William Thomas Jarrot was a former teacher at Wangaratta high School, who went missing in active service on 7th June 1917. The William family preserved this letter, unopened and unread for exactly 100 years. Written by Jarrot to his sister from the battlefront of Belgium, it was opened and read by the Wangaratta High School Prefect team on the 7th of June 2017.Wooden Australia-shaped frame around an embroidered postcard reading 'Sonoenic de France'. Embroidered flap contains a small card which says 'Thinking of you'. On the reverse side of the postcard is a handwritten letter by William Jarrot in 1917.Sonoenic de France Thinking of you My Dear Sister I received your welcome letter a couple dated June 15. I am quite alright and going up the line again pretty soon. I have received both registered letters alright. We are having great success lately but he is fighting hard in places. Robbie told me about his father having an operation. The weather is extremely mild here now. I haven't had a letter from Annie for some time now. i don't know whether I can get this posted now or not. Hoping this finds you all as well as it leaves me at present. With best love to all. From your loving brother.

Yellow plastic folder titled "Melbourne Met Pass", with The Met logo in green print on both sides of the outside of the folder. On the inside has two pockets for storing items formed with clear plastic. Map Folded Map of Melbourne Rail and Tram lines, titled "The Met PASS Map to Melbourne" Tram Map - probably soon after conversion of the St Kilda and Port Melbourne lines to Light Rail, though these are not shown. Opened November 1987. Rail Map - shows Route 96 north section as Light Rail, co-ordinated bus routes, and the Altona line as going to Werribee. This route was opened in 1985. Date of Map c1988/1990. Has details of Museums, Art Galleries, Shopping, Gardens and Sports Arenas in Japanese. Sheet of paper advising users on presentation of the Met Pass (not included in the folder) Book - titled "The Met's Guide to Melbourne", sub titled - Get around on The Met. Card covers, perfect bound, 100 pages in colour with maps, guides and information about various locations within Greater Melbourne including Werribee Zoo and Healesville. See also Reg Item 106 to 108 for a similar item and 983 for the document that was used to launch the Met Pass. Two copies held.trams, tramways, the met, melbourne, tickets, tourist tickets

These marble stopper bottles came from the Warrnambool aerated waters factory of John Fletcher. A marble stopper bottle was filled upside down so that as soon as the filling stopped the marble was forced down to seal the bottle against the rubber ring. Pressure inside the bottle would keep the marble pressed against the top of the bottle. To open the bottle the marble was pressed down where it would fall into the neck of the chamber below. The marble would stay inside the chamber when the bottle was tilted up for drinking. As a young boy John Fletcher worked at the cordial factory of John Rowley in Banyan Street, Warrnambool. He then worked in Koroit Street, Warrnambool at the Union Cordial Factory of John Davis. This factory had been established in the 1860s. In 1885 John Fletcher bought the business of John Davis and continued it on until 1930 when it was bought by Ralph Reeves. John Fletcher manufactured lemonade, tonic waters, soda water, sarsaparilla, cordials, ginger ale, hop beer and hop bitters. These bottles are of interest, firstly because they are good examples of the marble stopper bottle type of bottle, no longer in use. They are also important because they are John Fletcher bottles and he was a prominent businessman in Warrnambool for over 40 years.These are two glass bottles. They have a rounded base and body with deep indentations which give a narrowed aperture to the top of the body and the neck. The neck is round and tapering to a moulded opening at the top of the bottle. Both bottles had a round rubber ring inside the bottle, with one lodged in the bottom of the bottle. Both bottles have a green glass marble in the neck of the bottle. The name of the manufacturer of the lemonade is impressed into the body of the bottles. ‘J. Fletcher’s Aerated Waters Koroit Street Warrnambool’ ‘Lemonade’ ‘This bottle is the property of John Fletcher Warrnambool & cannot be legally used by others’ ‘A.G.M.’ john fletcher warrnambool, cordial manufacturers in warrnambool, history of warrnambool

Information page with photos about the memorial to still born babies at Eltham cemetery, Mt Pleasant Road, Eltham which lies under the trees on the west side of cemetery. A plaque within a garden bed states: “Cherished, but not cradled. This small garden is adjacent to a communal gravesite for stillborn babies, or those who died soon after birth. They were all born and /or died at Queen Victoria Medical Centre and buried between March 1979 and April 1986.” The landscaping was funded by Stillborn and Neonatal death Support (SANDS) Vic. Members. It also initially had a low wooden seat in place. (No longer in place April 2022) The Queen Victoria Medical Centre itself was founded in 1896 and at the time was one of only three hospitals worldwide founded, managed and staffed by women. The Centre has since merged and amalgamated with the Monash Medical Centre. H.G's research also indicated that the communal burial sites within Eltham Cemetery was also for bodies that were donated for science.communal graves, eltham cemetery, s.a.n.d.s., stillbirth and neonatal death support, memorial to still born babies, women in eltham cemetery tour, memorial

