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Federation University Art Collection
Ceramic, Gwyn Hanssen Pigott, Woodfired Bowl by Gwyn Hanssen Piggot, c1986
Gwyn HANSSEN PIGGOT (1935-2013) Born Ballarat Gwyn Hanssen Piggot completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts at Melbourne University in 1954. She spent three years apprenticed to Ivan McMeekin at Sturt Pottery, Mittagong, New South Wales. Between 1958 and 1965 Gwyn Hanssen-Pigott worked at various potteries in the United Kingdom, including Winchcombe Pottery in Gloucestershire, Leach Pottery at St Ives, and Wenford Bridge Pottery and Aldermaston Pottery in Berkshire. In 1960 she established her own studio in London. The essence of her work is purity, simplicity and form. She worked with porcelain for strength and for its translucent nature, and fired with wood to add a dine ash bloom to glazes. In 1992 Gwyn Hanssen Piggot was artist in residence at the Ballarat School of Mines.A small woodfired bowl by internationally renown ceramicist Gwyn Hanssen Piggot. gwyn hanssen-pigott, ceramics, gippsland campus, bowl, jan feder memorial ceramics collection, woodfire 86 -
Ballarat Clarendon College
Trowel
... beside St. Andrew's Kirk in Sturt Street, Ballarat. The trowel... was erected beside St. Andrew's Kirk in Sturt Street, Ballarat ...The trowel was presented to Revd. William Henderson, founder and first Headmaster of Ballarat College, by H R Caselli, Architect, on the occasion of his laying the Foundation Stone of Ballarat College, 12 September 1874. The building was erected beside St. Andrew's Kirk in Sturt Street, Ballarat. The trowel was donated by Revd. Henderson's son, Charles James Henderson, on 1 May 1920 along with a small silver plaque. In 1924, the trowel was used by Brigadier-General H E 'Pompey' Elliott, CB, CMG, DSO, DCM to lay the Foundation Stone of Memorial Hall, Ballarat College on 9 June 1924 (Memorial Hall opened 8 June 1925). A small silver plaque commemorates this event.Ornate, sterling silver, elongated-heart-shaped trowel with turned wooden handle. The top of the trowel plate is engraved with a detailed scroll and leaf design around edges and an inscription in the middle. The back of trowel plate is plain except for a small manufacturer's stamp. The trowel is accompanied by two small sterling silver inscribed plaques. Engraved inscription: 'Presented to / The Revd Wm Henderson / BALLARAT/ By / H. R. Caselli / Architect / on the occasion of his laying the / FOUNDATION STONE / OF THE / BALLARAT COLLEGE / 12th Sept. 1874.' Manufacturer's stamp on back of trowel plate: 'J. T. Sleep' Accompanying plaque inscribed: 'PRESENTED TO THE / BALLARAT COLLEGE / ON 1ST MAY 1920 BY / C.J.HENDERSON / (THIRD PUPIL IN 1864) / AND SON OF / REV.WILLIAM HENDERSON / FOUNDER OF THE COLLEGE'. Accompanying plaque inscribed: 'With this Historic Trowel / on 9th June 1924 / THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THE MEMORIAL HALL / was laid by / BRIG. GEN. H. E. ELLIOTT. C.B., C.M.C., H.S.O, D.C.M.'memorial, ballarat college, foundation stone, st andrews kirk, reverend william henderson, 1874, architect, school buildings, hall, h e elliott, pompey elliot, 1924, trowel, h r caselli -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Film - Photograph by Herb Richmond. ca 1971, Ballarat St Patrick's Cathedral - cnr Dawson & Sturt sts
Ballarat HistoryHistoric35mm B&W Kodak Plus X Pan Film.ballarat, ballaraat, st-patrick's, cathedral -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Film - Photograph by Herb Richmond. ca 1971, Ballarat St Patrick's Cathedral - cnr Dawson & Sturt sts
Ballarat History35mm B&W Kodak Plus X Pan Film.ballarat, ballaraat, st-patrick's, cathedral -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Black and White, Sturt Street, Ballarat, Looking West
P. D'Albora purchased the Sturt Street fruitshop in 1909. Ernest D'Albora ran a fruit shop in Sturt Street 1915.Black and white photograph of Sturt Street Ballarat from Bridge St looking towards the Ballarat Town Hall. ballarat, sturt street, d'albora and co, tram, suttons music store, ballarat town hall, galloway memorial, flagstones, bluestone, ernest d'albora, fruiterer, italo-australians -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Slide - Photograph by Herb Richmond, Ballarat St Andrew's Church, corner of Sturt & Dawson streets
