Showing 1760 items matching "professionals"
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Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Pipe Tobacco Smoking, Circa 1900s
Pipe smoking has been in vogue for centuries, and in Australia it was a symbol of the "discerning smoker" such as the landed gentry or men of professional status. This pipe, of the cherrywood style, would have suited the young professional of the mid and late 1900s. It is the type of pipe well suited to the rural backdrop. In the late 1900s, with the health related restrictions placed on public smoking these tobacco pipes were not immune from the legislation, and even though the pipe smoke was not as offensive as cigarette smoke it still came under the umbrella of smoking. Pipes were also used in the process of inhaling illicit drugs i.e. marijuana, but this use was limited to a very few. Smoking in the second millennium is being phased out as a social habit in Australia but may affect the few "private" smoker and has, as the United States prohibition era (alcoholic drinks) did, spawn an illicit trade in cheap contraband tobacco.his type of pipe lends itself well to the rural setting of the Kiewa Valley and although it is a bit more bulky in shape its wooden barrel blends into the environment. The Kiewa Valley region was up until the late 1900s part of the Australian Tobacco Industry and the levels of men smoking pipes was enhanced by the ready supply, "off the fields", of tobacco leaves and the attitude to city based smoking restrictions was one of resentment.. This pipe has a bent stem and its style is cherrywood. The pipe has a permanent filter and a narrow tin band. The bowl is well pronounced (curved both top and bottom). The stem screws into the bowl , mid way up the bowl (similar to KVHS 0423 and KVHS.0424) and the stem is also made from bakelite (dark brown in colour). This stem is the same length as KVHS 0055.001 but the bit (mouth piece) has a gentler curve.tobacco, pipe smoking, smoking accessories -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Slide - 35mm slide/s, Keith Kings, 25/03/1956 12:00:00 AM
Yields information about the closure of Geelong tramway system - slide of Geelong No. 4 decorated for the last tram in Geelong.Agfachrome Professional plastic mount (blue base, white cover) reproduction slide of a colour slide of Geelong No. 4 decorated for the last day of service, outside the depot in Corio Tce. Tram has the destination of Belmont. Sign on the end of the tram, notes that the tram was the first car in 1912 and was to be the last car in 1956. Photo taken on 25/3/1956. See also Reg Item 4388 for a print of this photograph. See btm2667doc.pdf for a scan of a letter and the rear of the photograph identifying that Keith Kings took the photo. Photo added to collection - "G 7" and "1 -7" in pencil.tramways, trams, geelong, depot, last tram, corio tce, closure, tram 4 -
Tennis Australia
Racquet, Circa 1972
A Chemold Rod Laver Professional Model tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders and shaft, and leather grip with floral perforations. Model name features across base of head and throat, accompanied by an 8-pointed star device. Chemold logo features along shaft. Gold, black and white Chemold trademark features on lower shaft. Plain white plastic butt cap. Materials: Wood, Nylon, String, Ribbon, Paint, Ink, Plastic, Leather, Rubber, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Adhesive tapetennis -
Federation University Historical Collection
Poster - Posters, BCAE and BIAE Course Information: 1970-1988, 1970-1988
Ballarat College of Advanced Education is a predecessor Institution of Federation university. 10 posters advertising course information at BCAE and BIAE .1) BIAE GDAY Courses, Careers, Counselling, not dated .2) BCAE Courses 1986 .3) BCAE Visit 1986 .4) BCAE Graduate Exhibition 1982 .5) BIAE Professional Careers, not dated .6) Ballarat College of Advanced Education (sign, not dated) .7) BIAE Degrees and Diplomas, not dated .8) BIAE Degrees and Diplomas, not dated .9) BCAE The Country Alternative 1988 (2 copies) .10) BCAE A Country Alternative, not datedbcae, biae, henry moritz, graham hawley, course information, ballarat college of advanced education, open day -
Geelong Cycling Club
Wooden Shield, 1998
