These pencils were supplied to the Orbost railway Station office to be used for clerical work. They were used by Victor Smithers who was the Assistant Station Master at Orbost from 1957 - late 1960's. He was also a reliever until the 1970's after which he returned to Ormond Station on the Frankston line where he worked until his death in 1979. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels. This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.Two coloured pencils. 2580.1 is a hexagonal blue pencil and has "Wolff's Emperor MADE IN AUSTRALIA". 2580.2 is a round red pencil with "Wolff's Fintorex MADE IN AUSTRALIA coloured copying". Both have "VICTORIAN RAILWAYS" marked in gold lettering on the sides. orbost-railway-station smithers-victor

This stamp was used at the Orbost Railway Station. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A stamp with a black plastic handle. The bottom is wood and the stamp rubber. It has "BRUTHEN 1879" on it."BRUTHEN 1879"orbost-railway-station

This stamp was used at the Orbost Railway Station. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels, This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A stamp with a red plastic handle and a white stamping face - "ORBOST FREIGHT DEPOT".VUESTAMP AUSTRALIAorbost-railway

The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels. This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A handsaw with a wooden handle and a metal blade with serrated teeth which continue around the nose of the blade.Marked V an upward pointing arrow Rsaw carpentry orbost-bairnsdale-railway orbost-railway-station

This box was used by Lindsay Thomson's mother, Annie M. Thomson for the transport of hen eggs from Orbost to Melbourne by rail - C 1940's -1950's. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels. This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost. A wooden box with two inside sections and a wooden lid which is secured on both ends by large nails/spikes which are fitted into a groove and are then turned. On front and back in black stencilled letters A M T O B container railway eggs

This item was used by Victorian Railways in 1980's. It was inserted onto the side of railway freight wagons. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost.A double -sided rectangular shaped label / sign, heavily laminated.Black print on light brown background. On one side : "MASS 31 tonnes LOADED; FROM NOWA NOWA; LIMESTONE TO APM SIDING; TRARALGON". On reverse : "EMPTY FROM TRARALGON; TO APM LIMESTONE SIDING ; NOWA NOWA".freight orbost-bairnsdale-railway

These are copies of an original video shot by Ray Barling on the day that the Orbost-Bairnsdale line closed in 1987. He used a hand-held video camera from his cabin on the train, The video was shown at the 2016 Centenary Exhibition in Orbost. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened in 1916 to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels. This item is associated with the history of the Orbost-Bairnsdale railway line and therefore reflects the role that the rail line played in the social and economic history of Orbost. On April 10 1916, the first scheduled train service left Orbost for Bairnsdale. The Bairnsdale-Orbost railway was opened to serve the agricultural and timber industry. Because of the decline in traffic and heavy operating costs, the line was finally closed in August, 1987. Orbost Railway Station was opened on Monday 10 April 1916 as the terminus of the Orbost railway line, and closed in 1987. The station was located on the west side of the Snowy River despite the town of Orbost being on the east side of the river, in order to save on the costs of a bridge over the river, which at the time had highly variable levels, The video was shown for the first time at the Centenary Exhibition held in Orbost, by the Orbost & District Historical Society, t created much interest leading to the production of the videos.Two copies of a D.V.D. titled"Last Train To Orbost 21 August 1987". The cover is a photo of the last train.rail-closure orbost-bairnsdale-railway

