Before factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This machine dates back to the days when your local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Pill machines such as these first appeared in the mid-1700s and quickly became a staple of the Victorian chemist’s shop. A ‘pill mass’ of medicinal powders mixed with a binding agent would be hand-rolled into a pipe on the tile at the back of the machine. This would then be placed across the grooved brass plate and cut into equal-sized pills using the corresponding side of the roller. Once all the necessary ingredients for the pills had been measured and ground with a pestle and mortar a final ingredient was poured in, syrup – this acted as a binding-agent. You could then roll it into a sausage shape. The largest part of the machine is the board. This is set at an angle and is comprised of the rolling surface, the cutting grooves, and the collection-tray. The large flat surface is for rolling out the pill-paste into the sausage shape. This is then rolled towards the brass cutting-grooves. The paddle (the second piece) is flipped over so that the grooves there line up with the grooves on the board. Rollers on the ends of the paddle roll against the brass edges of the board, and they guide the paddle straight across the grooves, taking the pill-mass with it. The grooves on the paddle and the board slice up the pill-mass and, after rolling the thing back and forth a couple of times like a rolling-pin, the circular pills roll off the grooves and into the tray at the bottom. https://galwaycitymuseum.ie/blog/collections-spotlight-victorian-pill-making-machine/?locale=en The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century. Pill making device including a grooved base board and grooved sliding board with two pill moulds.None.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, pills, pill maker, medicine, health

Used as tBefore factory production became commonplace in medicine, dispensing was considered an art and pill machines such as these were a vital component of any chemist’s collection. This machine dates back to the days when your local chemist or apothecary bought, sold, and manufactured all his own drugs and medicines to everybody who lived within the local community. In Victorian times, there was no such thing as off-the-shelf medicine. Every tablet, pill, suppository, ointment, potion, lotion, tincture and syrup to treat anything from a sore throat to fever, headaches or constipation, was made laboriously by hand, by the chemist. Pill machines such as these first appeared in the mid-1700s and quickly became a staple of the Victorian chemist’s shop. A ‘pill mass’ of medicinal powders mixed with a binding agent would be hand-rolled into a pipe on the tile at the back of the machine. This would then be placed across the grooved brass plate and cut into equal-sized pills using the corresponding side of the roller. Once all the necessary ingredients for the pills had been measured and ground with a pestle and mortar a final ingredient was poured in, syrup – this acted as a binding-agent. You could then roll it into a sausage shape. The largest part of the machine is the board. This is set at an angle and is comprised of the rolling surface, the cutting grooves, and the collection-tray. The large flat surface is for rolling out the pill-paste into the sausage shape. This is then rolled towards the brass cutting-grooves. The paddle (the second piece) is flipped over so that the grooves there line up with the grooves on the board. Rollers on the ends of the paddle roll against the brass edges of the board, and they guide the paddle straight across the grooves, taking the pill-mass with it. The grooves on the paddle and the board slice up the pill-mass and, after rolling the thing back and forth a couple of times like a rolling-pin, the circular pills roll off the grooves and into the tray at the bottom. https://galwaycitymuseum.ie/blog/collections-spotlight-victorian-pill-making-machine/?locale=enhe companion item to pill-maker base, item 488.2The collection of medical instruments and other equipment in the Port Medical Office is culturally significant, being an historical example of medicine from late 19th to mid-20th century.Pill making device including a grooved base board and grooved sliding board with two pill mouldsNone.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, pill making, pill mould, medicine, health

