This Great Britain one shilling coin is dated 1897, which is during the reign of Queen Victoria. There were over 6 million of these coins minted. Queen Victoria succeeded King William IV to the British Throne in 1837 – she was only 18 years old at the time – and she ruled until 1901. British coins such as this one shilling were in circulation in the colony of Australia until 1910, when the Commonwealth of Australia began producing its own coinage. This one shilling coin was minted by the Royal Mint at Royal Mint Court, in Little Tower Hill, London, England. Coins for circulation in the Kingdom of England, Great Britain and most of the British Empire were produced here until the 1960’s when the Royal Mint shifted location to Wales. There are three main groups of shillings produced during Queen Victoria’s reign:- - The Young Head; 1837-1887, in 8 different versions, on the obverse showing the Queen’s maturing face over 50 years. - The Junior Head; 1887-1892, minted when Queen Victoria had been reigning for 50 years. Her head was smaller on the coins minted 1887-1889 than on those shillings minted 1889-1892. - The Old Head; 1893-1901, shows the veiled head of Queen Victoria. The obverse side of the coin was designed by Thomas Brock. The inscription’s translation is “Victoria by the Grace of God, Queen of the British territories, Defender of the Faith, Empress of India”. The reverse side of the coin was designed by Edward Paynter. The inscription "HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE" translates as "Evil be to him who evil thinks". AUSTRALIAN CURRENCY The early settlers of Australia brought their own currency with them so a wide variety of coins, tokens and even ‘promissory’ notes (often called IOU’s) were used in the exchange of goods and services. In 1813 Spanish dollars were imported and converted for use by punching a hole in the centre of the coin. Both the outer ring, called the holey dollar, and the punched out ‘hole’, called the dump, were then counter-stamped and used as the official currency. In 1825 the British Government passed the Sterling Silver Currency Act, making the British Pound the only legal form of currency in the Australian colonies. Not enough British currency was imported into the colony so other forms of currency were still used. In the mid 1800’s Australia entered the Gold Rush period when many made their fortunes. Gold was used for trading, often shaped into ingots, stamped with their weight and purity, and one pound tokens. In 1852 the Adelaide Assay Office, without British approval, made Australia’s first gold coin to meet the need for currency in South Australia after the Gold Rush began. In 1855 the official Australian Mint opened in Sydney, operating as a branch of the Royal Mint in London, and the gold was turned into coins called ‘sovereigns’. Other branches also opened in Melbourne and Perth. Up to the time of Australia becoming a federation in 1901 its currency included British copper and silver coins, Australian gold sovereigns, locally minted copper trade tokens, private banknotes, New South Wales and Queensland government treasury notes and Queensland government banknotes. After Federation the Australian government began to overwrite privately issued notes and prepared for the introduction of its own currency. In 1910 a National Australian Currency was formed, based on the British currency of ‘pounds, shillings and pence’ and the first Commonwealth coining was produced, removing the power from the States. In 1966, on February 14th, Australia changed over to the decimal currency system of dollars and cents. Australia did not have its own currency in the colonial times. Settlers brought money from other countries and they also traded goods such as grain when currency was scarce. For a long time there was no standardised value for the different currencies. In 1825 British currency became the only official currency in the colony of Australia and coins such as this silver shilling were imported into Australia to replace the mixture of foreign currency. Australia became a Federated nation on 1st January 1901. In 1910 National Australian Currency was formed and Australia produced its own currency, based on the British ‘pounds, shillings and pence’. The British currency was no longer valid. This silver shilling is of national significance as it represents the British currency used in Australia from 1825-1910. This silver shilling is also of significance to Australia as part one of the British Colonies ruled by Queen Victoria. It is part of the special silver and gold coins minted 1887-1893 to celebrate the 50 years Jubilee of Queen Victoria’s reign 1837-1887. Coin, Great Britain Shilling, 1897. Silver coin, round. Obverse; Queen Victoria head, ‘Old Head’, looking left. Reverse; 3 shields (each crowned) - 3 passant lions (England), 1 rampant lion (Scotland), golden harp (Northern Ireland) - floral symbols between them – 1 open rose, 2 thistles. Inscriptions on both sides of coin.Obverse “VICTORIA . DEI . GRA . BRITT . REGINA . FID . DEF . IND . IMP” Reverse “ONE SHILLING, 1897, Inner band, some letters hidden - HONI SO VI Y PENSE” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, coin, currency, money, legal tender, australian currency history, royal mint, british shilling 1897, thomas brock, edward paynter, great britain shilling, queen victoria currency, queen victoria 50 years golden jubilee shilling, colonial australia currency, numismatics