Plaque in the memorial to still born babies at Eltham cemetery, Mt Pleasant Road, Eltham which lies under the trees on the west side of cemetery. The plaque within a garden bed states: “Cherished, but not cradled. This small garden is adjacent to a communal gravesite for stillborn babies, or those who died soon after birth. They were all born and /or died at Queen Victoria Medical Centre and buried between March 1979 and April 1986.” The landscaping was funded by Stillborn and Neonatal death Support (SANDS) Vic. Members. It also initially had a low wooden seat in place. (No longer in place April 2022) The Queen Victoria Medical Centre itself was founded in 1896 and at the time was one of only three hospitals worldwide founded, managed and staffed by women. The Centre has since merged and amalgamated with the Monash Medical Centre. Records in EDHS files also indicate that the communal burial sites within Eltham Cemetery was also for bodies that were donated for science. Tomorrow's history documented todayeltham, jim connor collection, eltham cemetery, sands, stillbirth and neonatal death support, memorial to still born babies, memorial plaque, plaque, women in eltham cemetery tour

In the 1852 Josiah Holloway, a developer, purchased 625 acres from the squatters Richard and John King and sectioned '2 acre allotments' south of Henry Dendy's Brighton Survey along the Arthur's Seat Road ( later Nepean Highway) for sale @ £10 It became known as The Two Acre Village as settlers took up the allotments and established market gardens, general stores, butchers, blacksmiths, post office and 2 hotels. Charles Whorral opened The Cheltenham Inn and it became so popular as a meeting place that the area was called Cheltenham. The early settlers, who were predominantly English and Scottish immigrants initially leased their allotments and, because the sandy soil was so fertile, they were soon able to purchase the land and increase their acreage. Cheltenham became a very important part of the large Moorabbin Shire1871 and City of Moorabbin 1934 In the 1994 Amalgamation of Councils, when the large City of Moorabbin was divided between the newly formed Glen Eira, Kingston and Bayside Councils, the Cheltenham area was assigned to the City of Kingston A photocopy of the Plan for the 2 Acre Village in Moorabbin Parish c1852. A3 laminatedmoorabbin, brighton, cheltenham, market gardeners, pioneers, early settlers, , king. john, holloway josiah, whorral charles, arthur’s seat road, nepean highway , cheltenham inn hotel, henry dendy special survey 1841

This book of poetry was a Prize Awarded for Botany and Physiology an unidentifiable recipient who was Dux of Form V, it was presented by James Scott B.A., Warrnambool College. Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson FRS (6 August 1809 – 6 October 1892) was a British poet. He was the Poet Laureate during much of Queen Victoria's reign and remains one of the most popular British poets. In 1829, Tennyson was awarded the Chancellor's Gold Medal at Cambridge for one of his first pieces, "Timbuktu". He published his first solo collection of poems, Poems Chiefly Lyrical in 1830. "Claribel" and "Mariana", which remain some of Tennyson's most celebrated poems, were included in this volume. Although decried by some critics as overly sentimental, his verse soon proved popular and brought Tennyson to the attention of well-known writers of the day, including Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Tennyson's early poetry, with its medievalism and powerful visual imagery, was a major influence on the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.This book was awarded to a student of Warrnambool College as an end of year prize is an example of how it was the custom to award prizes as scholastic encouragement to students for exemplary work during the school year in the late 19th to early 20th centuries.Book “The Works of Alfred Lord Tennyson” poet laureate. Spine of book says “Tennyson’s Works”. Published 1892 in London and New York, by Macmillan and Co. Cover is read with gold border. Prize label book presented by James Scott BA "Form V/Dux/Botany Physiology to Master … / James Scott B.A. / Dec 18th 1893"flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, alfred lord tennyson, poetical works, james scott b.a., warrnambool college form v prize 1893

