General use of milk bottles is usually associated with the 20th century , with occasional late 19th century. Initially, milk was delivered in cans stacked upright in a wagon At each stop, someone, usually the wife of the house, would bring a pitcher or a pail to the wagon, and the milk man would ladle out the desired amount of milk. Needless to say, this practice was hazardous and unhealthy. The New York State Tuberculosis Association condemned the practice of selling “loose milk,” still being conducted in New York City in 1922, as a major cause for the spread of tuberculosis (Glass Container1922:8). It is probable that the delivery of milk in glass containers became universal shortly thereafter. General use of milk bottles is usually associated with the 20th century , with occasional late 19th century. Initially, milk was delivered in cans stacked upright in a wagon. At each stop, someone, usually the wife of the house, would bring a pitcher or a pail to the wagon, and the milk man would ladle out the desired amount of milk. Needless to say, this practice was hazardous and unhealthy. The New York State Tuberculosis Association condemned the practice of selling “loose milk,” still being conducted in New York City in 1922, as a major cause for the spread of tuberculosis (Glass Container1922:8). It is probable that the delivery of milk in glass containers became universal shortly thereafter. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Spotswood 1880 - 1990. made bottles for various companies. Milk cartons first came to Australia in 1958, when the Model Dairy in Melbourne began packaging milk in 150 ml and 500 ml cartons. At the time, 160,000 new glass bottles were needed in Melbourne alone every week to keep up the delivery of 1.3 million bottles of milk a day. In 1970, the blow-moulded disposable plastic milk bottle was introduced. In 1987, only about 2% of milk was still being sold in glass bottles. Glass milk bottles are now rare. A clear glass milk or cream bottle 'Imperial' 1/4 Pintaround base : IMPERIAL 1/4 PINTmelbourne, early settlers, market gardeners, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, manufactured glass, milk bottles, dairy farmers, dairies

Seven stacks of handwritten documents pertaining to Melbourne Branch of Cohn Bros, six for years 1924, one for year 1927. 1. Envelope containing Melbourne Stock Sheets + Swan Hill + Bank Certificates years 1924 stapled and pinned together. 2. Balance Sheet & Profit & Loss 30th April 1924 3. Balance Sheet 30th April 1923. 4. Pinned together Balance Sheet 30 th April 1922. 5. Pinned Comparitive Figures April 1921. 6. Particulars of Percentages to Turnover, April 30th 1921. 7. Stapled together Melbourne Branch Stock 30 April 1927.bendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery

Sepia photograph on grey mount of P Rohs Bone Mills, artificial manures, flock mills. Timber building, with large brick chimney stack. Dray loaded with bags of manure pulled by white horse. Female and male figures on platform in front of building. Two children and group of five males and one female on ground. Inscriptions: in image - 'P Rohs, Bendigo Bone Mills, Artificial manures, flock mills'. On cart in image - 'Bendigo Bone Mills', On front TR corner 'MP115'. On back - 'Peter Rohs Fertilizer Factory, Rohs Road, Bendigo c1880'. Handwritten on back in ball point pen.buildings, commercial, p rohs bone mills

Black and white photo. Cohn Bros. float for the Easter Fair. The dray is decorated with pictures around the base of the dray (using 2 pictures alternately) bottles are lined up on the dray. A number of barrels are used on the float, there are large cut outs of bottles surrounding a stack of barrels with the CB label, which reads 'CB Cohn Bros LTD Made From The Pure Fruit'. There are 4 men in front of the dray and 5 on the dray which is being pulled by 4 horses. Markings/Inscriptions: Front; MP 195 Back; W H Robinson, Photographer, Mundy St., Bendigo. Bendigo Historical Society (INC)W H Robinsonorganization, business, cohn bros. limited

Sandhurst Dragons: South Bendigo F.N.C: A small gold coin approximately the size of a 50c piece. One face shows the logo of the Sandhurst Cricket Club aka The Sandhurst Dragons. The second face shows the logo for the South Bendigo F.N.C aka The Bloods. The sides of the coin show that it is made up of 4 stacked layers, each about 0.9 of a millimeter thick. Some layers show signs of separation with debris inside. Both faces are covered in a thin layer of resin which shows signs of bubbles and surface indentations. Internal structure is possibly made of light weight metal. It is possible that the layers were meant to separate but no conclusive information exists to confirm it. sandhurst dragons, south bendigo f.n.c, the bloods, south bendigo bloods, sandhurst cricket club, token, coin, bfnl, bdca