This photograph is taken outside the Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS) Rosebud Centre which was opened in the mid 1970s. This photograph is a record of Rosebud RDNS staff in the 1980s. The Sisters are wearing their summer uniforms, some with white frocks with a blue pattern and a red belt, others with a white blouse with a red pattern on it and a royal blue skirt. The Health Aides uniform is a royal blue dress with white piping.Gradually over the years, Melbourne District Nursing Service (MDNS), later known as Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), from 1966 when they received Royal patronage, opened Centres throughout the Melbourne Metropolitan area. Their Trained nurses (Sisters) left from these Centres each morning to carry out their nursing visits in a specific area,(district) taking any sterilized equipment needed with them. They returned at the end of the day to write up their patients nursing histories, clean and reset any equipment used ready for sterilization, and contact other medical and community personal as necessary. Most of the RDNS cars were housed at each Centre, only a few being driven home by a Sister. In 1980, a Home Health Aide ‘Pilot study’, funded by the Federal Government, the Brotherhood of St. Laurence and RDNS, with the program written and taught by RDNS Principal Nurse Educator. Pat (Paddy) Rowley was evaluated as successful. Following this Pilot study, Home Health Aides were employed by RDNS, and after instruction in the RDNS Education department, joined RDNS Centres and worked under the supervision of the RDNS Sisters. The Sister assessed each client, then introduced and supervised the Health Aide in the client procedure required. The Sister wrote out clear, concise procedural instructions on a work card which the Health Aid followed each visit. If the Health Aide noticed any change in the client’s condition, this was reported immediately and the Sister visited. The Sister made routine visits to the client for review at least monthly. Black and white photograph showing Royal District Nursing Service (RDNS), staff outside a brick building with a flat roof. A white RDNS car is on the right hand side of the photograph with "RDNS" in capital letters on the door. A tree is in the background. The twenty-five, some partly hidden, RDNS staff are wearing their uniforms. Some are wearing white patterned short sleeve dresses with a dark belt, and others white patterned short sleeve blouses and dark skirts. The letters "RDNS" are displayed in capital letter on the left hand upper pocket of the Sisters. Two Health-aides are present and are wearing dark coloured frocks with white piping. mdns, melbourne district nursing service, rdns, royal district nursing service, rdns centres

Pink and blue patterned sample of fabric, with rough cut edges. Fabric is doubled over and stitched together. A cream paper tag is attached with black printed text and hand written blue text.front: [tag] “GLENMILL” \ TWEED \ Pattern No. 4289 \ Piece No. 3602 \ Width 54 \ Length 52 5/8 \ Strings 2 \ 52 3/8 back: [tag] 80% WOOL / 20 % RAYON / 0 5 2 5/8

Ohlen-Bishop Saws were manufactured in Columbus, Ohio. The company has been master saw makers since 1852 with a factory being established in 1854 at the corner of Spring and Water Streets Columbus. In 1866, this establishment was considerably enlarged and in 1869, it was producing about eight hundred saws of different sizes and patterns, per day. By 1898 the company was employing 75 workers and was finally incorporated in 1884. In 1920 the James Ohlen & Sons purchased the H. Bishop & Co. and the company name was changed to Ohlen-Bishop Company. An early American saw maker with a history that gives a snapshot into a developing company that was regarded as a significant maker of saws for all applications with their products being exported all over the world.Two man Virginia cross cut saw with peg tooth pattern handles attached by means of wing nut.Maker Ohlen-Bishop Saws Columbus Ohio, Blade number 337flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

A hunter uses this tool to throw a spear in front of a fleeing animal, skillfully intercepting it so that it is speared on the run. The size of the groove and spear holder indicate this woomera was made for light weight hunting spears not for warfare. Elders and young warriors carried these with them and each man made his own to suite his strength and body size. They were used when the need and opportunity for fresh meat arose. Woomeras were used by men.This is the only Jaara woomera in the collection and is a significant tool used in the on going search for food. It is a mens tool.This woomera is undecorated. At the broad end there is a small hook like protrusion which holds the spear in place before throwing. The narrow end has a tapered waist with bulb to assist grip and a shallow groove to help guide the spear. The overall shape is an elongated hollowed single piece of timber.There are no inscriptions, the wood is strong with a prominent grain pattern.wood, jaara, tool, woomera, throwing stick, mens business, hunting

No specific information is available for this item. However, ivory was common in early 20th century household items, which were often purchased overseas as souvenirs. Many ivory items originated from Asia. Letter openers are still used today; however, they are now made out of steel as ivory is illegal.This item is an example of the use of ivory in domestic households early in the 20th century. A long, cream-white letter opener made out of ivory with a plain blade and rounded handle.There is decorative patterning on the handle consisting of holes and circles.ivory, letter opener, letters, chiltern athenaeum museum, mail

Two expansion rings attached to metal clip which would be attached in a pocket.Terry's No, 650|Patterned & registered|Made in England.domestic items, writing equipment

