and then Surrey Hills by the 1900s. The Rubiras and the Parers established and supplied a number of high-class restaurants and hotels in Melbourne.Coloured image of an Edwardian style brick house at 4 Albany Crescent, Surrey Hills. It shows the path up to the house with the garden on each side. There is a fountain in the garden on the LHS of the path.On rear in blue pen: "Mr Rubira's House / per / A Noack (underlined) / Albany Cres"emilia villa, house names, 1913, singers, spanish community, italian community, ethnic communities, parer family, albany crescent, surrey hills, restaurants, hotels, edwardian style, mr james rubira, mrs emilia rubira, miss emilia tajouera guidotti

Once a community's size and importance could be gauged from its post office. The post office, especially in the 19th century, reflected the growth and prosperity of its locality. The boom in post office building was from the mid-1860s to the early 1890s. Invariably a post office was built in a prime location, frequently on a street corner.This book provides a cross section of the various styles of post offices built in city, suburb and country town, and who the post offices serve around Australia. Softback book of 83 pages, with numerous black and white photos; post offices are described alphabetically by town.surrey hills post office, post offices, official buildings, architectural styles, (mr) marc fiddian

This book looks at Box Hill as it grew from a rural backwater to a country town amid farms and orchards, then to an outer suburb, and then to an almost inner suburb. It covers the rural depression in the 1860s, the land boom of the 1880s and the collapse in the 1890s, the bitter days of two World Wars and the Depression, and the 'dry' suburb of Box Hill.Hardback book of 270 pages, indexed and footnoted, with some photos and plans; it is divided into chronological periods rather than themes."SURREY HILLS / NEIGHBOURHOOD CENTRE - HISTORY" on top of title page; "Surrey Hills Neighbourhood Centre" on top of front of jacket.box hill, dry area, temperance movement, mayors, councillors, agriculture, railways

A dress belonging to the family of George Ward Cole in the late 1800s; possibly his wife Thomas Anne Ward Cole or one of his daughters, Margaret or Agnes. George Ward Cole was an early member of the Victorian Parliament and the family featured prominently in Melbourne Society in their time. They established a substantial home known as “St Ninians” at 10 Miller Street in 1841. The family reportedly entertained Melbourne’s first Royal visitor the Duke Of Edinburgh, Queen Victoria’s second son at St Ninians in 1867. In later years St Ninians was subsequently subdivided and later demolished. A hand sewn, brown silk, evening dress, circa 1860, consisting of a bodice and skirt. The bodice features an off the shoulder neckline edged with cream lace. A chevron design of black velvet trim, passes from the shoulders to the centre front waist, then hangs loosely to the hip line. The black velvet trim on the sleeves and the skirt is edged with a black fringe. The bodice (.1) base is finished in a v-shaped front at the natural waistline. There are short puffed sleeves also feature the black velvet fringed trim and lace at the edge along with three epaulette style strips, which pass from the shoulder seam to the edge of the sleeve. Each strip finishes with a decorative bobble. The bodice lining is cream glazed silk with steel boning, cotton tabs sewn into both sides have four eyelets for lacing. The dress has a full, floor length unlined skirt (.2) which is slightly longer at the back creating a modest train. The skirt has horizontal bands of the velvet trim and finishes with a box pleated trim of the dress fabric. The dress is fastened at the back using two connecting rows of black velvet covered buttons.brighton, st ninian's, 1860s, evening dress, george ward cole, thomas anne ward cole, margaret morison ward cole, agnes bruce ward cole

This item is from the "Barone" Collection. "Barone" (also known as "Seaview") was a stately Brighton home built at 9 Moule Avenue prior to 1855 and demolished in 1986. The house's residents included Edward Elgin Browne (during 1859-72), a Melbourne tea merchant, and the family and descendants of retired Scottish Army captain Archibald Black (during the period 1880-1970). Its neighbors included “St Ninians” owned by the Ward Cole family, “Seacombe” owned by the Moule family, and the home of James Grahame and his family. The items in the "Barone" collection were largely donated by two of the house's later owners, Mrs Doris Halkyard and Mrs Brian Brandt.Leather, wood and metal ankle boots c.1860. Dark brown leather upper constructed of two pieces, the foot secures with a metal clasp at the centre front ankle. The upper is adhered to the wooden sole with metal nails. The sole of the forefoot has been reinforced with a metal horseshoe around the edge. On one shoe, a modern inscription (ball point pen) : From "Barone" 9 Moule Ave Brighton. Sept 1970 On other shoe, typewritten on paper: From "Barone", 9 Moule Ave., Brighton Pres. Aug 1970children's shoe, barone, seaview, brighton, 1860s