Paper card with a picture of a house with a thatched roof. There is a stone wall and two trees that are beginning to blossom. There are four children two boys and two girls. One girl has no footwear. One boy is holding a goat. There are two goats a large pig and chicken in the picture. The words" An Irish Cabin" appears on the lower left side and a Orange ribbon has been attatched to the lower right side."Dear Bess I suppose you think I an never going to answer your pursuit but I thought I would do so while here in Belfast cause I know you have a lot of time for the Micks. How would you like a little home like this one no cows to milk only goats no horses to drive only donkies & it looks as though the girls have no boots to clean by this card but there is some first class sig hias this one has taken a purge he must be an Ulsty show. Love from Donald

Newspaper cutting with the headline 'Cohn Bros. float sees 9%'. In blue ink across the top is written 'from Roy Ireland? 17-9-73. Herald 1957 1958?'. The article includes a photo of Mr F. M. W. Levy (Chairman and director of Cohns, and a director of Carlton & United Breweries). The article is about the floating of Cohn Bros. as a public company. Soft drink manufacturers.bendigo, industry, cohn bros., cohn bros. limited. cohns limited. carlton & united breweries. levy, frank m. w.

Photograph: group of seven young men seated or standing dressed in suits waitcoats , ties and hats. Shown in background a bicycle, beer bottles and 2 outbuildings. One decorated with scotch thistle, Irish shamrock, english rose and a flag of unknown origins. Photo under glass, mounted on grey card and framed with a very ornate wood and plaster moulded frame cream in colour with some gilding.W.H. Grose, Photographerperson, group, male group

19 Bandsmen Pictured: Back Row: Waggy Wilson, Bill Thompson, Mr Rackstraw, Harry McDougall, Bill McDougall, Jock Munro, Sam Laurensen, Stan McLean Second Row: Geo Sutherland, Mr Leighton, Dave Ireland, Tom Martin Snr, President, Peter Robinson, Bob McBeath Front Row: Neil McBeth, Clarrie Martin, Hughie Bell, Norm Martin

This Holiday accommodation Book is the official guide to accommodation at the principal resorts in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland, on or served by the London Midland and Scottish Railway.Printed in 1947 for London Midland And Scottish Railway.Rectangular shaped Holiday Accommodation Book.Holidays by LMS - 1947book, holiday accommodation book, lms holidays, lara r.s.l.

It is a portrait of a person assumed to be a distant relative of the Evans family. The photo has been handed down through four generations to the donor, Jane Ireland.A framed copy of an oval type photograph of a lady. The frame is made up of a brown stained timber on the outside with a gold surround in the middle and a red velvet inner surround. The head and shoulders portrait shows a lady dressed according to the fashion of the late Victorian era.evans, anne, holden, anne, emu bottom homestead, settlers, george evans collection

William X. O'Brien (ITGWU) and William O'Brien (Home Rule/IPP) were contemporaries in Irish politics early in the 20th century, but should not be confused. Image of a bearded politician known as William O'Brien.ballarat irish, o'brien, william o'brien, home rule

Michael J. Ryan, of Philadelphia who was president of the United Irish League. (http://www.amazon.com/Photo-Michael-President-United-Representative/dp/B00B5MCPO6)Portrait of M.J. Ryanballarat irish, ryan, michael ryan, united irish league

Digitised video (3.20GB) Duration: 63 minutes. Recorded May, 2021 (Video is available for viewing at Ringwood & District Historical Society Archives by appointment)Presenter: Dr Jeff Kildea is an Honorary Professor in Irish Studies at the University of New South Wales. In 2014 he held the Keith Cameron Chair of Australian History at University College Dublin. He is the author of numerous books and articles on the Irish in Australia including Hugh Mahon: Patriot, Pressman, Politician, Anchor Books Australia, Melbourne, 2017 (Vol 1) and 2020 (Vol 2). This talk examines the background to Mahon’s expulsion from parliament and how it led to his being ostracised by his fellow Australians including his neighbours at Ringwood.