Shield prepared for the senior road aggregate races for the Geelong West Cycling Club which then became the Geelong Cycling Club. The 2005 winner - Leigh Howard, was a professional rider with Team Colombia in 2010 and is currently on the pro tour with Orica Green Edge (commencing 2012). He was the World Omnium Champion in 2009, and World Madison Champion 2010 and 2011.This shield records the cyclists who were high achievers in the Geelong region.A mahogany coloured wooden shield with brass plated plaques containing inscriptions of winners of the senior road aggregate of the Geelong West Cycling Club during the years 1998-2002. There is an emblem of a cyclist and a banner at the top centre of the shield."Geelong West Cycling Club/1998/Geoff Robertson/1999/Jason Sterling/2000/Geoff Robertson/2001/Geoff Robertson/2002/Geoff Robertson/2003/James Stewart/2004/Daryl Suter/2005/L. Howard/G.Mathieson"geelong west cycling club; geoff robertson; jason sterling; james stewart; daryl suter; l. howard; g. mathieson; -
Nillumbik Shire Council
Painting: Walter MAGILTON, Walter Magilton, Sunlight and Shadows, Warrandyte, 2011
Walter Magilton's professional painting career is highlighted by numerous solo exhibitions, five of which have been in Great Britain. He has also won countless prizes, which include many 'Best in Show' awards. Walter is represented in a great number of private and corporate national and international collections, including ART Bank, in approximately twelve countries.This painting is a one of a series of approximately eight works of the river at Warrandyte and the local creeks, with particular emphasis on the reflections in the water and of the wattle growing along the banks. I was particularly inspired by Penleigh Boyde who did similar work while living in Warrandyte in the early 1920s.'Sunlight and Shadows, Warrandyte' is an oil on canvas painting depicting the Warrandyte landscape, featuring a winding creek with beautiful reflections cast upon it. The colour palate comprises muted green and earth tones, with a vivid aqua for reflective water.walter magilton, nillumbik, warrandyte -
Vision Australia
Audio (item) - Sound recording, Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind, Around the Institute: March 27, 2001
Around the Institute was a weekly program designed to keep clients and staff informed of events, activities and thoughts relating to low vision and blindness. It consisted of interviews undertaken by Jo Matthews, with sound engineer Ed Gamble, designed to inform, educate and explore on a variety of topics. March 27: Professional development seminars – Karen McKenzie, RVIB Bursary – Marie Younan. royal victorian institute for the blind, radio shows -
Falls Creek Historical Society
Clothing - Corona International Snowboarding Classic T-Shirt, 1995
This T-shirt was donated by Ian Denford who was involved in the organisation of this event held at Falls Creek in 1995. He was one of the first snowboard instructors at Falls Creek and a Snowboarding Examiner for the Australian Professional Snowsport Instructors Association. Ian was also organiser of the Summit Boardriders in conjunction with Mark Horan The Corona Classic was the first internationally sanctioned snowboard event in Australia.This item is significant because it commemorates the first International Snowboard competition to be held in Australia.A T-shirt made of off-white fabric with a black design produced as a souvenir for the Corona International Snowboarding Classic which was held in Falls Creek on the 19th and 20th August 1995. The back of the T-shirt also includes the logos of the event sponsors.snowboarding falls creek, summit boardriders, corona snowboard classic -
Geoffrey Kaye Museum of Anaesthetic History
Painting - Portrait, Robert Hannaford, Presidential Portrait of Professor Kate Leslie, 2013
Professor Kate Leslie was ANZCA President from 2010 - 2012. The portrait was commissioned by ANZCA to mark the presidential term of Professor Kate Leslie and was unveiled at the ANZCA staff Christmas event on the 15 November 2013. The artist, Robert Hannaford, is from South Australia and was a political catoonist. He has a long history of painting portraits of politicians and distinguished professionals in the field. Oil on canvas portrait of Professor Kate Leslie wearing the Presidential medal without the Presidential gown. She has her arms casually crossed in front with legs crossed, and is seated in front of a plain brown background. The painting is set in a wide timber frame.[lower RHS] HANNAFORD '13painting, leslie, kate, anzca president, hannaford, robert -
Heidelberg Golf Club
Leisure object - Golf club, McLean Bros and Rigg, Putting cleek, 1920s
