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University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus Archives
Photograph - Black and white print, Falks Studio et al, Ina Higgins, c. 1895
Georgina (Ina) Higgins graduated with first full time female students . Top marks.Digitised Studio photograph of Ina (Frances Georgina Watts) Higgins taken in Falks Studio , Melbourne C. 1895. Ina Higgins was one of the first female students to graduate with a Diploma from Burnley Horticultural College in 1902.female students, ina higgins, georgina higgins, diploma -
University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus Archives
Photograph - Black and white and colour prints, Information Branch Victorian Department of Agriculture, Staff, 1981-1984
Staff: (3) Lucy Connop (4) Wendy Jones (8) John Billing (15) Margaret Fogarty (16 Megan Donald (17) John Philp (18) Jenny Leereveld (19) Sue Berkeley (20) Mark Hagell (28) Philip Moyle (29) Danny Cotter (30) Gabrielle Vivian-Smith (31) Sally Williams (32) Stuart Portbury (33) Phil Tulk (34) Jeremy Wallace (35) Veneta Grivas (36) Patrick Howden (37) Marion Hill (38) Jayne Lindholm (39) Marian Verhooght (40) Cathy Morley (42) Russell Benallack (43) Paul Rebeschini (44) Jim Pleasance (45) Jim Wood (46) Peter Rumble (47) Jolyon Burnett (48) Lynn M. Burnett (49) Paul A. Elliot (50) Ivo Dean (51) Maria Malzone (52) Hans Frederic (53) Anthony W. Meagher (54 John W. Patrick (56) John L. Patience (61) Geoff Olive (62) Robert M. Hardie (63) Daryl Jowett (64) Dirk van Velzen ((66) Pamela Tumath (69) Darryl Cubbs (70) Jim Pleasance (81) Fred Helregal 01.0801984 (82) Staff group (83) V.C.A.H. Burnley Open day Staff at a stand (84) Graduation group (85) Graduation speaker (86) Graduation-tree planting (89-92) VCAH stamp 2/84 (95) VCAH stamp 2/84 (96) Peter Oppenheimer and student 1981 Dept of Agriculture stamp.staff, lucy connop, wendy jones, john billing, margaret fogarty, megan donald, john philp, jenny leereveld, sue berkeley, mark hagell, philip moyle, danny cotter, gabrielle vivian-smith, sally williams, stuart portbury, phil tulk, jeremy wallace, veneta grivas, patrick howden, marion hill, jayne lindholm, marian verhooght, cathy morley, russell benallack, paul rebeschini, jim pleasance, jim wood, peter rumble, jolyon burnett, lynn m. burnett, paul a. elliot, ivo dean, maria malzone, hans frederic, anthony w. meagher, john w. patrick, john l. patience, geoff olive, robert m. hardie, daryl jowett, dirk van velzen, pamela tumath, darryl cubbs, fred helregal, open day, graduation, tree planting, vcah, peter oppenheimer -
Friends of Ballarat Botanical Gardens History Group
Work on paper - Crown Land Reserves Improvement Program, Two Projects, C 2001
These documents provide detailed information about improvements to the Adam Lindsay Gordon Cottage and plans for the Removal of Wishing Well and New Water Feature and Path Re-Alignment which has not been completed.These documents give details on how improvements to the Adam Lindsay Gordon Cottage Area would enhance the site and planning for a new water feature and the major re-alignment of paths within the Gardens.3 sheets of paper. 1. entitled Crown Land Reserves Improvement Programme 2. Diagram listing the costings for the Adam Lindsay Gordon Cottage Area 3. Costings listed for the Removal of the Wishing Well and New Water Feature and Path Re-Alignment.p.1 question mark in black biro, end of 4th line. p.2 notes written in blue biro below the diagram are most relevant.john garner, doctor john garner, ballarat botanical gardens, friends of ballarat botanical gardens, crown land reserves improvement programme, adam lindsay gordon cottage area, the removal of the wishing well and installation of new water feature, costs, clips grants programme., gardens, ballarat, john garner collection -
Carlton Football Club
Colour photograph, Bert Deacon Squad 1990, 1990
... Richmond 3-5-23. Back Row: Mark Leitch (Trainer), John Bekiaris... Richmond 3-5-23. Back Row: Mark Leitch (Trainer), John Bekiaris ...Team photograph. From Roger Skien Collection. Records scores of game - final Scores: Carlton 17-16-118 defeated Richmond 3-5-23. Back Row: Mark Leitch (Trainer), John Bekiaris, Paul Scerri, Matt Shotton, Gavin Green, Andrew Petridis, Danny Waters, Peter Ward, Keith Leitch (head Trainer) Centre Row: Kinnear Beatson (Development Officer), Adam McConnell, Wayne Charlton, Paul Malcolm, Mathew Carmichael, Michael Robertson, Bradley Smith, Tony Jones, Glenn Indian, Danny Corsetti, Patrick Hall, Russell Roberts (Trainer). Front Row: Roger Skien (Team Manager), Paul Mullarvey, Paul Rastevski, Chris Doyle, Darren Sharp (Captain), Trevor Keogh (Coach), Aaron Roche (Vice Captain), Peter Diciero, David Watson, Karson Stimson, Antony Clarkson (Assistant Manager).Colour photograph mounted on cardboard -
Carlton Football Club
Colour Photograph, 1988 Under 19 Carlton Football Club Squad, 1988
Under 19 Carlton Football squad from 1988. Finished 4th on the competition ladder. From Roger Skien Collection. Back Row: Cameron Miller (Trainer), Rohan Bromley (Trainer), Frank Finn (Timekeeper), Peter Frawley (Assistant Manager), Colin Jones (statistician), Keith Leitch (Head Trainer), Wayne Gilbert (Property Steward), Jamie Brown (statistician) Centre Row: Mark Leitch (Trainer), Brad Ryan, Peter Mark, Andrew Greenall, Paul Whybrow, Paul Honey, Chris Leigh (Statistician) Richard Ingram (Doctor) Front Row: Brent Clayton, ,Michael Dodorico, John Markham, Ray Davis, Michael Barron-Toop, Scott Langan, Damien Munivrana, Greg Francis, Simon Lloyd, Brett Ratten, Nick Garnham Sitting on chairs: Roger Skien (Team Manager) Dean Adams, Paul McMaster, Brendan Lowther, Brendan Dixon (Captain), Ross Henshaw (Coach), Jamie Marra (Deputy Vice Captain), Sel Hunt, Andrew Cavedon, Jason Albon, Kinnear Beatson (Assistant Coach) Sitting on Ground; Ibrahim Kaakour, Mark Bouw, Nick Cox, Jamin Vella, Steven Gemmill, Darren Mays, Matt Rossin, Brad Langborne, Paul DonohueColour photograph mounted on cardboard -
