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Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Bottle - Castor Oil, Circa 1920's to 1900's
This bottle of castor oil was used during the mid to late 1900's when there was a Hospital in the Kiewa Valley, but regarded as only for serious injuries and near death situation. For this reason many households had a "first aid" box full of items such as this bottle of castor oil. Home based remedies for non life threatening injuries and illnesses were a part of life in a semi remote rural region. True and trusted family "health" remedies were passed from generation to generation.This Castor Oil bottle is very significant to the Kiewa Valley as it demonstrates the self reliance of the early farming and grazing pioneer families. Knowledge of "first aid" was uppermost to the survival of families before the late 1900's. Naturopathic remedies such as connected with the castor oil contained in this bottle, although may not be sanctioned by medical research, does not take into account of the positive "self healing" of the human mind (if you think it is doing you good it creates a positive action). Such preservation techniques were handed down through the generations.Medical Reference material was limited to books available and read and not not from "the internet" in the latter part of the 1900's. The availability of General Practitioners increased because of the boost in the population growth (SEC Vic Hydro Electricity Scheme) in the Kiewa Valley from 1940's onward. This small indigo coloured glass bottle has a narrow neck and a screw on lid.It has an embossed manufacturer's name and contents (Castor Oil) on one side and identification marks embossed on the underside base.medicine bottles, home first aid remedies, indigo glass medicine bottles -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Victoria C.W.A. / For Country and City Women
Historical: This book covers all aspects of the C.W.A. including its history. The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country .Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced, would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Small 17 page book with white cardboard cover and green writing. Pages are held together with 2 staples. Cover: "The Country Women's Association / of Victoria Inc. / For Country and City Women / Victoria (with logo underneath) Address and contact details beneathcountry women's association of victoria. c.w.a.. tawonga. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, The Official Annual of The Country Women's Association of Victoria, 1971
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. was formed on the 7th Feb. 1946. They had 45 members by the end of the year. A scrap book (KVHS 0750) exists with a list of names of members for each year up to 1988 and articles from the newspaper. The Tawonga branch often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve the health, welfare and education for women and children in the country.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Small green cardboard covered book with yellow border and logo (in middle) and with black printing. It has 48 pages.Cover: "The Official Annual of the Country Women's Association of Victoria." Also their Motto and "Forty Third Annual Report / and Balance Sheet / for the Year ending 31st December 1970 / Published 1971 Handwritten on cover: "Tawonga 15 cents each" Inside on cover sheet: handwritten: "30 c to pay to Mrs Courtney"country women's association of victoria. c.w.a.. tawonga. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Scrapbook - C.W.A. Tawonga, C.W.A. Scrapbook Collected by C.Roper, 1945 to 1988
The Tawonga C.W.A. formed on 7th Feb. 1946. It was a very active group with 45 members in that year. Numbers fluctuated throughout the years and totalled 26 members in 1988. The Tawonga C.W.A. often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. The book gives examples of all the activities the members were involved in over the years and their involvement with other C.W.A. groups in North East Victoria and Victoria. There are many photos of members and their activities too. These photos give a good representation of what womens fashions were during the mid part of the 20 century. Historical: Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children. This scrap book was complied by Claire Roper one of the founding members of the CWA. It traces the history of the Tawonga branch of the CWA, its members and what they did which improved the living conditions for their community. Large scrap book held together by 3 large staples originally with blank pages. The pages have been written on and newspaper articles have been pasted in. The book was covered with light brown paper, the heading has been handwritten using block letters coloured in green with black outline. Centre front of the book has a photo of ladies dated 1978. Their names are typed in underneath. The book has then been covered by clear plastic.The title: "C.W.A. / Tawonga / Scrap Book / Collected by C. Ropercountry women's association of victoria. tawonga. clare roper. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Myart Knit & Crochet
This book was used by members of the Tawonga C.W.A.. The group exhibited their handicrafts and made items for charity. The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Small coloured 16 page book with a cover showing 4 squares of knitted and crocheted items. At the top the book has a light green background with white writing and some black writing. The back cover is similar with 4 different items. The book is bound with 2 staples. The book has patterns with instructions for knitted & crocheted items.Cover: 'Myart / Knit & Crochet' - on left. 'Handcraft / Nylon Yarn' - on right. 'Teijin 40c / Book 14' - top right in blackcountry women's association of victoria. tawonga. handcrafts. knitting. crocheting. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Country Crafts - CWA, 1950