This mixed set of clubs and bag was collected as an early example of golf equipment before the current trend of matched clubs and bag. This putting cleek is a narrow, low lofted club face - the 180s equivalent of a putter. Inscribed with the name "James Braid" (1870-1950) a Scottish professional golfer and golf course architect who won the British Open 5 times.One of a mixed set of golf clubs held at HGC.Hickory shaft and iron head, leather grip.Inscription on head: "McLean Bros and Rigg. Royal. Warranted hand forged. James Braid. Putting cleek."golf clubs, irons (golf), james braid, putters -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Document - Navigation Chart, Portsmouth to Canary Islands, CA. 1928
Navigation charts are drawn by professional hydrographers and describe the geography of land and water, enabling a water based navigator on board vessels such as ships to safely negotiate between ports locally and around the world. They are drawn to a particular standard with common symbols noting landmarks. The charts are used in conjunction with other navigational instruments and tools to calculate the vessel’s exact location and a safe route to its destination.The set of charts and their chart are of significance as examples of equipment and documents used to navigate the oceans of the world, particularly to Australia. Migration to Australia is an important part of this country's history.British Admiralty Navigation Chart - Portsmouth to Canary Islands - printed on rectangular white paper. Published in London by the British Admiralty in 1928.warrnambool, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, chart, map, navigate, navigation, location, vessel, 1928, british admiralty, hydrographer, geography, admiralty chart, portsmouth, canary islands -
Greensborough Historical Society
Folder, Montmorency and the Nicholson family, 2019_
This folder contains a brief history of the Nicholson family and material about Dr. George Cornwall Nicholson, purchaser of land in Montmorency formerly owned by the Donnithorne Family. Includes 9 Certificates of Title relating to the subject land and other certificates and listings relating to their residency of "Glengarriff" and activities. It records an active professional Montmorency resident and community member, and the later subdivisions of the Glengarriff EstateLoose-leaf folder containing a brief history of the Nicholson family and Dr. George Cornwall Nicholson, purchaser of land in Montmorency. Includes 9 Certificates of Title relating to the subject land and other certificates and listings relating to their residency of "Glengarriff" and activities.glengarriff estate montmorency, nicholson family, donnithorne family -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Sign - Hudson's Extract of Soap sign
Robert Spear Hudson (d. 1884) invented the first dry soap powder in 1837 and called it extract of soap. Following his death the company was taken over by his son and later (1908) sold to Lever Bros. a subsidiary of Uni lever. Hudson was the first to use advertising posters created by professional artists. This piece appears to be the lid from a wooden box.Sign for Hudson's Extract of Soap. Sign is paper glued on to timber. The sign is predominantly red, green and black. soap, advertising, hudson's soap -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Book, Hodder & Stoughton, Sydney Cove 1788: The first settlement of Australia / by John Cobley (ed), 1962
Day-to-day account of the events of the first year; texts taken from historical records & mss; briefly mentions contacts with natives in districts, physical description.London : Hodder and Stoughton, 1962 296 pages, 4 unnumbered leaves of plates, 8 unnumbered pages of plates : illustrations (some colour), maps ; 23 cm non-fictionDay-to-day account of the events of the first year; texts taken from historical records & mss; briefly mentions contacts with natives in districts, physical description.sydney (nsw), australian history - sydney 1788 -
Australian Nursing & Midwifery Federation
Australian Nursing Federation 'Proud to be a nurse' badge, [2006?]
Button distributed to and worn by Australian Nursing Federation (ANF) members. The ANF has been campaigning for greater professional recognition of nurses since its inception as the Victorian Trained Nurses’ Association in 1901. The front cover of the July 2006 issue of the Victorian Branch newsletter 'On the Record' features a nurse wearing a sticker with a similar design as this badge, suggesting it was manufactured and distributed around this time.Circular blue, green and white plastic badge. Silver metal, plastic-coated, with safety pin fastener adhered to back. Badge printed with 'Proud to be a NURSE' and the ANF [Australian Nursing Federation] logo.nursing, unionism, professional identity, nurses, lobbying, badges, buttons, pins, trade unions, labour history, australian nursing federation -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Kiewa River, Stocking and Crossing the Kiewa River by Jan Hunter (nee Chick), 2020