"The History of Australasia" by David Blair was one of three important publications of the author. Written in 1879, the book relates the history of both Australia and New Zealand from their discovery through to the establishment of self-government in both colonies. Blair was born in Ireland and after studying for the ministry in Ireland came to Australia in 1850. Instead of a missionary career he took up journalism, became a member of the Legislative Assembly in Victoria and published his books on Australasia.A large thick hard leather covered book -History of Australasia by David Blair and published in 1879. The covers are black with a gold pattern border. The front cover shows an embossed Australian crest in gilt with kangaroo and emu and ' Advance Australia'. It is an illustrated edition with beautifully coloured maps for each Australian colony and New Zealand.book blair-david history-australasia

During the construction of the St Kilda Road building for the Asylum and School for the Blind (later known as the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind), the Melbourne firm of Ferguson and Urie were commissioned to create a stained glass window for the main staircase. This consisted of six panes, with a different emblem in each: three yellow lions (Royal Coat of Arms), a harp with a figurehead (Kingdom of Ireland), a red lion (Wales), a Tudor rose (England), a shamrock (Ireland) and a thistle (Scotland).3 col. images of stained glass window in St Kilda Road buildingferguson and urie, royal victorian institute for the blind

Bendigo Advertiser ''The way we were'' from 2000. Quenchers: Bendigo Brewery, circa 1901. Mr. J. Armstrong was a native of Tyrone, Ireland, and arrived in Sydney in 1837. In 1852 he came to Bendigo and met with success at gold digging. In partnership with Mr. Edward Emmett, he established the first brewery in Bendigo - the Bendigo Brewery, in Myrtle Street near the site of Horwood's Foundry. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

Twenty-one documents dated 1923-24 + Envelope clipped together relating to estate of Edward Valentine Browne deceased of Ireland and his shares 45208/ 45332 in Cohns Bros Brewery. Envelope date stamped 1st August 1921 with two joined 1 penny red Edward V111. Dublin date stamp 13th September 1921 + Galway date stamp 9th Sept 1921.bendigo, industry, cohn bros brewery, edward valentine browne, of claran park headford.

Irish poet and balladeer Thomas Moore, best-known for penning The Minstrel Boy and The Last Rose of Summer, is honored in this statue prominently located in Sturt Street created by sculptor George Grant from white Carrara marble. George Grant was trained at the School of Art associated with the National Gallery of Victoria, apparently in the 1880s, and then worked as an artist, specialist house painter, and banner artist. Several of his paintings are held by the Ballarat Art Gallery. Moore`s writings range from lyric to satire, from prose romance to history and biography. His popular "Irish Melodies" appeared in ten parts between 1807 and 1835. Moore was a good musician and skillful writer of songs, which he set to Irish tunes, mainly of the 18th century. This statue is of historic and aesthetic significance to the people of Ballarat.Marble statue of Thomas Moore above a large sandstone pillar West: Presented to the City Council of Ballaarat by the following citizens: H.F. Elliot, The Honorable E. Morey M.L.C., Cr C.R. Retallick, Cr J. Heinz. South: R.S. Mitchell, P. Papenhagen, T. Elliot, J. Snow, G.K. Coutts, C. Bailey, J.J. Goller & Co, W.E. Ballhausen, G. Thompson, W.H. Figgis. North: S. Seward, F.G. Haymes, Craig Williamson, R. Giddings, G. Berry, R. Inge, J.A. Pittard, L. Lederman, H. Bremer, D. Jones. thomas moore

This coat was part of the 1972 - 1977 uniform designed by Irish-born Melbourne based Noeleen King. It was worn with the orange dress and orange hat made by Nyvek Headwear. Typical colour and design from the 1970s, this uniform demonstrates the collaboration with fashionable Melbourne-based designer Noeleen King.Long black coat with large gold buttons and orange stripe on sleeves.noeleen king, stewardess, hostess, flight attendant

The Ballarat Hibernian Benefit was established by a group of Irish immigrants in 1868. It later amalgamated with the Australian Catholic Benefit Society to become the Hibernian Australian Catholic Benefit Society.Bendigo Advertiser ''The way we were'' from 2003. Caring souls: the Hibernian Australian Catholic Benefit Society, circa 1920. The clip is in a folder.newspaper, bendigo advertiser, the way we were

