Prior to road sealing works.Colour photographMarked 'F' on reverse.eltham, streets, road construction, wombat drive

Awarded to Alan Bowers (A236814) who was a R.A.A.F. dental mechanic who serverd during WWII including service in Darwin, and then continued in the R.A.A.F. for some years after the end of WWII The Royal Australian Air Force (and all Commonwealth Air Forces) Long Service and Good Conduct Medal: Awarded to NCOs and ORs of the RAAF (RAF, RCAF etc) for 15 years service. A cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). Officers are eligible for the award provided they have served a minimum 12 years in the ranks. The riband is dark blue and maroon with white edges. This medal ceased to be awarded in Australia in 1975 when it was replaced by the National Medal (and sbsequently the DFSM and DLSM) in the Australian system of honours and awards. http://www.heritagemedals.com.au/medals-1/service-long-service/air-force-long-service-and-good-conduct-medal.html History of the RAAF Dental Branch It took six years following the formation of the RAAF in 1921 for the first Dental Clinic to be established at Point Cook, Victoria. On 10th June 1927 Flying Officer James Carl Rosenbrock commenced work as an RAAF Dental Officer for the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. As personnel numbers were still relatively small, Rosenbrock was also responsible for the dental care of all Victorian RAAF units, which involved treating members at 1AD Laverton, as well as Air Force Headquarters at Victoria Barracks in Melbourne. As Army Dental Officers were currently caring for RAAF personnel at Richmond, NSW, the Senior Dental Officer of the 3rd Military District in Victoria (SDO 3MD) requested through the military board that a similar arrangement be established, where that the newly appointed RAAF Dentist provide part time dental services to the Army units stationed at Queenscliff. This was seen as an effective reciprocal arrangement, with both units having a Dental Officer in attendance for, in total, around 3-4 weeks a year. Rosenbrock continued to serve as the sole RAAF Dental Officer until the middle of 1933, when the Air Board asked for his service to be terminated following ‘behaviour unbecoming of a RAAF officer'. He had borrowed several sums of money, of around 40 Pounds or so, from junior ranks on base (as well as from the Regimental Sergeant Major) and had failed to pay the money back. He was replaced by a fellow Victorian, FLGOFF Norman Henry Andrews, on the 18th Sep 1933, who went on to become our first Director of Dental Services, and was instrumental in establishing the organisations and conditions of the Branch that are still present today. Through a fair amount of persistence and hard work on the part of Norman Andrews, the RAAF Dental Branch began to expand from 1937, with the introduction of 2 additional positions, at RAAF station Richmond, and at the FlyingTraining School at Point Cook. This gave the RAAF 3 uniformed Dental Officers, which was expanded to 5 in the months leading up to WW2. 4 of these Dental Officers were based in Victoria and 1 at Richmond, with the other two RAAF units being cared for by the Army (as in the case of Pearce in WA) or by civilians (as in Darwin). With the sudden increase in RAAF personnel required at the outbreak of WW2, the number of RAAF Dental Officers increased dramatically, from 5 in 1939, 28 in 1940, 64 in 1941, 147 in 1942, 193 in 1943, 219 in 1944, and peaking at 227 in 1945. RAAF Dental Officers were required to work in a variety of locations, both in and out of Australia. Between 1940 and 1942 a massive construction programme occurred, with new dental clinics being established around Australia. Priority was given to aircrew training units in order to get these personnel dentally fit for operational deployment, but Dental Officers could equally find themselves posted to recruit depots, fixed stations, medical clearance stations, mobile dental sections, and RAAF and civilian hospitals. RAAF Dental Officers were posted to the large dental centres at Ascot Vale (Vic) and Bradfield Park (NSW) when first appointed, where they received military and clinical training, before being deployed to their needed location. Mobile Dental Units When Japan entered the war in 1941, the rapid deployment of troops to northern operational areas with less than ideal dental fitness was extremely high. As a result, the RAAF deployed a range of mobile dental units, either alone or with medical sections, to support the increasing number of isolated deployed personnel within Australia and overseas. There were three types of mobile unit used: a. Mobile Dental Unit – relied on using either a semi-trailer to get around or by building a surgery directly on to the truck chassis, and installing hydraulic chairs, units, x-rays, and laboratory equipment. They were able to move around between small units, such as RAAF radar stations, where they could plug into the local power supply and work immediately. b. Transportable Dental Units – used for stops of longer duration, where field equipment was carried in panniers from one unit to another by road or rail and housed in whatever accommodation was available at the destination. They were often carried within Australia on Tiger Moths and Dakota aircraft. c. Itinerant Dental Units – in some areas, the dental equipment was installed at the RAAF unit and the Dental Officer and their staff would travel from unit to unit, using the equipment available at each location. RAAF Dental BadgeAs the war developed in Europe, it soon became obvious that the RAF Dental support was not capable of supporting the increasing numbers of RAAF aircrew that were being sent for service with the RAF, with only enough Dental Officers available to provide one to every 2000 men ( instead of the preferred 1 to 600). As a result, the RAAF provided a mobile dental unit, fitted out in a caravan and pulled by a Ford V8 Coupe, to travel around England in support of RAAF personnel at various squadrons. Some degree of tact was needed to ensure that the RAF did not take this as a comment on the treatment they were providing, but it proved successful in maintaining a satisfactory state of dental fitness in RAAF personnel, and a second mobile unit was soon dispatched. They were also set up with a laboratory on board as well as the surgery, which was a major difference between the RAF and RAAF, as the RAF did not provide dentures for their troops (the RAAF would, providing they had served for 6 years). In 1943 the RAF was no longer able to provide Dental support to Australian troops in the Middle East, which resulted in the need for a transportable dental unit to be deployed from