Carlton Football Club
Scrap Book, Dedicated to Carlton Player John Goold
John Goold double Premiership PlayerA scrap Book dedicated to twice Premiership Player 1968 - 1970 John Goold Career : 1963 - 1970 Debut : Round 7, 1963 vs Footscray, aged 21 years, 338 days Carlton Player No. 754 Games : 108 Goals : 3 Last Game : Grand Final, 1970 vs Collingwood, aged 29 years, 90 days Guernsey No. 11 Height : 184 cm (6 ft ½ in.) Weight : 76 kg (12 stone, 0 lbs.) DOB : June 27, 1941 Premiership Player 1968, 1970 Carlton Hall of Fame All Australian 1966 A brilliant, flamboyant, two-time Premiership player for Carlton during the Barassi years in the ‘swingin’ sixties,’ John William Crosbie Goold became almost as famous for his dapper appearance off the field, as for his exploits on it. At the height of his football career, he was also a prominent ladies fashion designer – which led to him being dubbed ‘Mr Elegance’ by leading football commentator Lou Richards. Supporters and team-mates however, called him ‘Rags’ or ‘Ragsy,’ because of his involvement in the clothing, or ‘rag’ trade. Goold first came under notice as an outstanding junior athlete at Melbourne Grammar School. A true all-round sportsman, he shone at tennis, athletics, football and cricket. He was also a keen horseman who loved the game of polo and the rough and tumble of fox hunting. While at school he was a fervent Melbourne supporter, but strangely, never had much confidence in his football ability. “If I thought I was good enough, I would certainly have gone to Melbourne,” he said many years later. “But I honestly didn’t think I would ever amount to anything in this game. Cricket and tennis were the games that really interested me.’ However, after graduating from MGS, Goold went home to Healesville to star in the Bloods’ 1962 Yarra Valley Football Association Premiership team – an achievement that brought tempting offers from more than one VFL club. “Incentives were offered elsewhere,” he recalled, “but I gravitated to Carlton – partly because the deep blue of their guernsey attracted me, but mostly because of the good advice I got from people who even then were longsighted enough to predict that big things were ahead for this club.” The Blues were confident enough in Goold’s potential to offer him the guernsey number 11 previously worn with distinction by the likes of Jack Hale, Jim Knight, Ron Hines and Laurie Kerr, and his first senior game came in round 7, 1963 against Footscray at the Western Oval. He played on a half-forward flank alongside Brownlow Medallists Gordon Collis and John James on that Saturday afternoon, and kicked his first career goal in an 8-point win. Little did he know though, that it would be another six seasons before he would again experience the thrill of sending a football spinning between the big posts, because his future lay in defence. By his own admission, Goold struggled to find his feet in VFL football during his first two seasons, until the shock appointment of Ron Barassi as captain-coach of Carlton in 1965 began steering his career back on track. “I think you could say that 1965 was my first year of League football,” he said, “That’s the way I felt - that’s the way I reacted to Barassi.” Under Barassi, Goold rapidly developed into a superb running half-back flanker. Tenacious, and an often freakish high mark, he was unmistakable on the field thanks to his mane of dark hair, his loping running style and somewhat awkward kicking action. Furthermore, he had boundless courage. There is no doubt that he would have played many more games had he not been regularly pole-axed under the high ball – a fact he later freely admitted. “I was always getting knocked out,” he said, “and spent half my bloody time in hospital.” In the second half of 1965, an injury to centre half-back Gordon Collis forced Barassi to use Goold in the key defensive post. While it curtailed his rebounding instincts somewhat, ‘Ragsy’ rose to the challenge and rarely lowered his colours. Testament to his improvement, he finished third behind John Nicholls and Sergio Silvagni in Carlton’s 1965 Best and Fairest award, and followed up by being selected in the Victorian team for the 1966 Hobart Carnival. There, he had a superb series in which he was runner-up to West Australian Barry Cable in voting for the Tassie Medal, and capped it off by being named on a half-back flank in the All Australian team. Barassi’s influence at Carlton bore fruit in his third year, when the Blues returned to finals football at last. Richmond, Carlton, Geelong and Collingwood fought out the 1967 Premiership, and Ragsy Goold won the hearts of the Carlton faithful with two lion-hearted performances. Although Carlton was knocked out of contention by successive losses to Richmond and Geelong, Goold was tireless throughout both games, and it was obvious that he thrived on the added pressure of finals football. Precisely twelve months later, the bitter taste of those defeats was washed away when Barassi’s Blues edged out Essendon by 3 points in the 1968 Grand Final, and ended 21 years of despair at Princes Park. To win Carlton’s ninth VFL flag, the Blues had had to defeat the minor premier Bombers twice during the finals – and did so, thanks to a watertight defence led by Goold, and a dominant ruck division headed by John Nicholls. In round 5, 1969, Carlton hosted South Melbourne at Princes Park in a match significant for a number of reasons. As he regularly did, Ron Barassi swung his team around prior to the opening bounce, and Goold found himself in the unaccustomed role of ruck-rover. While the Blues set about establishing a good break on the scoreboard, Ragsy relished the freedom to kick two first half goals - his first majors for 78 