This Albion printing press was manufactured by Harrild & Sons of London and exported in 1868 from London to the colonial Western Victoria town of Coleraine, population of 700 at that time. It was installed in the Colerain Albion printing office. It was used to print the first edition of the Coleraine Albion newspaper in 1868 and continued until publication ceased in 1974. The Albion Press is still being used today by a volunteer printer in the “Examiners Office” in the village at Flagstaff Hill. Amongst the items produced are printed paper bags for the Tea Rooms and posters for visitors. ALBION PRINTING PRESS The Albion press was invented and manufactured in London by Richard Whittaker Cope around 1820 and was still being produced in the 1930s. The Albion was manufactured under licence by several companies from the 1850s onwards, one of which was Harrild & Sons of Fleet Works, London. Harrild & Sons describes its business as “printing materials manufacturer”. The business was established in 1807 by Robert Harrild and named R. Harrild & Co. In 1813 he showed that rollers could be used to ink a printing plate instead of inking balls, the method in use at the time. He then established a company to make the rollers. Eventually his company would make other printing materials and equipment. Robert’s sons joined him in the 1830s, when the company was renamed Harrild & Sons, and they continued to run the company after his death in 1853 and up until the mid-1900s. COLERAINE ALBION PRINTING OFFICE The Coleraine Albion Printing Office was established by W.L. Ambler. The first issue of the Coleraine Albion was dated 4th January 1868. Arrangements had been made to receive news from Melbourne, nearby provinces, other colonies and England. The second issue on 18 January 1868 printed articles from many agencies, including the Melbourne Age and the Warrnambool Examiner. The Albion office was sold to William Hatherleigh, formerly of Portland, in October 1868. Thereafter the Albion office had many owners. The last was L. A. & E. Oliver, who took over in January 1972 and was the last to be stated as printers and publishers of the Coleraine Albion. The office was wound up in 1974. The Albion Press and other equipment was distributed to Star printing in Terang. Star Printing donated the Albion press to Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village around 1980 and Stan Philp, owner of Philprint in Warrnambool, transported it to Warrnambool, brought it up to good working order and organised the supply of appropriate printer’s type. The Albion hand operated printing press is significant for producing the first newspaper in Coleraine, Western Victoria and continuing production for over 100 years. The Albion is technologically significant as a working example of a hand operated printer from the mid-19th century. The use of the printer is demonstrated by volunteers at Flagstaff Hill, printing items such as lolly and treat bays for use in the Village. The Albion is socially significant for its role in the isolated provincial colony, providing communication with the outside world, both in Australia and overseas. Newspaper printers were often amongst the first businesses of a small town. Printing press; hand operated Albion Press, Patent 2105. The machine has an upright iron frame at the back that supports the upper press that has a wooden handled metal bar is attached. The frame and legs support a thick metal flatbed. A metal leg supports the front of the press bed. The iron work is painted black with gold highlights. The decorative legs are finished with the golden feet of an animal. The frame above the metal bed includes a crown shaped finial symbol above the maker’s emblem. The maker’s details and the name of the printer are embossed on the upright frame. A plaque with the patent number is below a Lion and Unicorn emblem.Embossed maker’s emblem [A red cross - above a double ring – square inside ring – three banners below ring]. - Inside the double rings “PRINTING MATERIALS MANUFACTURE” - Inside the square, intertwined text “H & S” [representing Harrild & Sons] - Inside the three banners ““FLEET” “WORKS.” “LONDON.E.C.” Embossed across the shoulders “ALBION PRESS / HARRILD & SONS, / MAKERS LONDON.” Emblem above plaque [Lion and Unicorn] Embossed on the plaque “PATENT / 2105” Stamped into upright machine part above the printing bed “2105 / 1866” flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, albion press, printing press, 1866 printing press, printing equipment, communications, coleraine albion printing office, coleraine newspaper, albion newspaper, south west victoria newspapers, harrild and sons london, richard whittaker cope, star printing terang, philprint, coleraine albion, hand operated press

Formed in 1921, A.W Steane was the first president of the Ballarat Junior Technical School Ex-Students' Association which later became the Old Boys Association. The association conducted regular social evenings at the school in order to keep past students in touch with one another and to provide amenities for the school. Fund raising dances, smoke nights, film nights and visits to local industries were held. The Old Boys Association presented the Honour Blazer to the best all-round student at Speech Night until 1941 when a wallet bearing an O.A.B. badge was given as the prize. Then in the 1950s a two-year scholarship was instituted to attend the senior school. Donations were also given to purchase library books and sporting equipment. The major event held each year was the Annual Meeting held in July usually at the Wattle Tea Rooms where up to 100 past students would meet.Multiple gold coloured metal lapel pins with enameled face. 'Ballarat J T S' is set in green enamel, and the Old Boys Association is set in blue. The face is oval shaped with a banner across the bottom. These pins are carried in a cardboard box bearing the label of Stokes & Sons.On the front face - Ballarat J T S, Old Boys Association. Impressed into the back face - Stokesballarat junior technical school, ballarat junior technical school old boys association, stokes and sons, lapel pins