This book is a periodical that the Tawonga C.W.A. group received each year with news, hints, ideas etc. of all CWA groups in Victoria. The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Hard covered bound green book with 345 slightly yellowing pages. 1949 periodical book Vol. XIX No.1 (- 12) 1st January 1949 - (December) reporting on activities of C.W.A. clubs in Victoria. It is set out month by month but isn't indexed. Subscription: 4/- per annum; 5/- per year, posted; 4d. per Copy, 5 and a half pence postedCover: "Country Crafts with CWA logo."country women's association of victoria. country crafts. tawonga. c.w.a. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Photo Album - Country Women's Association of Victoria, 1990's
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. The Tawonga ladies competed in Handicraft and Home Industries Exhibitions during the 1990's and were very successful. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Small photo album with Country Women's Association Prize Cards for handicraft and Home Industries Exhibition enclosed. Each Prize Card is filled out with (Third) Prize; Name; No.; Section; Branch - all Tawonga; and points. Some of the cards have been won from other CWA groups displays e.g.. Yackandandah. The album has several blank pages left over. The cover is a picture of a boat on a lake with red flowers in the foreground.country women's association of victoria. tawonga. handicraft. home industries. exhibition. kiewa valley group.c.w.a. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Warworkers Woolcraft - Compiled by the CWA of Victoria, c1940's
Tawonga CWA branch commenced on 7th Feb. 1946. Prior to this the ladies would have been involved in supporting the war effort with knitted and spun items as described in this book. The branch often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Getting together for the war effort would have succeeded in this aim perhaps encouraging the women to continue meeting under the banner of C.W.A.The Tawonga ladies would have been involved in assisting the war effort from home. Most of the ladies lived on remote farms so they may have got together, learnt together and felt happier while contributing to the war effort and supporting the men fighting overseas. Wool was available and easily made into useful items that could be shipped overseas. After the war, the ladies may have wanted to continue meeting and hence decided to form a C.W.A. branch.Small brown book with black writing. 32 pages held by 2 rusty staples.The book gives patterns and instructions for making woolcraft (knitting & spinning) eg. socks & scarves, for the Airforce, Navy and Army with specific colours, thickness of wool and notes eg. no frills. Price 3d. posted 4d. Sponsored by the Australian Wool BoardCover: Warworkers Woolcraft / Compiled by the CWA / Knitting Spinning / Sponsored by the Australian Wool Boardww11. warworkers. tawonga. country women's association of victoria. woolcraft. australian wool board. c.w.a. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Craft, Dressmaking Made Easy, 1958
Tawonga C.W.A. was involved in dressmaking and other home industries.The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. This was achieved by getting together and exchanging ideas on dressmaking while providing for their families and the local community, possibly selling their products at fetes.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Small white and grey book with picture of tape measure and cotton reel on the cover. It has 15 pages including the cover which is printed on too. It has general instructions for sewing. Held by 2 staplesCover: Woman's Realm presents / Dressmaking / made easy / Simple instructions and / step-by-step diagrams for / making your own clothes tawonga. country woman's association of victoria. dressmaking. woman's realm. c.w.a. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Handbook of Country Crafts, 1973
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. The members achieved these aims by being involved in handcrafts of all kinds.Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.The book has a cover with Autumn colours of flowers in a vase with the title in block letters of pale yellow. It has 47 pages bound by 2 staples. The crafts involve the use of plants in creating decorations.tawonga. country woman's association of australia. crafts. plant crafts.c.w.a. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Book - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Glove-Making at Home by Frances Staite, 1927
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Doing craft helped the women achieve these aims as they would get together and learn from each other. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Hard covered book with a yellow and black sleeve. The sleeve has a picture of a lady sitting on a lounge chair under a lamp admiring her glove. Inserted in the book is a page with further instructions on glove making. The book is bound and has 90 pages. The first and last 3 pages consist of advertising.Cover page "Country Womens' Association / of Victoria" stamp with purple ink Title: Clove-Making / At Home / by Frances Staite / Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd 5/- net.tawonga. cwa. gloves. craft. country women's association of victoria -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Plaque - Country Women's Association of Victoria, Tawonga Branch of the C.W.A, 1960's
