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8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Legal record - Bank book, 1912 Circa
... of a reorganisation of Australian Military Forces in 1912 replacing earlier... of a reorganisation of Australian Military Forces in 1912 replacing earlier ...The 16th Light Horse Regiment was a Citizen Military Force unit located in North East Victoria with its Headquarters at Benalla. The regiment came into existence as part of a reorganisation of Australian Military Forces in 1912 replacing earlier Victorian Mounted Rifles units, and was in turn redesignated 8th Light Horse (Indi) Regiment in 1919.A rare bank book detailing how a CMF regiment conducted its financial affairs in the pre-World War 1 (1914-1918) period.Black clothboard covered bank book issued by the National Bank of Australasia Limited, Benalla Branch for the account of the 16th Light Horse Public Monies Account. The book was in use from December 1912 to March 1919.16th light horse, national bank of australasia, military, bank account, cmf -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book - BOOK WW1, The All Australia Memorial, 1917
... & spine. Australian Military Forces badge illustrated on front... on front & spine. Australian Military Forces badge illustrated ...The All Australian Memorial (Victorian Edition) A Historical Record of National Effort During The Great War. Australians Roll of Honour 1914 - 1916, Heroes and Helpers.Hard cardboard cover, black buckram, gold print on front & spine. Australian Military Forces badge illustrated on front. 158 cut, gold page edges, beige paper. Black / white / sepia photos, drawings, maps, portraits, etc. Many photos mounted on cardboard mounts. Fold out photos & maps. Fly leaf & end papers are dark green. Some photos missing. Inscription stamp.Inscription on front end paper handwritten in blue ink: “Desmond V B?er 146 Queen Street Bendigo” Title page: “RSL stamp”book, memorial, all australian -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - ANA COLLECTION: CHRISTMAS CARD SENT DEC 1941 FROM 9TH AUSTRALIAN DIVISIONAL CAVALRY REGIMENT A.I.F
... a Christmas card front, with Australian Commonwealth Military Forces..., with Australian Commonwealth Military Forces badge b central message, hand ...Christmas card sent from the Middle East, Dec 1941 from Trooper J.A. Martindale, 9th Australian Divisional Cavalry Regiment A.I.F.; to "Fellow Members of the A.N.A. wishing you all A Merry Christmas and A Happy New Year" Two shhets of beige card a Christmas card front, with Australian Commonwealth Military Forces badge b central message, hand written from Trooper J.A. Martindale9th Australian Divisional Cavalry Regiment A.I.F. -
Bendigo Military Museum
Document - DRIVERS LICENCE, ARMY
... be E.P. Seymour. Headed Australian Military Forces Army Driving... Australian Military Forces Army Driving Licence and lists types ...Army Driving Licence issued to service men/women to authorise the driving of military vehicles.Brown coloured Army driving licence with white paper and black writing. Folds into 3 to make wallet or pocket size.Licence No. 334560. Unit "38 Inf Bn" stamped, signature of driver, rank and full name too faded to decipher. Signature may be E.P. Seymour. Headed Australian Military Forces Army Driving Licence and lists types of vehicles.passchendaele barracks trust, drivers licence, 38th battalion -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book - STANDING ORDERS
... Headquarters Library". Cover says "Restricted", "Australian Military...Bendigo Military Museum 37 - 39 Pall Mall Bendigo ...Book is a training manual for the Standing Orders for Vehicle Operation & Servicing 1961 used by the RAASC School for Training Purposes.Metal bound book, brown in colour with dark blue edging on front and back covers. 93 pages inside covering Procedures and Processes for Vehicle Operations and Servicing.On top front, SGT A.K. Teale (or Seale) ? and No. 20 in pencil. Inside says "RAASC School - This copy belongs to school Headquarters Library". Cover says "Restricted", "Australian Military Forces" & "Standing Orders for Vehicle Operation and Servicing 1961".passchendaele barracks trust collection, training manual, raasc -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Photograph - Brigadier Whitehead
