Showing 980 items
matching rankin and stanistreet
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Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: MONUMENT HILL CONSOLIDATED LETTER
Letter ( handwritten in black pen) sent by Monument Hill Consolidated ( Bendigo ) Old Violet Street, Bendigo, dated 16th January 1935, to the Chairman and Directors. Letter deals with transfer of an area north of Rowan St., on 'your' battery lease to NellGwynne (BML) Mines. Recommends the right to lay a pipe line across the area from the dam to the proposed battery site, and also the transfer to your company of an area on the eastern side, as near as possible to the area granted on the north. Signed F. Chenhall, Mine Manager.bendigo, business, monument hill consolidated bendigo -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: NELL GWYNNE MINES LETTER
Letter to J.J. Stanistreet, Legal Manager, Monument Hill Gold Mining Co., Bendigo from Nell Gwynne Mines N.L., dated 26th September, 1934. Letter in connection with our request for the allotment to us of a section of the Monument Hill battery site area for use in disposal of mullock from our Nell Gwynne shaft. Mentions raising wall of existing wall of dam. Plan of the locality attached. See 2205.846.bendigo, business, nell gwynne mines n.l. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Plan - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: PLAN OF MONUMENT HILL BATTERY
Pale blue waxed paper plan. Written on back of plan ' Monument Hill Battery site, area desired by Bendigo Mines ( Nell Gwynne) for disposal of mullock. Plan shows Ophir Street, Rowan Street, Written on bottom RH corner 'Bendigo Mines Ltd., surface plan, vicinity Nell Gwynne Shaft, Scale 1" = 40' Magnetic north marked, sand dumps and contour lines.bendigo, business, mccoll, rankin & stanistreet -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: NOTES RE GOVERNMENT GAZETTES AND LIST OF PLANT
Two page, handwritten document on lined paper - front page reference to Victorian Government Gazettes and Chinese regulations, where listed in the gazettes and dates. Includes Chinese regulations for management of Chinese on Gold fields (1856) , Chinamans Flat Steam Engine company (1857), two Chinese murdered at Clinkers Hill, Castlemaine (1862) Charles Chromley Dowling appointed Chinese Protector (1857), John Chatfield Tyler Immigration agent, to carry out the Chinese Emigrations Act (1861) Back page dated 1947 lists "stocktake list of plant" On list - Deborah United 1946; North Hustlers; New Monument GMC, North Virginia, South Wattle Gully, Central Napoleon, Red, White and Blue Extended, Deborah Extended, New Don, East Clarence, Napoleon Reef, New Monument Battery, Deborah Extended. Possibly written by Albert Richardson.bendigo, mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: DIVIDENDS AND SHAREBROKERS, 10th July, 1977
6 page handwritten document. Front page ' List of Directors and Sharebrokers' List of mines. Pages 2 and 3 - list of sharebrokers in Victoria. Page 4 - list of dividends (25th) to Monument Hill Consolidated. Page 5 - dividend Information for North Deborah, Central Nell Gwynne, Monument Hill Consolidated. Quartz Block Mine. Notes re mines are andwritten on back of Bendigo Historical Society typed documents - 'Musicale, July 10th. 1977 at Dudley House. (scrap paper?) Possibly written by Albert Richardson. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: MAP OF MINE LEASES SYMONDS STREET, MCKENZIE ST WEST AREA BENDIGO, 2nd September, 1936
Blue waxed linen paper map. On top' Mining District of Bendigo' Parish of Sandhurst, County of Bendigo' Map shows lease 10135, area 32.1.19; lease 10371, area 30.0.23; lease 10179 area 41.3.4; lease 10370, area 49.0.1. Map indicates gully leading into and State Rivers and Water supply reservoir, water race; siphon, shaft, dam, residential area and some residential lots marked. Streets include Holly Street, MacKenzie Street West, Symonds Street, Aspinall Street, Emmett Street; Bendigo Creek marked at bottom of map. Scale 4 chains to one inch. Map is not dated.bendigo, mining, mccoll rankin & stanistreet -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: INDENTURE BETWEEN KING EDWARD VIII AND MONUMENT HILL CONSOLIDATED MINE, 2/09/1936
Indenture document number 10878, Vol 317 Folio 35044. Foolscap 4 pages including a map, dated 2nd September, 1936, between King Edward VIII (Crown land) and Monument Hill Consolidated (Bendigo) No Liability 'carrying on operations in the Parish of Sandhurst, to occupy and use the land demised as a site for machinery buildings and offices to be used in connexion with 'mining purposes' ' Document signed by Right Hon William Charles Arcedeckne, (Baron Huntingfield) and J. Stanistreet, Manager, affixed with the Common Seal of Monument Hill Consolidated (Bendigo) No Liability. Map drawn on dark buff paper, and fixed to document. Map shows lease 10878 in the Mining District of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, County of Bendigo. N.Area 2.2.24 ( 2 acres, 2 roods, 24 perches ) Lease site on Rowan Street, bordered by Ophir Street. Coloured in purple on plan with small red area. On bottom: ' Note Red Areas Excised. Scale 4 chains to 1 inch, M.M. Var. 8 degrees 32' E. On lease site, New Chum Gully marked, W.B. House, and Permanent Occy. marked on red area. On last page ownership of lease details from 1937 to 1942.bendigo, mining, monument hill consolidated, common seal of monument hill consolidated, nell gwynne mine, south nell gwynne gold mining company, bendigo mine, ophir street, rowan street, mackenzie street.indenture vol 317 fol. 35044. j stanistreet. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: MEMO BENDIGO MINES L. EDWARDS