games. Just before half-time however, he was flattened in a pack, concussed again, and replaced during the long break by Barry Gill. Alex Jesaulenko was substituted at the same time – by a shy, ambitious youngster named Bruce Doull, making his senior debut for Carlton in guernsey number 4. In September, 1969 the Navy Blues began their third straight finals campaign with an impressive 6-goal Semi Final win over Collingwood in front of more than 108,000 fans at the MCG. A fortnight later, Richmond stunned the flag favourites with a withering last quarter in the Grand Final, and knocked Carlton out of the Premiership race again at the last hurdle. Half-way through the year, Carlton's club doctor discovered that Goold had been playing with shin splints in both of his lower legs. The pain they caused was considerable, but Ragsy soldiered on and held down centre half-back throughout the season. John Goold’s VFL career at Carlton culminated in the fabled 1970 Grand Final triumph over Collingwood. What is not so well known is that Ragsy was only cleared to play in that game on the morning of the match. After narrowly losing to Collingwood in the second Semi Final, the Navy Blues destroyed St Kilda by 62 points in the Preliminary Final, and earned another shot at the Magpies in the decider. But one of Carlton’s problems was that Goold had been kicked on a shin against St Kilda, causing a burst blood vessel and serious swelling. Despite the best efforts of the club medical staff, Ragsy had only a slim chance of playing in the Grand Final right up until game day, when his worried coach reluctantly allowed him to take his place in the side. Later, Barassi justified his decision by saying that in his opinion, a less than fully fit Goold was still worth his place in the team. By half time in the Grand Final however, he was probably questioning that judgement - because Carlton had been totally outplayed, and trailed an impressive, cohesive Collingwood by 44 points. Therefore, Carlton’s magnificent comeback – orchestrated by Barassi, and sparked by the fairytale exploits of 19th man Ted Hopkins – is one of the greatest of all football stories. Against enormous odds, the Navy Blues fought their way back into the contest, and eventually, rolled over the top of the frantic Magpies to snatch victory by 10 points in the last few minutes of the match. Hopkins ended up with four goals, Barassi was hailed a genius, and Ragsy Goold was carted off to hospital immediately after the game to have further urgent treatment. While there, he decided that there was no better time to end his VFL career – especially because his burgeoning business interests were demanding more and more of his time. In the years after his football career ended, John Goold created a remarkably successful business empire. In 1971 he sold his fashion label and took up farming at Mortlake in western Victoria, where he coached the local football team for three seasons. Later, he formed a diversified pastoral company, and purchased a magnificent complex called Ballangeich Run at nearby Ellerslie. While his passion for farming and livestock grew, he began breeding top quality polo ponies, and represented Australia in international competition. During the 1997 and 1998 seasons, John's son Ed Goold played reserve grade football for Carlton. MEMORIES.... Ragsy Goold; the name stirs memories form my long ago childhood. Ragsy, with his unique kicking style, where he'd hold the ball (always a drop punt - in a time when the drop kick and the torpedo punt still reigned supreme) at the point of the ball, elbows bent and he'd lavishly drop the ball, his right arm then flinging back and up dramatically. That was the thing about Ragsy (so named because he worked in the clothing, or 'rag' trade), he was always dramatic. He always ensured his ankle guards and wrist guard were glowing white to match the great white CFC monogram he wore proudly on his chest, and with his long flowing locks, cut a dynamic figure through a young boy's mind. Ragsy was my idol. I loved his dashes from half back, his long accurate drop punts, most of all I loved his flair for the game. Ragsy played the game as an entertainer as well as a sportsman - he leapt high to punch or mark, and always seemed to have a bit of the thoroughbred about him - which is probably why after he retired, he took up fox chasing, polo, and riding his beloved thoroughbreds across the paddocks and over the fences of his property, I think he may have even represented Australia at the sport – really, that’s sort of how he played as a footballer. All sinewy muscle, long legs and famous leaps for the saving punch. Ragsy was part of the great backline that helped revive Carlton's fortunes. Legendary players Wes Lofts, Ian Collins, Kevin 'Racehorse' Hall, Vinnie Waite among them. All great teams have a great defence and the defence that Ragsy was an integral part of was no different. Where others provided the biffo, the muscle or the defensive pressure, Ragsy provided the dash, the flair, the sense of adventure that all great backlines must have. AND MORE.... I have had many favourite players while following the Blues, but there will always be a special spot for Ragsy Goold - running the lines, all long hair and flashing white guards. As a young man I moved to Carlton and began acting in a place called one-c-one. One night after a play, I was walking home. It was winter, and I was wearing my favouritte overcoat, a genuine ankle length tweed affair I had picked up in an Op Shop in Oakleigh for three dollars. As I strutted across Lygon Street, a deep male voice behind me called, 'hey laddie, how much for the overcoat?' I turned, and there was my childhood idol, Ragsy Goold, two beautiful women in tow, smiling and waiting for my answer. I loved that coat too much to part with it, even to Ragsy, so I shook my head - and he smiled, then