These shoes were worn by Emily Cock (nee Smith), the daughter of wealthy early settler John Matthew Smith. From 1856 until 1931 the Smiths lived at 'Castlefield', a mansion on a vast estate that at one time stretched along South Road from Bluff Road to Hampton Street. The land was gradually subdivided, and the house is now a part of Haileybury College. Julien Mayer was a French ladies shoemaker and prolific exporter who advertised his successes on the shoes themselves by stamping the soles with details of the prizes he had won.Pair of black kid leather shoes with low block heel, decorated with pink silk, cut-away applique and embroidery. Pink bow with metal clasp on one shoe; missing from the other. Edged with pink silk ribbon binding, largely deteriorated.Sole embossed with "MAYER / Julien / à Paris", in addition to tamped with three small medallions proclaiming the awards the shoemaker won in London in 1862, Porto in 1865 and Paris in 1867. Handwritten in interior sole of T0124.2 in pencil: "Emily Smith / Castlefield"emily smith, castlefield, shoes, 1860s, applique, embroidery, julien mayer

This child's crinoline skirt was donated in 1974 by Mrs Ella Kohn of Were Street, a life member of the Society. According to then-BHS Secretary Rosalind Landells, the skirt was originally made the fit a girl aged 10-12, but had been modified to add length. Mrs Landells reported that Society members had restored the skirt to the original length and that it would be worn at a costume parade at the Southern Cross on 27 March 1974 by Carolyn Scott.Pale yellow silk half-hoop skirt with cotton lining. Layered skirt with ruched top layer.children's clothing, crinoline, 1850s, 1860s, ella kohn

"The Uniting Church and former church hall are historically significant at a Local level (AHC A4). It was built after Melton’s ‘United’ church and school, erected by Protestant denominations in 1857 in an effort to share resources in the pioneering era, was replaced by individual churches in the 1860s. The church became the home of and is expressive of the union of the Methodist and Presbyterian churches, begun in Melton from the early 1970s, and formally concluded by the formation of the Uniting Church of Australia in 1977. The new additions and functions of the church are expressive of the increase in Melton’s population especially in the 1970s, and the changing nature of the parish’s ministry. The church is one of only three remaining nineteenth century churches, and one of only two remaining bluestone churches, in the Shire of Melton".Dinner celebrating 150 years of the churchchurches

The Uniting Church (originally the Scots Presbyterian Church) was built 1865-67) and adjacent former Church Hall / Sunday School (built 1938), Yuille Street, Melton. The adjacent former church hall, now kindergarten facility. The Uniting Church and former church hall are historically significant at a Local level (AHC A4). It was built after Melton’s ‘United’ church and school, erected by Protestant denominations in 1857 in an effort to share resources in the pioneering era, was replaced by individual churches in the 1860s. The church became the home of and is expressive of the union of the Methodist and Presbyterian churches, begun in Melton from the early 1970s, and formally concluded by the formation of the Uniting Church of Australia in 1977. The new additions and functions of the church are expressive of the increase in Melton’s population especially in the 1970s, and the changing nature of the parish’s ministry. The church is one of only three remaining nineteenth century churches, and one of only two remaining bluestone churches, in the Shire of Melton. Information from Shire of Melton Heritage Study Stage 2 Volume 6 David Moloney 2007 At the opening of the new extension to the churchlocal identities, churches