Australia. It functioned in a similar manner to the RAF, by moving from one squadron to another. It served in the Middle East and Africa, from Cairo across North Africa, to Italy, and eventually back to England to treat returned prisoners of war. GPCAPT Norman Andrews The growth and development of the RAAF Dental Branch owes a debt to one man in particular, GPCAPT Norman Andrews. As the second RAAF Dental Officer to enlist on 18 Sep 1933, Andrews became the principal architect of the structure and organisation of the RAAF Dental Branch leading up to and during WW2. Until early 1940, the RAAF Dental Branch was administered by the Director of Medical Services (Air), which placed it under the control of the Army Medical staff. The Army would provide their Inspector of Dental Services for advice whenever needed. In April 1940, the RAAF Medical service separated from the Army, resulting in the control of the RAAF Dental Branch shifting back to the RAAF. Andrews became the first Director of Dental Services, when the position was created in 1943 as recognition of the higher profile the Dental Branch was now playing in the RAAF Medical service. Until this time, Andrews's title had been as the Dental Staff Officer to the RAAF Medical Service. Andrews was responsible for the establishment of the war-time structure of the Dental service, establishing new dental centres at all major bases, creating mobile and transportable dental units, ensuring the continual growth of the Branch, maintaining professional development of staff through the establishment of a professional journal, and by organising renowned lecturers to speak at RAAF bases. He also believed in visiting as many dental units as possible to see for himself what conditions were like and to talk first-hand to staff in remote units. His itinerary during the war years, both in and out of Australia, shows a large number of trips in a variety of modes of transport in order to reach remote areas where units were serving. He was promoted to GPCAPT in July 1944, as the numbers of Dental Officers soon peaked at 227 towards the end of the war (1 GPCAPT, 9 WGCDRs, 60 SQNLDRs, and 157 FLTLTs). After the war, with the reduction in RAAF personnel required in uniform, the Dental Branch also reduced its numbers significantly. By 1947 there were only 18 Dental Officers serving (many part-time), with 1 GPCAPT, 1 WGCDR, 10 SQNLDRs, and 6 FLTLTs, and only 13 by 1950. With the decrease in Branch personnel numbers, the ‘powers to be' saw fit to reduce the Director of Dental Service rank to WGCDR, and as a result Norman Andrews found that in order to continue serving in the RAAF he would have to wear a reduced rank. This appears to have been a contributing factor in his decision to discharge at the relatively early age of 43 and accept an administrative job as Director of the Victorian Government's School Dental Service. Norman Andrews holds the proud honour of being the founder of the RAAF Dental Branch, which during the war was instrumental in educating servicemen of the importance of dental health and maintaining the dental fitness of troops in a variety of areas. Dental Orderlies (Assistants) The dental orderly mustering was first introduced in 1937. Until that time, medical orderlies were assigned to assist the Dental officer with their duties. As early as 1931 it had been noted by both RAAF and Army Dental Officers working in Victoria and Richmond that a lot of the troubles they were having would be solved by appointing a permanent Dental Orderly. Often they would find that the medical orderly they were assigned was a different one each day, and as a result the administration and work in general was very inefficient. By 1937, with the increase in Dental Officers to 3, it was realised that a Dental Orderly mustering needed to be created. Dental Mechanics/Technicians Before WW2, dental laboratory work was provided by civilian laboratories, as most RAAF units were stationed around metropolitan areas. At this time, service personnel were still required to pay for their own dentures, unless they had served for six years or had their dentures damaged during performance of their duties. In July 1940, mainly in response to the development of more remote RAAF dental units and the increasing demand for dental prostheses, the Dental Mechanic mustering was established. Unfortunately there was a very limited pool of civilian dental mechanics to recruit from, and as a result the RAAF set up a training school at Laverton (which was later moved to Ascot Vale) in June 1941 which conducted an intensive 6 month course in Dental mechanics. Dental mechanics were quickly in demand. In all fixed and mobile dental units at least 1 Mechanic was supplied for each Dental Officer, and indeed the RAAF supplied Dental Mechanics throughout all its deployments, something the RAF were unwilling, or unable, to do. Two grades of dental mechanic existed: the Senior Mechanic (with the rank of NCO), who was competent in all phases of laboratory work; and the Junior Mechanic, who could only handle routine work and not more advanced denture work. The progression to Senior required a further trade test in techniques including setting up, clasp-forming, casting and backing teeth. During the course of the War, two special courses were held for Mechanics. The first, directed at senior mechanics so that they could instruct others, was in 1942 when Acrylic Resin was first introduced as a denture base material, as an alternative to the current option of vulcanite. Later, towards the end of the War, a ‘refresher' course was provided for those that had served for the greatest period of time in order to allow them retraining in techniques that they had not practised during their service and which were common in civilian life. This included cast base dentures, crowns and bridges, partial dentures, and retainers. Towards the end of the War, a course was held with WAAAF trainees to train them as Mechanics. However, as the War was soon to end they never had the opportunity to progress within the mustering to become Senior Mechanics. The RAAF Dental Branch has survived 75 years of turbulence, with reviews of its viability occurring regularly every few years from as early as 1937. The Branch continues to provide excellent service to the ADF community and, despite reduced manpower, will continue to play an important role in Air Force Health operations. http://www.defence.gov.au/health/about/docs/RAAFDental.pdf40cm cupro-nickel plated medal, the obverse features the sovereign's head, the reverse features the crown and eagle emblem of the RAAF (and RAF). A23814 BOWERS.A. A. F.r.a.a.f long service medal, r.a.a.f good conduct, r.a.a.f. dental service medal

