161 (Independent) Reconnaissance Flight was an Australian Army aviation unit of both fixed-wing and rotary aircraft. This item was collected because it commemorates the war in Vietnam.Shield-shaped wooden plaque with metal badge/insignia of crown, eagle, crossed swords and laurel wreath in two shades of blue. The emblem of 161 (Independent) Reconnaissance Flight Vietnam.VIGILANCE/ 161 (INDEP) RECCE FL.T./ VIETNAM161 reconnaissance flight, vietnam, army pilots, 161 recce

In the Vietnam conflict, Australian troops used these ropes at night and crossing rivers to assist in keeping soldiers together. They were also used with wooden poles when making stretchers in the field and to secure prisoners.Green fibre rope assembly, single leg, polyester toggle rope. Rope is coiled with a loop at both ends.toggle rope, vietnam war, military equipment, rope, vietnam

Tony 'Bomber' Bower-Miles was a young sapper in the Australian Army when he first went to Vietnam in 1969. landmines were one of the biggest threats faced by troops on both sides, and much of Bomber's work involved the dangerous task of clearing them.vietnam war, 1961 - 1975 -- veterans -- biography, land mines - detection - vietnam

In this revised and expanded edition of their widely acclaimed pioneering work, the authors, both historians associated with Princeton University, view their subject from the standpoint of political as well as military consideration, examining the fundamentals of guerrilla warfare and the problems it entails in historical and contemporary contexts.revolutionary war, civil war

As Australia commemorates the 100th Anniversary of the ANZAC landing at Gallipoli, it is both saddening and heart warming to pause and reflect on those who died serving their communities and their country as surf lifesavers.soldiers -- australia, surf lifesaving (aquatic sports)

Not Going To Vietnam begins in 1968, telling the story of the boy dho didn't go to war, before taking the road with the Australians who did - both in 1942 in Singapore, Malaya and up the Thailand-Burma Railway, and later Vietnam.vietnamese conflict, 1961-1975 - conscientious objector, 1939-1945 - participation. australia

If I left the Communists take over South Vietnam, then I would be seen as a coward and my nation would be seen as an appeaser, and we would both find it impossible to accomplish anything for anybody anywhere on the entire globe. 1961-1975 -- history, vietnam war, 1961-1975 -- psychological aspects

If I let the Communists take over South Vietnam, then I would be seen as a coward and my nation would be seen as an appeaser, and we would both find it impossible to accomplish anything for anybody anywhere on the entire globe. 1961-1975 -- history, vietnam war, 1961-1975 -- psychological aspects

Framed photo collage of Australian involvement in Vietnam.In the centre of the collage there is a bronze plaque wich reads: VIETNAM The Vietnam War was a military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia from 1959 to 30 April 1975. The was was fought between the communist North vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of South Vietnam, supported by the united States and other member nations of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) The United States entered the war to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam as part of their wider strategy of containment. Military advisors arrived beginning n 1950. U.S. involvemeny escalated in the early 1960s and combat units were deployed beginning in 1965. Invollvement peaked in 1968 at the time of the Tet Offensive. Despite a peace treaty signed by all parties in january 1973, fighting continued. In response to the anti-war movement, the U.S. Congress passed the Case-Church Amendment in June 1973 prohibiting furtherdirect U.S. military intervention without Congressional authorization yet the U.S.was still heavily invested in the war until 1975, when North Vietnam captured Saigon. North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year. The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of facilities, including 3 to 4 million Vietnamese from both sides, 1.5 to 2 million Laotians and Cambodians, and 58,159 U.S. soldiers. AUSTRALIAN INVOLVEMENT: For a decade from 1962 to 1972, Australian forces were actively involved in the bitter war that tore Vietnam apart. they served with distinction, and in battles such as the decisive Battle of Long Tan they proved that they were more than a match for the Viet Cong.photo collage, australian involvement, southeast asia treaty organization (seato), tet offensive, u.s. congress, battle of long tan, saigon