BHS CollectionSepia copy of a photograph titled Views of Bendigo No. 10. Photo has a printed decorated edge. Under the photo is View of North Old Chum Claim, showing surface Excavations. N J Caire was the Sandhurst photographer. Printed at the bottom is: The dividing range between Happy Valley, Victoria Hill and Iron Bark, Lansell's No 180 Claim and New Chum and Victoria Company's Quartz Crushing Battery, J W Forbes, Agend and another name beginning with a W. In the photo are three tall chimneys, poppet legs, buildings, stacks of wood, fences and in the foreground a large excavation with a heap of rubble beside it.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - views of bendigo no 10, north old chum claim, n j caire, j w forbes, lansell's no 180 claim, new chum and victoria company's quartz crushing battery

This computer was used at the Ballarat College of Advanced Education. The 2674A was introduced in 1983, and obsoleted on November 1, 1985. (http://www.hpmuseum.net/display_item.php?hw=45) The 9121D monitor was a dual, 3.5 inch floppy disc drive with an HP-IB interface. A grid of electrical beams on all fours sides of the screen gave the monitor touch screen capability. Its drives accomodated SS/DD discs (270KB). The 9121S was the single drive version of the 9121, priced at $1185. The 9121 was the first HP product to come in the new slimline, stackable form factor. HP used this form factor for computers and disc drives for over ten years. The 9121 used the AMIGO command set. The 9121 was obsoleted in November of 1987. You can use your PC's hard drive (with an HP-IB board installed) to emulate this drive with vintage HP computers. (http://www.hpmuseum.net/display_item.php?hw=288) Hewlett Packard grey monitor Series 100/150(HP2674A) and grey computer (HP9121). The monitor is an early touchscreen. A series of holes on all four sides of the monitor enabled a grid of electric beams allowing touchscreen functionhewlett packard, computer, monitor

Ken Peeler (at head of horse), Ken's father, Ern Peeler and brother Don Peeler (sitting on load) with dray-load of 'five-foot wood'. Peeler's Road, Barkers Creek. Photographed by Alice 'Girlie' Adams, approx. 1942. Families living at Barkers Creek and Woodbrook obtained contracts to supply 'five foot wood' to Thompson's Foundry and Castlemaine Woollen Co. Rows of wood, neatly stacked, 10’ high X 5’ wide covered many acres at each factory, ready for use in firing the boilers. Much bushland was thus cleared for orchard or pasture. The horse depicted is fully harnessed with bridle, eye-winkers and reins, dray collar, hames, shaft saddle with girth & pole straps and breeching straps. Neatly stowed under the dray shafts can be seen the props, used to keep the dray horizontal when the horse was to be taken out of the shafts. The dray was almost entirely constructed of wood, with steel tyres on the wheelsA reminder of the significance of local sources of fuel to some of Victoria’s biggest manufacturing concerns as well as depicting a major source of employment involving minimal capital. A B&W photograph depicting 2 men and a boy with a horse-drawn dray filled with wood. Photograph taken by Alice 'Girlie' Adams in 1942. Ken Peeler, Ern Peeler and Don Peeler appear in the picture along with a horse with no known name.

Decimal currency was spectacularly introduced in an overnight overthrow on 14 February 1966, but it took another 8 years before metrication finally arrived in the forest and timber industry. Eventually, the measurement of logs and sawn timber changed from imperial, and excruciating, measures such as super feet of sawn timber, billets and cunits (100 cubic feet) of stacked pulpwood and hoppus log volumes to simpler cubic metres. Measuring firewood was a particular nightmare. For example, there were standard chords, stove cords, kitchen cords, running cords, face cords, thrown chords, fencing cords, country cords, long cords, raummeter or steres (1m x 1m x 1m). A standard cord of firewood had a volume of 128 cubic feet, measured as a pile 8 feet long, 4 feet high and 4 feet wide (3.624 m3). And how about this for confusing…. in Victoria, an imperial or long ton (by measure) of green firewood was a stack 5 feet long billets (2 axelengths at 2′ 6″ each), one axelength high (2′ 6″) and two axelengths long (5 feet) equalling 62.5 cubic feet. For added befuddlement, there were three different sorts of tons: Imperial tons or long tons, American short tons and metric tonnes (spelled with two n’s). Not forgetting that a cubic imperial ton of firewood (40 cubic feet) which equalled 1.133 cubic metre. The metrication process began in 1974 and was completed by 1976 but the transition was not without its challenges along the supply chain for foresters, overseers, logging contractors, sawmillers, hardware stores and builders alike. Timber lengths changed from feet to metres but were still sold in multiples of one foot or 0.3 m (1.8, 2.1, 2.4, 2.7 etc) whereas a menacing lump of 4-Bee-2 transformed into a rather less colourful 100mm by 50mm. Measurement and calculations of area also became so much easier in hectares rather than complicated acres, roods and perches. The Forest Metriverter slide-rule was issued by the Forestry and Timber Bureau to make metric conversions easier.Forest MetriverterRoss Pennyforest measurement, surveying, forests commission victoria (fcv)