Frederick HAYES enlisted in the 2nd AIF on 28.6.1940 Regt No VX41213 age 30 years. He embarked with the 2/24th Bn on 5.2.1941 and disembarked in the Middle East on 23.3.1941. The unit was soon in Tobruk. He was hospitalised on 27.7.1941 with Otitis Media a serious Ear Infection. he was returned to Australia disembarking on 23.5.1942. He was discharged from the Army on 2.5.1943 holding the rank of CPL in the 2/1st SEC Aust Kit Store. Records show he was entitled to 3 other medals including the Africa Star.Australian Service Medal, court mounted, no rear pin.VX41213 F HAYESmedals, military, history

This item is a useful reference tool.A 40 pp book on the history of Lakes Entrance. It has a bright orange cover with the title "Lakes Entrance - a short History & Tourist Guide" in black print above a black line drawing of a paddle steamer tied up to a jetty with other boats on the water. It depicts "the S.S. Bonang at Carpenter Street jetty".on front - F. Richardson

Hand tinted photo: photo of house in rural setting with autumn toned trees. Photo appears to have been taken at Daylesford or Hepburn Springs. House is small cottage, set in front of pine forest rising on hill to rear. Large eucalypts on right with road just evident on extreme right of photo.F. T. Kennedyplace, building, rural cottage