The Chick brothers, Alf, Les and Allan, plus friends, began trout fishing and camping in the Kiewa Valley before the early 1930s. Les continued his connection with the Kiewa River until his death in 1972. Fingerlings were placed in the Kiewa River from the early 1880s. Keegan's Bridge is a crossing near Upper Gundowring and about 4 km south east of Dederang. References to the crossing were made in the early 1900s and a petition presented to Council in 1904 calling for a bridge.The bridge was built and opened in 1907. The photos are of the release of fingerling trout in the Kiewa River, thought to be at Keegan's Bridge. The fingerlings were transported in drums on the back of trucks. The photos are c1940s.The Kiewa Valley has been a popular spot for fishermen, tourists and campers from the 1880s. One of the many attractions has been the excellent fishing along the Kiewa River due to the regular release of fish especially brown trout. This continues to the present day (2020) when a few fish were marked with $$ signs for the lucky fisherman who caught them. This attracts visitors, their families and boosts the economy and dates back to visits at the Tawonga Pub prior to the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme.19 page book with black plastic spine and clear plastic cover over the beige paper cover with title , author and black & white photo. Note: In KVHS photo collection there are 4 good quality reproduction photos on photographic paper. These have been produced professionally. These photos of Jan Hunter's are featured on the second page of her book. These also have a letter attached. The book is a pre-research paper & is No 33 of the Albury and District Historical Society Papers. The sub-title is "Trout releases and Keegan's Bridge / from the newpapers, 1882-1935"None on the book but a letter is attached from Jan Hunter, the author as a follow up to the photos she donated. On the photos - On the back: Fujifilm / Fujicolor Crystal Archive / Paper / Production - run codekiewa river; trout; fish; keegan's crossing; keegan's bridge; fingerlings; chick family; camping; tourism -
Federation University Historical Collection
Poster - Posters, BCAE and BIAE Open Days: 1970-1987, 1970-1987
Includes the Centenary of Technical Education Poster10 posters advertising open days at BCAE and BIAE .1) SMB Centenary of Technical Education in Australia 1870-1970 .2) BCAE Open Day 1982 .3) BCAE The Country Alternative current courses 1987 .4) BIAE Degrees and Diplomas .5) BIAE Professional Careers .6) BCAE Open day 1986 .7) BCAE The Country Alternative 1986 .8) BCAE Choose Your Ballarat C. A. E. Careers Tree 1986 .9) BCAE Open day 1981 .10) BCAE Guess Whos Where at the BCAEbcae, biae, open day, henry moritz, graham hawley, anniversary, centenary, ballarat school of mines centenary, technical education centenary, poster, ballarat college of advanced education, ballarat institute of advanced education -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - COHN BROTHERS COLLECTION: RECEIPTS
[a] Plain manilla envelope with handwritten captions, re 'Shipp Property, Wills St, Swan Hill. 'Alan Garden & Green' Solicitors Swan Hill 15/3/1940. Red pencilled No 4, crossed out No 139. [b] Two 'Alan Garden & Green' Swan Hill Barristers & Solicitors receipts pinned with an invoice issued to Cohn Bros, dating in March, May and June 1940. £340 and £11/19/6 receipt amounts re professional services relating to transfer and purchase of Mrs Shipp property in Wills St Swan Hill.bendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Slide - 35mm slide/s, prior 1924
Agfachrome Professional plastic mount (blue base, white cover) reproduction slide of a black and white photograph of Geelong Nos 8, 4, 1 and another 4 wheel tramcar and a open cab motor bus photographed within the interior of Geelong depot, prior to 1924. From notes provided by David O'Neil, 12/2003, advises that bus driver is either Bill Hamaling or Charles Stafford. Gentlemen next to No. 8 could be Vic Phipps. Hawthorn Tram Museum Reg Item 3558 shows the tram on the left hand side - Geelong 2."G 1" and "1 -1" in pencil.tramways, trams, geelong, depot, motor buses, tram 8, tram 4, tram 1 -
Tennis Australia
Racquet, Circa 1976