Some Ithacans on arrival in Melbourne moved to the larger regional country towns and opened food vending businesses. John (Ioannis) Raftopoulos (Fiakas) was one such Ithacan who established himself in Mildura. He opened the Sport Cafe in Langtree Avenue. The Spot was an elegant and sophisticated establishment and as well as serving meals, also served the latest sundaes and cool fountain drinks. By the late 1930s he had also opened a milk bar in Mildura’s Astor Theatre. Raftopoulos was a true entrepreneur and ran a number of business in the Mildura and Red Cliffs. John's father, Efstathios Raftopoulos (Levendis) arrived in Australia in 1895 and John soon followed. John's brother-in-law Dimitrios Vlassopoulos arrived from Ithaca in 1922 and opened the Golden Key Café in Red Cliffs. Dimitrios had previously spent about 10 years in America where he gain knowledge and experience in the food and hospitality business. The Golden Key Café shared similarities with the Spot Sundae ‘Parlor’. Ithacan settlement in Mildura area dates back to the early 1900s. A black and white photograph of the interior of a cafe. There are five waitresses and two waiters; three of the women are behind a counter and the other two are standing beside the tables which are lined up on either side of the restaurant. One of the waiters is at the rear is behind a counter while the other is in the background. The restaurant is adorned with Christmas decorations and potted plants.

Mark Cowley Lidwill was awarded an Honorary Fellowship in 1954 after his retirement to honour his working life.Mark Cowley Lidwill was born in England in 1878. His family moved to Melbourne in 1894. Lidwill studied medicine at the University of Melbourne, graduating with honours in 1902 and achieving a Doctorate in Medicine (MD) in 1905. Soon after graduation he moved to Sydney and in 1913 was appointed as the first lecturer in anaesthetics at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital. That year Lidwill became the first person in the world to catch a black marlin with rod and reel. The event was celebrated in newspapers throughout the country and the marlin skeleton is now on display at the Australia Museum. Lidwill was also the designer of a machine which could deliver anaesthesia mechanically. Compact and portable, the machine delivered precise, although variable, concentrations of ether. Lidwill is also credited with developing the world’s first pacemaker. In a letter he wrote to Harry Daly in 1955, Lidwill was ambivalent about the fate of the machine: “No one would be bothered with it and they thought I was mad”.Printed certificate from the Faculty of Anaesthetists of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) awarded to Mark Cowley Lidwill as an Honorary Fellowship. Printed in black ink at the top of the certificate is the RACS coat of arms. The certificate is dated 26 June 1954 and has been signed by Harold R Dew, President of the College, and other members of the executive.mark cowley lidwill, faculty of anaesthetists, honorary fellowship, royal australasian college of surgeons, cardiology, pacemaker, royal prince alfred hospital, doctorate in medicine

This trophy was presented to 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles to be presented to the officer presenting the best essay or military history presentation by Captain John McLean, a serving office with the regiment between 1958 and 1993. It was only presented twice and probably lapsed soon after the linking of the regiment with 4th/19th Prince of Wales Light Horse; 1992 Lieutenant H Burvill, 1994 Lieutenant M Jarrett. The 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles was raised as a regiment of the Royal Australian Armoured Corps on 1 May 1948 with Headquarters in Melbourne and squadrons in Sale, Benalla/Wangaratta and Albury. In 1955 Regimental Headquarters moved to Wangaratta and a second squadron was located at Albury. The Sale squadron transferred to 4th/19th Prince of Wales’s Light Horse. In 1977 8/13 VMR Regiment was reduced to an independent squadron A Squadron 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles and in 1991 was linked with 4th/19th Prince of Wales’s Light Horse forming the VMR Squadron of that regiment.Fine example of efforts to promote the study of military history by regimental officers.Octagonal wooden plaque with octagonal brass medallion of Sir John Monash and plastic plates recording donor and winners of annual competition."Monash trophy awarded for V.M.R. Officer best annual essay or military history presentation. Presented by Captain J.F. McLean R.F.D. E.D. 1958 - 1993 'Peace is having friends with weapons' "officer, military history, vmr, mclean, monash

James William Jardine, a 20 year old farm labourer of Rathscar Victoria sailed with 19th Reinforcements to the 8th Light Horse Regiment. The 8th Light Horse Regiment AIF was raised at Broadmeadows Victoria in September 1914 under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander White and formed part of the 3rd Light Horse Brigade. The regiment served at Gallipoli where in a courageous but ill-fated charge at the Nek on 7 August 1915 it suffered horrendous casualties including Lieutenant Colonel White. Rebuilt in Egypt under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Leslie Maygar VC the regiment went on the serve throughout the Middle East Campaign. Colonel Maygar died of wounds at Beersheba when the regiment was attacked by enemy aircraft while waiting to follow up the successful charge of the 4th LH Brigade on 30 October 1917. The 8th Light Horse AIF was disbanded in 1919, but soon after re-raised as the 8th (Indi) Light Horse in the Citizen Military Forces, superseding 16th (Indi) Light Horse. Black and white studio photograph of soldier in light horse uniform holding riding riding crop. Photo is glued to plastic foam board.2771 Pte / J.W. Jardine / 8 ALH / AIF (Pres) / Taken by Rai-0re Studio Seymourworld war one, wwi, aif, 8th, light horse, jardine, rathscar, seymour