Murray Comrie Collection. John Pierce's Southern Cross General Store, a wholesale grocer and spirit merchant was put up for sale after Pierce's death in 1871. It was later incorporated into the Flour Mill complex. De Gruchy & Leigh was a publishing and printing firm operating in Melbourne and regional Victoria from the late 1850s until the mid 1860s. The company published almanacs and guidebooks as well as prints (portraits, views and genre scenes), maps and architectural plans (Source: National Portrait Gallery, Canberra). This is a copy created from another item in the collection - a printed piece of paper which was either a packing label or receipt form used at the company or a brand label for bottles, perhaps for wine made by the proprietor. Copy probably made by Murray Comrie in the 1970s. Monochrome photographic copy of a lithograph. Depicts a building with glass front windows and signage stating 'J. Pierce Wine & Spirit Merchant' and 'Southern Cross General Store, Wholesale and Retail Depot'. In front of building on road are two horses hitched to carts and men standing on cart and in front of store. This store was located on the south-eastern corner of Commercial Road and King Street. The building was later incorporated into the flour mill complex.tarnagulla, commerce, shops, stores, shopping, food, alcohol, horses, transport, buildings, commercial road, main street, john pierce, southern cross general store

The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s.| This sewing machine belonged to Isla Ilma Margaret Ernestine neeTasker, mother of Alfred Haeusler. Singer was first established as I. M. Singer & Co. in 1851 by Isaac Merritt Singer with New York lawyer Edward C. Clark. Best known for its sewing machines, it was renamed Singer Manufacturing Company in 1865, then the Singer Company in 1963. The Singer company began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris world's fair that year. They had offices established in both Sydney and Melbourne by the mid-1960s. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and a pioneer in promoting the use of instalment payment plans, making their machines more affordable for many people. This item is from the Hauseler Collection which documents social life of early settlers in the Wodonga community.Singer "Coffin top" treadle sewing machine with extension table. The machine is mainly black and silver metal but is extensively decorated with coloured decals. The decorations on this machine features a pheasant design which also helps to date the machine as it was only used from 1890 to 1915. The sewing machine is set into a wooden table with and extension leaf and 6 drawers, 3 on either side. The frame and treadle mechanism are iron with a thin leather belt to drive the mechanism. The "coffin" shaped top sits over the machine to protect it when not in use and is easily removed. The extension leaf provides a larger working surface and folds down when not in use. The Singer logo attached to the front of the machine features a needle, shuttle and thread.On metal base plate: "PATENTED /DEC 5 -1882/ MARCH 20 - 1883/ AUG - 21 1888. Model no: L6485622 Along top of machine: "The Singer Manufacturing Co." Front right: Singer Company Logohaeusler family, wodonga pioneers, sewing machines, singer sewing macnine

The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s. This object is a scoop for measuring tea leaves, also known as a tea caddy spoon. It was manufactured in Melbourne, Australia by Stokes & Sons. Stokes & Sons was established in 1856 by Thomas William Stokes, a die-sinker from Birmingham, England. It was likely manufactured in the early twentieth-century. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of domestic and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history, social history, and women’s history.A small metal tea caddy, or tea measure, with an engraved clock face on the scoop showing the time as 4 o'clock. On the reverse of the scoop a makers mark lists place of manufacture as Australia, and lists a registration number. "MADE IN AUSTRALIA REG NO 15733"tea, teaware, tea caddy, kitchenware, social history

The Wodonga Historical Society Haeusler Collection provides invaluable insight into life in late nineteenth and early twentieth century north east Victoria. The collection comprises manuscripts, personal artefacts used by the Haeusler family on their farm in Wodonga, and a set of glass negatives which offer a unique visual snapshot of the domestic and social lives of the Haeusler family and local Wodonga community. The Haeusler family migrated from Prussia (Germany) to South Australia in the 1840s and 1850s, before purchasing 100 acres of Crown Land made available under the Victorian Lands Act 1862 (also known as ‘Duffy’s Land Act’) in 1866 in what is now Wodonga West. The Haeusler family were one of several German families to migrate from South Australia to Wodonga in the 1860s. This telescope belonged to Louis Haeusler (b.1878) and is one of the many objects in the Haeusler Collection that represent home and social life in early twentieth century Wodonga. It was manufactured by The Union Mfg [manufacturing], & Agency Co. in Melbourne. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of domestic and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.Australian made telescope covered with a faux shagreen paper. Extends to three and a half feet long, with a five to ten mile sight range. On front of paper booklet: "TELESCOPE TALK/SOMETHING TO LOOK THROUGH/The Union Mfg, & Agency Co./299 ELIZABETH STREET,/MELBOURNE"telescope, recreation, family, haeusler collection, haeusler, wodonga