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. The Roper family were very involved for many years in the activities of the branch. Clare Roper collected and documented the history of the Tawonga C.W.A. and the Kiewa Valley C.W.A.. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having had an effect of available workers and the well being of the women and children.Black wooden plaque sloped to a narrow gold coloured border surrounding a black surface with a gold badge shaped plaque. The plaque has writing etched into it and painted white.Tawonga Branch C.W.A. / honours its Members / Kiewa Valley / Group Presidents / Annie V. Roper 1958 - 60 / (Mrs Bert) / Clara J. Roper 1964 - 66 / (Mrs Jack)tawonga. country woman's association of victoria. clara roper. annie roper. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Badge - Country Women's Association of Victoria. x3
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Round green and white badge with the CWA logo in the centre of a green triangular shield. The logo is in gold. Around the triangular shape it is white with Victoria in gold at the top and 2 slim leaves on each side of the other sides. The badge has a green border. The back is gold and two of them have a pin attached. The third has a ring attached at the top. On the back each one has a different inscription and all are hard to read. Each badge is very slightly different in texture and depth of colour perhaps indicating that they were made at different times."Victoria / CWA" On the back - 1. Inscribed in oval shape 'Morgan Swann' but upside down to each other. 2. Inscribed - 'Stoker' 3. Inscribed - 'Stokes' or 'Stones'tawonga. country woman's association of victoria. badge. cwa logo. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Badge - Country Women's Association of Victoria
The Tawonga branch of the C.W.A. commenced on the 7th Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with the other branches in the Kiewa Valley. The C.W.A. aimed to improve health, welfare and education for women and children in the country. Women living in Tawonga were mostly on farms and, in 1946, when the branch commenced would have been feeling more remote with WW11 having an effect on available workers and the well being of the women and children.Slim rectangular shaped gold badge with a 'v' shape at each end. Its border is wavy. The writing is in green capital letters. At the top in the middle there is a 2 link chain. On the back is a pin.Branch Secretarytawonga. country woman's association of victoria. cwa. badge. branch secretary. -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Folder - Municipal Association of Victoria: Department of Health
The papers have a 'Description of Works or Service' and give information on grants or subsidies available under the headings 'Capital' or 'Maintenance'. this covers all areas of the Municipality.Alex McCullough was on many committees in Mt Beauty including a councillor and mayor of the Bright/Alpine Shire Cardboard light brown 'Super cobra' Folder with 22 browned pages held by spring and screw metal fastener.On the front of the cover is an oval shaped label "Mt Beauty and District Progress Association".department of health, municipal association of victoria -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Letter - Medical Society - 9th July 1962
Ron White's Collection. The Kiewa Hydro Scheme included a Board of Management for the Kiewa Works Medical Society whose constitution required an amalgamation with a larger Society or be deregistered by the Commonwealth Health Department.Historically significant as the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme had been completed and Mt Beauty had been handed over to the Shire.Green A4 paper dated 2nd July 1962 re Kiewa Works Medical Society amalgamating with Latrobe Valley Health Service.ron white, kiewa works medical society -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Papers - Certificates - Edward Maddison
The Australian Health Society was formed in Melbourne in 1875 at the instigation of Unitarian Minister MarthaTurner. It promoted hygiene and comprised of doctors, prominent citizens and politicians. It targeted poorer districts and women. Schools were pressured to place health education on the curriculum. Society stalwarts made an annual examination in state schools. Mongan's Bridge No. 3403 opened in 1902. It was located beside the Kiewa river and operated part-time with nearby schools on occasions as well as full time. As numbers fluctuated it was also closed on occasions and then re-opened.Edward Maddison's family were farmers in the Kiewa Valley and the children attended the local school.Two certificates belonging to Edward Maddison 1. 1916 Pupil of State School No 3403 (Mongan's Bridge) - passed the Examination in Health and Temperance held by the Australian Health Society of Melbourne 2. 1916 Completed satisfactorily the Course of Study prescribed for Elementary Schools.- Mongan's Bridge Elementary School No. 3403edward maddison, australian health society, mongan's bridge school -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Red Cross Pledge
The Red Cross is a voluntary organisation that aids people in difficulty. The Pledge reads "Red Cross Pledge / We pledge ourselves as / members of Red Cross to work for / the improvement of health, the pre- / vention of disease and the mitigation / of suffering.The Red Cross is an active organisation in the Kiewa Valley.Wooden frame with plastic cover over a printed Red Cross Pledge. The print is black.There is a string at the back for hanging.red cross pledge -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Booklet - Pre-natal, Pre-Natal Booklet - A Practical Guide for every Expectant Mother by Department of Health Victoria