This photograph is from the Herb Richmond collection held in the Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute Audio Visual Collection. Please contact BMI for all print and usage inquiries.Plastic mount 35mm slide, brand of film unknownballarat, ballaarat, st andrew's church -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Letter and Envelope, Tramway Museum Society of Victoria (TMSV), 1971
Envelope - preprinted in dark green ink - titled "Last Trammail Cover" - with a purple stamp in top left hand corner - "Carried by Tram between Eaglehawk and Bendigo / Sponsored by the Tramway Museum Society of Victoria Ltd.", in top right hand corner - 6c Australia stamp, featuring Sturt's Desert Rose and a Post Office Cancellation stamp "Ballarat 15 April 1972". Env7lope made by Tudor Presseal. Contains a Preprinted card - green ink titled "Last Trammail Cover", headed by TMSV's name, address and details of the TMSV, with the names of the Organisers John Fitzsimons and Bob Prentice along the lower edge. Two copies held - both addressed to Mr. G,. Breydon, 204 Carlisle St, Balaclava Vic 3183. One copy was opened to check the content, the other remains sealed. See Reg Item 2942 for the Ballarat version.trams, tramways, tmsv, bendigo, sec, tramcars -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Digital image, track removal at the corner of Sturt and Lydiard Sts, early 1972
Yields information about the track removal during early 1972 at the corner of Sturt and Lydiard Streets and the equipment used.Digital image (and copy print) of track removal at the corner of Sturt and Lydiard Sts, Feb. 1972 with the National Mutual and other buildings in the background. Has a "dragline" type excavator, crane and truck carrying rails in the photograph. Possibly originally a Courier Photograph. See Reg Item 2214 for work at this intersection 2/2/1972. From the Victoria Collections website - sourced by Ron Scholten July 2014.trams, tramways, road works, track removal, lydiard st north -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Film - Photograph by Herb Richmond. ca 1971, Ballarat St Patrick's Cathedral - cnr Dawson & Sturt sts
Ballarat HistoryHistoric35mm B&W Kodak Plus X Pan Film.ballarat, ballaraat, st-patrick's, cathedral -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Film - Photograph by Herb Richmond. ca 1971, Banks - NW cnr Lydiard and Sturt sts, Ballarat
Ballarat History35mm B&W Kodak Panatomic X Filmballarat, banks, lydiard st, ballaarat -
Ballaarat Mechanics' Institute (BMI Ballarat)
Film - Photograph by Herb Richmond. ca 1971, Ballarat, Lydiard St Banks - view NW from Sturt
Ballarat History35mm B&W film. Unknown brandballarat, ballaraat, lydiard st, banks -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Newspaper, The Courier Ballarat, "Tram in Collision later Catches Fire", 16/03/1963 12:00:00 AM
Yields information about accidents in Ballarat and a tram / tram collision which later resulted in a fire on one of the trams.Newspaper clipping from The Courier, 16/3/1963, titled "Tram in Collision later Catches Fire", describing the incident in which a tram caught fire, following a collision between two trams in Lydiard St and then later on a fire in one of trams. A second incident is also reported on - a collision between a car and tram at Grenville and Sturt Sts. Contained originally within Reg Item 5507 at the back of the binder. For items see btm5507 loose items list.pdf accidents, fire, lydiard st, grenville st -
Ballarat Clarendon College
Photograph
In August 1874 the College Trustees agreed to a loan by Mr Leckie of £1500 at 8% over three years, and the foundation stone of a new building, on the corner of Lyons and Sturt Streets in the grounds of St Andrews Kirk, was laid on 12 September by Rev Henderson, founder of the College. Designed by leading Ballarat architect Henry Caselli and built by contractors Taylor and Ellis, the building was opened for January 1875 classes. In February 1875 the original church hall was sold cheaply and moved from the site. The girls' section of the college was moved to the schoolrooms connected with the Baptist Church in Errard Street Sth. The girls school operated 1877 - 1892. Ballarat College moved to current senior campus premises at 1412 Sturt Street in 1912. A plaque commemorating the Caselli building remains on the original site. The photograph features southwest faces of building, surrounded by a picket fence; seven young boys are standing in front of the fence along the Lyons Street side. Grayscale photograph with hessian and card mountBottom right corner of photograph: ....tuhards....caselli, ballarat college, buildings -
Federation University Art Collection
Ceramic, Gwyn Hanssen Pigott, [Ceramic Grouping] by Gwyn Hanssen Pigott, 1990