A Chemold Rod Laver Professional Model tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders, bamboo lamination, fibreglass shoulder support, and leather grip with floral perforations. Chemold logo features across base of head. A head and neck photo decal of Laver features on throat, followed by model name along shaft. Chemold trademark with large 'C' features on lower shaft and on black butt cap. Shaft on obverse features autograph by Laver. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Ribbon, Paint, Ink, Plastic, Leather, Rubber, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Bamboo, Fibreglasstennis -
Tennis Australia
Racquet, Circa 1976
A Davis Professional tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders, and leather handle grip with patterned perforations. Davis logo features across base of head. Model name, with 'D' trademark, features across throat. TAD "Kings of the Court" trademark features on lower shaft on obverse. Davis coat-of-arms "Duce virtute comite fortuna" trademark features on lower shaft on reverse. TAD trademark features on rubber butt cap. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Ink, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Leather, Adhesive tape, Rubber, Fibreglass, Ribbontennis -
Tennis Australia
Racquet, Circa 1976
A Davis Professional tennis racquet, with ribbon whipping around shoulders, and leather handle grip with patterned perforations. Davis logo features across base of head. Model name, with 'D' trademark, features across throat. TAD "Kings of the Court" trademark features on lower shaft on reverse. Davis coat-of-arms "Duce virtute comite fortuna" trademark features on lower shaft on obverse. TAD trademark features on rubber butt cap. Materials: Wood, Nylon, Ink, Glue, Lacquer, Metal, Leather, Adhesive tape, Rubber, Fibreglass, Ribbontennis -
Tennis Australia
Racquet, Circa 1955
A Spalding "Top-Flite Professional" model tennis racquet, featuring whipping around shoulders and shaft. Has leather wrapped handle and leather butt cloth. Manufacturer name features across base of head. Model name and triple triangle symbol feature across throat. Wreathed 'S' symbole features on lower shaft and on butt cloth. Clear plastic packaging wrap still on handgrip. 'Wilson Chamionship'-branded stringing. Materials: Wood, Metal, Lacquer, Glue, Leather, Vinyl, Ink, String, Plastic, Adhesive tape, Painttennis -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Book - (Copy) BENDIGO & VICINITY, c1895
Bendigo and Vicinity: A comprehensive history of her past, and a resume of her resources: Together with the biographies of her representative pioneers, public, commercial, and professional men. (1895). Compiled by W. B. Kimberly. Publisher: F W Niven & Co Printers and Publishers, Melbourne and Ballarat. 273 pages. Illustrations: Photographs, illustrations, listing of dividends, copies of collages. Markings: Royal Historical Society of Victoria – Bendigo Branch In front and back. Inscription reads: Donated by Hilda Meurer. To the Historical Society, daughter of pioneers Mr. & Mrs. A Meurer. July 6th, 1954W B Kimberlybook, bendigo, bendigo history & its people, bendigo history, family tree, councilor, gold, biographies, travel to australia -
Australian National Surfing Museum
Newspaper Article, All Goes Well For Bubbly Surfing Prodigy, 6/1/2011
The first week of 2011 was a turbulent week in the world of professional surfing. On Wednesday 5th January, 2011 Australian surf wear company Quiksilver announced that they had signed Rip Curl surfer Stephanie Gilmore to a new $5 million dollar, 5 year contract. The next day this article about Tyler Wright appeared in The Age heralding a new female face for Rip Curl Australia.The article is significant because it focuses attention on Rip Curl's new female face in the wake of the sudden departure from the company by 4 times World Surfing Champion Stephanie Gilmore.Feature newspaper article from THE AGE, Thursday January 6th, 2011, page 6 by Martin Boulton about the sponsorship contract extension for 16 year old Australian female surfer Tyler Wright to Rip Curl Australia. Includes photographs of Wright surfing and running along beach.surf, quiksilver, stephanie gilmore, tyler wright, rip curl australia -
Robin Boyd Foundation
Container - Hanging Files
Robin Boyd used these hanging files for personal and professional documents. They are labelled "Puzzle of Architecture & Living in Australia". 'Stegbar", 'Letters", 'Flying Dogtor", 'Publications", 'Crawfords", 'Club", 'The Australian", 'Miscellaneous", "Historical Notes". 'The Aist'n Ugliness", 'Trips", "290 Walsh St", "Car", "insurance", "Foster Parents", "Penleigh & Suzy" and some are untitled. These were kept in a special built in space in the upstairs south shelves.walsh st miscellaneous, robin boyd -
Uniting Church Archives - Synod of Victoria
Photograph, Johnny Gray: former wrestler turned Christian, 1984?