Black and white photograph of a coach building business. Note the number of workers involved in the manufacture of the different styles required by customers. To the right of photo there are a number of workers using machines to manufacture the different body parts that are required. One cart to left of photo appears to be the finished product. Centre top there is a cantilever structure with bodywork stacked on top and a number of wheels, large and small, hanging from the side. There are also a number of wheels hanging from posts of the building framework. Note the differing clothing styles of the workers from shirt, trousers and apron, to hats shirts, waistcoats, trousers. Differing stages of construction have bodies on tables, wooden frameworks, boxes and wooden horses.industries

Black and white photograph. View across mining area showing at least 9 poppet head, 11 chimneys and many buildings associated with the mines. C to L - flume, wood stacks, mullock heaps. On back hand written in pencil and ink: 'Devonshire Group about 1880', 'Eaglehawk', 'Duchess Tr4ibute', 'South Devonshire', 'Princess Alexandra', 'United Devonshire', 'Pheonix' (sic), 'South St Mungo' (crossed out), 'hopewell', 'St Mungo' (crossed out), 'Duchess of Edinburgh' etc. 'At rear of Calfornia Hill State School', 'A Richardson, 29 Harrison St, Bendigo', Circular blue stamp 'Royal Historial Sociaty of Victoria, Bendigo Branch', 'MNG 70'.James Lerk 26/11/1999place, mining site, see also 2000.426.01, 2000.437.01, 2000.438.01, 2000.439.01, 2000.504.01, 2000.507.01, 2000.509.01

black and white postcard. Great extended Hustlers poppet head, now at Wattle Gully, Chewton ( J. Lerk 26.22.1999 ) Poppet head in front of mining buildings, stacks of sawn timber to right. Written on back ' Royal Historical Society of Victoria Bendigo Branch, printed across top. Great Extended Hustlers/locality/ Hustlers Hill, Nth. Bendigo/Formed 1865/Last production 1921/Depth of Shaft 3470 feet/Poppet Legs - Steel, 70 feet high. /Winding Engine: First motion 8 ft. drums/Gold Very Rich/Total Yield - 300,000 ozs. / Dividends $675,000. 'Post Card' printed on RH side.organization, business, great extended hustlers mine

B&W photo showing hay being stacked at Glen Park Farm, Selby. The photo shows two women and a man in a sloping paddock. On the left is a woman in a pale, knee-length dress, climbing a ladder propped up against a tall haystack. The haystack has a covering with a repeated logo on it. A man stands near the bottom of the ladder, holding a sheaf of hay on his right shoulder. He is wearing a hat, light jacket and dark trousers. A woman stands uphill of the others. She has a light blouse and slightly darker calf-length skirt. The haystack is set between trees on the downhill side. In the distance Black Hill can be seen.

This knife and scabbard belongs to Lindsay Fankhouser, who wore it on his ankle when he served as an engineer/ crewman in the RAAF (Iroquois and Hercules) during the Vietnam war. He used this knife many times a day while he was serving. The handle of the knife has an aluminium butt that is 18mm long and a bolster that is 19mm long. Between these there are stacked wooden washers. The pattern of the washers is three reddish brown, one white, one black, one white, eleven reddish brown, one white, one black, one white, three reddish brown. The butt has a flat end and a gentle curve downwards (towards sharp side). The handle has a context shape. The bolster has a concave shape. The blade is sharped from 3mm past the bolster. The blunt edge of the knife has a gentle curve inwards from about 55mm along the blade until the sharp point of the blade. There is a maker’s mark on the blunt edge of the knife near the point. It has been worn down and is now illegible.norway, norge, soallingen, knife, small knife, hunting, scabbard, sheath, vietnam, lindsay fankhouser, raaf