Gwyn HANSSEN PIGOTT (1935 - 11 July 2013) Born Ballarat Gwyn Hanssen-Pigott completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts at Melbourne University in 1954. She spent three years apprenticed to Ivan McMeekin at Sturt Pottery, Mittagong, New South Wales. As a teenager she was taught to through by Neville Bunning, Ceramics lecturer at the Ballarat Technical Art School (a division of the Ballarat School of Mines). Between 1958 and 1965 Gwyn Hanssen-Piggott worked at various potteries in the United Kingdom, including Winchcombe Pottery in Gloucestershire, Leach Pottery at St Ives, and Wenford Bridge Pottery and Aldermaston Pottery in Berkshire. In 1960 she established her own studio in London. The essence of her work is purity, simplicity and form. She worked with porcelain for strength and for its translucent nature, and fired with wood to add a dine ash bloom to glazes. In 1992 Gwyn Hanssen-Piggott visited the Ballarat School of Mines Ceramics students, under the direction if lecturers Neville French and Prue Venables In 1994 she was artist in residence at the Ballarat School of Mines for six months. Gwyn Hanson Piggott received the Order of Australia Medal in 2002. Born Gwynion Lawrie John at Ballarat on 01 January 1935, Gwyn Hanssen Piggott died in London on 11 July 2018 London where she was for a solo exhibition of her new work. It is believed this work was presented at the time of Gwyn Hanssen Piggott's residencey in Ballarat.. It is part of the Federation University Art Collection which features over 2000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007. Australian Studio CeramicsA bottle and two tumblers by renowned ceramicist Gwyn Hanssen-Piggott. art, artwork, ceramics, bowl, ballarat, gwyn john, ballarat school of mines, gwyn hanssen pigott -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book, Ballarat Progress Association, Beautiful Ballarat, 1912
Tourist booklet.Soft covered book of eighty pages. Includes fold out map of Ballarat and illustrations such as Sturt Street, Ballarat Town Hall, Ballarat East Town Hall, Lake Wendouree, Botanical Gardens, statues, Ballarat Grammar School, Ballarat College, St Patrick's College, Ballarat Agricultural High School, Ballarat School of Mines and Industries, Bo Peep Falls, Cobb and Co., Lal Lal Falls.churches, education, schools, gold, ballarat, mining, tourism, railway, craig's hotel, cobb and co, wallace buter factory, the taffy king, eureka stockade, gordon brothers big store, ballarat east town hall, ballarat brewing company, lake wendouree, lake view hotel, ballarat botanical gardens, statues, boer war monument, club hotel, ballarat east gardens, new imperial gold mine, camp hotel, lal lal falls, bo beep creek -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Map of Central Melbourne", c1952
Map - dyeline print then hand coloured, titled "Map of Central Melbourne", subtitled "Showing tram and bus routes, railways, places of interest:. Includes railway yards. gardens, trams routes shown in direction in some places. Has initials WKGP in bottom right hand corner. Map c1952, after the Latrobe St lines opened but before Bourke St lines opened. Note: 1 - The Hanna St or South Melbourne depot is shown south of City Road, not south of Sturt Street as it should have been. 2 - route 78 shown terminating at Batman Ave is incorrect, ran from Victoria and Church Sts. Original document scanned as a high res tiff file, approx. 60MB, see large files directory - htd3736-large.tiftrams, tramways, mmtb, map, melbourne, tram routes, south melbourne depot, hanna st depot, latrobe st, la trobe st -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black and White - Newspaper photo, MMTB SW6 Tram in Flinders Lane for first time, 21 Dec 1944
Image shows a newspaper photo of MMTB SW6 Tram 890 in Flinders Lane operating on the official opening run on new diversion line in William Street, from Collins Street to Hanna Street (now Kings Way) to the corner of Sturt Street on 21 Dec 1944The Hanna St line provided an additional line into the City from Domain Junction and was designed to relieve pressure on St Kilda Road. Black and white print of MMTB SW6 Tram in Flinders Lane for first time tramways, trams, flinders lane, new william street line, opening, tram 890, sw6 class -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Drawing, Gordon Thurling, "The last tram Sturt Street Ballarat 19 September 1971", 1971