... the Citizen Military Forces when it was raised in 1947 and commanded... the Citizen Military Forces when it was raised in 1947 and commanded ...Brigadier David Adie Whitehead had a distinguished and decorated career in both First and Second World Wars. He joined the Citizen Military Forces when it was raised in 1947 and commanded the 2nd Armoured Brigade (4th/19th Prince of Wales’s Light Horse and 8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regiments) till 1953.Fine photograph of a high ranking armoured corps officer.Black and white photograph of officer in beret, wearing headphones and holding microphone and mounted in the crew commander's seat of a Lynx (Doodlebug) Scout Car." Brigadier D.A. Whitehead CBE, DSO, MC, ED 1952 "whitehead da brigadier, 2nd armoured brigade -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Decorative object - trophy, 1938 circa
... , Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots..., Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots ...The 20th Light Horse (Victorian Mounted Rifles) was raised in 1920 as part of the 3rd Cavalry Brigade, 2nd Cavalry Division, Citizen Military Forces, with Headquarters at Seymour and depots along the Goulburn Valley from Mansfield to Tocumwal in southern NSW. The regiment was still horse mounted in 1937 when this trophy was awarded to the Mansfield Troop. Fine example of a trophy awarded to a Citizen Military Forces sub-unit drawn from a country town in northeast Victoria prior to WWII. Silver cup with no handles and bakelite base being a trophy for snap shooting in 20th Light Horse Regiment.20th Light Horse Regiment Shoot / Snap Shooting / won by / Mansfield Troop / 1937mansfield, shooting, light horse, 20th -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Memorabilia - shooting trophy, Miles Shield for Marksmanship
... occurred. He joined Citizien Military Forces in 1965, serving... occurred. He joined Citizien Military Forces in 1965, serving ...Maurice Miles served in the Australian Army in World War Two and was present at Cowra when the Japanese POW breakout occurred. He joined Citizien Military Forces in 1965, serving with 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles till 1985. He was a keen rifle shot and this shield was a way of fostering the skill within the regiment.Representative of community efforts to foster military skills in citizen soldiers.Wooden shield with 8/13 Victorian Mounted Rifles badge at centre and plaques arranged around edges recording winners of competition.Donated by / S Sgt Maurie Miles / & Family / upon his retirement / 8/13 VMR / 1965-1985cowra, cmf, vmr, military, world war two, marksmanship -
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Members of the Bethanga Light Horse Troop
... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered ...The 8th Light Horse was initially raised from companies of the colonial Victorian Mounted Rifles located in North-east Victoria following federation. In 1912 a major reorganisation of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered 16th Light Horse. The Regiment was disbanded in 1919 but soon after was re-raised as the 8th (Indi) Light Horse in the Citizen Military Forces, with the territorial title Indi Light Horse. The Indi Light Horse consisted of 3 squadrons. A squadron consisted of troops in Corryong, Walwa, Tallangatta, Eskdale and Wodonga. After an extensive recruiting campaign in January 1939 a new troop was raised in Bethanga, Victoria. In December 1941, the regiment converted from horse to mechanised, initially as 8th Reconnaissance Battalion then in July 1942 it became 8th Cavalry Regiment and served in Northern Territory. As Japanese threat to the mainland declined the regiment was disbanded.This photo represents a group of Bethanga men who committed to service during World War 2A framed Black and white photograph of Bethanga members of the Australian Light Horse in uniformBack row (left to right), Troopers Keith Cadman, Arthur "Friday" Dower, Bert Sommer, Norm Martin, Andy Mitchell, Tom Pearce; Middle row (left to right). Troop Leader Sergeant Edward "Ted"Davies, Troopers Jack Mortlock, Albert "Ab" Bohun, Aub Cadman, Les Freyer Front row (left to right), Troopers Henry Trenchard, A."Ed" Hertzog, Doug Dower, Nelson "Manny" Green, Eric Wheller, J. Parker.indi light horse, bethanga light horse troop, bethanga history -