The Maternal, Infant, and Pre-school Welfare division of the Victorian Health Department published this booklet to assist expectant mothers with information regarding their confinement.Pre-natal information was important for expectant mothers especially those living in isolation eg. the farming community in the Kiewa Valley.Cream coloured booklet with 65 pages held by 2 staples. It has 10 chapters on pre-natal and 4 chapters on post natal. It is very comprehensive with a few black & white illustrations. There is an 'Obstetric Table' on page 5 "To calculate the date of confinement." It was produced by the Maternal, Infant, and Pre-School Welfare Division. prenatal, victorian health department -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Ron White's Collection - 1920 - 2019
The State Electricity Commission of Victoria constructed the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme.See KVHS 1282Ron White was the Principal Hydro Engineer 1966 - 1985 on the Kiewa Hydro Electric Scheme. See KVHS 12821. Booklet "Rules of the Kiewa Hydro Co-operative Distribution Society Limited" and Ron's 'Share Certificate' dated 12th /4/1957 2. Book "Inside Information" explaining the ins and outs of a car for the motorist. 3. Black and White negatives 4. Ron's La Trobe Valley Health Services Membership card x2 5. State Savings Bank of Victoria Kiewa Operations social club 1962 x2 6. The Association of Professional Engineers, Victorian Branch receipts 1956 7. Upper Kiewa Valley Uniting Church list of members 1969-1970 & Financial Statement for 1970 8. 4 Bogong Village coloured postcards 9. Folded Plan of 'Kiewa Area Planimetric Map' 10. Large Photos sent to Ron by "Bill Greenaway / Y.T.S. Lab./ 11-5-66" 1) Football Team x2, 2) Mt Beauty Switchyard, 3) McKay Power Station, 4) Clover Power Stationron white -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Roll of Charts - First Aid and Anatomy
An educational tool for the study of the human body. Prior to digital pictures - wall charts were used.Used as a teaching aid in the Kiewa Valley before digitisation15 sheets held together by red very thick cardboard with string for hanging attached. For educating people on the human body by displaying on the wall.first aid, education, anatomy, wall charts, health -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Framed Map - CWA- Tawonga
CWA of Victoria was a popular widely known organisation throughout Australia. The CWA aimed to improve health welfare, and education for women and children living in the country.Each town / area in the Kiewa Valley had an active CWA. The Tawonga branch commenced in Feb. 1946 and often combined activities with other branches of the Kiewa Valley.Country Women's Association of Victoria Group Map, June 1961. each area is colored ad each wit a letter of the alphabet. each group has a number and is listed. eg. blue, 'N' and "Tawonga 14' country women's association, map of cwa groups, tawonga cwa -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Photograph Tournapull, Tournapull C Scraper/Single Bucket, circa 1950
The machinery in this photo shows a Tournapull C earth moving machine, one of many during this period Circa 1950 - 1960s when hydro electricity powered turbines were being constructed in both the Victoria and New South Wales Alps. This was Australia's answer to a non polluting supply of electricity for a fast growing city population. It was at this time that air pollution from coal powered furnaces was becoming more and more under attack by health authorities.This item is part of a visual account of the construction of dams and hydro electricity facilities during the early 1950s. It was the beginning of the environmental push not to allow the degrading of Australian Alpine regions. Air pollution of the major cities and the increase in power demands of both industries and population within them required an alternative pollution free alternative electricity supply. These for runners of Hydro electricity generators required both large supplies of machinery and human resources. This construction phase within the region brought not only tradesmen but also unskilled workers to an area which had mainly had farming and mining activities. It was the catalyst for the creation of the smaller towns/villages e.g. Bogong Village, Mount Beauty and Bright.Black and white photograph on Kodak Xtralite II paper.(gloss)paper marking on back Kodak Xtralite II papermining, hydro electricity, victorian alps, construction camps, earth moving machines, secv -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Photograph Junction Dam, Photo Junction Dam and Bogong Village in Background, circa 1950s