Most of the civic and sporting ephemera assembled by Francis Rigg were patriotic buttons. The use of these buttons as a means of raising revenue through patriotic sentiment occurred soon after Australia pledged allegiance to Empire. Buttons reflected ‘public sentiment, courage, patriotism, generosity and several [un- named] virtues’ such as the martyred mother of a ‘fallen’ hero. Attention was paid to attractiveness of design, encoded symbolism and high quality of production. Expressing ‘loyalty’, they were tokens to be kept for perpetuity. Female labour was used to operate the die that compressed the tin backing, photographic print and celluloid cover together. The pin was applied by hand. Women, of all ages, entered into the spirit of voluntary sales. Often they were sold at the entry and exit points of major pedestrian thoroughfares. The women of Kew set up a kiosk in front of the Post Office and the Railway Station to solicit their round, oval and square shaped wares. Pride in salesmanship was affected by publishing the name of the woman and her fiscal achievement in the major newspapers of the day. The badges form part of a collection of ephemera originally purchased by Francis Horace Rigg (19/10/1882-05/03/1946) of 50 Belford Road, Kew (Vic.). Frances Rigg was a local business identity in Kew, ultimately managing the local branch of the English, Scottish and Australian (ES&A) Bank at 175 High Street, Kew from c. 1920 until the 1940s. After Francis Rigg’s death, the collection of buttons and badges was inherited by his son, Ken Rigg (14/11/1922-19/01/2014). The collection was subsequently donated to the Kew Historical Society in 2015 by his grandson Adrian Rigg during the Gallipoli and Beyond Commemoration.The collection covers a period of almost 40 years. The majority of the badges are patriotic buttons, issued and sold during and immediately after World War 1 to raise funds for national and overseas causes. The collection also includes a number of locally significant sporting event buttons and sporting club medallions, issued in the 1920s and 1930s.The use of common symbols for a range of purposes is sometimes a feature of wartime and post-war fundraising buttons. Like the ‘Hospital Day 1919’ badge, the ‘Come Back to God’ badge is within a seven pointed star on a dark blue ground with sprays of wattle; attempting to harness nationalism with religion.Come back to Godbutton

Most of the civic and sporting ephemera assembled by Francis Rigg were patriotic buttons. The use of these buttons as a means of raising revenue through patriotic sentiment occurred soon after Australia pledged allegiance to Empire. Buttons reflected ‘public sentiment, courage, patriotism, generosity and several [un- named] virtues’ such as the martyred mother of a ‘fallen’ hero. Attention was paid to attractiveness of design, encoded symbolism and high quality of production. Expressing ‘loyalty’, they were tokens to be kept for perpetuity. Female labour was used to operate the die that compressed the tin backing, photographic print and celluloid cover together. The pin was applied by hand. Women, of all ages, entered into the spirit of voluntary sales. Often they were sold at the entry and exit points of major pedestrian thoroughfares. The women of Kew set up a kiosk in front of the Post Office and the Railway Station to solicit their round, oval and square shaped wares. Pride in salesmanship was affected by publishing the name of the woman and her fiscal achievement in the major newspapers of the day. The button forms part of a collection of ephemera originally purchased by Francis Horace Rigg (19/10/1882-05/03/1946) of 50 Belford Road, Kew (Vic.). Frances Rigg was a local business identity in Kew, ultimately managing the local branch of the English, Scottish and Australian (ES&A) Bank at 175 High Street, Kew from c. 1920 until the 1940s. After Francis Rigg’s death, the collection of buttons and badges was inherited by his son, Ken Rigg (14/11/1922-19/01/2014). The collection was subsequently donated to the Kew Historical Society in 2015 by his grandson Adrian Rigg during the Gallipoli and Beyond Commemoration. The collection covers a period of almost 40 years. The majority of the badges are patriotic buttons, issued and sold during and immediately after World War 1 to raise funds for national and overseas causes. The collection also includes a number of locally significant sporting event buttons and sporting club medallions, issued in the 1920s and 1930s.Round metal button in red, white, blue and gold showing a sun setting over the sea with words printed in red around border and on lower outer rim.hospital day, patriotic buttons, first world war (1914-18)