... in Sturt St at the time of the closure of the SEC system. Ballarat ...Artist - Gordon Thurling, BTV6 graphic artist at the time. Understood that he also worked for Myer in Ballarat, has since passed away. See item 6422 for another example.Strong association with the artist Gordon Thurling and demonstrates in a pen and ink drawing the last tram in Sturt St at the time of the closure of the SEC system.Coloured photocopy of a drawing by Gordon Thurling titled "The last tram Sturt Street Ballarat 19 September 1971". Originally a Black and white drawing of tram 39, with destination "Sebastopol" with Ballarat Town Hall in background, which has been coloured with green, grey and yellow watercolours.ballarat, trams, tramways, closure, drawings, last day, town hall, tram 39, gordon thurling -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Digital image, Peter Bruce, "No. 41 Mair St", 1970s
... Lydiard St between Mair and Sturt St. Trams tramways Mair St ...Yields information about Lydiard St between Mair and Sturt St.Digital image, black and white, of No. 41 southbound in Lydiard St after crossing Mair St with the George Hotel and Hoyts theatre in the background. The tram has the destination of Sebastopol. Photo taken by Peter Bruce 1970's and 1971, prior to the closure of the Ballarat tramway system. Peter's Title of image: "No. 41 Mair St"trams, tramways, mair st, lydiard st nth, tram 41 -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Ballarat photographs by Geoff Biddington, 1967
.6) Australian Catholic University Ballarat Campus (Aquinas) is set in the historic gardens of Carn Brea, formerly the property of Cornish miner Cyrus Retallack. The property includes a two-storey mansion, which he built as his family home in 1881. Carn Brea, a castle in Cornwall, was built in the 1500s. After the Queen's Church of England Girls' Grammar School acquired the property in 1919, the mansion was renamed Manifold House. Manifold House now accommodates administrative facilities of the campus and staff offices. (http://www.acu.edu.au/about_acu/campuses/ballarat/history_of_ballarat_campus, accesses 21 August 2014)Nine black and white images by Geoff Biddington. .1) Burke and Wills Monument, corner Sturt Street and Lydiard Street, with the MLS Building and Allan Brothers in the background. .2) Former Ballarat Post Office (later Federation University Post Office Gallery) .3) Tram in Sturt Street .4) Geelong ? shopping centre .5) Geelong Waterworks and Sewerage Trust .6) Carn Brae / Retallacks / Queen's / Australian Catholic University, 1200 Mair Street .7) Former Ballarat Post OFfice, Lydiard Street .8) Perseus Statue, Camp Street (removed for conservation in 2008) .9 McDonald Printer, 48 Lydiard Stgeoff biddington, ballarat, ballarat post office, geelong waterworks, perseus, mcdonald, acu, carn brae, australian catholic university ballarat, burk and wills monument, mlc building ballarat, allan brothers ballarat, lydiard street, sturt street -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Letter and Envelope, Tramway Museum Society of Victoria (TMSV), "Last Trammail Cover", 9/1/971
Demonstrates arrangements made by the TMSV to record the closure of the SEC Ballarat system in 1971 and has a strong association with some of the donor's activities at the time.Last Tram Mail Cachet - Ballarat 1971. 2942.1 - Envelope - preprinted in dark green ink - titled "Last Trammail Cover" - with a purple stamp in top left hand corner - "Carried by Tram between Sebastopol and Ballarat / Sponsored by the Tramway Museum Society of Victoria Ltd.", in top right hand corner - 6c Australia stamp, featuring Sturt's Desert Rose and a Post Office Cancellation stamp "Ballarat 18 Sep. 71". Envelope made by Tudor Presseal. 2942.2 - Preprinted card - green ink titled "Last Trammail Cover", headed by TMSV's name, address and details of the TMSV, with the names of the Organisers John Fitzsimons and Bob Prentice along the lower edge. Purchased through eBay - envelope and eBay emails within worksheet. 2942.3 - as for 2942.1, addressed to Mr. N. Gower / Flat 5 - 12 Errard St / Ballarat 3350. 2942.4 - as for 2942.2 - no damage to card and with words "Neville / Best Wishes / Bob Prentice" on rear in red ink. 2942.3 and .4 added 21/03/2006. Hand written note by Neville stored with worksheet. 2942.5 - added 11/10/2007 - envelope that has not been used. See Reg Item 5957 for the Bendigo version.2942.1 - On rear of envelope "$12" in pencil, 2942.4 - Words "Neville / Best Wishes / Bob Prentice" on rear in red ink.trams, tramways, tmsv, last tram, post office, postage stamps -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, 1890s?
