The University of Ballarat inherited the Camp Street Arts Precinct. As the functions of the former public buildings were moved elsewhere, the Victorian Government of the time recognised the importance of maintaining the heritage buildings and the opportunity to create a cultural precinct extending from the Art Gallery. The 19th century architecture along Lydiard Street and the dogleg bend of Camp Street define the precinct. With substantial financial assistance from both State and Commonwealth Governments, the Art Gallery Ballarat has been extended through to include the 1884 Police Station on Camp Street. The Post Office building (1864-1887) was acquired for the University. The 1904 and 1941 Courthouses and the c1900 Public Library building were also included. Two new buildings have been constructed. These six buildings will house the University's Visual and Performing Arts Programs.3 Panorama photograph of the opening of the University of Ballarat Arts Academy, Camp Street. .2 Poster .1) L to R Kerry Cox (Vice Chancellor); Brendan Nelson (Federal Minister - Education); Chancellor David Caro; Steve Bracks, Premier of Victoria. Photographer Ian Reiduniversity of ballarat, camp street, victorian government, commonwealth government, ballarat fine art gallery, police station, courthouse, public library, post office, art gallery ballarat

This building was built for the teaching of Visual Art on the Mt Helen Campus. With the move of Visual and Performing Arts to the Camp Street Arts Academy the buildings have been repurposed. Colour photograph of the building beside the oval at Federation University Australia Mount Helen Campus.federation university, buildings, mount helen campus, a building, visual art

The Arts Academy is the Camp Street campus of Federation University Australia, and was established in 2005A3 newsletter covering items of interest to the newly established Arts Academy, Camp Street Campus. arts academy, camp street, barnaby joyce, victorian students union, student media, art school funnies, swipe card system, post office gallery exhibition, anthony woodward, lefa singleton

Four page signed copy of a booklet concerning the University of Ballarat Art Campus at Camp Street. On back page - "Amidst the fevered atmosphere of multi-cultural settlement and the rush for gold, Ballarat's passion for the arts was born. The founding schools of art have evolved over 130 years to forge a proud identity in the University of Ballarat's 'New School of Arts'. The arts have returned to Camp Street Hill."arts academy, camp street, autographs, david karmouche, kerry cox, pamela davies, rosie mcgregor, tim broome, bill pryor, pater r. wilson, gerry anderson, robert hook, david james, terry lloyd, camp street hill

Higher education in east Gippsland dates back to 1890, and the opening of the Bairnsdale District School of Mines, In 1986 the Bairnsdale School of Mines and the Sale and Bairnsdale Technical schools amalgamated to form the East Gippsland Community College of TAFE. In 1995 it became the East Gippsland Institute of Technology, and in 2011 changed its name to Advance TAFE. The Bairnsdale District School of Mines Prospectus includes the members of council, a photographic image of the school, teaching staff, rules relating to students and instructors, Constitution, and a prospectus of subjects including Mining and Science Subjects, Diploma Courses, Preliminary Training, Metallurgy Course, Mining Engineering Course, Battery Manager's Certificate, Assayer's Certificate. It also includes a scale of fees, information on the Metallurgical Plant, Chemistry, Assaying and Metallurgy, Geology, Mining Geology, Mining, Petrology, Dynamics and Heat, Magnetism & Electricity, Mechanics Applied to Mining, Land Surveying, Mine Surveying, Algebra, Euclid, Trigonometry, Mechanical Drawing, Practical Plane Geometry, Practical Solid Geometry, Engineering Drawing, Art Subjects, and a list of certificates issued by the school since 1892.Grey soft covered book of 68 pages. The Bairsndale District School of Mines Prospectus includes the members of council, an photographic image of the school, teaching staff, rules relating to students and instructors, Constitution, and a prospectus of subjects including Mining and Science Subjects, Diploma Courses, Preliminary Training, Metallurgy Course, Mining Engineering Course, Battery Manager's Certificate, Assayer's Certificate. It also includes a scale of fees, information on the Metallurgical Plant and its chares, Chemistry, Assaying and Metallurgy, Geology, Mining Geology, Mining, Petrology, Dynamics and Heat, Magnetism & Electricity, Mechanics Applied to Mining, Land Surveying, Mine Surveying, Algebra, Euclid, Trigonometry, Mechanical Drawing, Practical Plane Geometry, Practical Solid Geometry, Engineering Drawing, Art Subjects, and a list of certificates issued by the school since 1892.bairnsdale district school of mines, bairnsdale, school of mines, donald clark, francis w. sewell, j.v.r. anderson, a.d. pleydell, walter seehusen, director, mining engineering, metallurgy, academy of arts, municipal surveyor, 1914