walked off. I stood for a moment in the middle of the street shaking my head in disbelief. Ragsy bloody Goold had just offered to buy my overcoat! I knew at that point, as a young man of about twenty three, that life was going to be full of surprises and very entertaining - a bit like John ‘Ragsy’ Goold. ONE MORE.... A cold, wet day in the mid 1960's at the MCG and Victoria were playing South Australia (?) The ball that day was like a piece of soap, with players finding it impossible to mark. Just before half time a long kick sailed toward the mud heap that was the centre of the ground, and the pack rose to meet it. From this group of players an arm shot straight up, and the ball instantly came to a dead stop. The footy stuck in the player's palm as if the hand was coated in Tarzan's Grip. After all these years, it's the only recollection I have of that match, and that player was 'Mr. Elegance' John Goold. HUMOROUS HUNGRY.... Former opponent Richmond's Kevin Bartlett on Radio SEN in 2012 received a phone call from John. After the call Kevin told his listeners how "Mr Elegance" would always be dressed in a nice suit, shirt-tie and highly polished shoes. He then cracked a joke saying something like; "You know, John was so 'posh' that he used to play football wearing a cravat!" Milestones 50 Games: Round 15, 1967 vs Melbourne 100 Games: Round 13, 1970 vs Geelong Career Highlights 1965 - Percy Bentley Trophy - 3rd Best & Fairest 1966 - 5th Best & Fairest 1967 - Maurie Sankey Memorial Trophy - 4th Best & Fairest (on count back) 1968 - Premiership Player 1970 - 7th Best & Fairest 1970 - Premiership PlayerFoolscap Scrap Book -
Carlton Football Club
Black & White Photos x 2, John O'Connell
Two Pictures of 1972 Premiership Player John O'ConnellCareer : 1970 - 1976 Debut : Round 3, 1970 vs Richmond, aged 18 years, 361 days Carlton Player No. 818 Games : 111 Goals : 0 Guernsey Nos. 50 (1970-71) and No. 19 (1972-76) Last Game : Preliminary Final, 1976 vs North Melbourne, aged 25 years, 149 days Height : 183 cm (6 ft. 0 in.) Weight : 82 kg (12 stone, 13 lbs.) DOB : April 22, 1951 Premiership Player 1972 After starting his career at Carlton as a centreman or ruck-rover at Under-19 and Reserves level, John Michael “Jack” O’Connell found his niche in defence for the Blues and was a creative back pocket in Carlton’s record-breaking 1972 Grand Final victory over Richmond. A dasher who loved to take off on bouncing runs, Jack spent much of his career alongside champion full-back Geoff Southby, with either Vin Waite or David McKay in the opposite pocket. Together, they created a full-back line regarded as among the best in club history. O’Connell’s journey to Premiership glory began during his school days at St Mark’s in Melbourne’s outer north, then at Glenroy YCW and Fawkner. In 1967, aged 17, he joined Carlton’s Under-19s, and by midway through 1969 he was playing Reserves football in guernsey number 50. Early in the following year, a couple of strong showings saw him banging on the door of senior selection, and he was duly rewarded by being named on the bench for his senior debut against Richmond at the MCG in round 3, 1970. For the Blues and their supporters, the game was a forgettable one, because Carlton surrendered a big half-time lead to be beaten by 13 points, and O’Connell wasn’t called on until the dying minutes. Sent back to the Reserves after that one brief taste if the big time, Jack honed his skills and bided his time - for more than a year – while Carlton went on to win the 1970 Premiership. Eventually, he earned a recall midway through 1971, but with a bevy of stars standing in his way, he was a regular reserve until late in the year, when coach John Nicholls – aware that incumbent Ian Collins intended to retire – offered O’Connell a chance in the back pocket. Jack grasped his opportunity with both hands. At 183 cm and 82 kg he was bigger than the average specialist back-pocket of that era, but he gave nothing away in agility. An excellent mark and an accurate kick off either foot, he had settled in beside Southby by the end of that season, playing the last ten games straight. As season 1972 dawned and Collins retired, O'Connell inherited the Blues’ number 19 guernsey and began marking his mark in the Carlton defence. Inspired by Southby’s creativity and Waite’s aggression, Jack was soon a headache for every opposition club. An ankle injury sustained in round 5, 1972 against Collingwood cost him five matches, but he was back to top form by finals time, when Carlton finished the regular season on top of the ladder. In their first final together – the Second Semi Final - O’Connell, Southby and Waite were resolute in a thrilling draw. Richmond won the replay, then Carlton conquered St Kilda in the Preliminary Final to earn another crack at the Tigers in the Grand Final. Opting for a strategy of all-out attack in the flag decider, the Blues blasted off the blocks to kick 8 goals in the first quarter, 10 in the second and 7 in the third to put the game right out of Richmond’s grasp with a full quarter remaining. After coasting to the final siren, the Blues collected their eleventh VFL Premiership by 27 points. Waite was missing from the match, having been injured in the Preliminary Final, but David McKay was a more than adequate replacement, and all three defenders on the last line completed an excellent final series. On the way to another consistent season in 1973, O’Connell strained a thigh in Carlton’s surprise loss to Fitzroy at the Junction Oval in round 16, and wasn’t recalled to the senior side until the Grand Final, when Carlton and Richmond met once more in the 48th match of Jack’s career. A few days beforehand, Barry Armstrong had been ruled out when he was hit by appendicitis, so O’Connell took over Armstrong’s assigned role of negating the Tigers’ star centreman Ian Stewart. Jack stuck to his