Newspaper cuttings of an article and accompanying photo in "The Herald" December 9, 1931. The photo is of four students carrying pitchforks of oats, with the caption: "Girl harvesters at Burnley Horticultural School see plenty of the practical side of farming. They are carrying the last sheaves of an oats crop stacked yesterday." The accompanying article, "Burnley's Long Career," describes the students activities and the history of the school. It discusses the changes in the girls' uniforms over the years and the types of girls who take the course: those wanting a career as gardeners, those wishing to make 'pin money' from part-time gardening and those who regard gardening as a domestic hobby. Research and writing are also mentioned as potential careers.the herald, students, burnley horticultural college, students working outside, oats, careers, uniforms

Set of 8 photographs taken by Warren Doubleday on 16/4/1999 of moving the ex SEC bike, bicycle, shed to Bungaree. On Kodak paper. 1101.1 - stacking the roofing materials onto a hired trailer. .2 - shed ready to be lifted. .3 - lifted and then placed waiting and waiting for the truck. .4 - Crane and truck with shed arriving Bungaree. .5 - Lifting shed off the truck. .6 - ditto .7 - placing shed into position onto the stumps. .8 - Carolyn and Anita chopping up the in front of the house, that had about two weeks before parted from the main trunk. See also Reg. No. 1094 and 1095 for other photos of the move. btm, sec bike shed, bungaree

Two copies of notes on Lansell's Bendigo Battery. Ref. Bendigo Advertiser February 26th 1894. One copy is incomplete. Notes on formal opening of the 105 head battery, water supply and the Christening of the 6 engines connected with the battery by one of Mr Lansell's children. Another extract is from the Bendigo Advertiser dated Tuesday December 5th 1893 Page 3. Included in the notes is the description of the battery, driving engines, ripple tables, Halley's shaking tables, blanket tables, engines, Tambour Major plant, Mr Lansell, boilers, dams, the stack and names of engines Christened by one of Mr Lansell's children. Detailed description of the engines, etc.mining, surface equipment, lansell's bendigo battery, lansell's bendigo battery, notes on lansell's bendigo battery, bendigo advertiser 26/2/1894 & 5/12/1893, mr geo lansell, sheepshead line, water supply, mrs bassford, mr james northcott, tambour major coy, halley's shaking tables, johnson's gold mines, new red white & blue consolidated, north red white & blue

BHS CollectionFirst Class Season Greeting Booklet: Small Blue booklet with gold Print. Gold logo with a horse shoe and a train engine with smoke stack, around that is a banner with *Health Wealth and Happiness line* Also printed on the front is *A First Class Season to you*. Inside on white paper and black print is *First Class Season Ticket. Health Wealth & Happiness Line on the Railway to Life. Always available stations all over the world etc. A Joyous Christmas and a bright New Year, with a long and very happy journey through life. No. 369 Issued by…. Maud. On the back printed in gold is Good Luck. Two hands clasped and underneath At All Times and At All Seasons in Box 625Angus Thomas, Publisher London, E.C.personal effects, greeting cards, christmas

Black and white photograph on cream card.Foxing spots throughout. Date approx. 1896 / 1876. View across mining area showing at least 9 poppet heads, 11 chimneys and many buildings associated with the mines. C to L - flume, wood stacks, mullock heaps. Inscriptions in image: 'Duchess Tribute' on weather board building at C. 'N' at TR. Hand printed above image (on earlieir copy of this image of which this is a photograph), 'Devonshire Group on Mines / Snob's Hill and Mungo Mines in Background'. Above image: 'Duchess Tribute', 'South Devonshire', 'West United Devonshire', 'Pheonix', 'Duchess of Edinburgh', 'United Devonshire'. On the back: blue circular stamp 'Royal Historical Society of Victoria, Bendigo Branch' , 'MNG 71'.James Lerk 26/11/1999place, mining site, see also 2000.426.01, 2000.437.01, 2000.438.01, 2000.439.01, 2000.504.01, 2000.508.01, 2000.509.01