... horses up the Sturt St hill, with the Town Hall in the background ...Yields information about the working of trams with three horses up the Sturt St hill, with the Town Hall in the background and the dress of the passengers and the advertising carried - the Vine Hotel.Black and white photograph of Ballaarat Tramway Company horse tram in Lydiard St. North with Town Hall in background. Horse tram has three horses in harness, with about 30 men and boys, passengers, standing around or on the horse tram. Vine Hotel advertisement on the modesty panel of the tramcar. Both copies of the print have been laminated for display purposes. Copy 3 - unlaminated, added 29/5/2007 from Alan Bradley collection of photographs, to the depot 5/2007. See Reg Item 5109 for a framed photo of this print. copy negative scanned 18/5/2020 and image replaced.trams, tramways, town hall, horse trams, lydiard st. north, ballaarat tramway company , tram horse tram -
Federation University Historical Collection
Postcard - Images, Views of Ballarat, c1920
Six small black and white postcards depicting views of Ballarat. .1) Sturt Street Gardens Ballarat, c1920 .2) Gong Gong Reservoir, Ballarat, c1920 .3) Sturt Street, Ballarat, c1920 .4) Sturt Street, Ballarat, c1920 .5) Sturt Street Looking Towards Mount Warrenheip, Ballarat, c1920 .6) Ballarat Arch of Victory, Ballarat, c1920. This view shows newly planted trees in the Ballarat Avenue of Hunour. ballarat, sturt street, sturt street gardens, mt warrenheip, trams, gong gong reservoir, ballarat arch of victory, gallaway memorial, galloway fountain, ballarat avenue of honour, harry davies, arch of victory, harry davies and co, ballaarat mechanics' institute, st andrew's kirk -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s - set of 32, Eldon Hogan, 4/06/1965 12:00:00 AM
... manufacturing display in Sturt St and the street scene and peoples ...Yields information about a 1924 Jelbart Engine manufacturing display in Sturt St and the street scene and peoples clothing at the time.Set of 32 black and white photographs of an Association of Railway Enthusiasts tour to Bendigo and trams 4/7/1965. The photos are not necessarily in photographic order. .1 - 30 on the Eaglehawk terminal track, beyond the normal terminus. .2 - 30 & 29 High St Eaglehawk. .3 - ditto with a poppet head in the background. .4 - 30 at one of the crossing loops .5 - 30 at Eaglehawk terminus extension .6 - ditto. .7 - ditto .8 - cleaning out the track .9 - showing the location of the track at Eaglehawk terminus and its extension .10 - cleaning out track .11 - a portable shed adjacent to the track .12 - A view of the two Birneys travelling in the empty country. .13 - ditto .14 - 19 and 18 at Golden Square .15 - Bendigo tram depot - creek crossing .16 - Scrubber at the depot .17 - 28 and 19 at the North Bendigo terminus .18 - 18 and 30 on the Golden Sq line .19 - 28 and 19 at the North Bendigo terminus .20 - ditto. .21 - 28 and 19 near the depot entry. .22 - 28 and 30 Pall Mall .23 - 28 at North Bendigo .24 - 17 and 19 and 6 at Quarry Hill .25 - 28 and 30 Mitchell St .26 - 19, 6 and 21 Quarry Hill .27 - 19 and 6 Quarry Hill .28 - 28 and 6 at the depot entry .29 - ditto .30 - 18 and 30, Golden Sq line .31 - 25 at depot .32 - 6 and 19 Charing Cross. Photographer Eldon Hogan. Printed on Kodak Paper .33 - roll of negatives of some of the above photos - stored in box 83 as well. trams, tramways, are, bendigo, eaglehawk, quarry hill, golden square, north bendigo, tram 30, tram 29, tram 28, tram 6, tram 19, tram 25, tram 17, tram 18 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Personal Papers, Victorian Parliament, "A Bill to authorize the Construction of an Electric Tramway from South Melbourne to Melbourne.", 1943