Johnny Gray was born in England and came to Australia in 1959, and grew up in Broadmeadows, Pascoe Vale, and educated at Broadmeadows Tech. In 1970 he began professional wrestling, competing in countries around the world. Retiring from wrestling he became a health and fitness consultant. His Christian pilgrimage began with the Leighton Ford crusade and at the time of the interview he was an elder at Moonee Vale UC.One photo is of Gray wearing his wrestling costume and the other is of his head looking sideways.C&N identification on both.gray, johnny, professional wrestler, moonee vale uc -
Otway Districts Historical Society
Book, The Text Publishing Company, Cliffy: the Cliff Young story, 2013
Cliff Young was a sixty-one-year-old potato farmer from Beech Forest in the Otway Ranges, a couple of hundred kilometres south-west of Melbourne. With his distinctive shuffle, friendly wave and innocent grin, he beat a field of professional runners to take out the inaugural Westfield Sydney to Melbourne Ultra-marathon starting on April 27 and finishing May 2 in 1983.Cliffy: the Cliff Young story. Julietta Jameson. 1st ed. Melbourne (Vic); The Text Publishing Company; 2013. vi, 218 p.; illus. ISBN 978 1922 0798 6 2 Soft covercliff young; beech forest; sydney; melbourne; ultra-marathon; otways; -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - JENNY FOLEY COLLECTION: SPORTING TIMES
Samuel Keam (1851-1928) was the son of John Keam and Mary Truscott of Eaglehawk. He was a keen bike rider who challenged many other riders to races in the Bendigo area. He also rode in professional races. He eventually opened his bicycle shop in Williamson Street. He married Mary Jane Wheatley in 1873. They eventually moved to Spotswood where he died.Bendigo Advertiser ''The way we were'' from Thursday, February 12, 2004. Sporting times: S. Keam Importers and Manufacturers of Bendigo proudly display their collection of late model penny-farthings, alongside a treadle sewing machine, bicycles and other wares. The side wall of the firm's store is also advertising perambulators (prams) and bicycles, circa 1890. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Typewriter Case Olivetti, Circa 1950
This typewriter case allowed the Olivetti typewriter to be securely and free from contaminants to be totally mobile. The Olivetti typewriter company was founded in Italy in 1908 and became a leader in portable dependable typewriters.This particular typewriter contained is a Olivetti Lettera 22, oblique front stroke and portable manufactured after 1950. During the 1950s and 1960s was a time when British and European manufactured goods were still purchased by many Australian consumers. After the 1970s however, there was a shift, mainly in the cities, to Japanese made goods. The invasion of Japanese manufactured goods was relatively slower, especially in rural areas. The demand for long lasting and dependable merchandise was in the rural area still the most important criteria. The ease of setting up this typewriter and its compact mobility was its major benefit to trades people and travelling professionals, e.g. rural doctors, other medical professionals, accountants, lawyers and educators. This item(carrying case) facilitated the growing numbers of professional nomads requiring a relatively light office stationery package e.g. travelling novelist, writer, businessman and academics. This typewriter needed no electrical or battery power to operate it therefore the inside compartment did not require additional storage pockets . Outback Australia, where at this point in time, good available electrical power reticulation and battery power, was a scarce and therefore could not be totally measured as a highly efficient office environment. The protective carrying bag provided the only mobile way to operate in some business and home locations.Although this typewriter cover and its typewriter was purchased from a business in Penrith, Sydney, N.S.W., it is significant that it travelled easily to the Kiewa Valley, demonstrating the mobility of certain sections of the community. This typewriter cover protected the expensive typewriter it contained which was designed by an Italian industrial designer, Marcello Nizzoli, in line with the art deco style of the 1930s and the colour and flexibility of the vibrant 1950s. The underlying theme of manufacturing in the 1950s was to produce equipment that was more efficient than what was inherited from the earlier period of 20th century. Improvements were made to this Olivetti typewriter by Giuseppe Beccio by reducing the number of parts made from 3,000 to 2,000. Protection of such a typewriter was of an utmost necessity. The need for mobile expensive typewriters waned as less expensive typewriters became available. This was the major principle of the Japanese manufacturing juggernauts of the post World War II. Efficiency and low cost material was becoming prime factors in the success of rural industries from the 1960s. Competition from overseas producers was starting to affect rural industries and the removal of the large range of tariff protection, especially rural products, required not only a shift of farm management but a more efficient cost savings modus operandi.This is a semi hard cover (cloth over cardboard on inside, plastic over cardboard on outside), camel coloured outside and tartan cloth covered pattern inside the typewriter case. the case can be opened up by "unzipping" the top from the bottom halves of the case. For carrying purposes the case has two plastic covering metal handles with brass fittings. There are two stitched on brown reinforcement straps encompassing both sides of the case. The two reinforcing straps are brown in colour and a securing strap with a press button at one end to allow an extra securing tongue to keep the cover secure. The top inside of the case has a three quarters long paper compartment (flap style). See KVHS 0455 for Olivetti Lettera typewriter.commercial, protective carry bags/cases for mobile office equipment, mechanical typewriter