Trunk belonged to Godfrey Hirst and was used in his travels between Australian and England. Godfrey Hirst's first trip to Australia was in 1885 and his last trip was in 1916. In this time Hirst was known to travel between Australia and England regularly on the lookout for the latest updates from England that he could bring to his factory in Geelong. The trunk was donated by Susan Wiffen (née Betts), the great granddaughter of Godfrey Hirst. Godfrey Hirst set up a successful woollen textile factory in Geelong in 1888. The factory stayed in operation until 1966. The company still bearing his name has since been purchased by various investment companies but continues to be the largest carpet manufacturer in Australia. Predominately black trunk with two wooden bands around the sides of the trunk and five across the top (lid). The lid is slightly curved and contains white printed lettering GODFREY HIRST. The trunk also contains small wheel underneath locked for pushing the trunk sideways only. The trunk contains two leather handles on either side. Internally, the trunk contains three levels of storage with baskets stackable on top of one another. The baskets are finished in a white and brown striped fabric which has red taped edging for additional strength. The top layer of baskets also has brown leather latches in order to keep the basket lids shut. The layered levels of storage are synonymous of Saratoga style trunk.Printed. Letters: Godfrey Hirstgodfrey hirst

Azurite is a secondary copper mineral made by the weathering of copper sulphide ore deposits. Azurite is formed from copper, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. There are over 45 forms of azurite that are more well-known, however over 100 forms have been found. Azurite is also commonly found together with Malachite, and Azurite is often psuedomorphed to Malachite. This specimen was found at the Great Cobar Copper Mine in New South Wales, which was founded in 1870. At the time it was one of the largest mining operations in the world. It was the largest copper mine in Australia and housed the southern hemisphere’s tallest chimney stack. The international price of copper collapsed at the end of World War 1 which led to the closure of the Great Cobar Mine on March 16th 1919. A year later on March 10th 1920 an underground fire in the CSA (Cornish, Scottish, Australian) mine started and burned for 16 years. The closure of the mine and the fire left thousands jobless and many people left the area. These were factors in Cobar facing a long stretch of poverty, until a boom in the 1960s led to the reopening of the mine. The mine still operates today, obtained by Metals Acquisition Limited in June 2023. Azurite is considered an uncommon mineral. Named for its deep blue colour, azurite was historically used for pigment making and as a gemstone, despite its softness. This specimen was donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880 as part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens. Many of the specimens in this collection were obtained as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria, which started in 1852. The Survey aimed to map the scientific makeup of the earth.A solid copper mineral with shades of darker blues almost covering it.burke museum, beechworth, indigo shire, beechworth museum, geological, geological specimen, mineralogy, cobar mines, great cobar copper mine, cobar mining, new south wales, azurite, azurite specimen

Four photographs framed together to produce a panorama. The four photographs were taken from the slope of the Ballarat School of Mines where the Wesley Church now stands. When joined they gave a panoramic view of one of the world’s richest alluvial goldfields. The town you see had over 50,000 people. Bridge Street on the left is well established. The crude pans and cradles of the early “diggers’ were already giving way to steam power and the deep shafts of the “miners”. Money and machinery were needed to get to the deeper leads, and the smoke stacks of the great company mines can be seen across the photo. The waterloo mines was one of the first deep shafts and was sunk at the foot of the Dana Street hill. Its tailings are seen in the second photo from left. ballarat, ballarat gas works, mount warrenheip, shingle roof, mullock heap, mining

Watercolour and black pen painting of the Bank of New South Wales, Eaglehawk. Written on bottom of art:' Note room with high chimney where gold was melted into ingots to be sent to Melbourne. This bank was closed about 1920 and has been used as a shop since' Artwork signed by Alf Perry 1954. Two punch holes on LH side. Written on back in pencil : Only 3 banks in Victoria had a smelting room with tall chimney. The gold was bought and refined and melted into ingots. The three banks were at Eaglehawk, Castlemaine and Bendigo (from publicity officer Bank of NSW Melbourne). I have established that the Castlemaine Bank NSW definitely did not have a chimney stack as in this picture. My information came from an old member of Castlemaine Bank of NSW staff in 1962.'eaglehawk, commercial, bank of nsw

BHS CollectionHand written list of war restrictions: On paper with blue lines for writing, sheet came from a writing pad. War situation Ordinance Factory Guns. Con on Trams. Guards - Women in Industry - Stacking. Man power regulations. Direction of Labour. Rationing Coupon System. Black Marketing. Black out regulations - Street lighting, Shops and Homes. 100 mile inland. Road Signs. Shovels for road trenches. Petrol rationing. 4 Galls Police Supplies. Women in slacks for Winter. Power restrictions. Air raid wardens. Organise spare ........... Race course was camp. Show grounds was camp also. American troops billeted with us. Volunteer Air observers. Corps. All planes to be accounted for and ......................................................Severe Winters. Radiators banned. Box 625