98 page newspaper supplement celebrating the century 1900-2000. Includes 100 names of great Ballaratians.the courier, ballarat courier, anniversary, century, steve bracks, tom o'meara, bruce morgan, weston bate, r.f. scott and co, camerons, sunshince train crash, nellie melba, queen victoria's death, star of the east gold mine, sebastopol, phoenix foundry closure, duke of cornwall and york, duchess of cornwall and york, central highlands water, electric trams, workld war one, richard w. richards, dick richards, william dunstan, mccann's dairy centre, conscription, george merz, peace, avenues of honur, red cross, james oddie, henry sutton, band competitions, influenza epidemic, ballarat council merger, bert hinkler, frank petch, bartrop real estate, ballarat zoo, english cricket team visits ballarat, the dole, the depression, sustenance works, charles kingsford smith, ballarat centenary, black friday, world war 2, world war two, walter davis, cuthberts, albert coates, john rowan, langi kal kal soldier setttlement, ronaldson and tippett, america soldiers, united stated marines, military hospitals\corckers, gollars, robert clark, edward j. bateman, ellinor morcom, f.w. barnes and son, rex hollioake, cricket, edgar bartrop, ideal homes competition, ballarat begonia festival, percy beames, bigarelli, good neighbourhood council, baird and mcgregor, sunicrust bakeries, begonia queens, tom beaumont, thomas toop, ray murphy, alice andrews, bobby greville, jack hill, john vernon, ballarat civic hall, haymarket, royal visits, trams, olympic games, robert lemke, bob bath, boxing, norm pinney, jack barker, greg binns, geoffrey blainey, pam davies, david haymes, m.b. john, morgan b. john, austin mccallum, steve moneghetti, richard crouch, voi williams, elsi simper, e.j. tippett, kenn webb, hugh williamson, st john's lutheran church, ballarat fine art gallery, art gallery of ballarat, peter tobin funerals, keith bray, john valves, vietnam war, john dellaca, haymes paints, henry haymes, sovereign hill, gold museum, dowling forest racecourse, ballarat turf club, mt helen campus, rupert hamer, swagman, bill mahoney, constance coward-lemke, hymettus historic garden, c.v. jones, eureka flag, save bakery hill, jessie scott, anne beggs sunter, ray's tent city, art theft, woodsplitters by tom roberts, fluoride, jack chisholm, ballarat railway station fire, princess diana, prince charles, university of ballarat, university of ballarat 130 anniversary, hailstorm, ballarat brewery closure, bicentenary, flooding, recession, pat cashin funerals, camp street arts precinct, arts academy, scout jamboree, ballarat learning city, council amalgamation, linton bushfire, eureka stockade centre, russell mark, tony lockett, east timor, ballaarat general cemeteries trust, john barnes, william heres, nelson brothers funeral services, valcor australia, bob davis, john curtin, david davies

Colour photograph of the the former Ballarat Courtroom, at the Ballarat State Offices, now part of the Federation University Camp Street Campus.state offices, former ballarat court house, courtroom, ballarat, federation univeristy camp st campus, arts academy, camp street, art deco