task all match, but neither he nor his team could hold back a ferocious Richmond side that crashed and bashed its way to victory. O’Connell went on to play in two more finals campaigns in 1975 and ’76 but was denied the joy of another September victory. He brought up game number 100 at Princes Park in June 1976, when Carlton ended a five-game losing sequence to beat Essendon, before calling time on his VFL career after the Blues suffered a heart-breaking 1-point loss to North Melbourne in that season’s Preliminary Final. In 1977 O'Connell was cleared to WAFL club Subiaco. Later he came back to Victoria and coached Diamond Creek to a Premiership in the Diamond Valley League. Then in 1987, the football world was rocked by the news that Jack had been diagnosed with a virulent form of cancer. He fought hard for 18 months, but tragically passed away on the 5th November, 1989 aged just 38. Career Highlights 1971 - 3rd Reserves Best & Fairest 1971 - Reserves Most Improved Player 1972 - Premiership Player Milestones 50 Games : Round 2, 1974 vs Geelong 100 Games :Round 13, 1976 vs Essendon Footnotes Off the field, O’Connell was a quiet, reserved character who, by 1973 had struck a warm friendship with another man of few words in his champion team-mate Bruce Doull. The pair could often be seen together sharing a beer after Sunday morning recovery sessions, and club folklore has it that the only regular conversation to be heard between them was, “it’s your shout.” In 1997, John's son Luke O'Connell joined Carlton, playing eight Reserves games and kicking three goals.2 x Black & White PhotosThe Sun Articles pasted on back of each photo -
Friends of Ballarat Botanical Gardens History Group
Work on paper - Statue Valuations, Insurance Valuations of Public Sculptures, fountains and Monuments for the City of Ballarat, 1994, 11 April, 1994, 9/5/94 and 2012
Insurance valuations of public sculptures, fountains and monuments for the City of Ballarat: attention Ian Rossiter. (Town Clerk) valuations prepared by John Jones, Historian, Consultant, Valuer in Australian Art. Print--out contains valuations of the Statues in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens only and the criteria used for updating valuations. Unsigned though very likely written by John Garner.Important in knowing a valuation of each statue in the Ballarat Botanical Gardens in 1994.2 faxes, 1. 1page only. 2.7 pages and 1 copy of 3 pages,(Prime Ministers' busts). 1 page print- out and a copy Fax 1. 11 April 1994. Fax 2. is water damaged. Printed across the top of this fax 94-05-09 11:20 Fax No 6622400. Two folder ring marks on the left hand of each page of the faxes. Fax 2 is signed John Jones on p.6. No marks on print-out. statue valuations, statues of prime ministers, john jones, valuer, city of ballarat, ian rossiter, valuation criteria, value of the statues in the ballarat botanical gardens. total value of ballarat statues in 1994. lists of ballarat statues, sculptors, dates of when the statues were made, marble, slate, granite, bronze, sandstone, john garner collection, garner, dr, ballarat botanical gardens, gardens, ballarat -
Friends of Ballarat Botanical Gardens History Group
Work on paper - Bob Whitehead Courier, Wednesday May 25th, 1994, Stepping Down as Chairman of the Friends of the Ballarat Botanic Gardens, May 25th, 1994
Courier, "Inside Out with Kim Quinlan", Wednesday 25th May, 1994, speaking with Bob Whitehead, outgoing Chairman of the Friends of the Botanic Gardens, Ballarat.Bob Whitehead was instrumental in the formation of the Friends of the Ballarat Botanical Gardens. Prior to that, he was Parks and Gardens Director for the City Council. So, he was something of an authority on the Gardens and the Friends' early history. p.4 of the Ballarat Courier, torn down right side, yellow with age. There is a black and white photograph of the Statuary Pavilion in the Gardens, top right hand corner.Blue biro marks in columns 3,4,5.john garner collection, garner, dr, whitehead, courier, chairman, friends of the botanical gardens, city council, ballarat botanical gardens, ballarat, gardens, bob whitehead, jack chisolm, jessie scott, ballarat botanical gardens' design, gardens' history, history of the friends. -
Friends of Ballarat Botanical Gardens History Group
Work on paper - Scene in Ballarat Botanical Gardens, January 3rd, 1883, 3/1/1883
This photograph is of historic interest because it shown some of the exotic plants favoured by nineteenth century gardeners.The photograph provides a different aspect of the Ballarat Botanical Gardens and provides further information about the plantings in the nineteenth century. Photocopy of a black and white photograph of palm trees, succulents and lawn. The original photo has age marks. In pencil written bottom lefthand corner, "Scene in Botanical Gardens, Ballarat and in the lefthand corner, January 3, 1883.ballarat botanical gardens, friends of ballarat botanical gardens, john garner, doctor, history, scene, plantings victorian era, john garner collection, gardens, ballarat -
Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library
Journal, Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourner Bleter / Melbourne Chronicle February 1980, ADD DATE
Journal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.36 pages, A4, Softbound, Paper covers. non-fictionJournal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.moshe ajzenbud, serge liberman, w.d. rubinstein, john berger, shana sackville -
Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library
Journal, Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourner Bleter / Melbourne Chronicle April/May 1980, ADD DATE
Journal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.56 pages, A4, Softbound, Paper covers. non-fictionJournal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.moshe ajzenbud, serge liberman, john berger, paul forgasz, anne parratt, arthur matzner, allen afterman, susan whiting, leo meyer, j. orbach, alan collins, cecilia morris -
Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library
Journal, Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourner Bleter / Melbourne Chronicle July 1978, ADD DATE
Journal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.52 pages, A4, Softbound, Paper covers. non-fictionJournal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.serge i. liberman, rabbi john levi, walter lippmann, daniel katz, arnold zable, solomon stedman -
Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library
Journal, Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourner Bleter / Melbourne Chronicle Jun/Jul 1983, ADD DATE
Journal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.40 pages, A4, Softbound, Paper covers. non-fictionJournal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.moshe ajzenbud, serge lieberman, michael elizur, lilian barnea, kim baker, maria lewitt, rodney gouttman, joy cripps, joan acland, avital nathani, john de marco -
Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library
Journal, Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourner Bleter / Melbourne Chronicle February/March 1984, ADD DATE
Journal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.48 pages, A4, Softbound, Paper covers. non-fictionJournal published by the Kadimah Jewish Cultural Centre and National Library, Melbourne. Contains essays, reviews, fiction and poetry in both English and Yiddish.moshe ajzenbud, serge lieberman, w.d. rubinstein, hilary l. rubinstein, chaim frenkel, ian lustig, annette buchbinder, mal morgan, john de marco, chaim raphael, anne wroby, manfred jurgensen, neil holbert, charles rimington, jean thornton, reuben havin, roslyn k. gross -
Kilmore Historical Society
For England's Flag, c1904
Children's book of war stories awarded to Don McDonald in 1904. Donated to Whitburgh Cottage museum c1982. Cloth- bound hardcover book with oval-shaped colour plate attached to front cover. Some wear to cover edges. Binding loose but all pages intact. Foxing and miscellaneous marks through out, yellowed pages. Faded gilt-edged pages. Black and white illustrations, colour plate opposite title page. Advertisements back & front pages. 128 pp. Fair condition.Certificate glued to inside cover, 'State School/No. 2253/Second/Prize/Awarded to Don McDonald/Class Third /for/ Year's Work/H. Worthington Head Teacher/Christmas 1904'.mcdonald, childrens literature, whitburgh cottage collection -
Kilmore Historical Society
The Littlest One Again, 1926
Children's poetry. From the childhood collection of Monica Turner, nee Smith, descendant of early Kilmore business families, the Morrisseys and Hartnells.Brown paper covered board cover, plastic protective cover secured with yellowed sticky tape. Binding tight and square. Some foxing and stains/marks throughout. 56 pp. Good condition.Nil.children's literature, turner collection -
Kilmore Historical Society
Book, Baron Ferdinand von Mueller et al, EUCALYPTOGRAPHIA. Tenth Decade, 1884
A descriptive atlas of the Eucalypts of Australia and adjoining islands. This last part of the series also contains a Synopsis of the Species, Geographic Index, Index of Vernacular Names, Index of Decades and Alphabetical Index.Light card cover with blue cloth backstrip to spine, torn at upper extremity. Some staining and marks on cover, discoloration from light exposure. Some foxing through out. Binding intact. Fair condition.non-fictionA descriptive atlas of the Eucalypts of Australia and adjoining islands. This last part of the series also contains a Synopsis of the Species, Geographic Index, Index of Vernacular Names, Index of Decades and Alphabetical Index.botany, eucalypts, australia -
Queen's College
Medal, Centenary of Wesleyan Methodism medal, 1839
Medal issue to mark the centenary of Wesleyan Methodism in 1839. Charles Wesley (1707 - 1788) was the brother of John Wesley, the founder of Methodism.White metal medal with portrait of Charles Wesley on face, inscription on reverse.Face: "Charles Wesley M.A. Born Dec. 18 1708 Died Mar. 29 1788" Reverse: "Centenary of Wesleyan Methodism 1839 God buries his workmen, but carries on his work"wesleyan methodism, charles wesley, john wesley -
Mont De Lancey
Book, Richard Watson, The Life of The Rev. John Wesley, A.M, 1851
The life of The Rev. John Wesley, A.M. sometime fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford and founder of the Methodist Societies.An old rare damaged brown heavily embossed patterned hardcover book, The Life of The Rev. John Wesley, A.M. by Richard Watson. The spine is missing. There are loose pages particularly at the front with pencil and ink inscriptions. A sewing pin is holding the black and white portrait of John Wesley to the endpaper. The spine edge inside has grey tape holding the endpapers together. There are dirty marks, severe tanning and foxing noted all through this 1851 edition. 485p. with a few pages at the back of further religious works by the publisher John Mason.non-fictionThe life of The Rev. John Wesley, A.M. sometime fellow of Lincoln College, Oxford and founder of the Methodist Societies.religion, biography, methodist church history -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Certificate - World War II Volunteer Air Observers Corps Certificate of Appreciation, Royal Australian Air Force, 1945