Mr. Evans is CEO of Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), and he is sitting in his office at RDNS Headquarters, 452 St. Kilda Road, Melbourne.Mr. Evans was CEO of Royal District Nursing Service for many years and introduced computers to improve the Payroll system and the Records Department. In his years at RDNS the Service expanded into many suburbs with Centres being built, more cars required, more nurses employed and a rise in patient numbers. He was CEO when RDNS underwent its initial 'Accreditation for 3 years' in 1985. A coloured photograph of Mr. Frank Evans, who has receding dark hair, and is wearing a pale blue long sleeve shirt and a brown patterned tie. He is looking at the camera as he sits on a grey chair behind his desk, and has a pen in his right hand poised over a white sheet of paper. Other sheets of white papers cover the desk., To the left rear is a small two shelf table, with papers and a blue cellotape dispenser on the top shelf, and books and cards on the bottom shelf. On the wall above it, part of a large map can be seen. Behind Mr. Evans, and to the right of the table, is a grey multi draw cabinet with some draws partly open, and one fully open with white papers in it. Multi coloured books and folders stand vertically on the top of it, and to there right are two rows of stacked open shelving with files and papers in the individual shelves. royal district nursing service, rdns, rdns ceo, mr frank evans

This postcard was written by a person referring to themselves as 'Malee Male', possibly living in the Malee area of South West Victoria. It was written after the wreck of the sailing ship Falls of Halladale, wrecked at Peterborough in November 1908, and before the reign of King George V in May 1910, at which time new postage stamps would have been issued to replace those of Queen Victoria. The writer refers to the excitement of the shipwreck and of having a sailor from the ship working for his/her mother (there was no loss of life from the shipwreck). The note is addressed to a single female family member and includes greetings to people they both know. The address of Oakleigh is approximately 20km south east of Melbourne. The writer talks of being tired and weary, inviting the receiver to visit and help with the 'office', also hinting at some matchmaking for his/her Aunt. It would be a long journey for a person to travel from Oakleigh to the South West Victoria areas. This postcard is an example of the style of writing in Victoria in the early 1900's and of social issues and concerns, including shipwrecks.Postcard, black and white photograph of the Falls of Halladale in full sail. Back of card has handwritten, black script. Top right has 2 x Half Penny stamps, green, Queen Victoria's profile. A short note addressed to a family member Miss M. (Maysie) MacLean c/o Mrs Waite, Warragul Rd, Oakleigh and signed of Mallee Male, refers to the photograph on the front and sailors from the ship.Note on card is addressed to Miss M. MacLean c/o Mrs Waite, Warragul Rd, Oakleigh and signed of Mallee Male. Message on card is ."Dear Maysee and all, too busy and tired to write but not to forget you all. This is a view of the ship Falls of Halladale, great excitement, one sailor boy came back to work for Mum and he and one crew ... When are you coming up Maysie, If you haven't any things else on hand. You can come and assist me with office. Aunt is feeling ... Do you know of any nice boys for Aunt anywhere? Dear old chicken, I am so weary so tata. Stacks of love to all and ... Mallee Male." flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, falls of halladale, peterborough, 14/11/1908 shipwreck, queen victoria half penny stamp, maysie maclean warragul rd oakleigh, mrs waite warragul rd oakleigh, post card, postcard, communication early 1900's, mallee male, sailor employment

The first tape based talking book machine from the late 1950s, produced by Clarke & Smith, that allowed the listener to hear up to 20 hours of recordings. Although bulky (each tape cartridge alone weighed over 2 kgs), the MK1 was the first magnetic, multi-track tape produced and considered quite novel for it's time. The cartridge designed to be played on the Clarke & Smith MK1 Talking Book player came in it's own separate container. Each cartridge houses the complete mechanism, track change linkages, replay heads and tape spools, which are stacked on top of each other within the housing. When one track was finished, the user was required to lift the metal cassette, turn it over, and replace it on the turntable. The bulky cartridges were distributed by post or train in strong 'Globite' cases made with reinforced corners and strapped. The costs associated with talking book players were high and individuals/groups/service clubs were asked to sponsor a machine to help those who could not afford to buy or rent one. In this example, a plate attached to the lid indicates who raised the funds: "This talking book/is presented to you/by Tallimba Branch/ of CWA of NSW." Please note: despite images, there are no cartridges with this model.Metal talking book machine housed in a brown wooden carry case. There are two plastic knobs on the front facing right hand side, and an electric cord extending from the back of the case. To the left of the knobs is a speaker grille. Also includes talking book cartridge 'The darling buds of May'.audio equipment, clarke and smith