Dahlia & Arts Festival, Eaglehawk.16th - 26th March, 1995. Programme. Debutante Ball (1), 'The Festival' Exhibition at the Borough Galleries. Debutant Ball (2). Art Preview and Presentation of Awards. Craft Market. Displays of Cake Decorating. Sidewalk Busking Competition. Gala Fair. Eaglehawk Fire Brigade open day. Porcelain Art and Craft Show. Art Show. Display of Memorabilia-Cornish Assoc. Static Display-Irish Assoc. Children's Multi-Dimensional Art Exhibition. Children's Photographic Display. Flower Show. Photographic Print Competition. Eaglehawk Heritage Society-Display. Bridge to Park, foot race. Street Procession. O'Shea-Ryan Bendigo Irish Dancing School and O'Shea-Ryan Academy of Irish Dance - Melbourne Performance. 2nd Seasons Fashion Show. 13th Annual Dahlia & Arts Half Marathon. Ecumenical Church Service. Picnic Lunch. Free Concert-Guinness Show Band. Cycling Criterium. Mining Heritage Tour of Eaglehawk. Dahlia Diner. Variety Concert. ''High Jinx On The High Seas''. Childrens Fancy Dress Parade. Gala Charity Old Time Ball. Brass Instrument Solo/Party Competition. 'Gardening Through The Drought'-Guided Tour. California Hill Church Open Day Craft & Devonshire Teas. Traditional Cornish Concert. 'A Time to Remember'. Annual Croquet & Bowls Tournaments. Festival Guest of Honor Mr Wayne Gregson - Journalist. Editor - Bendigo Advertiser. Festival President, Mr Noel Thomas. Vice Presidents Alan Bull, Kevin Herdman. Executive Officer Jeanette Moss. Treasurer Lorna Thomas. Acknowledgements and sponsors on back page.event, entertainment, eaglehawk dahlia & arts festival, dahlia & arts festival, eaglehawk.16th - 26th march, 1995. programme. debutante ball (1), 'the festival' exhibition at the borough galleries. debutant ball (2). art preview presentation of awards. craft market. displays of cake decorating. sidewalk busking competition. gala fair. eaglehawk fire brigade open day. porcelain art and craft show. art show. display of memorabilia-cornish assoc. static display-irish assoc. children's multi-dimensional art exhibition. children's photographic display. flower show. photographic print competition. eaglehawk heritage society-display. bridge to park, foot race. street procession. o'shea-ryan bendigo irish dancing school and o'shea-ryan academy of irish dance - melbourne performance. 2nd seasons fashion show. 13th annual dahlia & arts half marathon. ecumenical church service. picnic lunch. free concert-guinness show band. cycling criterium. mining heritage tour of eaglehawk. dahlia diner. variety concert. ''high jinx on the high seas''. childrens fancy dress parade. gala charity old time ball. brass instrument solo/party competition. 'gardening through the drought'-guided tour. california hill church open day craft & devonshire teas. traditional cornish concert. 'a time to remember'. annual croquet & bowls tournaments. festival guest of honor mr wayne gregson - journalist. editor - bendigo advertiser. festival president, mr noel thomas. vice presidents alan bull, kevin herdman. executive officer jeanette moss. treasurer lorna thomas. acknowledgements and sponsors

External views of the J Kitchen & Sons site. Some taken October 2011 when manufacturing still occurred on site and some in May 2014 after demoltion work had begun to clear the site for future development; (.01) The Australian Academy of design building at 220 Ingles St (October 2011) (.02) The building which housed the factory outlet shop. Admin building in background. (October 2011) (.03) Part of the Iindustrial complex surrounded by fence in preparation for demolition. (May 2014) (.04) View of the art-deco admin building taken from Ingles St (May 2014) (.05) Corner of the complex already cleared (former shop outlet) (May 2014)built environment - industrial, business and traders - soaps/candles, j kitchen & sons pty ltd, australian academy of design, ingles street

“The painted works are very intricate to make as I work in various sized brush strokes to make the images appear hand-drawn" This artwork by artwork by Briony Galligan was installed from Friday 20th November 2020 to 1 November 2021. Open Every Door consists of two wall paintings, each will remain at the site for 6 months, and a website publication. In April 2021 Briony installed the second artwork A Lover not a Fighter. Each abstract wall painting references queer histories and art makers, as well as abstract drawings made by Deakin’s Spiritualist contemporaries, such as Georgiana Haughton (1814-1884). The work was part of a City of Ballarat annual commission program to create temporary public artworks in Alfred Deakin Place, Ballarat. The artwork featured on a prominent site near the Art Gallery of Ballarat Annex. Currently a destination for art lovers and students from Federation University’s Arts Academy, Alfred Deakin Place is actively programmed as a space for new and innovative, contemporary public art. painted wall