Bendigo Military Museum
Administrative record - LEAVE PASS WW2, Government Printer, 1943
... Printed & hand written on front: “Australian Military... & hand written on front: “Australian Military Forces Leave Pass ...Lionel Sydney HARPER VX88514, enlisted 22.7.1942 age 24 years, discharged 14.11.1945 with the rank of Lieutenant in 40th Aust Infantry Battalion.Cream coloured paper with black print.Printed & hand written on front: “Australian Military Forces Leave Pass B8614160 VX88514, Lieu Lionel Sydney Harper, 1400 - 0800 Destination Melbourne, 10.11.45 - 12.11.45” Printed on back: “This Pass must be returned to orderly Room on expiration of leave”administration, leave, pass -
Melbourne Legacy
Badge, Badges from World War One
... from Active Service. Australian Military Forces. A.I.F.... Australian Military Forces. A.I.F.'. On the reverse '188589 Stokes ...A variety of badges that once belonged to J B McLean some are souvenirs and a couple are from the A.I.F. The badges for those returned from active service could be worn by soldiers and nurses who returned to Australia from active service and were honourably discharged. From information found online: The badge from Ypres is known as a sweetheart badge. Often produced post war as a souvenir. It is the arms of the city of Ypres/Ieper. The crown over the shield is called a "mural crown" and is often seen as part of the arms of cities and towns. The phrase 'sweetheart brooch' is commonly used, but is misleading, as it was not only 'sweethearts' that wore them. These were with other World War 1 memorabilia that has come from Private John Basil McLean, 2nd Reinforcements, 37th Battalion, A.I.F. J.B. McLean (Service No. 13824) was from near Maffra, Victoria and enlisted on 22 January 1916. He embarked on 16 December 1916 for Europe. He spent time with the Australian Field Artillery (Pack Section). At the end of the war he worked for a year at the A.I.F. Headquarters in London before returning to Australia on the 'Ceramic', arriving in Portsea in 1920. His full war record is available from the National Archives of Australia (B2455, MCLEAN JBM).This is an example of badges held by an ex soldier.Seven assorted badges collected by J B McLean. Two returned from active service AIF badges. A kangaroo badge on a blue enamel circle with the word ANZAC. Badge with the arms of Ypres surmounted by a crown. A pin with a field canon and a motto in latin. A pin with the Australian coat of arms from HMAS Australia sailing in the Great Fleet in 1916. A medallion with the Australian naval flag and the Union Jack.01122.1 On the front 'Issued by Dept of Defence. Returned from Active Service. Australian Military Forces. A.I.F.'. On the reverse '188589 Stokes and Sons Melb' 01122.2 'ANZAC' written in silver, on the reverse 'AJC Sterling' 01122.3 'Ypres' 01122.4 A latin phrase: 'Ubique constru stabiles Australia'. It could translate as 'everywhere together and trust'. 01122.5 On the front 'Grand Fleet. H.M.A.S. Australia 1916' 01122.6 On the front 'Issued by Dept of Defence. Returned from Active Service. Australian Military Forces. A.I.F.' On the reverse '117083 ? Perth' 01122.7 on the reverse 'Imitation'.world war one, soldier -
Frankston RSL Sub Branch
Handbook, Training, Mine Anti-Personnel M18A1 (Claymore)
... in the field by Australian Military Forces. This handbook has a light... Claymore mine used in the field by Australian Military Forces ...Small pocket size training handbook which includes instruction on topics related to Field Engineering and Mine Warfare, specifically, the Mine Anti-Personnel type M18A1 Claymore mine used in the field by Australian Military Forces. This handbook has a light blue coloured cover in card quality paper and contains 43 printed pages, the last seven pages are larger foldout pages. This book was published in 1966 by Australian Army Headquarters, Canberra. -
Bendigo Military Museum
Badge - BADGES, MOUNTED, C. WW1 and post WW1