Negative - cable tram set turning from Smith St into Gertrude St 22/3/1940, trailer 286. Wal Jack Negative number T147. Has destination of Spencer St. and an advert for The New Palais Royale at the Exhibition buildings. In the background is G. D. Langridge Real Estate building. On the street outside is a fire alarm point. Rod Atkins advised 6/9/2020: "I have been so impressed with the photo that is being used in Bellcord for the issue that did some digging. The photo is priceless! The photo is taken on a Friday (to my surprise) mid-afternoon given the shadows. Did you notice the flip side of the dummy destination - Clifton Hill. Hard working cable tram line to the end - licence to print money for the board. The building on the South east corner. - G.D. Langridge & Sons Auctioneer. This was a Melbourne "institution" . George David Langdon was a local identity who went on to become MLA for Collingwood. ot sure when the business started but could have been in the 1860s or 70's Well before the cable trams. George died on 24th March 1891. The business survived till well after the war." Clock is showing 2.30pm, - day of the week - Friday.On rear of print in album "Cable 286 turning out of Smith St in Gertrude St Fitzroy. T147" and 22/3/1940.trams, tramways, cable trams, gertrude st, smith st, tram 286

The purchases and services recorded indicate that the user was an ironmonger. Origin of ledger unknown. Early business in Sandhurst in 1860s.An account ledger used to record the purchases and services made for a business. Records date from 1860. The ledger is covered with brown leather with decorative edges. There are alphabetical tabs at the front of the book with lists of names. Individual customers are allocated a double page entry. Pages are ruled and numbered. The book is in very poor condition having obvious signs of water and insect damage. The writing in the first quarter of the book is barely legible, remaining pages can be read. Some names - Durant, Watson, Mollison, Harris, Neale, Cahley, Bannerman, Larritt, Cranshaw, Gripe, McLachlan, Burrell, O'Loughlin, Cameron Rogers, McLevey, Nicholas Eliad?, Crago, Hopsell, Grant, Bird, Cahill, Harker, Parker S McKinlay, Fletcher, Birch, Cruikshank, Municipal Council, Heffernan and Crawley, Buckley Bros, John Harney, Bywater and Brother, Goulding, Casey, Reynolds, English, McKenzie, Knight, David Mackay."LEDGER" on the spine. Label inside "Sands and Kenny. Account Book Manufacturers. Stationers and Printers Melbourne"bendigo businesses, ironmonger