Helen BURGESS (c.1927 - 08.03.2018) Born Sydney, New South Wales Helen Burgess gained a Diploma of Design and Craft, and instructed Craft in the Occupational Therapy Departments of Repatriation and Rehabilitation. In 1957 she came to Victoria, gaining a Technical teachers Certificate from the Bendigo School of Mines. Soon after moving to Ballarat in 1973 she joined the newly formed Ballarat Embroiders Guidance Group (later Embroiders Guild). She lectured in Craft at the Ballarat Institute of Advanced Education from around 1974. She retired from the Ballarat College of Advanced Education in 1982. Helen Burgess was also an office bearer with the Ballarat Field Naturalists Club. Helen retired from BCAE in 1982 as Lecturer in Art and Craft, having commenced at BIAE approx. 1974. This work was possibly exhibited at the Embroiderers Guild, Victoria - Ballarat Branch. In 2015 Helen Burgess was considered one of the guild's longest members, at it was thought she was a foundation member of the Ballarat Branch.Textile landscape featuring applique, and hand and machine embroidery.Signed verso 'H. Burgess'.artwork, artist, helen burgess, textiles, embroidery, applique, landscape, ballarat field naturalists club, embroiderers guild

This badge has 'Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind' written in gold against a dark blue background around an oval shape, with the words 'Rifle Club' in the same lettering at the base. Inside the oval, on a light blue background, is a lighthouse and a rifle either side of it, the butts crossing at the apex. In the 1960's, the RVIB approached engineer George Glover to produce equipment to allow blind people to shoot, based upon that made available at St Dunstan's Hospital in the UK. The rifle range opened in February 1966 at the rear of St Kilda Road with 30 members, and soon became involved in matches with sighted rifle clubs in the area. The club had many successful years, competing against teams from Canada and New Zealand in 1968, and had the support of ICIANZ which provided them with free munitions as well as teams to compete against. In 1977, George Glover passed away and some of the skills required for maintenance of the equipment was lost, however the club continued until the late 1980's/early 1990s.Lighthouse with two rifles either side and crossed at top on blue backgroundRoyal Victorian Institute for the Blind Rifle Clubroyal victorian institute for the blind, badges, rvib rifle club

The first tape based talking book machine from the late 1950s, produced by Clarke & Smith, that allowed the listener to hear up to 20 hours of recordings. Although bulky (each tape cartridge alone weighed over 2 kgs), the MK1 was the first magnetic, multi-track tape produced and considered quite novel for it's time. The cartridge designed to be played on the Clarke & Smith Model12 Talking Book gramophone was designed to house the pick up mechanism (the phono cartridge which contains the stylus) in the lid, so that visually impaired people could just close the lid to play the record. Initially these players designed to handle only 24 rpm, but soon added 33 rpm and 16 rpm options via the dial located on the left hand corner of the disk base. Directions for using as well as reminders to use on alternating current only are located inside the lid. On the side of the player are two plastic dials: one for turning on and volume, the other for tone.Metal record player housed in a brown wooden carry case, with a speaker grill in the front, two plastic dials on the side and an electric cord extending from the back of the case.Manufactured for Nuffield Talking Book Libraryaudio equipment, clarke and smith

The Roadknight family settled on Ewing's Marsh on what is now known as the Old Station In 1850. The Lakes Entrance run was occupied by the late Thomas Roadknight. In 1852 his brother William took charge. Soon after this Corringle Station was occupied by the late T. T. Stirling. William was born at Collingwood, the son of William Roadknight and Jane Stirling. The Roadknight family came from Colac on board the Enterprise to their new home at Cunninghame. The house on the hill, now Pine Hill was named Merrangbaur (home of the lyrebird). William held the Lake Tyers and Snowy River run in partnership with Thomas Telfer Stirling who took up the eastern end of the run on the west bank of the Snowy River. The run included Ewing‟s Marsh — the Ewing brothers were earlier landowners but had no formal run in this area. William served four terms on the Tambo Shire Council as a representative of the Bendoc Riding despite not being a resident of the Riding. He was then elected to the Orbost Shire as a West Riding councillor in 1896-97, 1897-98 and was Shire President in his final year 1898-99 This item is associated with Roadknight family who were early settlers in the Orbost district.A black / white photograph of a family group of mother, father and six children standing outdoor. There is a dog lying in front .roadknight-william ewing's-marsh old-station-orbost