Black and white photo: Landscape view of farming land, with large dead tree in centre foreground. Sheep are grazing in paddocks, stand of eucalypts in background of photo. Picture was exhibited in Bendigo Agricultural Show, 1974. Photo is accompanied by First Prize Certificate, Bendigo Show 1974.F. T. Kennedyplace, landscape view, agricultural

The Early Days of the Woolshed. A history of the early days of Woolshed, Reid's Creek, and Sebastopol of the owners of the Ovens Goldfield, North Eastern Victoria.G. F. Craiggoldfields, gold woolshed, reid's creek, sebpol

Early days on Bendigo Author F.McKenzie Clarke Edited by Frank Cusack. The recollections of life on early Bendigo first appeared in the pages of the Bendigo Advertiser under the title 'The first discovery of gold at Bendigo' published by Queensberry Hill Press 86 pages. Cream colour soft cover.F. McKenzie Clarkbendigo, history, early recollections, gold mines & mining-victoria-bendigo district

Green metal torch with clip for attachment to belt also a bracket to hang torch off. Off set torch that is static.OT-109/Ftorch

Khaki plastic waterproof cover for peaked hat8-1122-fhat cover, waterproof cover

Dr Frederich Kaempfe, a Chemist, was interned in Camp 3. He was captured in Iran on 15/09/1941 and transferred on the Rangitiki to Loveday South Australia. Transferred to Tatura in Feb 1945 and released to Sydney on 20 July 1946.Pastel drawing of a large gum tree surrounded by smaller gum tress in an undulating paddock.Blue hills in the background. F. Kaempte 1945camp 3, tatura, painting, gum tree, pastel, art work, kaempfe, chemist

Methodist minister. Born 1840 England, ministry in Victoria commenced 1862, died 1906 Melbourne. Minister of Paterson Street Methodist Church, Launceston, from 1889 to 1892. Chairman of Wesleyan Methodist District Synod (Victoria) in 1894.Sepia toned carte de visite. Head and shoulders studio portrait of the Rev. Francis NealeRev F. Nealerev francis neale, methodist, minister, launceston, wesleyan, paterson street methodist church

James Murgatroyd worked at Warrnambool Woollen Mills, Federal Mill, Tweedside, Collins Mills and set up looms for Alexander Spinning Mills Sydney, his son Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

James Murgatroyd worked at Warrnambool Woollen Mills, Federal Mill, Tweedside, Collins Mills and set up looms for Alexander Spinning Mills Sydney, his son Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

James Murgatroyd worked at Warrnambool Woollen Mills, Federal Mill, Tweedside, Collins Mills and set up looms for Alexander Spinning Mills Sydney, his son Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

James Murgatroyd worked at Warrnambool Woollen Mills, Federal Mill, Tweedside, Collins Mills and set up looms for Alexander Spinning Mills Sydney, his son Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Sellerstextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

Fred Murgatroyd worked as a loom tuner at Yarra Falls, Tweedside and Collins mills in Victoria as well as in Sydney, and studied at Leeds University.Murgatroyd Photograph CollectionF Murgatroyd Tweedsidetextile machinery textile mills weaving mills textile mills, collins bros mill pty ltd tweedside woollen mills yarra falls mill, murgatroyd, mr fred murgatroyd, mr james, textile machinery, textile mills, weaving mills

Carbolic tooth powder was used before toothpaste came into use.Round tin containing Carbolic Tooth powderF. Calvert & Co.domestic items, ablutions

Photo Changi 1944 - making up radiosF West 43136

Photographed at Dudley House. View Street, Bendigo; taken February 1984 A Mrs A. (Louise) Baxter, nee Wallis. B Mrs A Baxter with Bette McLoughlinIan F. McLoughlin

Tram 28 at the intersection of Sturt and Lydiard Streets, with destination Gardens via Sturt St. West, two inspectors by tram, many people sitting on park benches in centre median strip. Tram with lights, but small white strip, has early 'Twin Lakes' sign on front of tram.'F' in blue inktramways, trams, sturt st, tramway centre, lydiard st, tram 28