Rippon Lea mansion and garden was created for Sir Frederick Sargood, a wealthy Melbourne businessman, politician and philanthropist. This is why the program notes that the event was 'By kind permission of Liert. -Col. Sir Fred. Sargood, K.C.M.G.' The event was in support of the Boer War and the program sets out the names of performers, dignitaries, sponsors and organisers and gives details of activities including songs, recitations, a display of pictures of the war, illuminations etcWhite coloured paper, folded and printed both sides in blue and red (being the program for the event) plus a smaller page printed in pink (being words of choruses sung)Front of program shows emblem of Empire Patriotic Fund and iconic images of the British Empire, and a photograph of Rippon Lea estate. The back page has an etching of a cannon. The Words of Choruses include words to A Prayer for Our Soldier, Comrades Song of Hope, and A Prayer - Lest We Forget.rippon lea, boer war, empire patriotic fund, 1900

Commemoration in London of the first anniversary of the landing at Gallipoli. On 25 April 1916, around 2,000 Australian and New Zealand soldiers marched through the streets of London to the Abbey. The service was held in the presence of King George V and Queen Mary.Two pages of paper, buff coloured with age, printed both sides, folded and stapled to make an 8 page document. The order of service is set out on pages 3-8.wwi, world war i, anzac, anzac day, gallipoli, aif

Text from card: 'On the night of 24th April 1918, the Australians made a daring and clever counter attack in the darkness, recaptured Villers-Bretonneux, stopped the German advance and saved Armiens. This, and the Battle of Hamei, were only a prelude to the smashing advance which commenced on 8th August.' Contains illustrations of 'Australians Advancing from Villers-Bretonneux, August 8th 1918' from an original painted by AIF War Artist Captain Will Longstaff; 'Capture of Hamei Village, July 14th 1918, by Australians assisted by a Detachment of Americans' by War Artist A Pearse. Both paintings were made for the Australian Comforts Fund. The Australian Comforts Fund was an umbrella organisation for voluntary bodies set up on 24 August 1916, after the outbreak of World War I. It was dissolved on 16 April 1920 but was re-established in 1940, during World War II and dissolved again in 1946. Card made in England by Raphael Tuck & Sons Ltd, publishers to the King and Queen. Oblong sheet folded in half to create 4 pages, all printed in colour and including illustrations and very full documentation.'Graham Clarendon Hyde 14 Btn AIF' 'Given to Historical Society of St Kilda by Mr G Hyde N Zealand August 1980'aif, world war i, wwi, australian comforts fund, 14th battalion aif, villers-bretonneux, battle of hamei

Program of a 'Monster Carnival' over 5 days, from Wednesday 11 October to Saturday 14 October 1916. Includes details of events and stall holders. Contains advertisements for local businesses and products. The carnival was to aid the Patriotic and Red Cross fundsSeven sheets of white paper, printed both sides in red and blue, folded and stapled (two staples) to create 28 pages.st kilda patriotic league, wwi, wwi fund-raising, world war i, victorian red cross

A margin around the four edges of the front of the card has been sectioned into groups of dates that correlate with weekends in November 1915, December 1915 and January 1916. Holes have been punched for the weekends of 20-21 and 27-28 November. The back of the card explains that, where a section has been punched, the holder of the card was on duty on the relevant dates at No. 5 Australian General Hospital. The hospital was established when it became necessary to establish a Military Hospital in Victoria during World War I. A new 40-bed Police Hospital on St Kilda Road that had not yet been occupied was taken over, expanded to take more than 600 patients, and opened as No. 5 Australian General Hospital in March 1915. It was soon found to not be large enough and tents were used until more permanent buildings could be constructed.Card, coloured brown on the front and cream on the back, printed both sides in black. A Red Cross is also printed on the front.Handwritten notations identify the card holder as Pt A D Mickle of 30 Marine Parade St Kildano. 5 australian general hospital, victorian red cross, base hospital

For a census of wealth and income during World War IPink coloured paper form, single sheet, printed in block on both sides1915 census