This item clearly shows the conditions covering both working conditions and housing in the construction of the Junction Dam in the 1940s. Working conditions were extreme and health and safety legislation was at its infancy. The residential buildings were intended to last only for the period of construction, however greater demand for longevity as a tourist haven prevailedThis photo of the construction of the Junction Dam, with The Bogong village as backdrop, details the harsh conditions faced by construction workers, building dams and villages to accommodate workers in the 1940s to the 1950s. Australia at this period in time, experienced a surge of population (influx of World War II refugees), which was the catalyst for developing and undergoing an enormous hydroelectricity program for the Alpine regions, both in Victoria and New South Wales. This program was initiated to supply electricity to the major southern Australian cities of Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney. It was thought that these developments would reduce, if not eliminate, the requirement for coal driven power stations. However time has demonstrated that these power stations have not matched the demand required by the industries and the populations of the major urban and cities.Black and white photo of original photo with a flashlight reflection in the bottom centre. The photo is on Kodak XtraLife II paper. The paper is semi gloss.This photo is of the construction of the Junction Dam Wall with the Bogong Townshiip in the background.Back of photo is printed " Kodak XtraLite II paperdam construction, bogong village, alpine development, junction dam -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Photograph Shovel Truck, Shovel Loading Rail Truck, circa 1950s
This item shows the excavation of the side of a railway track using a pneumatic shovel and a rail mounted truck by two workmen. The period covered was well before State Health and Safety requirements, such as helmets, became law. It also details that the workmen were from European heritage as their head coverings were a handkerchief knotted at each corner. This was typical for workmen of this heritage, others used caps or hats or no head covering at all (the macho male look)The photograph of this item was one of many depicting great achievements and opening up the region. A visual link or time capsule of the 1950s rural/mining sectors clashing with the established rural industriesThis photo depicts the time (1950's) and place (Bogong and Mount Beauty) where construction workers had an immense impact, not only on the physical environment but also on the social and economic development of the Victorian Alps region. The fast expansion of smaller settlements brought about increased pressures on the welfare viability of certain subgroups within the region e.g. farming, droving and commerce (caravan hawkers versus static shops). These changes brought about a heightened awareness by both local and State Governments to upgrade not only facilities within the region but also access to the region. Black and white photo of two workmen on a rail mounted shovel truck. The photo is of good definition allowing a clear view of the subject matter. The paper is semi gloss.On the back of the photo, paper suppliers etchings are "Kodak XtraLife II paper"mining, hydro electricity, victorian alps, construction camps, earth moving machines -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Drill Auger, Circa early 1900s
This item wasused before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength. This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) within the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools was and still is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron, hand operated Auger has a short barrel shaped cylinder at one end (known as the "Eye") and at the other end a Helical screw blade (screws the cutting edge into wooden material, thereby creating a hole 3/4 inch diameter in the wood) . The barrel section at the top permits a metal or wooden leverage plank to be inserted. The main rod has a 180mm long cutting/screw blade running from the bottom up towards the "eye" end. From the end of the screw blade to the handle is 380mm and cylindrical, but this changes at 550mm from the "eye" end to a 14mm x 10mm rectangular shape shaft.This shaft end is welded to the "Eye".On the shaft below the "eye" is stamped " MATHESON GLASGOW" on the front side and a spade (cards) symbol on the back.auger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Drill Auger, Circa early 1900's
This item was before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength.This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) of the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron hand operated drill, has a short barrel-shaped cylinder, known as "the eye" welded across the main rod and is 30mm in circumference. It also has a hole drilled to allow a screw to be fastened onto the hand stock ( not available).The main rod is solid for 400mm and then has been flattened and coiled (Helical screw blade) for another 200mm. At the end of the larger screw blade there is a smaller gauged starter blade with a pointer thread 15mm long. This Auger produces a 1/8th inch hole (metric measurement not used at time of manufacture) See KVHS 0469 for 3/4 inch hole and KVHS 0471 for another 1/8th inch hole.A number 5 stamped on the flat sideauger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Drill Auger, Circa early 1900's
This item was before diesel, electric and battery drilling apparatus were used by farmers, and other trades requiring a portable yet reliable method of drilling holes. As this item is a 3/4 inch hole drill it would be suitable for fencing and providing holes for structural studs. As with all outdoor farm equipment, man power was required (be it the farmer or farm hands). Fitness of the operator was at a high standard but protective gloves were not highly thought of as it was before occupational, health and safety regulations became mandatory over all manual handling activities, be they on rural properties or town/city factories. This period was one where the male ego was at its pinnacle i.e. the harder the tasks the more of a man was required. Hard manual work was not only the "way to go" but also a necessity. Evolution of cheap portable electric/battery powered tools opened up a more efficient method available, especially to those