... reinforced corners. 1. Australian Commonwealth Military Forces Badge... Military Forces Badge. 2. Purple/red felt 38th Battalion colour ...PBT No 21Collection of 5 badges mounted on purple velvet with metal reinforced corners. 1. Australian Commonwealth Military Forces Badge. 2. Purple/red felt 38th Battalion colour patch. 3. Chevron stripes 3 x blue stripes - Overseas Service, 1 x red stripe for 1914 enlistment. 4. Gold metal Empire Wounded stripe. 5. Gold metal Returned from Active Service Badge. "The Wounded Stripe No 4", stamped on backing of Wounded Stripenumismatics-badges-military, uniforms - badges, passchendaele barracks trust -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Document, Certificate of Discharge, AAF A16, 27/10/1972 12:00:00 AM
... Formal notification of discharge from permanent military... notification of discharge from permanent military forces ...Formal notification of discharge from permanent military forces of the Commonwealth of Australia, stuck into brown linen card cover bearing Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia. Register number P123910, the document was assigned to Private Neil Ernest Swainston , Rifleman, on 27/10/72 after 1 year and 183 days of effective service. Document is accompanied by cover letter from Central Army Records Office, Albert Park Barracks, Victoria.discharge certificate, national service - australia, swainston collection -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Medal - Memorial board Dunn
... Commonwealth Military Forces hat badge (Rising Sun), 'Australia' metal... containing Australian Commonwealth Military Forces hat badge (Rising ...20th Light Horse Regiment serving in a infantry role was posted to Merauke on the southern coast of Dutch New Guinea (now the Indoneasian province of Papua) in 1943. It was the only Australian Light Horse regiment to serve overseas in WWII. Sergeant Adrian Dunne, a native of Tocumwal NSW, was killed in action 12 November 1944. He was aged 25.Rare evidence of the service of the only Australian Light Horse regiment to serve overseas in World War II (1939-45). Timber framed display panel containing Australian Commonwealth Military Forces hat badge (Rising Sun), 'Australia' metal shoulder title, 1939-45 Star, Pacific Star, 1939-45 British War Medal and 1939-45 Australian Service Medal; and Colour patch of 20th Light Horse Regiment, black over gold. Objects are protected by a Perspex front cover sheet. Sgt Dunne's name is spelled incorrectly on the panel.20th Light Horse / Sgt Adrian Dunn / VX81616 Tocumwal / Killed Dutch New Guinea 1943.military, world war two, wwii, dunn, merauke, new guinea -
Clunes Museum
Memorabilia - MILITARY OBJECTS
... Commonwealth Military Forces... Australian Commonwealth Military Forces Memorabilia MILITARY OBJECTS ...WW1.1 Envelope and leave papers Sgt. T W Lewis 23 Jun 1919 .2 Brass military button, Navy .3 Brass military button, Army .4 Hand compass in brass case .5 Pin with Crown and ribbons (red, white, blue) .6 Legacy badge with safety chain marked President's Trophy" .7 Rising sun badges x 2 marked Australian Commonwealth Military ForcesOn back of Legacy Badge "Robin Lewis"lewis, v1353, ww1, rising sun, compass, buttons, legacy -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Badge - 8ALH title
... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered ...The 8th Light Horse was raised from companies of the colonial Victorian Mounted Rifles located in North-east Victoria following federation. In 1912 a major reorganisation of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered 16th Light Horse. Following World War One the regiment reverted to 8th Light Horse with the territorial title Indi Light Horse.Metal shoulder title of 8th Australian Light Horse worn on the epaulet during the period 1900-1912.light horse, victoria, federation -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Badge - 8ALH hat badge
... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered... of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered ...The 8th Light Horse was raised from companies of the colonial Victorian Mounted Rifles located in North-east Victoria following federation. In 1912 a major reorganisation of the Australian military forces resulted in the regiment being renumbered 16th Light Horse. Following World War One the regiment reverted to 8th Light Horse with the territorial title Indi Light Horse.Metal hat badge of 8th Australian Light Horse (VMR) worn during the period 1900-1912., and with motto 'Timeo Nec Sperno'light horse, victoria, federation, vmr, 8th -
8th/13th Victorian Mounted Rifles Regimental Collection
Uniform - 13th Armd Regt