Wingrove Cottage built 1858-1859 of hand made bricks is historically significant for its long association with Charles Wingrove, a prominent figure in Victorian local government, as secretary to the Eltham District Road Board and Shire Council from 1858 to 1904, and Shire Engineer and Secretary to the Heidelberg Road Board. The cottage was used as the office of the Eltham District Road Board and Council for many years It is one of the Shire's oldest dwellings, and one of the few surviving 19th century buildings associated with early Eltham and located in the original Eltham Village Reserve. The symmetrical planting of a pair of Pencil Pines (not visible in photo) is also historically and aesthetically significant as characteristic of the early period of planting in the district and because they are a distinctive landscape feature. In October 2002 new owners demolished the outbuildings attached to the rear of the cottage. Community protest at the demolition resulted in Council issuing a Stop Work order. The owner was issued with a court order in September 2003 to develop a conservation management plan and restore the heritage listed property. The owner sold the property in 2005 to Cameron Construction in 2005 who undertook the restoration work. In 2007 a planning application to build two offices and seven dwellings at the rear of the property was ultimately rejected. The cottage is now the main office for Cameron Construction. Covered under Heritage Overlay, Nillumbik Planning Scheme. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p57 Wingrove Cottage on Main Road beside Eltham Primary School, is one of the Shire’s most important historical buildings and was central to local government for almost 50 years. The cottage was built in stages from 1858 to 1888 for Charles Symons Wingrove JP. He was the Eltham District Road Board’s first paid secretary and later the Shire Secretary when the board became the Eltham Shire Council. Wingrove held those positions, and that of engineer for a time, for 46 years. He was also one of the main figures in the Municipal Association of Victoria. As Eltham’s first paid municipal officer, Wingrove used one room in his 11 – (originally two) roomed home, as the office for the board then the council. Meetings were held there from the late 1850s (as well as at more central locations) until Wingrove’s retirement in 1904. The cottage is a rare example of a local government office occupying a Road Board /Shire Secretary’s purpose-designed house. The cottage is also significant because it is the oldest largely intact building from the original Eltham township reserve (south of Dalton Street).1 The township had its origins in the 1848 Nillumbik Parish Plan and was one of the state’s earliest township reserves. The rectangular house of handmade bricks, roofed with grey slate tiles and with a veranda encompassing three sides, is reminiscent of those in the central goldfields including Castlemaine. Its overhanging eaves and gables were unlike houses in Melbourne at the time. Wingrove, who was born in 1827, had been a gold digger and a road surveyor. Impossible to imagine in today’s world, Wingrove was also the Shire of Heidelberg’s secretary and engineer for part of the time that he was secretary in Eltham. Living next door to the primary school was a mixed blessing. Wingrove and his wife Katherine, who had ten children, sent their eight surviving children to the school. But they had occasional disputes with the school authorities when their cattle wandered into the schoolyard. Eltham showed Charles Wingrove its appreciation of his services by giving him two illuminated addresses, one after ten years and the other at retirement. Wingrove died in 1905 aged 76 and was buried in the St Katherine’s Church of England cemetery in St Helena. His grave is surrounded by those of family members including his wife, Katherine and two babies, Henry, 12 months and Isobella, 15 months, who died in the mid-1860s. Cottage ownership passed to his wife, then to daughter Caroline and then to daughter Bessie, a Melbourne University graduate and artist. During the Great Depression their brother Walter was the ratepayer. At one stage the Wingrove property extended to Metery Road and included a small creek. The family ran a small dairy and orchard, with associated farm buildings, which were later removed. In 1949 part of the property was compulsorily acquired by the Eltham Primary School, which infuriated owner Bessie Wingrove. She protested in a letter about this ‘monstrous act of unmitigated tyranny’.2 She was the last Wingrove to occupy the cottage and died in 1955. Wingrove descendants sold the house in 1974 and the property was subdivided. In the 1960s the Eltham Shire named the park opposite the cottage in Wingrove’s honour. The cottage has since had several owners including psychiatrist Dr Daniel Kahans, who practised there. In October 2002 late rear additions which had been substantially altered were demolished contrary to council planning controls. This caused a community outcry and resulted in legal proceedings against the owner. Fortunately the historical significance of the demolished section was not as great as the older front part of the building, which has been retained and was later restored.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, cameron construction, charles symons wingrove, eltham, eltham road district board, eltham shire council, main road, wingrove cottage