This book presents a rich picture of a nation in the making. The negative aspects of Australian immigration are not glossed over and it looks at the terrible consequences for the Aboriginal people, the nineteenth century Chinese experience and the migrant hostel riots of 1952, among its many other topics. Michael Dugan lived locally in Surrey Hills. This book was commissioned by/for: Australian Institute of Multicultural Affairs.The book has a place in this collection by virtue of Michael Dugan having been a local resident.This book presents a rich picture of a nation in the making. The negative aspects of Austaralian immigration are not glossed over and it looks at the terrible consequences for the Aboriginal people, the nineteenth century Chinese experience and the migrant hostel riots of 1952, among its many other topics.Surrey Hills History(mr) michael dugan, (mr) josef szwarc, immigration, social interaction, social life and customs, ethnic communties, multiculturalism, history - australia

This hook is part of a rope machine.Hook from a rope-making machine, with nut and bolt endingflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, hook, rope machine, ropework, rope-making machine

Example of early carpentry toolsWooden clamp operated with two wooden screws; for cabinet making. #cabinetmaker, #carpenter, #clamp, #woodenscrews

imported for the use on horse bridles and other equipment for civilian agriculture and military during 19th and 20th centuriesimported and sold by Holden and Frost55 mm diameter brass ring used in harness makingnilequine, military, agriculture, civillian, circa 1910, horse ring

Cross cut saws have been used for millennia, but they came into wider usage in Europe from the 15th century onwards. The term 'cross cut' refers to the blades on the saw’s cutting edge which come in a variety of different patterns. These saws are specifically designed for cutting across the grain of the wood by timber workers, sawyers, and other land workers for tree felling and cutting up larger pieces of lumber into smaller more manageable pieces. The saws come in variable sizes and lengths and are designed for use by one or two people. With the two-man saws, a method of alternating 'pull and push' to drag the blade back and forth through the timber, increasing efficiency.double ended steel saw with "M" patterned teeth. Handles missing. All rivets in placechurchill island, crosscut, saw, tools, machinery

This hat is part of a Disruptive Pattern Combat Uniform issued by the Australian Airforce to Bernard Farley during service. This uniform type was used in base and field activities and was replaced in 2014 by the General Purpose Uniform as the uniform worn during general base duties and in non-warlike environments.This item has social significance, as an item of uniform worn by Warrnambool RSL community member and Secretary (2019), Bernard Farley during service with the Australian Airforce. The item is a representative example of previously standard issue Airforce uniform and is in excellent condition. As a set, the uniform has aesthetic significance in it’s design, incorporating the Disruptive Pattern style of camouflage which has its roots in the 1980s and continues to be adapted into uniform design by the Defence Force.Disruptive Pattern Combat Uniform hat in five colours of green and brown in camouflage pattern. Broad brim hat with black plastic cord end fastener on a beige/brown cotton cord. A band, sewn at 35mm intervals around the crown of the hat may have been used for attachments. Cotton tag on interior of hat lining with illegible inscriptions. Hat lining at front brow and on crown of head is a towel-like material, presumably for absorbing perspiration.The name “FARLEY” can be faintly seen handwritten on the hat on both the left and right interior.camouflage, uniform, general purpose uniform, airforce, australian defence force, disruptive pattern

These knitting pattern leaflets were published by Patons and Baldwins and contain knitting patterns for women's and men's garments. Patons & Baldwin began as two separate companies: J & J Baldwin and Partners, founded in the late 1770s by James Baldwin of Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, and John Paton Son and Co., founded in 1814 by John Paton of Alloa, Scotland. Both men had formed their businesses using the spinning mule developed by Samuel Crompton. They mainly produced yarns for commercial knitting machines. Patons established itself in Australia with its first mill built in Tasmania in 1923. For decades, Patons was the leading hand knitting yarn brand but due to the market conditions in the mid 1980's, Patons felt the decline and eventually amalgamated with Alliance Textiles, New Zealand in 1996. Patons Australia was acquired by Australian Country Spinners in 2000. Knitting has always had a great appeal to women, as it needs few tools. Companies which manufactured yarn often produced instruction guides and patterns. These pattern books are typical of the knitting pattern books commonly used in the mid 20th century. The patterns contained are for garments commonly worn at that time.Two knitting pattern books. Both are black / white and contain knitting patterns. 821.1 cost 7d, is titled "Patons Specialty Knitting Book No. 145" and has on the front cover a lady standing near a buggy wheel. 821.2 cost 1/3, is titled " Patons Knitting Book No. 394 (introducing Patons Double Quick Knitting)" and has has on the front cover a photograph of a man on a boat.knitting-patterns needlecraft patons-baldwin