with less muscle strength.This item personifies the rugged environment of the rural workplace. The Kiewa Valley with its main emphasis on farming and grazing provided ample opportunity to use this construction implement. The manufacturer being a Scottish tool company is very significant in the era when this hole maker was in high demand. British steel products were of high grade and had a good record of reliability. The reliability of any tool was a solid factor for farmers and tradesmen in this semi-isolated region (Circa early 1900s) of the Kiewa Valley and its regional area. This factor,although not as crucial, post 1960s, when Asian manufacturers entered the market place and produced cheaper tools and transportation and supplies was more frequent and reliable, the need for the more expensive British made tools diminished considerably. After the influx of tradesmen from war torn Europe (post 1945) and the increased availability of tradesmen in the Kiewa Valley and its region the price of tools is not as crucial and the cost of all required tools has become a minimal part of the equation. It is only with the emerging younger trades person, farmer and grazier, who have more, "one eye on production costs" and no "old ties to the motherland" inert mind set that quality tools such as this auger and other hand tools "must be made to last a life time" is no longer part of the modern work environment.This cast iron hand operated drill, has a short barrel-shaped cylinder, known as "the eye" welded across the main rod and is 30mm in circumference. It also has a hole drilled to allow a screw to be fastened onto the hand stock ( not available).The main rod is solid for 400mm and then has been flattened and coiled (Helical screw blade) for another 200mm. At the end of the larger screw blade there is a smaller gauged starter blade with a pointer thread 15mm long. This Auger produces a 1/8th inch hole (metric measurement not used at time of manufacture) See KVHS 0469 for 3/4 inch hole and KVHS 0470 for another 1/8th inch hole.auger, hand drill, fencing, tool, rural trades, brace & bit -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Pipe Tobacco Smoking, Mid to late 1900s
Pipe smoking has been in vogue for centuries, and in Australia it was a symbol of the "discerning smoker" such as the landed gentry or men of professional status. This pipe, of the cherrywood style, would have suited the young professional of the mid and late 1900s. It is the type of pipe well suited to the rural backdrop. In the late 1900s, with the health related restrictions placed on public smoking these tobacco pipes were not immune from the legislation, and even though the pipe smoke was not as offensive as cigarette smoke it still came under the umbrella of smoking. Pipes were also used in the process of inhaling illicit drugs i.e. marijuana, but this use was limited to a very few. Smoking in the second millennium is being phased out as a social habit in Australia but may affect the few "private" smoker and has, as the United States prohibition era (alcoholic drinks) did, spawn an illicit trade in cheap contraband tobacco.This type of pipe lends itself well to the rural setting of the Kiewa Valley and although it is a bit bulky in shape its wooden barrel blends into the environment. The Kiewa Valley region was up until the late 1900s part of the Australian Tobacco Industry and the levels of men smoking pipes was enhanced by the readily supply of, "off the fields", tobacco leaves.This pipe has a bent stem and its style is cherrywood. The pipe has a permanent filter and a narrow tin band. The bowl is well pronounced (curved both top and bottom). The stem screws into the bowl , mid way up the bowl (similar to KVHS 0424 and KVHS.0425) and the stem is also made from bakelite (dark brown in colour). tobacco, pipe smoking, smoking accessories -
Kiewa Valley Historical Society
Pipe Tobacco Smoking, mid to late 1990s
Pipe smoking has been in vogue for centuries, and in Australia it was a symbol of the "discerning smoker" such as the landed gentry or men of professional status. This pipe, of the cherrywood style, would have suited the young professional of the mid and late 1900s. It is the type of pipe well suited to the rural backdrop. In the late 1900s, with the health related restrictions placed on public smoking, these tobacco pipes were not immune from the legislation, and even though the pipe smoke was not as offensive as cigarette smoke it still came under the umbrella of smoking. Pipes were also used in the process of inhaling illicit drugs i.e. marijuana, but this use was limited to a very few. Smoking in the second millennium is being phased out as a social habit in Australia but may affect the few "private" smoker and has, as the United States prohibition era (alcoholic drinks) did, spawn an illicit trade in cheap contraband tobacco.This type of pipe lends itself well to the rural setting of the Kiewa Valley and although it is a bit more bulky in shape its wooden barrel blends into the environment. The Kiewa Valley region was up until the late 1900s part of the Australian Tobacco Industry and the levels of men smoking pipes was enhanced by the readily supply from "off the fields", of tobacco leaves.This pipe has a bent stem and its style is cherrywood. The pipe has a permanent filter and a narrow tin band. The bowl is well pronounced (curved both top and bottom). The stem screws into the bowl , mid way up the bowl (similar to KVHS 0423 and KVHS.0425 and the stem is also made from bakelite (dark brown in colour). This stem is the same length as KVHS 0425 but the bit (mouth piece) has a gentler curve.tobacco, pipe smoking, smoking accessories