Penleigh Boyd, Robin and Patricia Boyd's son, writes “Prior to 1950 Robin, like most other amateur or hobby photographers, took black and white printed photographs. The oldest slides date from 1950 when Robin and Patricia travelled to Europe on Robin’s Robert Haddon Travelling Scholarship.” In 1948 Robin Boyd was awarded ‘joint first place’ in the Robert Haddon competition for his design of Mildura art gallery. The scholarship helped fund their first overseas trip. Robin and Patricia were passengers on the Greek ship “Cyrenia” departing in May 1950, passing through the Suez Canal and landing in Genoa five weeks later. For six months, they travelled extensively throughout Europe (predominantly driving themselves) - France, Italy, United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Spain.Colour slide in a mount. Radio House and Concert Hall (now houses the Royal Danish Academy of Music), 1938-45, Copenhagen, Denmark. (Architect: Vilhelm Lauritzen.)Copenhagen / Radioh / Radio House & Concert Hall / Arch. Vilhelm Lauritzen / 1938-45 (All Handwritten)haddon travelling scholarship, haddon, robin boyd, slide

This gum leaf painting is one of a pair displayed on foil in the same frame. It is typical of many paintings by the self-taught Australian artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, a well-known Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and camped on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skillful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.An oil painting on gum leaf by the well-known Australian artist Alfred William Eustace. He was a self-taught artist during the 19th and early 20th century and a prominent resident of Chiltern. Oil painting on gum leaf by Alfred William Eustace. A scene of a log cabin on Black Dog Creek Road, Chiltern, with Skeleton Hill in the background. The canvas is a juvenile Red Box (Eucalyptus polyanthemos) leaf. It is one of a pair of Eustace gum leaf paintings mounted on gold foil, under glass in a brown frame. Inscription on back. Labels on back: Rehoused by The Centre for Cultural Materials/ Conservation, University of Melbourne "Oil on Gum Leaf"/ by Alfred William Eustace/ Donor:- Cam & Connie Boadle/ Wales U.K. Crescent/ MUSEUM/ GRADE/ 24 OCT 1998/ CONSERVATION BOARD ALBURY/ PICTURE FRAMERS/ Shop 15 & 16/ AMP Lane,/ Albury, 2640/ Ph: 02 6021 7088black dog creek, chiltern, alfred eustace, skeleton hill, gum leaf, painting, eustace

Alfred William Eustace was a well-known self-taught Australian artist who spent his spare time painting the local landscapes in the Chiltern area. When not doing his work or painting, Eustace regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper "The Federal Standard". A collection of A. W Eustace's verse and other writings, written between 1845 and 1899, was presented to The Chiltern Athenaeum Trust by Cam Boadle, a grandson of A.W. Eustace, and his wife Connie. The Chiltern Athenaeum Trust created a booklet of some of his poetry which was published in 1992. Copyright for the booklet is held by Chiltern Athenaeum Museum 1992. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. A.W.Eustace was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederich of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth. Alfred William Eustace made a valuable contribution to the culture of 19th century Chiltern and his booklet of Selected Verse gives us an insight into life during that time.22 page booklet of Selected Verse/ A.W. Eustace of Chiltern/ 1820-1907. Printed on thick cream paper with a copy of an oval photograph of the author.a. w. eustace, selected verse, chiltern

This is one of a set of 3 miniature oil paintings by the self-taught artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, an Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush and painted on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. He became known as the "Bush Artist." About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth. Miniature oil painting of a landscape, with creek in foreground and bush and hill behind, by A.W. Eustace, under glass, in original timber frame with beige matte and a twist wire stand. One of 3 miniatures. No signature visiblealfred eustace, chiltern, oil painting, landscape

This is one of a set of 3 miniature oil paintings by the self-taught artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, an Australian artist and taxidermist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.Miniature oil painting of a landscape, with creek and grassland in foreground surrounded by bushland and hill in distance, by A.W. Eustace, under glass in original timber frame with beige matte and a twist wire stand. One of 3 miniatures. No signature visiblealfred eustace, oil painting, landscape, chiltern

This is one of a set of 3 miniature oil paintings by the self-taught artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, an Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.Miniature oil painting of a landscape with creek and surrounding trees by A.W. Eustace, under glass, in original dark brown timber frame with beige matte and a twist wire stand. One of 3 miniatures. Sticker on back: 188 (original Registration number)alfred eustace, chiltern, oil, landscape

