Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. Narrow roads were cut in the steep hillsides. Here is a coach in Flour Bag Cutting. Picture show that the cutting is on a very steep incline. There are at least ten men and four horses in the photo. Markings: 19 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. Bullock drays were used when possible and later came the teamsters with the covered wagons. Picture shows 3 covered wagons pulled by teams of eight horses. Men with the wagons. On a track carved into a mountain. Markings: 13 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. For many years the residents of Walhalla agitated for a railway. At last, in 1910, a narrow gauge line from Moe was completed. It has been recorded that ''the railway line came just in time to take the people out of Walhalla''. Markings: 23 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. The township took it's name from one of the mining leases which was called Walhalla. In Scandinavian mythology, Valhalla was the last resting place of the heroes slain in battle. How suitable the name was for this beautiful remote valley! Markings: 14 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. This picture shows why so many horses were needed in a team. Picture shows 12 horses in this team pulling a covered wagon up a steep incline. On the 4th pair of horses sits a man helping to control the team. Markings: 22 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. Walhalla is an example of a town which depended entirely on gold production for its continued prosperity. When gold production ceased in1914. there was no other form of employment for the mining community, and the population rapidly decreased. This busy mining town became a ''ghost town''. Markings: 4 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. Walhalla Railway station. These buildings were removed when the rail service was discontinued. Picture shows 2 lines coming in and 2 lines off to the side, a building on one side with platform which is on the same level as the rails. Passengers would have needed to climb up into the carriages. Markings: 23 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Diggers and miners. Walhalla - Gold Town. Faster transport was provided by Cobb and Co. coaches, which operated between Moe and Walhalla. Picture shows a Cobb and Co. coach with 4 white horses outside a 2 story hotel. --kers Star Hotel. There are at least 9 people riding on the outside of the coach and more inside. Markings: 23 995 WAL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Happy Valley (Victoria) was originally called Lucky Woman's. it is a former gold mining town 28 kilometres south-west of Ballarat.Black and white photo of four men and three women outside the Happy Valley Post Office. One man sits on a horse which stands in front of a carriage. The post office sign includes E.R. - designating Edward VII as the ruling monarch. He sat on the throne from 22 January 1901 to 6 May 1910On front written in ink "Happy Valley Post Office"happy valley, happy valley post office

Walhalla is a historic gold mining town nestled in a scenic valley in the Victorian Alps. It is named for the German hall of fame, the Walhalla temple,Sepia image of the Victorian goldtown Walhalla.walhalla, mining, townscape, gippsland

Amherst is a former municipality and gold rush town situated near Talbot. It was destroyed by fire, with few remnants except the Amherst Cemetery at 235 Avoca Road, Talbot.Double storey house with iron lace decorative feature used as Amherst Hospital. A man props a bike against a wooden timber fence. em22, amherst hospital, amherst, talbot

Part of Holtermann Collection Ref FL1253748.Pleasant Creek Longfield Street Scene looking South. Hotels on left Camp Hotel, Constitution Hotel and Shamrock Hotel on other side of Seaby Street. Pleasant Creek Court House, Shire Hall and Literary Institute on Right. Smith's Store in distance on right, on other side of Seaby Street. One of the two gentlemen talking is Merlin's photographic assistant Charles Bayliss who toured the Victorian Gold towns producing photographs for American Australasian Photographic Company. From State Library NSW records, Holtermann's Collection. stawell, pleasant creek, hotels

Tarilta is a rural locality and former gold-mining town 12 km south of Castlemaine, 4 km north-west of Guildford and 3 km north-east of Vaughan. The last gold mining activity took place around the 1880s. It was originally Kangaroo Flat, being located where the Kangaroo Creek enters the Loddon River. It was surveyed and named in 1864. Gold was discovered at Tarilta in 1853. The Tarilta School was opened in 1860 in a Wesleyan chapel, and closed i n1925. In 1864 a township was surveyed and named Tarilta, the word being derived from an Aboriginal expression thought to mean kangaroo. In 1865 Bailliere’s Victorian gazetteer described Tarilta as being an alluvial and quartz gold-mining town with three quartz-crushing mills, three horse-puddling machines and two hotels. The elevated nature of the land around Tarilta made it accessible only by horse and dray, or on horseback. Colour photograph of Tarilta in Central Victoria. tarilta, central victoria, landcape