Gold was discovered on One Tree Hill in 1854. The site has been worked intermittently until fairly recent times. Published: Nillumbik Now and Then /​ Marguerite Marshall 2008; photographs Alan King with Marguerite Marshall.; p53 Though still a working mine, One Tree Hill Mine at Smiths Gully, now stands in a tranquil reserve surrounded by bush and native animals - in contrast to its heyday. In the mid 19th century, when the mine was part of the Caledonia Goldfields, hundreds of men in search of their fortune worked the alluvial gold in the Yarra River, its tributaries and the reefs that made up the goldfields. Miner Stan Bone, assisted by Wilfred Haywood, is the last of the independent gold miners in the area and still uses the quartz crushing battery as miners did when gold was first discovered in the area in 1851.1 Stan, who is the last of six generations of miners in his family, was aged 17 when he began mining on his father Alex’ mine, The Golden Crown in Yarrambat. These days, after blasting the gold-bearing rock in Mystery Reef, one of the four reefs at One Tree Hill, Stan transports it around five kilometres by tip truck to the Black Cameron Mine for crushing. There he uses water from the waterlogged mine, (which still contains gold), as the Happy Valley Creek at One Tree Hill is usually dry.2 The One Tree Hill Mine has been worked for close to a century since it opened around the late 1850s.3 The Swedish Reef was its most productive reef and one of the largest in the area. Around 1859, extractions included 204 ounces (5.8kg) of gold, won from 57 pounds (26kg) of stone.4 Then during World War Two, Stan’s uncle, Bill Wallace, and Alex Bone, closed the mine. In 1973, Stan, with his Uncle Bill, reopened the Black Cameron Mine and worked there until 1988. Stan resumed mining One Tree Hill in 1998. As late as the 1920s gold was picked up by chance! When crossing a gully on his way to vote at the St Andrews Primary School, Bill Joyce picked up some quartz containing gold. This site was to become the Black Cameron Mine. The Caledonia Diggings, named after Scotland’s ancient name by local Scots, began around Market Square (now Smiths Gully) and included Queenstown (St Andrews), Kingstown (Panton Hill) and Diamond Creek. There were also poorer bearing fields in Kangaroo Ground and Swipers Gully (now Research). * None of these compared in riches to the Ballarat and Bendigo fields5, but the Caledonia Diggings continued intermittently for close to 100 years. Gold was discovered in Victoria following a bid to stem the disappearance of much needed workmen to the New South Wales diggings. Several businessmen offered a reward of £200, for the discovery of gold within 200 miles (322 km) of Melbourne. Late in June 1851, gold was first discovered at Andersons Creek, Warrandyte. Then in 1854, George Boston and two other men discovered gold at Smiths Gully. Gold transformed the quiet districts, with a constant flow of families and vehicles on the dirt tracks en route to the Caledonia Diggings. Three thousand people worked the gullies in Market Square, including about 1000 Chinese miners. The square established its own police, mining warden, gold battery, school, shops and cemetery and grog flowed. Market Square flourished until the middle 1860s. Bullocks transported quartz from the Caledonia Goldfields to the crushing machinery at the Queenstown/St Andrews Battery, near Smiths Gully Cemetery. It was destroyed by bushfire in 1962. By the late 1850s, most early alluvial fields were in decline, but minor rushes continued until around 1900 and some until the early 1940s. Some miners did well, although most earned little from their hard labour in the harsh and primitive conditions.6 But according to historian, Mick Woiwod, the gold fields helped to democratise society, as individuals from all walks of life were forced to share experiences, and the ability to succeed, depended less on inherited wealth or social rank.This collection of almost 130 photos about places and people within the Shire of Nillumbik, an urban and rural municipality in Melbourne's north, contributes to an understanding of the history of the Shire. Published in 2008 immediately prior to the Black Saturday bushfires of February 7, 2009, it documents sites that were impacted, and in some cases destroyed by the fires. It includes photographs taken especially for the publication, creating a unique time capsule representing the Shire in the early 21st century. It remains the most recent comprehenesive publication devoted to the Shire's history connecting local residents to the past. nillumbik now and then (marshall-king) collection, gold mining, one tree hill mine, smiths gully

Mary Margaret Baird, born circa 1834, was the daughter of John and Elizabeth Logan, of Butterdean, Berwickshire. In 1860 in Victoria, she married Matthew Hamilton Baird, a well-known pastoralist and grazier, the owner of Mt Bute Station near Linton, as well as other rural and metropolitan properties. Margaret Baird lived at Mt Bute in the 1860s and early 1870s, after which it is understood she lived mostly in Melbourne. She died in 1910 at 'Waratah', Clendon Road, Toorak. Margaret and Matthew Hamilton Baird had nine children born between 1861 and 1877, not all of whom survived to adulthood. They are both buried in the Linton cemetery.Framed, hand-coloured/modified photograph of Margaret Baird. Portrait shows a lady in an elaborate gown, seated at a small, round table, her hands on a book. Two other books also on table. Large, draped window to RHS of sitter shows glimpse of garden. (Backdrop appears to be painted rather than photographed.) Lady wears a ring on her 3rd left finger, and a brooch at her neck. Hair neatly parted and coiled.mary margaret baird, mathew hamilton baird, mt bute station