This is a colour photograph of a gum leaf painting that is one of many done by the well-known self-taught Australian artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, an Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.Colour photograph of an oil painting on gum leaf by A.W. Eustace. A man is panning for gold in a stream with a house and hills in the background. Under glass in a decorative gilt and cream coloured plastic frame.Hand writing on tape at back of frame: COPY OIL ON GUM LEAF 10" x 5" A W EUSTACE owned by Betty & Alf Brownlie 2260alfred eustace, gum leaf painting, chiltern, gold panning, gold

This colour photograph of a gum leaf painting shows one of the many landscapes done by the well-known self-taught Australian artist Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907). A.W. Eustace, an Australian artist and taxidermist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.Colour photograph of an oil painting on gum leaf by Alfred Eustace. Landscape featuring a deep creek surrounded by thick bushland displayed against dark brown backing paper which has a gilt oval surround to highlight the painting. Under glass, in a gold and dark brown metal frame.Sticker on back: 189. (the original registration number)alfred eustace, gum leaf painting, landscape

This black and white photograph of the grave of A.W. Eustace is believed to have been taken in September 1987 at the Chiltern New Cemetery. Alfred William Eustace, an Australian artist, was born in the small village of Ashbury, Berkshire, England, the son of John Eustace, Head Game-keeper to the Earl of Craven at the beautiful Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and camped next to the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was owned by the Withers family and was in excess of 55,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush painting on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skillful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that are in the Beechworth Museum collection are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by his relatives from the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.A. W. Eustace, as well as being a well-known Australian artist, was a significant member of the Chiltern community.Black and white photograph of the grave of A.W. Eustace, under glass, in a metal frame.Sticker on back: 184 (original Registration number)a. w. eustace, grave, chiltern new cemetery

Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907), an Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and camped beside the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush and painted on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. He became known as the "Bush Artist." About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skilful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth. A.W. Eustace was a significant member of the Chiltern community during the 19th century and his artwork was displayed widely, even in European royal homes.Copy of sepia photograph of A.W. Eustace in a brown wooden oval frame with a copy of A.W. Eustace's signature across the bottom of the photograph.Sticker on back: 194 Sticker on back: MADE IN/ CHINA/ FABRIQUE 'AU/CHINEa.w.eustace, photograph, chiltern

These copies of five oil on gum leaf paintings by Alfred William Eustace (1820-1907) display the subjects and detail of his small gum leaf paintings. A.W. Eustace, a well-known Australian artist, was born in Berkshire, England, where he was an assistant gamekeeper to the Earl of Craven at Ashdown Park. He migrated to Australia with his wife and children in 1851 and worked on the Ullina and Eldorado Runs on the Black Dog Creek at Chiltern, which was in excess of 50,000 acres of grazing land. A.W. Eustace was employed as a shepherd by Jason Withers and while tending his flocks in the solitude of the bush, Eustace turned his attention to painting and music to while away the long and weary hours. He endeavoured to capture the spirit of the bush and painted on board, canvas or tin plate, but as these materials were not always readily available he then started painting on large round eucalyptus leaves from the White and Red Box trees that grew around about him. He became known as the "Bush Artist." About 1856 he painted a small picture of the famous Woolshed goldrush and during the next few years became well known in North-East Victoria. John Sadlier, a police officer stationed at Beechworth said that Eustace painted 'some really exquisite scenes. He was of an easy-going dreamy temperament, a student of nature only, despising the works of men. Unfortunately his drawings were on eucalyptus leaves, the largest and roundest he could find and not on canvas, and no doubt have all perished long ago.' In 1876 the Melbourne Age newspaper reported, 'Eustace’s celebrated paintings on gum leaves are again attracting attention,…Mr Eustace is an elegant artist…he seems without effort to catch the colour and spirit of Australian scenery…' In 1864 A.W. Eustace held an Art Union in Albury, and again in 1884 in Ballarat. He exhibited at the Victorian Academy of Arts in 1877 and also held an exhibition of gum leaf paintings at Stevens Gallery, Melbourne in 1893. By 1896 he was receiving orders from heads of states in Europe, with his works acknowledged by Queen Victoria, Emperor Frederick of Germany and the Czar of Russia, as well as the Governors of New South Wales and Victoria. His paintings reflected his ability to paint the sky in his realistic style which is still noted by art critics of the day. A.W. Eustace was also a skillful taxidermist. The collection of birds and animals that can be seen at the Beechworth Museum are examples of his taxidermy skill. When not doing his work, painting or taxidermy, he regularly contributed letters and verse to the Chiltern newspaper, The Federal Standard. A book of verse in his hand writing was presented to The Athenaeum Trust by the Boadle family. In the 1870’s he became interested in spiritualism often being involved in lively debate at lectures and séances. Alfred William Eustace died in 1907 and is buried in the Chiltern New Cemetery with his wife Sarah and one of his daughters, Elizabeth.Alfred William Eustace was a well-known self-taught Australian artist who was known worldwide for her unique oil on gum leaf paintings. He was also a prominent Chiltern citizen.Copies of five A.W.Eustace oil paintings on gum leaf, under glass, displayed on blue paper in a black metal frame.alfred eustace, gum leaf painting, chiltern