A 2 piece theatrical outfit, used by the Ormond Choral Society c 1950, which was formed by residents of the local area in order to provide artistic and musical entertainment and social activities for the community. Theatrical Societies were part of the community recreation for settlers in post World War 11 City of Moorabbin 2 piece Plum and peach coloured theatrical outfit consisting of a V shaped sleeveless top and loose, full length pants with elastic at waist worn by Ormond Choral Society for one of their productions ormond theatrical society, mckinnon, bentleigh, moorabbin, reed gladys, clark judy, clothing, actors, early settlers, post world war 11 estates,

Used in Port Melbourne Town HallTapering vertical polished wood frame (easel shape) made to hold wooden strips on which was written the names of the dances in the order in which they were to be performed. Hinged support at rear held board upright.arts and entertainment, social activities, port melbourne town hall

B&W photograph of the Myer Bendigo staff of the company's "Country Order Department". Undated the photograph shoes two males and seven female employees.social history, myer store

Index, bibliography, ill, p.192.non-fictionExamines Hitler's campaign to develop a militant new Reich in Germany.germany - social life and customs - 1933-1945, national socialism

Index, ill, p.386.non-fictionThis book records the achievements of our women for all time. It tells of bravery, self-sacrifice, endurance and devotion. When Patsy Adam-Smith wrote Australian Women at War in 1984, her aim was to tap into the memories of all the ‘brave, modest, forgotten women’ while they were still alive, in order to honour them. Now, for the first time, this iconic volume is republished for an entirely new generation of readers. This magnificent work is a history of how Australian women have responded to war – from 1900, when the first nurses sailed to the Boer War, to 1945 and its aftermath. Recording the achievements of our women for all time, it tells of their bravery, self-sacrifice, endurance and devotion. Australian Women at War is a tribute to Australian women. women - australia - social conditions, war - female participation

The service was conducted by Rev Dr D Grierson with the Installing Officer being Rev R F Giese. The Methodist Girls' Comradeship was formed in 1918 with the first Branch being in Bondi, NSW. There were three sections: Junior Rays, 8 - 11 years; Senior Rays, 11 - 15 years and Comrades, 15 years and over. The aims of the MGC was to "challenge young people with the saving power of Jesus Christ and provide avenues of christian service" and "to provide for the spiritual, social, physical and educational welfare of the members". The MGC's motto was "The Utmost for the Highest".Order of Service for a joint service of the Methodist Girls' Comradeship and Methodist Order of Knights for the Installation and Dedication of the Officers of General Grand Council and General Court at Wesley Church on Wednesday, 17th May, 1972 at 8pm. The document has both the MGC and MOK symbols on its cover. methodist order of knights, methodist girls' comradeship, rev dr d grierson, rev r f giese

The Methodist Girls' Comradeship was formed in 1918 with the first Branch being in Bondi, NSW. There were three sections: Junior Rays, 8 - 11 years; Senior Rays, 11 - 15 years and Comrades, 15 years and over. The aims of the MGC was to "challenge young people with the saving power of Jesus Christ and provide avenues of christian service" and "to provide for the spiritual, social, physical and educational welfare of the members". The MGC's motto was "The Utmost for the Highest". Buff envelope with the Methodist Girls' Comradeship and Methodist Order of Knights symbols and the words "WELCOME TO MELBOURNE"methodist order of knights, methodist girls' comradeship

The Methodist Girls' Comradeship was formed in 1918 with the first Branch being in Bondi, NSW. There were three sections: Junior Rays, 8 - 11 years; Senior Rays, 11 - 15 years and Comrades, 15 years and over. The aims of the MGC was to "challenge young people with the saving power of Jesus Christ and provide avenues of christian service" and "to provide for the spiritual, social, physical and educational welfare of the members". The MGC's motto was "The Utmost for the Highest".White and blue paper folded pamphlet/poster with information about the Methodist Girls' Comradeship and Methodist Order of Knights. Information includes their laws, promises, pledges, mottos, sections and uniform. The pamphlet/poster has two posters showing members' uniforms.methodist order of knights, methodist girls' comradeship