Printed document - headed "Legislative Assembly", first reading dated 16/11/1943, titled "A Bill to authorize the Construction by the Melbourne and Metropolitan Tramways Board of an Electric Tramway from South Melbourne to Melbourne.". Details the route: Sturt and Hanna Streets to William St via Queens Bridge St and Little Flinders Street - notes can be of open ballast construction and which authority responsible for costs. Notes part is cable tram conversion.trams, tramways, mmtb, south melbourne, hanna st, conversion, william st, queens bridge st, acts of parliament -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, Australian Govt. Department of Information, late 1940's
Black and white photograph taken from St Pauls Cathedral Melbourne, looking south over Princes Bridge, early 1950's. Has nine trams in the view, mainly W2's, but one W3 and many motor vehicles, trucks etc. Shows the gardens in the now Southbank area, the junction just past the bridge of South Melbourne tram line, Wirth Bros Circus and other buildings, Prince Henry's Hospital. In particular is an Olympic pool direction sign hanging below the Batman Ave tram sign. This would have been the pool in Batman Ave, nearer to Flinders St, within the Flinders St yard complex, not the 1956 pool. Directly below is a female pedestrian dress in the classic 1950's "Dior" look. Over the bridge on the west side is "The Trocadero" formerly The Green Mill Dance Hall opened on 07/09/1926. West of that again is "Olympia" run by Wirth's . In the distance is Prince Henry's Hospital, the tall section was built in 1942, since demolished. Rod Atkins noted that the Olympia burnt down in the early fifties about the same the Trocadia closed, so pre 1953. Note the centre pole is still place at the Sturt Street intersection. In Batman Ave we have two W2's 401 and earlier one. In St Kilda Road we have four W2's in foreground in then W3 - No. 667 then a W4 then a SW6 in the distance. Outbound on route 4D is 578, behind it is 340 on route 5. A safety zone is between 578 and 340.Stamped on rear "Australian Official Photograph / Department of Information" and the number "L3121" in pencil.trams, tramways, swanston st, princes bridge, melbourne, south melbourne, tram 401, tram 667, tram 578 -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Domestic object - Codd neck bottle, E. Rowlands, 1921
The design of the bottle is called a Codd, sometimes referred to as a marble bottle or "Codd's patent bottle". During the mid-to-late 1800s, there were many inventions to keep the fizz in carbonated drinks such as ginger ale, soda water, and fruit drinks. Hiram Codd, an English engineer invented a successful process that he patented as "Codd's patented globe stopper bottle" in 1872. The Codd-neck bottle (commonly called Codd or marble bottle) is manufactured in two parts. The body of the bottle is cast in two sections. At the time of joining the sections, glass marble and rubber seal are inserted into the neck section. The lip is then applied to the top of the bottle. The Codd bottle is filled upside down as the pressure of the gas from the carbonated liquid holds the marble up and out of the way. When the bottle stands upright the gas pushes the marble up against the washer, creating a firm seal to keep the fizz inside. The bottle is opened by pushing the marble down firmly to allow some of the gas to escape. The marble drops down and is caught in a depression formed in the neck. When the bottle is tilted to pour or drink the liquid the marble rests in a dimple. Two Ballarat miners, Evan Rowland and Robert Lewis started manufacturing mineral and aerated waters, bitters, cordials, and liqueurs in 1854, in a tent on the shores of Lake Wendouree Ballarat. Another 13 firms at that time employed manual operations, whereas they introduced Taylor's No. 1 machine that speeded up the process and laid the foundation for their fortune. Evan Rowland was a pioneer in the aerated water trade in Australia. He was born on August 2, 1826, in North Wales. In 1852, during the gold rush, he emigrated to Melbourne, and in 1854 he went to Ballarat and formed a partnership with Robert Lewis, the firm being called ‘‘Rowlands & Lewis’’. Their next step was to secure a supply of pure water. Using mineral Waters that they found via a natural spring at Warrenheip, Victoria. From the outset, the beverages made from this water gained