Karl Duldig carved this marble sculpture of a mask in the Vienna Kunstgewerbeschule (School of Applied Arts) in 1921. His teacher, Anton Hanak, the Professor of Sculpture at the School, encouraged him to carve directly into the stone. It was an accomplished work for the 19 year-old student and was selected by Hanak to represent the students of the School at the Deutschen Gewerbeschau (German Applied Art exhibition) in Munich in 1922, an early accolade for the young artist. The sculpture and another Kneeling Nude were reproduced in the journal Deustche Kunst and Dekoration in 1923-24 in an article on the Hanak-Klasse. In 2011 Mask was exhibited in the National Gallery of Victoria exhibition Vienna: Art and Design. The sculpture is one of ten substantial sculptures in marble and stone, and a larger group terracotta sculptures and masks, portrait busts and small stone sculptures created by Karl Duldig in Vienna that are held in the Museum collection. These art works are complemented by an archive of contemporary documents including letters, photographs, documents and ephemera. In 1938 Duldig’s Viennese sculptures were sent to Paris in 1938 for a proposed exhibition, and were hidden in Paris by Slawa Duldig’s sister Rella, throughout the Second World War, and arrived in Australia post-war over 5 decades. Karl Duldig was a student of the Kunstgewerbeschule from 1921 until 1925, and then attended the Akademie Der Bildenden Künste (Academy of Fine Arts) from 1929 until 1933. He was accepted into the Professor Josef Mullner’s “Meisterschule” at the Academy of Fine Arts from 1929 until 1933. His teacher at the Kunstgwerebeschule was Austria’s foremost contemporary sculptor Anton Hanak, and he was a formative influence on Duldig’s work. Hanak had been a member of Viennese Secession, and worked with Josef Hoffman on architectural commissions prior to the First World War. Hanak shared both his love of the expressive quality of materials and a humanist vision with his students. Various writers have written about Duldig’s interest in masks. His interest may have been stimulated by his classical education, the Greek and Roman antiquities in the Kunsthistoriches Museum in Vienna, or the ethnological collections in Vienna’s Museum of Ethnology (now known as the Weltmuseum). The mask was a motif explored by expressionist and cubist artists whose work was exhibited at the Vienna Secession. Duldig would have been familiar with the psychological investigations of the neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud, who established his practice in Vienna. In the Duldig Studio library, Duldig’s keen interest in the arts of a myriad of visual cultures is apparent. Of particular note are two well-thumbed copies Rudolf Utzinger’s, Masken, published by Ernst Wasmuth in Berlin in 1923, depicting masks from around the world. It is likely that a multitude of influences were at play. Slawa Duldig also worked with this motif, and also carved a smaller mask in Salzburg marble as well as a remarkable mask in clay, and these are held in the collection. Ann Carew 2016The Mask has national and international aesthetic significance. It is one of the earliest works by Karl Duldig in the Studio collection, and is a subject that he would continue to explore throughout his working life. The sculpture demonstrates a high degree of technical skill and mastery at an early age. It is evidence of Duldig’s engagement with the art of his peers during this period – the mask is a motif that inspired contemporary expressionist and cubist artists. It also demonstrates his interests in portraiture, human psychology, and the creation of identity and transformation of personalities. The Mask also provides an important link to the studio practice in the Vienna Kunstgwerbeschule, the teaching of Anton Hanak, and the program of international art exhibitions in Europe during the period. It is also of historical significance: the story of its survival and eventual recovery provides a counterpoint to the story of the Nazis’ confiscation of art during the Second World War. Ann Carew 2016Carving in Salzburg Marble. Holes for eyes and mouth cut through the block. Highly polished finish at front contrasting with rough finish at back and stylised curled hair. Marble base separate (75 x 275 x 198, wt 9000) and added later by artist. Karl Duldig 1921 incised on back