General use of milk bottles is usually associated with the 20th century , with occasional late 19th century. Initially, milk was delivered in cans stacked upright in a wagon. At each stop, someone, usually the wife of the house, would bring a pitcher or a pail to the wagon, and the milk man would ladle out the desired amount of milk. Needless to say, this practice was hazardous and unhealthy. The New York State Tuberculosis Association condemned the practice of selling “loose milk,” still being conducted in New York City in 1922, as a major cause for the spread of tuberculosis (Glass Container1922:8). It is probable that the delivery of milk in glass containers became universal shortly thereafter. Melbourne Glass Bottle Works Spotswood 1880 - 1990. made bottles for various companies. Milk cartons first came to Australia in 1958, when the Model Dairy in Melbourne began packaging milk in 150 ml and 500 ml cartons. At the time, 160,000 new glass bottles were needed in Melbourne alone every week to keep up the delivery of 1.3 million bottles of milk a day. In 1970, the blow-moulded disposable plastic milk bottle was introduced. In 1987, only about 2% of milk was still being sold in glass bottles. Glass milk bottles are now rare After Decimalization 14/2/1966 Metric measure glass bottles were used A clear glass milk bottle ‘Imperial’ half pint. Around centre : IMPERIAL HALF PINT Base: M / 'scar' / 824 ( enclosed in a circle) / 8 / 760melbourne, early settlers, market gardeners, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, manufactured glass, milk bottles, dairy farmers, dairies

Various images taken of library processes and staff, for the NILS Annual Report. These include: - the Circulation area, where items were returned via post and stacked on trolleys. Cassette books were checked for completeness (as a book could require multiple cassette containers or having missing cassettes) and if they had been rewound, before returning. The computer system either re-circulated the book out to another borrower or put to storage in the Hanging Carousel, which was 1 storey high and housed 1000's of books. Books being sent out again were issued a card with the address label printed on it, and were required to be placed in the address rack on the book, before being shipped out via post. - Computer Access Centre was located in the Browsing Library and consisted of two computers, one with a larger screen for increased font size and a trackball mouse designed for people with limited mobility. - Duplication where blank cassettes are loaded into 'slaves' and a master recording duplicated on to multiple tapes - Browsing Library where a small selection of Braille, audio and large print books are kept and can be viewed. - Braille and Large Print Production, where text is scanned then transformed into the desired format, before proofing and dispatch to the client. - Audio Production studios where text is recorded by single or multiple narrators, and produced. 298 images of NILS staff, clients and volunteersnational information library service, john turner, carl sayo, tim mitchell, marnie rose-smith, ted johnson, craig carey, jamie kelly, alan egerton, alan bates, bernadette jolley, debbie cooke, kelly thong, robert de graauw, karl hughes, justin bates, jean watson

Bendigo Advertiser '' The way we were'' from Monday, October 28, 2002. Miniatures: in 1960, 15 mini-debutantes, dressed in white frocks and wearing wristlet posies of pink and blue, were presented to the Bishop of Sandhurst, the Most Rev. B. D. Stewart, at St Liborius' annual children's ball in Eaglehawk Town Hall. The debs and their partners were: Patricia Hill (John Leahy), Pauline Hughes (Bradley Penno), Ann Stewart (Philip Munro), Margaret Benbow (Garry Kallismae), Marie Girvan (Norman Hall), Mary Anderson (Colin Hill), Valerie Andrew (Bernard Crameri), Dianne Crawford (Danny Dullard), Jennifer Newman (Michael Cluff), Carmel McQuillan (Robert Hall), Dorothy Wilson (Shane Metcalf), Rhonda Metcalf (Wayne Fitzgerald), Patricia Fitzpatrick (Mark Gladman), Mary Stack (John Keogh), Elizabeth McCann (Joseph Singe). The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were