repute and were in great demand. Their business prospered so well that in 1858 they were able to build a factory at the corner of Sturt and Dawson Streets, Ballarat, and to fit with the most up-to-date machinery then in use. By 1870 their business had increased so much and demand had grown to such an extent that Mr. Rowlands erected another factory, covering over an acre of ground at the corner of Dana and Doveton Streets, costing £13,000. The factory was fitted with the most modern equipment of the time to manufacture cordials and aerated water. In 1873 Rowlands established an agency at 116 Collins St, Melbourne, because the demand for the products of the Melbourne factory became so large. The company expanded to Sydney opening a factory at the corner of Burns & Hay Streets Darling Harbour obtaining spring water to supply this plant from Katoomba in the Blue Mountains. The water was brought to Sydney by rail. In the meantime, the Melbourne concern had progressed so rapidly that in 1888 a magnificent factory embodying all the latest ideas and equipment was built in King Street Melbourne. Robert Lewis was a fellow Welshman born in 1816, and he arrived in Port Phillip in 1853 and became a partner in the early day with Evan Rowland but with lesser and shorter involvement in the firm, from which he retired in 1876. Robert Lewis was perhaps better known as Ballarat's first mayor and a Member of the Legislative Assembly. He was a strong supporter of local charities, president/treasurer of the Eisteddfod Committee, a major force in the development of the Ballarat Hospital, and he was the mayor of Ballarat five times, the first in 1863, (having been a counsellor as early as 1859) and for the last time in 1881. Lewis died in 1884 of a stroke in Ballarat. Rowlands continued in the firm and invented and patented an improved soda water bottle. The water used in Rowlands products was filtered four times but his attempts to use local corks failed on quality grounds. He was a stickler for quality, which was so good that many outside Victoria were prepared to pay the 'premium' imposed by inter-colonial customs duty payable at that time. By the 1890s, Rowlands had factories in Ballarat, Melbourne, Sydney, and Newcastle. He died in 1894 but his company continued until well after the Second World War when it was sold to Schweppes.An early manufacturing process producing the first mineral waters in Australia was invented and developed by an early Welsh migrant to Australia. The Evan Rowlands story gives an insight into the early development of manufacturing industries in Australia that allowed their workers and the towns they were situated in to prosper and develop into what they are today. Bottle; clear glass Codd neck bottle with small marble in top. Once contained soda water or soft drink. Manufactured in 1921 by E. Rowlands of Ballarat, Melbourne, Katoomba and Sydney. The bottle is 'recyclable' - the message on the base says that it remains the property of E. Rowlands Pty Ltd."E. ROWLANDS BALLARAT MELBOURNE KATOOMBA AND SYDNEY". Imprinted into bas "1921" "THIS BOTTLE REMAINS THE PROPERTY OF E. ROWLANDS PTY LTD"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, bottle, codd bottle, hiram codd, glass marble bottle, e. rowlands bottle manufacturer, soda bottle australia, early recyclable bottle, codd's patent bottle, marble bottle -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, c1907
Yields information about Sturt and Armstrong Streets with a toast rack tram and Snows Buildings on the left.Black and white historic photograph downloaded from a picture resource website within a decorative frame. Printed with an inkjet printer. Titled "Looking down Lydiard Street North Ballarat, circa:" shows a view looking north along the street from outside the Mining Exchange. Shows the centre poles in the street, the Federal Hotel, Cobb & Co building, blue stone gutters, gutter crossings and telephone wires. Original photo from a postcard - not currently (June 2010) in Museum's collection.trams, tramways, lydiard st north, horse drawn vehicle