This letter has been written from France in 1917 by Private Edwin Johnson Carter to his friend Mrs Maggie Craig. It gives details of events in his life at the time – in the trenches in World War One. Private Edwin Johnson was a farmer from Nullawarre who enlisted in 1916 and served in France. He was drowned when the mail boat R.M.S. Leinster was torpedoed by a German submarine in the Irish Sea in October 1918. Private Johnson was returning from a visit to Ireland while on leave. This is an original letter from World War One It was written by a soldier from Nullawarre and has a particular poignancy as he writes: “My work brings me in contact with all that hurts in war. I am somewhat calm to it now but if I am spared to return I fear it shall be my nightmare.” He did not return but we have this letter to remind us of the horrors men such as Private Carter endured. This is an envelope containing a letter of two pages sent by a soldier on active service in France in World War One. Both the envelope and the letter are buff-coloured. The envelope has an image of an Australian Military Forces Y.M.C.A. logo, a Post Office stamp and a Censor stamp. The address is handwritten in pencil. The letter has an image of a Y.M.C.A. logo in red and black and the handwritten material is in pencil. Envelope: ‘On Active Service’ ‘Mrs Craig, Craiglea Trafalgar Victoria Australia’ Letter: ‘In the Field, France Dec 27 1917’world war one, private edwin carter, warrnambool history

This posters advertises reasons for the migration of European (or white) people to Australia.Coloured poster on canvas showing the flow of World population around 1920 from Europe to Australia, Canada, the United States of America and South America. The poster appears to be pro the White Australia Policy with statements such as 'Will we draw from the stream of white migration from Britain, Ireland and Europe, or will we wait til the dams holding back the flood tides of the yellow, brown and black races burst, and we are overwhelmed?'migration, population, race, population statistics, migrations statistics, european immigration policy, white australia policy, racism, immigration, poster

Kangaroo Flat Senior Citizens Club was situated at 21 Lockwood Rd on the site that is now the Kangaroo Flat Library. The club disbanded in 2006.Kangaroo Flat Senior Citizen's Club Bus Tour to Bright Souvenir Photos - photo of tour with scene of Bright on the folder cover. Inside folder cover is a photo of the Kangaroo Flat Bus Lines coach and the Buffalo Budget Motel. The photo of the group is taken in the front of the motel in a park and the rear of the folder are autographs of the groups. Produced by Alpine Fast Photos, 1 Ireland St (next to Post Office), Bright Victoria.history, bendigo, merle lummis collection, bright victoria, kangaroo flat bus lines, kangaroo flat senior citizens club

'The Melbourne Chorale', directed by Val J. Pyers and assisted by Rodney Kendall, organ; Richard Ireland, harpsichord; Don Howley, cello; and an ensemble of professional string and brass players, presents a program of Sacred Music by Palestrina, Schutz, Monteverdi, Bruckner and Bax. City Hall Bendigo, Saturday Sept. 19, 8.15 pm. Dallas Brooks Hall, East Melbourne: Saturday, September 26 8.15 pm. The Aldine Press 1970.event, entertainment, music, the melbourne chorale, val j pyers, rodney kendall, richard ireland, don howley, the aldine press

Article on the World War 1 service of Thomas Finnigan and the likelihood that he abandoned his wife and future child in Ireland when he took ship to Australia in 1915.6 p., colour images and mapthomas john finnigan, world war 1 project

This jacket was part of the 1972 - 1977 uniform period. It was designed by Irish-born Noeleen King, based in 45 Flinders Lane, Melbourne. The jacket could be worn with the orange dress.Typical colour and design from the 1970s, this uniform demonstrates the collaboration with fashionable Melbourne-based designer Noeleen King.Orange cropped long sleeves jacket with black neck, black buttons.Noeleen Kingnoeleen king, stewardess, hostess, flight attendant, orange

The letter from Alf Ferris describes a trip he had to Ireland in 1919 after the war, to his Mother in Terrick Terrick Victoria. Ferris collection refer Cat No 4183.3P .1) Envelope rectangular shape blue/grey colour, has 3 P.O green stamps and Passed by censor stamp on, hand addressed in black pen. .2) - .7) Letter “YMCA” logo rectangular shape off white colour 7 pages ruled lines, print in red & black, hand written in black pen and dated..2) letter first page, “Wkyes Regis Camp Weymouth 12th June 1919, Dear Mother”.letters, envelopes, ymca