A civic campaign for new public offices developed in Kew in the 1880s. After much deliberation, the location chosen was the junction of Bulleen and Cotham Roads. The buildings were designed by George Watson and John Henry Harvey, architects within the Department of Public Works (Victoria). Building was commenced in 1887, and after one year, the buildings were opened. The Post Office was transferred to the new Commonwealth Government in 1901. The Police Station and Court House, sold by the Victorian Government to the City of Boroondara in 2007, are now a community cultural centre and performing arts venue.The buildings were listed on the Victorian Heritage Register Register (HO885) in 1991. They are historically and architecturally significant to the State Of Victoria because Watson and Harvey's designs exhibit diversity in integrating civil offices, they accommodate the apex of road junctions, and they demonstrate a departure from the contemporaneously favoured High Victorian Classical to the Queen Anne style in the design of civic buildings. 35mm colour transparency of an original plan by George Watson and John Henry Harvey, architects of the Department of Public Works (Victoria), in 1887 for New Public Offices at Kew. This plan was copied by the donor from an original held at the Commonwealth Archives in Brighton (Vic). The copy was made to illustrate a report that the donor made on ‘The functional planning design, building materials and construction methods of the Kew Post Office’ as part of course work at RMIT.SECTION E-Fkew court house, kew police station, kew post office, architectural drawings, khs - slides, new public offices -- kew (vic.), architecture — queen anne style

From the City of Greater Bendigo to Tim Borchers (Tramways Subtenant). Passed to Tramways Supt - Date and Reason not known.Photo Copy of Title of Crown Allotment's 24.17.18.32.V9793 F 158bendigo, tramways

Signs used during wool sales, used to direct buyers to dining rooms. Particular companies would ‘host’ meals in different areas. Rectangular blue cardboard sign with printed black text.front: A.M.L. & F.wool sales, signs, dining, buyers, wool industry, business

Neville FRENCH (1955- ) Born Maryborough, Victoria In 1977 Neville French graduated from Ballarat College of Advanced Education after studying a Diploma in Fine Art (Ceramics) between 1974 and 1976, and was a tutor there for six months in 1978. He holds a Master of Arts, Research (Ceramics) from RMIT Universiy, and was awarded the Vitrify Alcorso National Ceramics Award in 2012. Neville has an international reputation as a ceramics artists and educator. From 1982 to 2012 Neville French was teach and coordinator of the Ceramics department at the Ballarat School of Mines and University of Ballarat (now Federation University). From 1982 to 2012 Neville French taught Ceramics at the Ballarat School of Mines TAFE, which later merged with the University of Ballarat (now Federation University Australia). He completed a Graduate Diploma of Education at Hawthorn State College in 1980, a Certificate of Stoneware Glazes from Brisbane College of Advanced Education in 1983 and a Master of Arts Fine Art (Ceramics) at RMIT University in 2000. Between 2010 and 2012 Neville French taught post graduate honours and masters Ceramics students. During his time as a student at Ballarat Neville Bunning would collect clay from the Enfield clay pit. He described following white tyre tracks to find the location. He described the clay as silky smooth and and fired to a beautiful grey colour at stoneware tempreture. When blended with terracotta clay from Nerrina or fireclay from Bacchus Marsh a wide range of different bodies could be created. This item is part of the Federation University Art Collection. The Art Collection features over 2000 works and was listed as a 'Ballarat Treasure' in 2007.Two vessels made as a sculptural pair. Statement: "My work involves an exploration of elemental vessels - extending porcelain to develop taut contours and spatial dynamics. I seek to distill an essence of purity to evoke notions of quietude and transendence through the expressive use of glaze and its relationship to form, tactility, weight and light. Forms are wheel-thrown, altered and slowly scraped to develip a soft line and solidity. Coloured matt glazes are layered and fused to the porcelain body through multiple firings to give expression and luminosity to the surface,. The iodosyncratice nature of glaze stimulates the imagination. It evokes associations with the natural environement and alludes to a meditative infinity."Signed on base 'f.'art, artwork, neville french, french, ceramics, porcelain, wheelthrown, thrown and altered, alumni

Bookplate featuring a Celtic Cross a Book and a Broom "Russell F. Wright"bookplate, russell f wright