Dressmakers used patterns to make clothes. Companies included 'Simplicity, Butterick and Vogue etc. The packet would contain transparent paper shapes with printed lines and instructions. These were pinned onto the material, cut, then sewn together as per the lines and the included instructions.In the 1950s and 1960s women sewed the clothes for the family. In the Kiewa Valley dress shops were not available and a journey to the bigger cities was less frequent than it is today.Coloured pictures showing the finished garment. Patterns were in sizes. eg. size 10 1. Fashion - lady's dress 2. x3 Simplicity - lady's clothes 3. x3 Butterick lady's clothesdressmaker, simplicity butterick, ladies fashion

These inkwells would have been used in a household or business during the first half of the 20th century. By the 1950s fountain pens were in common use and, by the 1960s, ballpoint pens were used, making the use of ink obsolete in most situations. These inkwells have no known local provenance but are of interest as examples of a common household item over 100 years ago. These are two inkwells made of glass with black bakelite tops. One of the tops is broken on the side. The bases of the inkwells have an embedded star-shaped pattern with eight points. ‘Velos product’ household items, inkwells, history of warrnambool

The story of Christopher Gabriel born on April 2, 1746, in Falmouth England is a tale of a poor boy who made good. Shortly before he turned thirteen years of age in 1759 he was apprenticed to a local master carpenter, recorded as a Mr Barnicot the master trained his apprentice well as we can assume by Christopher's later successes. The apprenticeship ended in 1766 after seven years when Christopher reached twenty. Then in 1768, he relocated to London walking the two hundred miles from Falmouth carrying his possessions in a sack. He no sooner arrived in London when he met Alice Trowell who became his wife in March 1769. They set up house on Albermarie Street Clerkenwell and by the first of 1770, Gabriel had begun his business of plane making. It has been speculated that Gabriel took over the shop of John Cogdell aided with an investment from his in-laws of 131 pounds. He went on to prosper as a plane-maker and lumber merchant over the next forty years. His business did well and in 1774 Gabriel moved to a house in Golden Lane, London and 1779 moved again to a home in Ould Street London. By now Gabriel was making a name for himself and his business at this time was located at 32 Banner Street Golden Lane, the following year he purchased another home in Banner Street and 1793 purchased the house next door. At the time of his death in 1808, he owned twenty-seven houses and commercial building. Christopher Gabriel s descendants became quite prominent in England and his grandson, Sir Thomas Gabriel became the Sheriff of London and Middlesex in 1859 and the Lord Mayor of London 1866 and 1867. Gabriel was an extremely prolific plane-maker with a lot of examples made in the 18th century can still be found today. He made good quality tools and was an innovator of several new plane designs. A vintage tool made by a well-known plane-maker, this item was made commercially for firms and individuals that worked in wood and needed a tool that could give a decorative finish to timber. These planes came in various shapes and sizes to achieve a finish to timber surfaces and came in many sizes. A significant Christopher Gabriel plane from the mid to late 18th century that after 200 years can still be used today. Planes made by Gabriel are eagerly sought after by collectors. The tool gives us a snapshot of how furniture and other finishes were created on timber by the use of cutting edged hand tools. Tools that were themselves hand made shows the craftsmanship used during this time not only to make a tool such as the subject item but also the craftsmanship needed to produce a decorative or even finish that was needed for the finishing of timber items. Moulding multi patterned plane has a "5" long bladeStamped Maker C Gabriel (owner JB).flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, side rabbet plane, gabriel m hobling

This shirt is part of a Disruptive Pattern Combat Uniform issued by the Australian Airforce to Bernard Farley during service. This uniform type was used in base and field activities and was replaced in 2014 by the General Purpose Uniform as the uniform worn during general base duties and in non-warlike environments.This item has social significance, as an item of uniform worn by Warrnambool RSL community member and Secretary (2019), Bernard Farley during service with the Australian Airforce. The item is a representative example of previously standard issue Airforce uniform and is in excellent condition. As a set, the uniform has aesthetic significance in it’s design, incorporating the Disruptive Pattern style of camouflage which has its roots in the 1980s and continues to be adapted into uniform design by the Defence Force.Field shirt in disruptive pattern colours of green, khaki and browns. Long sleeve with 6 buttons up the front, two chest pockets with zippered verticle openings along the button seam; two button down pockets on both the left and right shoulder with velcro patches sewn to outside flap for attachment of patches. Above the chest pockets are two patches with embroidered inscriptions in black thread on disruptive pattern backing. Shirt cuffs have adjustable velcro fasteners.Interior label has been removed. Two embroidered patches above the chest pockets read “AIR FORCE” (left of wearer) and “FARLEY” (right of wearer). Oval patch on left shoulder shows a kangaroo silhouette encircled by a black embroidered circle.camouflage, uniform, australian defence force, disruptive pattern, airforce