An identity card issued for civilian registration of British Subjects during World War II. This card was issued to Maisie Elizabeth Morgan of 48 Foam Street, Elwood.Brown card printed in black on both sidesPostmarked 7 April 1942 St Kilda. Card number 22915. Handwritten name, address and signatures of cardholder and witness. Handwritten additional reference numbers for official purposes.wwii, world war ii, civilian identification, id cards

An identity card issued for civilian registration of British Subjects during World War II. This card was issued to Emma Sara Morgan of 48 Foam Street, Elwood.Brown card printed in black on both sidesPostmarked 7 April 1942 St Kilda. Card number 22914. Handwritten name, address and signatures of cardholder and witness. Handwritten additional reference numbers for official purposes.wwii, world war ii, civilian identification, id cards

An identity card issued for civilian registration of British Subjects during World War II. This card was issued to Olive Blanche Appelton, 15 Morrie Street, Caulfield North.Brown card printed in black on both sidesPostmarked 8 April 1942 St Kilda. Card number 18003. Handwritten name, address and signatures of cardholder and witness. Handwritten additional reference numbers for official purposes.wwii, world war ii, civilian identification, id cards

The ration card includes directions for use, and a page of printed rectangles designed to be cut into separate coupons.Pink coloured card printed in black on both sides.Stamped number 299425. Name, address and identity card number of card holder Emma S Morgan, 42 Foam Street Elwood handwritten in ink.wwii, world war ii, rationing

The ration card includes printed and numbered rectangles designed to be cut into separate coupons.Yellow coloured card printed in black on both sides. Stamped number 928831. Handwritten name and address of card holder, Morgan, Emma S, 48 Foam Street.wwii, world war ii, rationing

Brochure outlining proposals of the St Kilda Branch of the Australian Communist Party, focusing in particular on post-war needs and opportunities.Three pages, folded and printed on both sides in black and white, and stapled st kilda council elections, australian communist party, mrs n pearson, mr g blackburn, mr e stein

Program for a rally arranged by the City of St Kilda on 26 June 1940 at St Kilda Town Hall to recruit numbers and raise war savings. Includes a detachable application form for War Savings Certificates on the back page. One of the speakers at the rally was Gunner Harold Holt MHR, who later served as Prime Minister in 1966-67. Holt was elected to Parliament in 1935 at the age of 27. He enlisted in the Militia in February 1939, joining a part-time artillery unit for businessmen and professionals and, May 1940, without resigning his seat, he enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force with the intent of becoming a full-time soldier. He was posted to the 2/4th Field Regiment, holding the rank of gunner. Within three months his brief military career came to an end when three senior government ministers died in a plane crash, an election was called, and he was given leave from the Army to campaign. He was re-elected and then resigned from the Army in October 1940 upon being sworn in as Minister for Labour and National Service.Cream coloured paper, printed in blue on both sides, folded and perforated at the fold city of st kilda, world war ii, wwii fund-raising, harold holt, arnold colman

Advertisement for a rally arranged by the City of St Kilda on 26 June 1940 at St Kilda Town Hall to recruit numbers and raise war savings. Printed on the reverse side is an application form for War Savings Certificates. One of the speakers at the rally was Gunner Harold Holt MHR, who later served as Prime Minister in 1966-67.Cream coloured paper, printed in blue on both sidescity of st kilda, world war ii, wwii fund-raising, harold holt

Annual report of the St Kilda Patriotic Society 1942-43. Summarises the funds raised to date and the source including by house to house collections, raffles, balls, community singing, Sunday concerts, St Kilda carnivals, sale of Australian Comforts Fund badges etc. It also sets out where the money raised had been directed. The St Kilda Patriotic Society was first formed during the First World War and was reconvened during the Second World War to organise all patriotic activities in St Kilda.Cream coloured paper, printed in blue and red on both sides and folded into threest kilda patriotic society, wwii fund-raising