... The 13th (Gippsland) Light Horse, a Citizen Military Forces... melbourne The 13th (Gippsland) Light Horse, a Citizen Military ...The 13th (Gippsland) Light Horse, a Citizen Military Forces unit was raised following WWI, and trained as a cavalry regiment till August 1940, when it converted from horse to mechanised initially as 13th Motor Regiment then 13th Armoured Regiment. It trained in Victoria and, as the Japanese threat to the mainland declined, was disbanded in October 1943 with men going to other units.Khaki woolen tunic with colour patches of 13th Armoured Regiment, metal buttons, Rising Sun collar badges and metal 'Australia' titles; fabric ribbon bar and overseas service chevrons.military, wwii, world war two, tank, gippsland -
Shepparton RSL Sub Branch
Uniform, Dress, C. 1940s
... “AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES” below an embossed image of Australia... indiscernible characters. Button reads “AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES ...This dress belonged to Dorothy May Mortlock (VF518245), who served as a Sapper with the Australian Women’s Army Service from 27 July 1945 to 1 August 1946.Light brown coloured woven cotton dress with button-up front secured by 6 metal buttons. Dress constructed of a skirt element attached to a short sleeve shirt-style torso section, a hook and eye sits on interior of two sections to fasten left and right sides together. One square topstitched pocket on the left chest and two angled hip pockets on front. Fabric belt with metal buckle held in place by fabric loops on both left and right side. Fabric epaulette passes through loop on both left and right side and secured with metal button. Two loops on interior left and right shoulders, left loop with inscription; woven label stitched to interior left side underneath which is a stamped motif.Ink inscription on interior loop difficult to read, “VF518245” and 5-6 indiscernible characters. Button reads “AUSTRALIAN MILITARY FORCES” below an embossed image of Australia with the King George V crown on top. Stamped motif reads “[broad arrow]/S.D.”women, wwii, world war two, second world war, australian womens army service, awas -
Bendigo Military Museum
Booklet - BOOKLETS, ARMY TRAINING MEMORANDUM No. 52 & 53, Aust Army, 1948
... of Australia in the centre. Australian Military Forces. The booklet... of Australia in the centre. Australian Military Forces. The booklet ...1. This is a cardboard covered booklet. Khaki coloured cover, black printing. It has the title at the top, khaki on a black bar. December - January 1947-48. No.52. It has the crest of Australia in the centre. Australian Military Forces. The booklet is fastened with 2 staples. Includes 60 pages, maps, photos and drawings. 2. Same type of booklet as No. 1, except now its February-March 1948, No.53. 66 pages with maps, drawings and photos.1. Inside the cover is - 333-T-2. 2. Inside the cover is - 333-T-3.passchendaele barracks trust, army information, amf -
Lara RSL Sub Branch
Uniform, Australian Engineers Force Officers cap
... is the crown) and around the edges says Australian Military Forces... Military Forces. At the front of the cap is a badge which says ...Army officer's peaked cap worn on formal occasions, dark blue with red band around hat. The peak top side is finished in high gloss black leather and the hat has a similar high gloss black hat band. Worn by an officer in the Royal Australian Engineers (RAE). This hat is referred to as a 'blues' hat.Navy blue cap with red and black trimming. The hat itself is a flat cap made out of navy blue felt. around this is a red felted band, itself encircled with a black patent band and peak. The black band is held on by two smaller badges, which are brass in colour and have an image of the Australian map (above which is the crown) and around the edges says Australian Military Forces. At the front of the cap is a badge which says: Royal Australian Engineers. On badge: Royal Australian Engineers. Moni Soit Qui Mal Y Pense Inside cap: L. Silberston and Sons Ltd London hat, engineer, army, australian army, rae, royal australian engineer, officer -
Shepparton RSL Sub Branch
Uniform, Tie, Nurses