The Volunteer Air Observers Corps (VAOC) was a civil defence formed on 31st December 1941 as part of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) support during World War II. The VAOC rapidly developed observation posts manned by men and women all over Australia, the main purpose being to identify and report any aircraft movement to an RAAF regional base. During the early days of 1942 the posts were manned 24 hours a day, gradually relaxing as the threat to Australia lessened. All members were continually trained in aircraft identification and provided an invaluable service to the RAAF. The VAOC was disbanded in April 1946. During its operation over 2,600 observations posts were maintained and approximately 25,000 personnel served. These certificates were presented to Mrs. H (Hazel) Penfold and Mr. A. R. (Alexander Rex) Penfold in recognition of 3 years of service during this period. Hazel was the daughter of Mark Ellwood and Rosina Mary Smale and the older sister of Grace, wife of John Hamilton-Smith. The family of Grace and John Hamilton-Smith have donated many items to the Wodonga & District Historical Society. This item commemorates one of the important roles played by civilians on a local, state and national level during WW2 and is attached to a local Wodonga family.2 coloured certificates on cream paper. The design includes 2 aircraft and a man and woman positioned between with the Union Jack and the Australian flag in the top section above the Royal Australian Air Force insignia and the words "For King and Country" Dark cream columns with a pale blue surround frame the details on the certificate. 3 one Years service stickers are attached at the bottom above the insignia of the Volunteer Air Observers Corps.For King and Empire Presented to Mrs H. Penfold by the ROYAL AUSTRALIAN AIR FORCE As a record and in appreciation of patriotic response to the call of country by serving in the VOLUNTEER AIR OBSERVERS CORPS This 20th day of September 1945 signed G. Jones Air Vice Marshall Chief of Air Staff signed ? Unit Commanding Officer volunteer air observers corps, vaoc, civilians in ww2, hamilton-smith collection -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Uniform - Hamilton-Smith Collection - Red Cross Uniform
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies and the Belvoir Wodonga Rotary Club. Grace was an active member of several organisations including the CWA, Red Cross, the Wodonga Show Ladies' Auxiliary and the Victorian Agricultural Societies Association. This uniform was owned by Grace Hamilton-Smith. She achieved recognition for more 20 years of service to the Red Cross.This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It is part of a significant collection from the Hamilton-Smith family of Wodonga and reflects important aspects of social history including the roles of women and their contribution to the community. A tan coloured Red Cross uniform and badges worn C1940sred cross australia, hamilton-smith collection, wodonga red cross -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Mixed media - John Kenneth Darnton Watson and de Kerilleau Homestead
de Kerilleau was built for William Huon, son of the early pastoralist Paul Huon, in 1870 and named after the family's ancestral estate in France. The original lease of the Wodonga Run was granted to Paul Huon as No. 202 on 7th February 1837, about a year after his cousin Charles Huon had squatted on the land. Kenneth Darnton Watson bought de Kerilleau homestead in 1922 where the Watson family lived for three generations, caring for the land and serving the Wodonga community. Kenneth, his son Ian Darnton Watson and his grandson John Kenneth Darnton Watson all served on the Wodonga Council. The magnificent two storey brick homestead is built on ground above Wodonga Creek. The home of Georgian style consists of eleven rooms and a spacious cellar. At the rear of the main house in a separate single storey building was a large kitchen, pantry and accommodation for a cook and a housemaid. A feature of the homestead is the cast iron lace on the veranda and upper balcony, both supported by caste - iron pillars. The granite foundations of the home were quarried from the hill above the homestead. The enormous Moreton Bay Fig tree which stands to the side of the home was planted when Sir Charles Bowen visited de Kerilleau to mark the opening of the rail line that connects Victoria with New South Wales. Planted in 1873, it is still standing today. This painting was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by George, Digby & Dugald Watson on behalf of the late John & Chris Watson. John Kenneth Darnton Watson was born on 28 August 1960 in Wodonga. After completing his primary schooling locally, he boarded at Geelong College from 1973. John joined the rowing crews, starting in the 8th VIII crew and reaching the 1st VIII crew in 1978. He received multiple House colours awards for cross country, athletics and rowing and received School colours for rowing. On completion of his schooling, John spent some time jackarooing before studying farm management at Marcus Oldham College in Geelong, Victoria. He then returned home to de Kerilleau, Wodonga to manage the family property. In 1984 John married Christine Honybun, daughter of David Lewis Honybun and Marian Josephine Edkins. John and Christine had three sons. John was community minded and involved in a number of local organisations such as Apex and agricultural societies. He was elected to Wodonga City Council in 1997, serving until 2004. Due to increased pressure on available land to cater for the growth of Wodonga, some of the property was sold and in 2003 John donated 200 ha of Huon Hill ‘s western slopes to the City of Wodonga. After this time, he moved away from farming to become a Hungry Jack's franchisee. In 2009, the hard decision was made to sell de Kerilleau and John and his family moved into Wodonga. After sadly losing Christine to cancer in 2017, John became a member and Deputy Chairperson of the Albury Wodonga Regional Cancer Centre Trust Fund Board and Ambassador for the Sunshine Walk. Tragically after his own cancer battle, John Kenneth Darnton Watson passed away on 24 August 2023, aged 62 years following a life of service to the Wodonga community.This item is significant because it was owned by a prominent Wodonga family and came from a Historic Homestead in WodongaA coloured portrait of John Kenneth Darnton Watson and a painting of de Kerilleau Homestead, the Watson Family home for three generations. The portrait was taken by Peter Charlesworth. The painting is the work of D.K. Ross in 1991.watson family wodonga, de kerilleau homestead, john watson, peter charlesworth -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Album - Hamilton-Smith Family Photograph Album c. early 1900s
