This specimen was recovered from Wonthaggi in Victoria. Coal is a sedimentary rock which is composed of peat after it has been exposed over millions of years. This is an example of Australian black coal which is used as either thermal or coking coal for electricity generation or manufacturing processes. It is predominantly composed of Carbon which is 'C' on the periodic table of elements. This early example of a coal sample, shows the important role that coal played/plays in Australia's energy generation and manufacturing processes. This specimen is part of a larger collection of geological and mineral specimens collected from around Australia (and some parts of the world) and donated to the Burke Museum between 1868-1880. A large percentage of these specimens were collected in Victoria as part of the Geological Survey of Victoria that begun in 1852 (in response to the Gold Rush) to study and map the geology of Victoria. Collecting geological specimens was an important part of mapping and understanding the scientific makeup of the earth. Many of these specimens were sent to research and collecting organisations across Australia, including the Burke Museum, to educate and encourage further study.Small piece of black coal with museum original labelGeological survey / R..... S...../ Locality Cape Patterson coal specimen, burke museum, geological survey of victoria, geological specimen, geology

Written in February 1966, this is a letter from the editor or a journalist to a child who had brought a weak young Little Penguin into the office of the Express newspaper in Wonthaggi. February is the time that adult penguins have what is known as a “catastrophic moult" when they lose all of their feathers within a week or 2 and cannot go to the sea to fish. Any chicks left in the burrow will not be fed and need to go to sea themselves to feed. Some are just not strong enough or have mature feathers to do this and perish. Bert West was a Phillip Island resident and manager at the Penguin Parade, who was very knowledgeable about Little Penguins and was able to explain this to the journalist who then wrote the letter. Presumably the photograph had been in a previous edition so this item in the form of a letter to Simon would be a follow up to the original article. This cutting is significant because it indicates that this Little Penguin had been fishing in the Cape Paterson area, and possibly was not able to find sufficient food there. It also indicates that there was apparently no process in place for dealing with weak birds found by the public. Neither the child nor the photographer knew any better than to allow the child to interfere with or hold a sick Penguin as shown in the photo. That is definitely no longer recommended, as we now know that handling a sick bird in that way is very stressful to them and can contribute to poor outcomes for them. Very poor photocopy of single column with large photo of boy holding penguin under textTHE EXPRESSphillip island, penguin parade, cape paterson, bert west, wildlife care, little penguin

This was held on the centenary of European settlement of Phillip Island. It mentions the discoveries of Aboriginal artefacts on the Island.Historical2 A3 photocopied pages of a newspaper article from The Powlett Express Wonthaggi, June 5 1942 on the Centenary of Phillip Island and the formation of the Historical Society at Erehwon, the home of Cr and Mrs Davie on May 25 1942. Speakers included Mr & Mrs Hardy [McHaffie], Captain E. Dixon, Mr J. Gliddon, Mr W. Kennon and Mr J. Grayden.The Powlett Express Wonthaggi and Victorian State Coalfields Advertiser. One Hundred Years Of Progress Phillip Island Centenarycentenary celebrations 1942, phillip island and westernport historical society, centenary gathering at erehwon, cr dawson davie, j w gliddon, mchaffie, r. grayden, powlett express 1942, aboriginal artifact

Used by Fred Oldaker in S.C.M to carry sticks of dynamiteRectangular tin, painted black with hinged lid

One of two types of four wheel skips widely used on the Wonthaggi Coal Fields for transportation from the underground workings to the surface screening and loading areas. Haulage underground was accomplished by the use of pit ponies, whilst an endless rope system was used to bring the skips to the surface areas. Much of the coal for the colony of Victoria was sourced from Newcastle and the Hunter Region in New South Wales, along with local supplies from private and co-operative coal mines at Outtrim, Jumbunna and Korumburra in Gippsland. After the 1909–1910 strike by coal miners in the Hunter Valley, the Victorian state government were determined to ensure stability in local supplies of coal. The State Coal Mine and the town of Wonthaggi came into being in 1910 to supply coal for the Victorian Railways. It was one of the largest and most dangerous collieries in Australia. At its peak in 1926 the mine produced 2,435 long tons (2,474 t) per day, with the Victorian Railways buying 90% of production. In 1928, Wonthaggi coal accounted for around 60% of Victorian Railways coal consumption.Historic - Industrial - Victorian Railways - Narrow Gauge Railway rolling stock - Wonthaggi Coal Fields, Victoria, AustraliaRectangular steel bin with wood frame and steel wheelspuffing billy, coal skip, wonthaggi, wonthaggi coal fields, 2'0" gauge, brown coal

Glassed fronted with black frame containing 2 telegrams dated 4/9/70 & 31/8/70 from the Telegraph Office in Blackburn, Vic. 3130. A newspaper article from The Age dated Monday 31/8/1970. Letterheaded Australian Redcross Society, Vic. Division.Foon's photographics (Wonthaggi) (? framed by them?)