... in the second military district of the occupational forces, presumably ...This tie is part of an official uniform by Sister Danson (VFX151507) during the British presence in Japan following the end of the Second World War. About 16,000 Australians served in the British Commonwealth Occupation Forces, including 130 from the Australian General Hospital with whom Sister Danson presumably served. Sister Danson was born in Numurkah and served as Leiutentant with the Heidelberg Military Hospital before embarking for Japan in 1947.This tie holds historic and representative significance, as a piece of standard military uniform that would have been worn by a nurse in the second military district of the occupational forces, presumably in Japan shortly after WW2. Brown synthetic fabric tie (formerly tied in simple Windsor knot) with peach lining. military, uniform, tie, nurse, second military district, occupational forces, ww2, wwii, world war two, world war 2, second world war, vfx151507, sister danson -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - JACKET, BATTLE DRESS, c.1916
... Bendigo Military Museum 37 - 39 Pall Mall Bendigo ...Worn by S J KIRKHAM No 685 1st Pioneers 8th Battalion. Refer cat No 1281 for his service history.Kahki Battle Dress Jacket issued in WW1.australia, military uniform, armed forces, costume, male -
Bendigo Military Museum
Uniform - HAT, SLOUCH, WWI c.1914
... until 1933 with the rank WO 2 in Stores. armed forces military ...Ernest OLD. Records show that he enlisted for the Boer War No 2356 on 11.7.1902 in the 2nd Australian Commonwealth Horse age 27 years. On 10.8.1912 he enlisted in the 17th Aust Light Horse No 84004 D Troop A Sqd. He then enlisted in the AIF No 77, 13th LH, HQ & Machine Gun Section aged 40 years on 22.12.1914. Embarked for Eygpt 28.5.1915. Embarked for Gallipoli 4.9.1915. Hospitalised 24.12.1915 with Parotitis / Mumps. Hospitalised 23.1.1916 with Debility. Transferred to 2nd Pioneers 14.3.1916. Embark for France 19.3.1916. WIA 14.11.1916 GSW thighs severe. Medically downgraded to C3. Returned to Aust 20.12.1917 re wounds and overage. Discharged from the AIF 27.3.1918. He then went back into 17th LH until 1933 with the rank WO 2 in Stores.Australian Lighthorseman Slouch Hat with pugaree, emu plume, badge & leather chin strap with metal buckle. The badge has the devil above a half wreath of leaves on a round red Petersham On Badge: "13/ALH" Handwritten inside crown: E. Old 7' (Size) Adelaide HATS COY 1028armed forces, military uniform, costume, hats, australia, male -
Bendigo Military Museum
Literary work - MANUSCRIPT, Bob Marmion, The Victorian Volunteer Force on the Central Victorian Goldfields 1858 - 1883
... military history - volunteer forces...Bendigo Military Museum 37 - 39 Pall Mall Bendigo ...Photocopy of original held by Castlemaine Art Gallery & Historical Museum. The inscription is the Castlemaine Museum's Registration No & location code.Manuscript, M A Thesis. Plain A4 paper with cut edges, 144 pages with black & white illustrations. Pages secured with a metal clip.Page (ii) top R hand corner: “3247 S3 C/F5”documents - education, military history - volunteer forces -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book, The Victorian Volunteer Force on the Central Victorian Goldfields 1858-1883, 2003
... military history-volunteer forces... goldfields books-military-history military history-volunteer forces ...Soft cover, buckram, spine binding. Grey coloured, black writing with image of army badge in centre. Pages 215 Illustrated with black and white photos, statistics and charts.:Donated by Bob Marmion June 2004"books-military-history, military history-volunteer forces -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book, Swan Street Sappers, 1995
... military history-volunteer forces... goldfields books-military-history military history-volunteer forces ...Multi-coloured cover (brown/blue.yellow/white) Cardboard cover Illustrated with black and white photos throughout and black text. Pages 204Rob Youl 13 March 2001books-military-history, military history-volunteer forces -
Bendigo Military Museum
Book, Brave and True. From Blue to Khaki, 2003
... goldfields books-military-history armed forces Soft cardboard/paper ...Soft cardboard/paper cover. White with sepia photograph. Blue trim on cover. Pages 136. Illustrated - black and white photos.books-military-history, armed forces -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Photograph - Glass plate, circa 1860