Stawell was known as a gold mining town. The Stawell Town Hall clock and tower were erected by Mrs Norman Kelly in memory of her late father Cr George Barnes, a councillor of the Borough of Stawell over a period of 47 years, and also her mother, the late Emma Barnes. 10 May 1939. The animated mining scene on the Stawell Town Hall was incorporated into the tower from a bequest by Emma Kelly. It was officially opened by Sir Henry Bolte on 06 October 1969.Colour photograph of the Stawell Town Hall, and details such as the mining logo and plaques.stawell, stawell town hall, mining, george barnes, emma barnes, emma kelly, henry bolte

This specimen was found in Harcourt, Victoria. Harcourt is a small historic gold rush town located in a valley at the foot of Mount Alexander (741 m) in the Central Highlands of Victoria. In recent times the goldrush origins of the town have been replaced by a district known for apples, cider and wine. The Traditional owners of Harcourt are The Dja Dja Wurrung people. Granodiorite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar. Granodiorite has greater than 20% quartz by volume, and between 65% and 90% of the feldspar is plagioclase. This piece is of significance due to its provenance in Harcourt, Vic. Granodiorite is commonly produced in volcanic arcs, and in mountain buildings where it emplaces as large batholiths in mountain roots. Granodiorite is the plutonic equivalent of dacite. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.Granodiorite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock similar to granite, but containing more plagioclase feldspar than orthoclase feldspar. According to the QAPF diagram, granodiorite has a greater than 20% quartz by volume, and between 65% and 90% of the feldspar is plagioclase.GRANDIORITE. / Locality: / Harcourt, Victoria / Other label: Geological survey / R S / Loc Harcourt quarries [?] Alexander / 1/4 Sheet. | 4 | Granite /granodiorite, granite, burke museum, harcourt, coarse-grained, igneous, plagioclase feldspar, orthoclase feldspar, quartz, mount alexander, the dja dja wurrung people, the traditional owners, central highlands of victoria, gold rush

The chair’s turned legs and bowed, spindle back are typical characteristics of the popular ‘Douglas’ chair, which descends from the long evolutionary line of ‘Windsor’ style cottage chairs. Also known as ‘Captains’ chairs, they were made on a large scale in England, America and Australia from around the 1860s in various timbers, with seats ranging from heavy pine to cane and in later models, plywood. Australiana expert, Peter Cuffley writes that they were just as much a part of Australia’s frontier experience as they were America’s; Holtermans’ 1872 photographs of the New South Wales gold towns show Douglas chairs, and they appear in illustrations of the exploits of the Kelly gang drawn in the late 1870s. Many Australians now are more likely to associate them with public offices and governments departments’. The chairs met the need for a degree of comfort and tough resilience under rough handling on hard floors. The Cape Nelson chair is known to have been used as a visitor’s chair, presumably in the head keeper’s office. No other examples of nineteenth century style chairs survive among the reliably provenanced furnishings in the five other lightstation collections. The chair complements the lightstation’s nineteenth century office desk and small number of other nineteenth century furnishings in the wider Parks Victoria lightstation collection, the majority of which are domestic items. The Douglas chair has first level contributory significance for its historical value and relative rarity as a lightstation office furnishing.The chair has turned legs and bowed, spindle back .

Diggers & Mining. Getting the Gold. Slide: In 1860, the Victorian Government began the construction of Reservoirs on some important gold fields. In that year, 29 small reservoirs were built (see next map); thereafter, more were constructed (there were 38 of them in 1868). These reservoirs supplied water to small gold fields towns, and to the gold mines in and near them. But pipes were laid to stand-pipes on nearby diggings (remember that by this time the number of independent diggers was declining rapidly) Markings: 71 994.LIF:4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Amherst, a former gold rush town, is located 13 kilometres south-west of Avoca on the Pyrenees Highway in the Pyrenees Shire in Victoria, Australia. It is 183 kilometres north west of Melbourne. The police station, in Camp Street, opened in 1853 and was originally in the District of Castlemaine. In 1857 it came under the District of Avoca, in 1858 the District of Carisbrook, in 1859 the District of Avoca, in 1866 the District of Maryborough, in 1879 the South Western District, and Central District in 1883. The station closed on 8 August 1892. In 1861 the station was staffed by 1 Mounted Constable, 1 Foot Senior Constable and 2 Foot Constables. Amherst "Outstation" opened in 1854 and was part of the Avoca District until it closed in 1856 An outstation was opened in 1854 and closed in 18561 photopolice stations; amherst police station

Colour photograph. Image shows two children looking at a gold cradle at Sandhurst Town, Bendigo. Man, dressed as miner, operating cradle. Written on back '10 March '80. Sandhurst Town Bendigo, Goldrush Gully Mine. 'Strike it Rich' 10.3.1980. Sandhurst Town near Bendigo, Vic by Roy J. Mitchell.Roy J Mitchellbendigo, tourism, sandhurst town