A collection of articles all relating to Phillip Islanders.A collection of Press Cuttings relating to people, buildings, wildlife and history of Phillip Island. 358-01: Item relating to the Broadwater homestead being pulled down after 75 years. Mrs Oswin Roberts bought Broadwater in 1912 and made it a famous koala hospital in 1940 after fire swept Phillip Island. Mrs Roberts was given permission to keep a koala as a pet - called Edward who died in 1944. He now resides in the museum. 358-02: A letter to the Powlett Express dated 8/11/1940, from Mr Clarrie Taberner correcting an article that stated it was roughly 65 years since the first settler arrived. Mr Taberner pointed out the his mother-in-law was living on the island over 83 years ago. 358-03: An article (1942) about a table made for the Phillip Island and Westernport Historical Society from the limb of a cypress tree planted by the late J. D. McHaffie about 100 years ago. 358-04: An article in the Powlett Express about the proposed shift of the Speke Figurehead from the Cowes State School. The Figurehead now resides in the museum. 358-05: An article in the Powlett Express - July 6, 1961 - about the funeral of the late Mr Percy Herbert McFee of Rhyll. He died at 79 in the Warley Bush Nursing Hospital. Article tells of part of his life on Phillip Island. 358-06: An article in the Powlett Express - May 5, 1960 - telling about Mr Stan McFee who was at the 90th Anniversary of the Cowes church of England where he had been attending for 65 years. 358-07: An article in the Powlett Express - August 26th 1949 - telling about the life in a year of the "Mutton Birds of our Bass Strait". (Shearwaters) stan mcfee, percy mcfee, mrs oswin roberts, edward the koala, mutton birds, shearwaters, broadwater, st philip's church of england, speke figurehead, margaret rixon

Large motel and conference centre on The Esplanade, Cowes near Erehwon Point.Cardboard folded sheet with dark red writing. Information re opening on cover and menu inside. Commemorative Menu. Keith & Rhonda Jobe have pleasure in welcoming you to the official opening of the Continental Resort and Conference Centre by the Federal Treasurer. MR Phillip Lynch, M P. 6th June 1976. Architect: Kenneth Crosier & Associates Swan Street Richmond. Builder: Bruni & Bisogni Ltd. Cobram.continental guest house,, cowes, keith & rhonda jobe, phillip island accommodation, hotels

Cardboard brochure with details of the opening and menuSee Regis No. 388-01. Also signatures of attendees including Jean Archibald, Maisie Clements, Norman Archibald, Keith R. Clements, Douglas Pitt, Norma Pitt, Beryl Hollins, Stuart Hollinsdocuments- menu, continental guest house,, keith and rhonda jobe, hotels, local identities

Collection of Newspaper clippings from Scrap Book 1960 - 1973Photo and article on Phillip Island senior young Farmers Club film "Pirates on Phillip Island", made to be shown at the Newhaven Boys' Home.phillip island senior young farmers club, "pirates on phillip island" film, jean jamieson, gimi stoppa, rodney patten

Signed copy; Donated by C. McFee.natural history, victoria, phillip island, geology, nature, effect of human beings, conservation, natural resources

Used in State Coal Mine by Bill Tyrell'S' shaped hook with a sharp point on one end and two claws on the other.

Used in State Coal Mine by propman to oil cable and rollersApproximately 2 litre tin can with spout, rear fixed handle and top loose handle"W.T.S." on base in red paint

A. Part of thet G. Hadden colletion. B. Describes mining arithmitic and mining ventilation theory for mining students.A. Tate's Mining B. Hard Bound, Red Cover, Gold Lettering with 96 pages.Inside front cover: "G. Hadden Broome Cres Wonthaggi"

Document: letter and references for Mr Joseph Barsby applying for Mine manager position, references from various coal mines - Wonthaggi, Tasmania and Sydney.Mr Joseph Barsby.organization, business, gold mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet - mr joseph barsby.

The Powlett Express was based in Wonthaggi, precursor to The Sentinel Times. WDFL was the Wonthaggi and District Football League. Shops were Wonthaggi Shops team. This photo was prepared for inclusion in "Phillip Island in Picture and Story" by Gliddon but never used.HistoricalBlack and white photo of newspaper article The Powlett Express Thursday September 6, 1951. " Island won the greatest G-Final Island" "In Saturday's Grand-Final", "These were stars"phillip island football club 1951 premiers, joshua gliddon, the powlett express 1951, redda claringbould, wagner, bill jones

Set of five colour photos showing preparations at Cardinia Reservoir, Narre Warren East, to allow for water to be pumped up from the Wonthaggi Desalination plant in November 2010.

Original standard Clearance form.CLEARANCE No 1821 The Committee of the Wonthaggi Associates Bowling Club hereby grant Mrs M Russell a clearance to the Ringwood Bowling Club. Dated 13th October, 1959. Signed- Joan E Jones, Hon Secretary, Wonthaggi Bowling Club.

Colour photograph June Parsons riding bicycle other riders in background in Golf Links Road at finish in the Lions Ride for Sight event from Wonthaggi to Lakes Entrance Victorialions club, clubs, volunteering

see page 2 Lakes Post Newspaper 2 October 1991Colour photograph Jim Comber, after crossing finish line in Golf Links Road having competed in the Lions Club Ride for Sight event from Wonthaggi to Lakes Entrance. Victorialions club, volunteering

Multi-fold pictorial map of towns, railways and main roads east of Port Phillip Bay from Melbourne to Yarra Junction and south to Phillip Island and Wonthaggi, backed by details of main features and points of interest.Photo-Lithographed by Department of Lands and Survey, Melbourne, 2.8.1929.