Slawa Horowitz-Duldig) was both an artist and a designer, and both aspects of her practice are represented in the collection. There is an archive of approximately 255 drawings by Slawa dating from 1917 until 1922. Slawa’s sketchbooks from this period provide an insight into her early training and demonstrate the artist’s early interest in portraiture. A number of the drawings have been framed, but the majority remains 'in situ'. Slawa was a student at the Viennese Kunstschule für Frauen und Mädchen (the Viennese Art School for Women and Girls) (KFM) from 1917 until 1921, and in 1922 she became a student of Anton Hanak. The KFM School had been established in 1897 as a private school, and it was highly regarded both for its teaching staff and academic curriculum. By 1918 it had introduced stringent admission policy similar to those of the Austrian Academy of Fine Arts, and obtained government funding for its academic program, and began to focus on students seeking to pursue careers as professional artists. In 1921 when Slawa applied to the Austrian Academy of Arts for a place in its program, her application was unsuccessful, as her work was considered advanced, and a place in the third or fourth year of the program was not available. In 1922 she became a private student of Anton Hanak. Many of the portrait images from this early period concentrate on capturing the physical appearance of the face of the model. A number of these studies, in which the subject is not identified, display an academic approach to the genre. Her technical skills in capturing precise facial features of the model, the expression of eyes and the texture of hair are evident. These drawings were perhaps completed in the studio of the KFM School. There are also portraits of friends and family members, including her sister Rella and others, perhaps parents and grandparents, who have yet to be identified conclusively. It is these images of family and friends that particularly demonstrate Slawa’s confidence with pen, charcoal and crayon on paper. Amongst the group are several portraits that indicate the artist’s interest in conveying the inner psyche of a subject, as well as capturing a likeness. Ann Carew 2016The drawings from this period give us an insight into the artist’s early training, and the teaching methods of Viennese Kunstschule für Frauen und Mädchen, one of the first professional art schools for women in Vienna. The drawings and sketchbooks have artistic, interpretative and research significance as records of the art education of women in Vienna in the early 20th century. Ann Carew 2016Charcoal over pencil sketch on paper of Slawa's sister Rella.Artist signature in the bottom left corner.

Taken by an unknown photographer. This early photograph of Slawa Horowitz-Duldig was probably taken while she was still a student at the Kunstschule für Frauen und Mädchen (Art School for Women and Girls) in Vienna. In this ‘staged’ image Slawa presents herself as a painter, equipment at hand. Slawa had intended to continue her painting studies at the Academy of Arts but became a private sculpture student of Secessionist sculptor Anton Hanak at the Kunstgewerbeschule (School of Applied Arts) the following year. This early photograph is part of a collection of photos, drawings, sculptures and paintings which document the art training system for women in Vienna between the wars. art school for women and girls, anton hanak

This photograph of Slawa Horowitz-Duldig was taken while she was a private student of Secessionist sculptor Anton Hanak. It was taken in his studio in the Prater, possibly by Karl Duldig. Slawa is standing next to her masterwork in marble, 'Kneeling female figure'. This sculpture and others completed later by her as a student at the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna, were left when the Duldigs fled in 1938, hidden by a friend and subsequently lost.One of a number of photographs taken when Karl Duldig and Slawa Horowitz- Duldig were sculpture students in Vienna in the 1920s, these are a significant record of the art training system offered in Austria between the wars.

The view is taken from the cnr of Lydiard & Sturt Street circa 1870-1880 from the Premier Album of Ballarat Views. The Academy of Music is now Her Majesty's Theatre.academy of music, ballarat art gallery, club hotel, streetscape, her majesty's, hotel, entertainment, premier album of ballarat views

The statue of Perseus has been removed since this photograph was taken.Colour photograph of the Ballarat State Offices / Court House in Camp Street, Ballarat. This building is now part of the Federation University Arts Academy.art deco, statue, ballarat, camp street, state office, ballarat court, perseus