Senior Awards: Green Degree of Service bar; Red Degree of Sacrifice bar; Local Court Silver Star; 10 year service badge; Camp Cooking and Management badge; Director or Leader badge; First Aid and Ambulance badge; Gymnastics and Athletics badge; Camping badge; Life Saving badge; Minstrel badge; Teacher badge. Regalia and Uniform Symbols: Gold General Court; High Court; Bishop; Past Commander; Commander; Deputy Commander; Dean; Chief Knight; Chancellor; Companion; Provost Marshall; Marshall; Entrance; Minstrel; Herald. Members Lapel Badges - three Junior Merit Badges: Physical; Social; Devotional; Educational; 2nd Class; 3rd Class; 4th Class.Methodist Order of Knights regalia and uniform symbols framed badge display. The teal blue frame is made from an old window frame with a glass front and plywood backing. It has twine for hanging on the back of the display."REGALIA & UNIFORM SYMBOLS"methodist order of knights

The overall objective of this report is to collate information about Aboriginal English in order to inform future staff training and resources for people working in the courts, including solicitors and magistrates. Features Radio National transcript from Lingua Franca program, and content by Diane Eades.tables, sample legal letters, pamphlets, information cardaustralia -- trials, litigation, etc. english language -- dialects -- australia. aboriginal australians -- social life and customs. law -- australia -- language -- handbooks, manuals, etc. aboriginal australians -- criminal justice system.

Mediating conflict in the age of Native Title Peter Sutton (The University of Adelaide and South Australian Museum) Mediators have played roles in managing conflict in Aboriginal societies for a long time. This paper discusses some of the similarities and differences between older customary mediator roles and those of the modern Native Title process. Determinants of tribunal outcomes for Indigenous footballers Neil Brewer, Carla Welsh and Jenny Williams (School of Psychology, Flinders University) This paper reports on a study that examined whether football tribunal members? judgments concerning players? alleged misdemeanours on the sporting field are likely to be shaped by extra-evidential factors that disadvantage players from Indigenous backgrounds. Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australian Football League (AFL) players, matched in terms of their typical levels of confidence and demeanour in public situations, were interrogated in a mock tribunal hearing about a hypothetical incident on the football field. The specific aim was to determine if the pressures of such questioning elicited behavioural differences likely to be interpreted as indicative of testimonial unreliability. Mock tribunal members (number = 103) then made judgments about the degree to which a number of behavioural characteristics were evident in the players? testimonies. Under intense interrogation, Indigenous players were judged as presenting less confidently and displaying a greater degree of gaze aversion than non-Indigenous players. These behavioural characteristics are commonly ? and inappropriately ? used as cues or heuristics to infer testimonial accuracy. The paper discusses the implications for Indigenous players appearing at tribunal hearings ? and for the justice system more broadly. Timothy Korkanoon: A child artist at the Merri Creek Baptist Aboriginal School, Melbourne, Victoria, 1846?47 ? a new interpretation of his life and work Ian D Clark (School of Business, University of Ballarat) This paper is concerned with the Coranderrk Aboriginal artist Timothy Korkanoon. Research has uncovered more about his life before he settled at the Coranderrk station in 1863. Evidence is provided that five sketches acquired by George Augustus Robinson, the former Chief Protector of Aborigines, in November 1851 in Melbourne, and found in his papers in the State Library of New South Wales, may also be attributed to the work of the young Korkanoon when he was a student at the Merri Creek Baptist Aboriginal School from 1846 to 1847. Developing a database for Australian Indigenous kinship terminology: The AustKin project Laurent Dousset (CREDO, and CNRS, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales), Rachel Hendery (The Australian National University), Claire Bowern (Yale University), Harold Koch (The Australian National University) and Patrick McConvell (The Australian National University) In order to make Australian Indigenous kinship vocabulary from hundreds of sources comparable, searchable and accessible for research and community purposes, we have developed a database that collates these resources. The creation of such a database brings with it technical, theoretical and practical challenges, some of which also apply to other research projects that collect and compare large amounts of Australian language data, and some of which apply to any database project in the humanities or social sciences. Our project has sought to overcome these challenges by adopting a modular, object-oriented, incremental programming approach, by keeping metadata, data and analysis sharply distinguished, and through ongoing consultation between programmers, linguists and communities. In this paper we report on the challenges and solutions we have come across and the lessons that can be drawn from our experience for other social science database projects, particularly in Australia. A time for change? Indigenous heritage values and management practice in the Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes region, South Australia Lynley A Wallis (Aboriginal Environments Research Centre, The University of Queensland) and Alice C Gorman (Department of Archaeology, Flinders University) The Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes in South Australia have long been recognised under the Ramsar Convention for their natural heritage values. Less well known is the fact that this area also has high social and cultural values, encompassing the traditional lands and waters (ruwe) of the Ngarrindjeri Nation. This unique ecosystem is currently teetering on the verge of collapse, a situation arguably brought about by prolonged drought after decades of unsustainable management practices. While at the federal level there have been moves to better integrate typically disparate ?cultural? and ?natural? heritage management regimes ? thereby supporting Indigenous groups in their attempts to gain a greater voice in how their traditional country is managed ? the distance has not yet been bridged in the Coorong. Here, current management planning continues to emphasise natural heritage values, with limited practical integration of cultural values or Ngarrindjeri viewpoints. As the future of the Coorong and Lower Murray Lakes is being debated, we suggest decision makers would do well to look to the Ngarrindjeri for guidance on the integration of natural and cultural values in management regimes as a vital step towards securing the long-term ecological viability of this iconic part of Australia. Hearts and minds: Evolving understandings of chronic cardiovascular disease in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations Ernest Hunter (Queensland Health and James Cook University) Using the experience and reflections of a non-Indigenous clinician and researcher, Randolph Spargo, who has worked in remote Aboriginal Australia for more than 40 years, this paper tracks how those at the clinical coal-face thought and responded as cardiovascular and other chronic diseases emerged as new health concerns in the 1970s to become major contributors to the burden of excess ill health across Indigenous Australia. The paper cites research evidence that informed prevailing paradigms drawing primarily on work in which the clinician participated, which was undertaken in the remote Kimberley region in the north of Western Australia. Two reports, one relating to the Narcoonie quarry in the Strzelecki Desert and the other concerning problematic alcohol use in urban settings.maps, b&w photographs, colour photographs, tablesstrzelecki desert, native title, timothy korkanoon, merri creek baptist aboriginal school, austkin project, coorong, lower murray lakes district, south australia, indigenous health