Annual report of the St Kilda Patriotic Society 1944-45. Summarises the funds raised to date and the source including by house to house collections, raffles, balls, community singing, Sunday concerts, St Kilda carnivals, sale of Australian Comforts Fund badges etc. It also sets out where the money raised had been directed. The St Kilda Patriotic Society was first formed during the First World War and was reconvened during the Second World War to organise all patriotic activities in St Kilda.Cream coloured paper, printed in blue and red on both sides and folded into threest kilda patriotic society, wwii fund-raising

Program for a civic service of thanksgiving for the cessation of hostilities in the Second World War, arranged by the City of St Kilda in collaboration with the churches involved and held at the St Kilda Town Hall. The date is not specified.White paper, discoloured with age, printed in black on both sides and foldedcity of st kilda, wwii victory celebrations, arnold colman

Program for a civic service of thanksgiving for the cessation of hostilities in Europe in the Second World War, arranged by the City of St Kilda in collaboration with the churches involved and held at the St Kilda Town Hall. The date is not specified.Cream paper, printed in dark blue on both sides and foldedcity of st kilda, wwii victory celebrations, arnold colman

Uncompleted application form to purchase First Victory Loan Bonds and mark the application 'credit City of St Kilda quota'. The bonds, which would mature with interest after the war, were administered by the Commonwealth War Loans Organisation. Twelve major Government war loans (called Liberty, Austerity, Special or Victory loans) were offered during World War II. The First Victory Loan was offered on 28th March - 9th May 1944, with a target of 150 million pounds.Yellow coloured card printed in brown on both sides.commonwealth war loans organisation, city of st kilda, victory loan bonds

Walter Lindrum OBE (1898 - 1960) is often considered to be the greatest player ever seen in the sport of billiards, with some 57 world records to his credit. He is often referred to as one of the Australian all-time great sporting heroes along with Sir Donald Bradman and Sir Hubert Opperman. During World War II, he raised over $1 million for charity, mainly through staging nearly 4000 exhibition matches throughout Australia. The full date of the exhibition is not shown on the program but, given that it was held during WWII, it was likely to have been 9 June 1943. It raised money for Our Missions to Seamen and Merchant Navy.Cream paper (discoloured with age) printed in dark blue on both sides and folded in halfwalter lundrum, missions to seamen, merchant navy, wwii fund-raising

This 2 foot 6 inch (762mm) gauge wagon was used for carrying explosives and was used with the Greenbat Battery loco. It was donated to the Walhalla Goldfields Railway on long term loan in 2013 along with a large quantity of narrow gauge trollies and light rail from Orica’s now closed munitions factory in Melbourne’s western suburbs. Orica - Deer Park Munitions factory Orica Deer Park in Melbourne’s west has been used since circa 1875 for various forms of manufacturing and storage of chemicals. Although the site is bounded by Ballarat Road, Station Street, Tilburn Road and the Western Ring Road, the current entry point for industrial operations is situated at Gate 6 of Tilburn Road. Operations include: • a specialty chemicals facility producing products for mining services operations • quarry services • other chemical manufacture activities. The Deer Park factory complex The factory complex is of historical significance for the major role it played in Australia's manufacturing and mining industries through the development of progressively more efficient and safer explosives. It also contributed to wartime production in ammunition, initiators and the development of synthetic ammonia production and construction of the Defence Explosives Annexe No 5 (later the Albion Explosives Factory) during World War Two. The factory complex is also of technical significance for the unusual and specialised design of many of the buildings and structures, both in the layout of the works and the individual design of buildings. Blast protection and safety measures such as mounds around the buildings, 'cleanways' and buffer zones between production areas were employed extensively. A characteristic of many production buildings was the elimination of cavities where explosive compounds could lodge. The combination of concrete barriers and light-weight construction was designed to direct explosion debris away from operators or other buildings. The narrow gauge tramway, which ran through the explosives section, is a rare survivor of nineteenth century materials-handling methods. Historic - Industrial Narrow Gauge Railway - Wagon for carrying Explosives at the Orica - Deer Park Munitions factory, Deer park, Victoria, Australia Wagon for carrying explosives made from Timber and steelwagon for carrying explosives, puffing billy, industrial narrow gauge railway, orica - deer park munitions factory, explosives wagon