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.Grey paper photograph album, front covered embossed with a floral motif. photo, photograph, family photograph, albumm, photograph album, hamilton-smith, wodonga, ellwood -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Hamilton-Smith Collection Photograph of Gertrude Foord c. early 1900s, The Crown Studios: Vice-Regal Photographers
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This photograph is of Gertrude Foord (1885-1968), an aunt on the Hamilton-Smith family tree. Much of the needlework and textiles in the Hamilton-Smith collection belonged to Gertrude. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.Black and white studio portrait photograph of a woman dressed in early 1900s dress, mounted on card.Handwritten inscription in bottom centre: "Love from/Gertrude". photograph, family photographs, photo, 1900s, edwardian, studio portrait, portrait -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Hamilton-Smith Collection Bible c. 1800s - 1900s, Eyre and Spottiswoode, LTD
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This Christian bible belonged to Grace Hamilton-Smith (nee Ellwood). The inscriptions indicate it was owned and used while she was at boarding school in Melbourne in the 1930s. It was published by the London printer Eyre and Spottiswood, established in 1739.This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.A black cloth bound Christian bible containing old and new testaments. On inner front page proper left upper corner in pencil: "Grace W Ellwood/"Braeside"/Bethonga./Victoria/Grace Ellwood/Morris Hall/Sth Yarra". On inner front paper proper left lower corner in pencil: "Grace Ellwood/Morris Hall/M.L.L. GLS/1925-6-7".bible, religion, christianity, hamilton-smith, ellwood, wodonga, school, jesus -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Badge - Hamilton-Smith Collection Wodonga Golf Club c1965
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This badge was awarded to Grace Hamilton-Smith for being the best left handed player of the Wodonga Golf Club in 1965.This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and sporting life in mid-twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.A metal, gold plated badge with green detailing and a depiction of two crossed golf clubs. On face of badge: "WODONGA/G.C/ASSOCIATES'.sport, sporting, golf, golf club, hamilton-smith, ellwood, wodonga, wodonga golf club -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Badge - Hamilton-Smith Collection Country Women's Association
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history. Two small round badges. The NSW CWA badge has a light and dark blue design with orange. The Victorian badge has a yellow, green and gold design.On Victorian badge: "VICTORIA/CWA". On NSW Badge: "COUNTRY WOMENS ASSOCIATION N.S.W./CWA".hamilton-smith collection, hamilton-smith, ellwood, charity, volunteer, voluntering, cwa, country women's association, rural, women, women's history, domestic, cooking, food, community -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Book - Hamilton-Smith Collection Hymn Book Sacred Songs & Solos c. early 1900s
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of social and family life in early twentieth century Wodonga, as well as providing interpretative capacity for themes including local history and social history.A blue cloth covered hymn book with black text printed on front cover. hymn, singing, book, song, songs, hamilton-smith collection, hamilton-smith, ellwood, wodonga -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Booklet - Hamilton-Smith Collection Air Raid Precautions Booklet, T. Rider - Government Printer, September 1939
The Hamilton-Smith collection was donated by the children of Grace Mary Hamilton-Smith nee Ellwood (1911-2004) and John Hamilton-Smith (1909-1984) who settled in Wodonga in the 1940s. The Ellwood family had lived in north-east Victoria since the late 1800s. Grace’s mother, Rosina Ellwood nee Smale, was the first teacher at Baranduda in 1888, and a foundation member of the C.W.A. Rosina and her husband Mark retired to Wodonga in 1934. Grace and John married at St. David’s Church, Albury in 1941. John was a grazier, and actively involved in Agricultural Societies. The collection contains significant items which reflect the local history of Wodonga, including handmade needlework, books, photographs, a wedding dress, maps, and material relating to the world wars. This Air Raid Precautions booklet was one of thousands distributed to households across Australia during WW2. They provided instructions on what to do during an air raid and were based on emergency response protocols established in Britain. Other measures adopted by State Governments during this period included the installation of air raid sirens and bomb shelters, and the training of volunteers in firefighting and first aid. This item has well documented provenance and a known owner. It forms part of a significant and representative historical collection which reflects the local history of Wodonga. It contributes to our understanding of life in Australia during WW2. A small booklet containing illustrations and text instructing people what to do during an air raid. Front cover in pen: "Donated: Merrilyn/Hamilton-Smith"ww2, world war two, world war, war, 1940s, air raid, defence, bomb