These bottles are known as marble stopper bottles. This type of bottle was filled upside down so that as soon as the filling stopped the stopper was forced down to seal the bottle against the rubber ring. Pressure inside the bottle would keep the marble pressed against the top of the bottle. To open the bottle the marble was pressed down where it would fall into the neck chamber below. The marble would stay inside the chamber when the bottle was tilted up for drinking. These bottles have come from the aerated waters factory of John Fletcher of Warrnambool. This factory in Koroit Street was established in the mid 19th century by John Davis. As a young boy John Fletcher worked at the cordial factory of John Rowley in Banyan Street, Warrnambool and then worked for a number of years for John Davis at his Union Cordial Factory. In 1885 John Fletcher succeeded John Davis and continued in this business until 1930.. The business was then taken over by Ralph Reeves. John Fletcher manufactured aerated waters, soda, tonic waters, lemonade, ginger ale, hop beer, hop bitters, sarsaparilla and cordials. These bottles are of interest firstly because they are good examples of marble stopper bottles, no longer in use today. They are also important because they are John Fletcher bottles and he was a prominent soft drinks manufacturer in Warrnambool for over 40 years. These four bottles are made of green coloured glass. They have a round body with deep indentations at the top, narrowing the entrance to the neck which is short and thick. The top opening is made of thick moulded glass. A glass marble is loose in the neck section. The rubber ring inside the neck is missing. The manufacturer’s details are embedded into the glass on both sides of the bottle.‘Lemonade’ ‘J.Fletcher’s Aerated Waters Koroit Street Warrnambool’ ‘This bottle is the property of John Fletcher Warrnambool and cannot be legally used by others’ fletcher's cordial, marble stopper bottle, warrnambool cordial

This is a marble stopper bottle. It was filled upside down so that as soon as the filling stopped the marble was forced down to seal the bottle against the rubber ring. Pressure inside the bottle kept the marble pressed against the top of the bottle. To open the bottle the marble has been pressed down and has fallen into the neck chamber below. The marble stayed inside the chamber when the bottle was tilted up for drinking. This bottle came from the Warrnambool aerated waters factory of John Fletcher. This factory was commenced in the mid 19th century by John Davis. As a young boy John Fletcher worked at the cordial factory of John Rowley in Banyan Street, Warrnambool. He then worked for John Davis at his Union Cordial Factory in Koroit Street for many years. In 1885 he succeeded John Davis in this business. Fletcher’s business continued until 1930 when it was sold to the soft drinks manufacturer, Ralph Reeves. John Fletcher made aerated waters, soda water, tonic water, lemonade, ginger ale, hop beer, hop bitters, sarsaparilla and cordials. This bottle is of interest as a good example of a marble stopper bottle and as a memento of the soft drinks made by John Fletcher, a prominent Warrnambool businessman for over 40 years. This is a glass bottle with a heavy round base and a rounded body which is markedly indented at the top, causing the aperture inside to be narrowed. The neck is rounded and tapers to the moulded glass opening at the top. There is a round piece of red rubber inside the top of the bottle. A green glass marble is loose in the neck section. The lettering giving details of the manufacturer is embedded into the glass. There is a small chip on the base.‘John Fletcher Trade Mark (crown symbol)Warrnambool’ ‘Soda Water’ ‘M’ john fletcher, warrnambool, cordial manufacturers, warrnambool

This bottle is known as a marble stopper bottle. The bottle was filled upside down so that as soon as the filling stopped the stopper was forced down to seal the bottle against the rubber ring. Pressure inside the bottle would keep the marble pressed against the top of the bottle. To open the bottle the marble was pressed down where it would fall into the neck chamber below. The marble would stay inside the chamber when the bottle was tilted up for drinking. This bottle came from the aerated waters factory of John Fletcher. This factory was commenced in the mid 19th century by John Davis. As a young boy John Fletcher worked at the cordial factory of John Rowley in Banyan Street, Warrnambool and then worked for John Davis at his Union Cordial Factory for many years. In 1885 he succeeded John Davis in this business. Fletcher’s business continued until 1930 and it later was bought by Ralph Reeves. John Fletcher manufactured aerated waters, soda, tonic waters, lemonade, ginger ale, hop beer, hop bitters, sarsaparilla and cordials. This bottle is of interest, firstly because it is a good example of the marble stopper type of bottle, no longer in use. It is also important because it is a John Fletcher bottle and he was a prominent soft drinks manufacturer in Warrnambool for over 40 years. This is a green-coloured glass bottle with a round base. The top of the body of the bottle has two heavy indentations either side, narrowing the entry to the body of the bottle. The neck is short and thick and the opening at the top of the bottle is moulded with a rubber ring around the inside. A glass marble is loose inside the bottle neck. The name of the manufacturer is moulded into the glass on the side and includes a crown symbol used as a trade mark.‘John Fletcher Trade Mark Warrnambool’ john fletcher, warrnambool, cordial manufacturers in warrnambool