... colonial forces military defence volunteer act 1854 volunteer rifle ...This glass plate photograph shows good detail of uniformed and armed members of the early Volunteer Corps posing for their photograph in front of a young township. There are other well-dressed citizens behind them. Perhaps this was a special ceremony or event. It is likely that the subject of the photograph was the Warrnambool Volunteer Rifle Corps from Warrnambool in the 1860s if the following assumptions are made - - The Warrnambool Volunteer Rifle Corps was established in 1858 - the firearms held appear to be 1853 pattern Lee Enfield muskets used by the British army in Crimea at this time and in Australia, rather than the later Martini Henry cartridge rifles - The uniforms match other photos of the Warrnambool Garrison Militia and Band in our Collection, taken up until the 1880s - The three storey building in the photograph is alike to Warrnambool’s Manifold & Bostock flour mill, built in 1854 near the ‘cutting’ in Merri Street, which was one of the main streets at the time. If one faced the building’s front from a vantage point and looked south to south-east, the hills around Flagstaff Hill and Cannon Hill would be behind that mill, and the Harbour behind the hills. This is the area of the Fortifications - The glass plate method of photography was widely used during the mid-19th to early-20th century - The donor of the photograph is unknown but most likely to be a local family member Around this time the citizens of Victoria were prospering from the gold rush but felt isolated and uneasy about their security in the colony. In 1854 the Volunteer Act was passed to provide some military defence. In 1858 the Warrnambool Volunteer Rifle Corps was established, disbanded in 1863, then a new Warrnambool Detachment was formed in September 1866. Legislation was passed in 1884 that replaced the volunteers’ corps with a partly paid, permanent Militia Defence Force. The batteries manning the coastal forts of Victoria were termed Garrison Artillery Companies. When the Army was federated in 1901 there were eight Militia Companies in Victoria. Warrnambool and Port Fairy together were known as 8 Coy AGA (Australian Garrison Artillery). Changes to formation and name continued into the 20th century. This photograph is a record of the very early volunteer defence force in Victoria, showing the Militia Volunteers from the mid-19th century, likely to be the Warrnambool Volunteer Rifle Corps, which was established in 1858. The photograph signifies the connection of the colony in Victoria to the growing need for security due to the unrest in Europe at the time around the Crimean War. The photograph is also locally significant to the industry of the young township of Warrnambool, showing what is likely to be one of the first flour mills in the town. The photograph is also the only example of the early methods of glass plate photography in our collection. Photograph, rectangular glass plate, positive sepia image. Photograph has brass framed edges that fold over to the back with mitred corners. The front edges are pressed with a decorative floral pattern. The photograph shows a group of thirty military men, standing or kneeling, in dark uniforms with pillbox forage caps, round-collared jackets with light buttons, light sashes worn from top left shoulder to bottom right side of waist belt, and long, straight-legged trousers. Three of these men have light braid around the buttons on the front of their jackets, light frogging on their sleeve cuffs and stripes on the outside seams of their trousers. The other twenty-seven men have plain uniforms and are holding firearms in their right hands, steadied with their left hands. Other figures are standing behind this group of soldiers, including three or four men wearing top hats, jackets and ties. In the background is a row of buildings. The central building is three stories high. Bare hills are in the far background. The foreground is uneven ground with patches of short grass. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, glass plate, photography 19th century, colonial forces, military defence, volunteer act 1854, volunteer rifle, garrison artillery, volunteer corps, militia, militia garrison band, pillbox forage caps, 8 coy aga (australian garrison artillery), 1860, helpmann, manifold and bostock, 1853 lee enfield musket, tintype