J & G Meakin was an English pottery manufacturing company founded in 1851 and based in Hanley, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire. In the 19th century, J & G Meakin was known for the vast quantities of cheap ironstone china it produced for the domestic English market and export to Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States and one of these pottery lines was called "EMPRESS" and was in production through the 1930s. From around 1970, designs included Liberty, Sterling, Trend, Classic, and Heirloom. Some of these were influenced by earlier designs. The newer wares can be distinguished by back stamp markings such as 'permanent colours', 'everlasting colour', or 'dishwasher proof'. J & G Meakin had close family and corporate affiliations to the potteries Johnson Brothers, and Alfred Meakin Ltd, which explains why many patterns are similar, if not almost the same. There was a takeover by J. & G. Meakin in 1968 of Midwinter Pottery. The firm was then taken over by the Wedgwood Group in 1970. In 2000 production under the Meakin name ceased and their long-established works, Eagle Pottery, was then used for the production of Johnson Bros pottery. Eagle Pottery closed in 2004 when production was transferred abroad; the works were demolished in 2005.Item is significant as today the "EMPRESS" china pattern from the 1930s by Meakin is today a collectable item and a good example of the Meakin range of china.Plate china white oval with a pattern inscribed along the edge Inscription to base "EMPRESS" warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, alfred meakin, staffordshire potteries, iron stone pottery, serving dish

9 members attended the minister's breakfast celebrating the sesquintennial of the M&HB Railway & Pier, and others joined them at noon to see the "Making Tracks" exhibition. Both exhibition and the book "Welcome & Farewell" were launched at the breakfast, and also plaques for Station Pier, PMR Station & Flinders Street Station. Ref items 1947.01-.13 for presentation material. 1946 for book launched at this event.Set of 24 photos taken at 'Making Tracks' exhibition launch breakfast at Station Pier celebrating 150th anniversay of Pier & railway (12-09-2004). Includes: .01: Launch of "Farewell & Welcome" with Transport Minister Peter Batchelor and Jill Barnard with Sonia Jennings. .02: Jill Barnard presenting the book to PMH&PS Secretary Pat Grainger. .03 & .04: RHSV launch of 'Making Tracks'. .05 & .06: Meyer Eidelson & Pat Grainger at exhibition. .07: Norah Howard & Lois Daley at exhibition. .08: Norah Howard & Pat Grainger. .09-.24: Exhibition details.transport - railways, celebrations fetes and exhibitions, arts and entertainment - literature, barnard, jill, jennings, sonia, norah howard, meyer eidelson, pat grainger, batchelor, peter

Colour Photograph. Men under portable gazebo. Sausage making. Back of photo reads: Bullboar sausage making at Nariel ff. Ron Lewis John Williams Peter Ellis Wayne Blandford.photo, group, male

This item is part of a group of five green display boards with photographs of sheep. This item is associated with the New South Wales Graziers Association world tour of merino sheep 1928/9.Five black and white photographs and printed paper mounted on green display board. Photographs depict sheep and men. The display board has pin holes in each corner.Front: [handwritten] Reversed Badgerface Pattern. / [printed] This is a remarkable instance of a reversal of pattern. The areas / that are black in the badgerface are white in this type, and vice versa. / This pattern behaves as a simple recessive to white and to badgerface / pattern. As in the badgerface, there are many modifications. Figs. / 1-3 show the typical pattern. Fig. 4 shows the head of another sheep / and Figs. 5-6 a typical lamb. Back: [handwritten] Reversed / Badgerface Pattern / 8 / [printed] PHOTOGRAPH COPYRIGHT / BY / THE ANIMAL BREEDING RESEARCH DEPT., / THE UNIVERSITY, EDINBURGH. / PLEASE RETURN TO :new south wales graziers association, world tour, england, sheep, farm, rural, agriculture, scotland