As an incentive to improve school work and develop student leadership, from 1927 former Clarendon PLC student Nellie Sutherland (Coulter) donated a silver cup each year. The cup soon became a prestigious award. It was awarded to the girl holding the leading place in 'work, sport and above all moral character'. The cups were awarded annually until to 1951. Mrs Sutherland made these gifts partly to remember her school days under Mrs Kennedy and because the school in Mair Street was built on the site of her former home. But the main reason was in memory of her two brothers Jason and Les killed during World War 1. In 2001 the Junior School Parent Group funded the ongoing award for a Year 6 student. The award criteria in 2001 were 'general excellence in academic achievement, respect for and from others, a positive role model, involvement and initiative'. Beverley donated her Coulter Cup back to the school archive 'in appreciation of the wonderful experience I had a school' (CPLC reunion, April 2017). Small/Medium double-handled silver-plated cup on melamine stand; engraving on face of cup; accompanied by hand-written note of explanationCPLC crest / THE COULTER CUP / 1950 Note of explanation: COULTER CUP / High standard in work and / Spirit and for character and / qualities of Leadership / Beverly John / (Gift of Mrs P Sutherland)coulter-cup, clarendon-presbyterian-ladies-college, trophy, beverley-john, beverley-larwill, 1949

This snagging team is on the Brodribb River, east of Orbost. The Brodribb bridge can be seen in the background of the Photograph. The Snowy River was used for commercial navigation after 1880 and extensive de-snagging A shipping company was formed in 1880, poling barges upstream until the removal of large trees and branches that had fallen into the river was carried out to make the river upstream of Marlo easier to navigate. "The snaggers played an important part in making the river free for transport. By 1880 Captain Collins, R McNair engineer, J McNair and the two Winchesters were at work with a punt on the Snowy and Brodribb. Mr. Jim Winchester took charge soon after. Early snaggers were Johnston, J Renton, Nat Lynch, John Drew, Hatton, J Scott and Harry Wilkinson. The system used was to use a tree on the river bank as a lever and with heavy manila ropes, slowly to haul the snags out. They were piled up around a tree and burned when dry. The snaggers lived in a row of cottages in Snaggers’ Lane." (info. John Phillips Newsletter March 2004)The snaggers played an important role in the early settlement of the Orbost / Marlo district helping bto open it up to commercial shipping.Two copies of a black / white photograph of nine men on a snagging boat, a flat-bottom barge. In the background is a bridge.on back - "Snagging boat on Brodribb with R.McNair"snaggers-brodribb-river snagging-east-gippsland transportation

The advent of anaesthesia posed immediate problems for the oral surgeons and dentists who were used to operating on awake patients with intact airway reflexes. Early anaesthetics were very light and often created an uncooperative patient. Dentists were quick to complain they had trouble opening the mouth quickly enough and dental props soon made an appearance. Gags and tongue depressors proliferated, all initially devised to improve surgical and anaesthetic access, not to protect the airway. Other instruments for opening the jaws included the somewhat fearsome devices known as mouth openers. Heister's mouth opener was incorporated in anaesthetic practice but was not designed for this purpose. Lorenz Heister (1983 - 1758) used his device for mouth inspection and for operations on the palate, tonsils and teeth in the pre-anaesthesia era. He was not impressed with the way it was used by others in his life time and believed that it overstretched the jaw when used inappropriately. Despite its apparent brutality, the Heister mouth gag was still advertised for sale in 1983 and its useful mechanism has been incorporated into modern surgical retractors.Steel cork-screw shaped object with a twist top handle which will force the two arms apart. Each arm has ribbing toward the end to create friction when inserted in the mouth.Stamped into the twist top handle: MAYER & MELTZERheister, mouth gag, mouth opener

Joseph Gillies Biggar was a Belfast pork merchant. The Protestant faith has given more leaders to the Irish rebels than the Catholic faith, such as Grattan, Davies, Butt, Mitchell, Parnell, Shaw, Biggar, etc., and all, without exception, were Protestants.(http://www.marxists.org/archive/connolly/1911/connwalk/2-rebirel.htm) "Looking through the long list of those who were present at the Home Rule Conference, one may see the names of men, young or obscure, who were to achieve fame in the movement, and, in some cases, to exercise a decisive influence on its development. The earliest that springs to the eye is " Joseph Gillies Biggar." It was the first time that that misshapened form, with its homely face, its broad smile, its shrewd and fearless glance, was seen ; and the rasping voice, and odd and jerky mode of speaking, was heard, at a nationalist gathering. Biggar was then forty-six, a Presbyterian, head of a successful firm of provision merchants in Belfast, a member of the Municipal Corporation of Belfast, and chairman of the Water Commissioners; and was to commence soon his extraordinary career in the House of Commons. (http://archive.org/stream/homerulemovement00macduoft/homerulemovement00macduoft_djvu.txt) Portrait of a man wearing a glasses. He is Joseph Gilles Biggarballarat irish, biggar, joseph biggar, joseph gillies biggar, pork, belfast