Third Class tests were set for Pages 10 and 11 years old. Social required Pages to: Assist at a Church social function; Assist at Sunday School, Home or Overseas Missions Appeals by asking for contributions; take part in a working bee. [Methodist Church of Australasia Methodist Order of Knights Commanders' Handbook pg 23-24]Four round 3rd Class Social merit badges. Green background with blue embroidery. New.methodist order of knights

Used for collection animal fat in order to make candles.Very heavy large rusty round pan with a handle and blunt metal spikes. Around the edge is a narrow lip with a small pouring spout.social history, candles, farms, equipment, george evans collection

The hotel was an important social hub which burnt down in 1965. In order to rebuild a committee was co ordinated with the intention of re-building the hotel and running it as a co-operative. Significant as this document records the plan to rebuild the hotel, including costings. Ultimately the plan did not proceed but provides an insight into the value of the hotel perceived by the town. People involved include the vendor of the land, D.W.G. (Des) Moore; and committee members who probably included Tom Austin, Des Moore, Wokka Moore, possibly Rod Calvert. (TBC)A4 photocopy of the original committee minutes.peterborough, peterborough hotel, peterborough house, d.w.g moore, t. austin, warren moore

When he died in 2007, Wally Byrne, left a legacy of public service that many would be proud to emulate. Having served in the Royal Australian Navy in the Pacific during the Second War World War, Wally later joined the Victorian Civil Ambulance as an ambulance officer. In a career that spanned more than 35 years, Wally was based at Lonsdale Street, Latrobe Street and Fairfield. He became Station Officer at the busy Latrobe Street before moving into the Mobile Intensive Care Ambulance (MICA) system. Promoted to District Officer he became officer in charge of communications and served in this role until his retirement. Chas Martin, one of Wally’s communications staff at Latrobe Street, recalled that Wally was an efficient and well liked manager. He was also a very social person. Having purchased a block of land at Christmas Hills, Wally and his family hosted regular weekend BBQ’s there for his communications staff, other ambulance officers, and their families. Wally’s son Jon, later joined Ambulance Victoria, became a paramedic and now holds a senior role in the organisation. Light green certificate white St John Ambulance logo top left corner.THE VENERABLE ORDER OF THE HOSPITAL OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM THE PRIORY IN AUSTRALIA