New Zealand Greenstone, also called Pounamu is found on New Zealand’s South Island in riverbeds and boulders, and colours vary depending on the source, but always include green tones. It is a form of the mineral nephrite, also known as jade, and is a tough stone with a crystalline structure, made up of calcium magnesium and iron silicate. Its hardness means it is ideal for carving, and has been used for this purpose throughout history, especially by the Maori people of New Zealand. Greenstone features heavily in Maori mythology, and the traditional name for the South Island, Te-Wai-Pounamu, literally translates to waters of greenstone. Wearing of Greenstone pendants with different carvings is practiced by Maori to represent connection to land and ancestors, or to endow the wearer with certain attributes. The sticker on the base of the specimen identifies it as a product of Hokitika Jade Company. The company, which was active in the 1970s, sold jade and greenstone specimens and ornaments. Hokitika, which started life as an 1860s gold rush town, is the origin of most nephrite found in New Zealand, and the centre of the Greenstone carving industry. The object has scientific and research potential as part of the Burke Museum's Geology Collection, and as and example of New Zealand Greenstone. It also has spiritual significance for it's role in Maori beliefs and communities, where it is both traditionally worn and features in mythology. As a valuable stone regularly used in carving and jewellery, it has aesthetic significance. Sticker on base: "N.Z. Greenstone/ a product of/ Hokitika Jade Coy."geological specimen, geology, geology collection, burke museum, beechworth, new zealand, greenstone, hokitika, nephrite, jade

This photograph is of old mine workings on the site of the Spring Creek diggings. Spring Creek is a contact zone for granite pluton and siltstones, shales and standstones; which has, over time, encouraged natural springs to form. Enriched with gold washed out of the surrounding granite, these alluvial deposits achieved fame from 1852 onwards as the Spring Creek Diggings sprang to life (not realised as geographically important until 1871). In Spring Creek that runs behind the main street of Beechworth, near the foot of Newtown Hill a pint pot of gold was discovered on one of these expeditions in 1852 by prospectors Baker and Strickland and the gold rush town of Spring Creek was formed. Australian gold rushes have always created a sense of independence and freedom; as do-it-yourself, off-grid, low-tech adventures. People of all backgrounds were drawn to the gold fields by the prospect of riches and adventure, but they also learned self-sufficiency and found freedom of expression. Industry boomed, new practices were adopted and social norms were upended. This image is of historical significance as it informs on the history of Australian gold mining. It represents the innovation that accompanied the mining industry and the importance of gold mining in town building and regional histories. Black and white rectangular photograph on unmounted board.gold mining, spring creek, mining, geography, geology

Basalt is a common igneous rock that composes most of the Earth's surface and can be found on the Moon and other rocky planets of the Solar System. It is generally composed minerals such as calcic plagioclase, clinopyroxene and iron ore which form grains that are indistinguishable to the naked eye. It can be dark grey or black in colouring and sometimes may contain holes left by gas bubbles. Most of the Earth's basalt was produced in environments such as oceanic divergent boundaries, oceanic hotspots, and mantle plumes and hotspots beneath continents. Basalt is commonly used in construction where it is crushed and used for multiple purposes such as concrete aggregate, road base, or railroad ballast. Thin slabs of basalt can also be cut and used for floor tiles, stone monuments, and building veneer. This particular specimen was excavated from Talbot in Victoria, which was a small gold mining town established in 1852. As basalt is a common rock, it is not specific to Talbot. However, this specimen can be assumed to be of the Cainozoic age due to previous geomorphic surveys of the area. This particular type of Basalt was used mainly for roads due to the durability of the rock.Basalt holds significance due to the continued use of the rock from historic until present times. The rock has been utilised for many types of construction and is still used for the same purposes today. Basalt also has significance to the Earth and other rocky planets of the Solar System as it makes up most of the planet's surface. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.A smaller than hand sized rock specimen which is dark grey in colour with small holes and white deposits across its surface.Geological survey / [illegible] /burke museum, beechworth, geological specimen, geology, basalt, basalt specemin, indigo shire, talbot, cainozoic, igneous rock

White invitation with gold printing. Card has City of Bendigo Coat of Arms at the top and the name of the Mayor, Cr and Mrs M. Giudice. The invitation is in the name of Mr & Mrs C Glover. The Ball was held in the Town Hall on Tuesday, June 24th, 1924. H. C. Ingleton Town Clerk. Gold printing with handwritten name. On the back is written C J Glover.document, invitations, mayoral ball, invitation, city of bendigo ball, cr & mrs m g giudice, mr & mrs c glover, h c ingleton