On Saturday 17 May 1947, an article on page 25 of the Australian Women’s Weekly reported on the formation of a new women's club: the East Kew Women’s Community Club. The article reads: "Wives and mothers in a Melbourne suburb, East Kew, have formed the East Kew Women's Community Club. While babies and young children are under the supervision of a play leader, wives and mothers follow up their own interests. The club caters for varying tastes, has musical appreciation, drama, and "Keep Fit" classes. President Mrs. Grace Thake says that the club hopes soon to have tennis, debating, and discussion groups. The club originated from a debate, "Should women take an active part in social and civic affairs?" Two days later their interest in these matters was proved by the forming of the club, which took for its motto: "To help others, improve ourselves, and foster the community spirit." Membership is open to all women, regardless of age, politics, and religion, and aims to co-operate with all societies working for the improvement of health and cultural standards." The East Kew Women's Community Club, also called the East Kew Women's Community Club functioned from 1946 to the end of the 1960s (to be verified). The records of the Club were placed with Kew Historical Society to preserve them for posterity. The records and objects belonging to the East Kew Women's Community Club have significance socially for their capacity to illuminate women's associations in the post war period in Australia.Brown leather wallet, dated 1946, embossed with the owner's name and information about the club of which she was the founding president."G Thake | Founder EKWC | 1946 To help others | Improve ourselves | Foster the community spirit"community clubs - kew (vic), women's clubs - kew (vic), east kew women's club, grace thake, presentation wallets

Pulleys were used to lift goods to and from boats and at other sites at the lightstation where hauling was undertaken. Historical images and text panels in the Wilsons Promontory Museum attest to the detailed logistics that needed to be exercised in lifting and transporting goods once they had arrived by boat at the Eastern Landing. Cranes and a flying fox were employed in the nineteenth century and updated versions of this equipment served well into the twentieth century. The first cranes to be employed at the site were built just after December 1857, when tenders were called to construct two cranes prior to the commencement of building the lightstation.The first boat landing at the promontory was built on the west side of the lighthouse, which the architect, Charles Maplestone sketched in June 1859, the same month that he announced the completion of the lighthouse. His drawing shows one of the cranes as a large structure built for heavy duty lifting. Soon the east landing became the preferred place for delivering stores, but as late as 1993 a crane, timber structures and disused heavy iron machinery remained at the old site.Large rusted iron pulley, large loop at one end and smaller loop at the other. No hook.(Sheave Block)

Pulleys were used to lift goods to and from boats and at other sites at the lightstation where hauling was undertaken. Historical images and text panels in the Wilsons Promontory Museum attest to the detailed logistics that needed to be exercised in lifting and transporting goods once they had arrived by boat at the Eastern Landing. Cranes and a flying fox were employed in the nineteenth century and updated versions of this equipment served well into the twentieth century. The first cranes to be employed at the site were built just after December 1857, when tenders were called to construct two cranes prior to the commencement of building the lightstation.180 The first boat landing at the promontory was built on the west side of the lighthouse, which the architect, Charles Maplestone sketched in June 1859, the same month that he announced the completion of the lighthouse.His drawing shows one of the cranes as a large structure built for heavy duty lifting. Soon the east landing became the preferred place for delivering stores, but as late as 1993 a crane, timber structures and disused heavy iron machinery remained at the old site.Large iron pulley with loop at one end and hook at the other, rusted.

This photograph, enlarged from a post card from the Rose Series, is representative of many images representing High Street, Wodonga as it developed over time. The Rose Series of postcards is a series of postcards of scenes from around Australia and some international ones as well. They were produced by the Rose Stereograph Company, which was the business of Victorian photographer George Rose (1861-1942). In 1880, George, aged 19, founded his business in Victoria, and soon became famous for producing stereographs, or stereo views. His early images included the landing at Anzac Cove, Ned and Dan Kelly’s Armour (taken at trial in 1880), The Duke & Duchess of York and their daughter Princess Elizabeth and Phar Lap winning the Melbourne Cup. When stereographs lost popularity during the 1920s, Rose switched to the production of postcards and decorative cards. He and his team of photographers took thousands of photos of scenery around Victoria and beyond, and the postcards became iconic images of Australian life. The Rose Stereograph Company Collection comprising more than 100,000 items was auctioned by Lloyds in June 2021.This is an image from an important collection of postcards which were representative of towns in Victoria taken c1920 - 1940sThis is an enlarged black and white photo of a postcard of High Street Wodonga from the Rose Series Across bottom of photo "THE ROSE SERIES P.1760 HIGH STREET, WATER TOWER, WODONGA, VIC."rose series p.1760, wodonga post cards, high street wodonga