Memo - Bendigo office. Stamped received 27 January, 1942. Memo re transfer to Central Nell Gwynne as purchasers and vendor Nell Gwynne (BML) re their right to leave machinery on 'this area'.bendigo, mining, south nell gwynne -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: LETTER RE LEASE 10931, 23rd January, 1942
2 page letter from Bendigo Mines No Liability, 360 Collins Street, Melbourne to Manager, Central Nell Gwynne Gold Mining Co., N.L., dated 23rd January 1942. Letter deals with the sale from Nell Gwynne Mines, to Central Nell Gwynne Company G.M.L., No. 10931. 'located within the boundaries of this lease was the main shaft of Nell Gwynne (B.M.L. ) Mines N.L. 'previous to this sale the leases held by the Nell Gwynne company had been consolidated into G.M.L. 10931 but a machinery area No 10878 also held by the Company covering the area around the main shaft to a depth of 25ft was not included in the consolidation owing to some technical objection by the Mines Department'bendigo, mining, bendigo mines no liability -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: INDENTURE NORTH DEBORAH MINING COMPANY, 20th November, 1952
6 page document ' Gold Mining Lease Crown land Number 11307 Bendigo' plus map. Indenture document between Queen Elizabeth 11 and North Deborah Mining Company No Liability, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 20th November, 1952 re Vol 333, Folio 053. Land indicated by yellow on map and below ' a depth of one hundred and fifty feet from the surface of the land indicated by purple colour and delineated on the plan' Document signed by J. Stanistreet, Manager, North Deborah Mining Company No Liability. Map, fixed to document, heading ' Mining District of Bendigo, No. 11307, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, Total area 13 acres 2 roods, 11 perches. Map shows large dam on Crown land, transmission line excised 150 ft., written on purple area. Underneath map ' provided that the dam indicated on the said plan is hereby reserved'.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: WATER RIGHT LICENCE NORTH DEBORAH MINING COMPANY NO LIABILITY, 19th August, 1941
4 page document plus map, Water Right Licence No. 1172, between King George VI ( the Crown ) and North Deborah Mining Company No Liability, Parish of Sandhurst., dated 19th August 1941. "to take and divert water at the points marked 'source of supply' on the said plan the quantity thereof not to exceed in the aggregate one hundred thousand gallons per diem' Plan: 'Mining District of Bendigo No. 1172 W.R., County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. Plan has dam area coloured in red, with pipe line drawn in red, leading from Battery marked on lease 11145 across lease 9988 to dam. Streets marked: Adams Road, Honeybone Street, Griston Street. (Golden Square area)bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company, north deborah mining company, adams, honeybone, and griston streets. (golden square) -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: GOLD MINING LEASE NORTH DEBORAH MINING COMPANY, 29th August, 1950
6 page indenture, plus plan, between King George V and North Deborah Mining Company in the Parish of Sandhurst, dated 29th August, 1950 to operate a gold mine. Indenture numbered 11231 Bendigo, Vol 331 and Folio 36457. Plan shows Hargreaves Street, Violet Street, Lily Street, Sullivan Street railway line, and leases numbered, 11230; 2107; 11062, 11033, 11013, 11219, 11175. Shafts and tracks indicated. Dam shown on lease 11013. Scale 8 CHAINS TO A INCH. Coloured key to plan shows depths, Crown Land, and surface excised. Total area of lease 48 acres, 3 roods, 22 perches.bendigo, mining, north deborag mining company, north deborah mining company, hargreaves, violet, lilly, sullivan streets. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: GOLD MINING LEASE NORTH DEBORAH MINING COMPANY, 6th May, 1941
6 page indenture document plus plan, between King George VI and North Deborah Mining company, no liability, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 6th May 1941. Lease number 11146 Bendigo. ' all that piece of land above a depth of one hundred feet below the surface of the land delineated and coloured yellow' Signed by J. Stanistreet, manager. Plan shows excised area in pink. Excised below 100ft shown in yellow ( lease 11146 ) On top of plan ' Mining district of Bendigo, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. Area section has been amended to show 1 rood, 14 perches. Leases on plan : No. 9988, 11013, 11062, 11033, 11146, 10753, 11020. Streets: Sullivan Street, Hargreaves Street, Violet Street, Queen Street, King Street. Railway line shown. Scale 8 chains to 1 inch.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company, north deborah mine, j stanistreet, sullivan heargreaves, queen, king streets. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: INDENTURE GOLD MINING LEASE CROWN LAND 11197 ALICE PEEL, 8th July 1945
6 page indenture document plus plan, between King George VI and Alice Peel Executrix of the Will of Edward Peel, deceased., dated 8th July, 1945. Lease number 11197, total area of 11 acres, 3 roods, 15 perches. Leases shown on plan: 1197, 1198, 11062, 10690, 11141, 11075. Cemetery reserve shown. Streets: Gladstone Street, Adam Street, Houston Street, Fletcher Street, Honeybone Street, Key on plan shows depths correlated to colours. On back of document history of ownership of lease shown - Deborah Gold Mines No Liability, dated 1946, and 1950.bendigo, mining, lease 11197 bendigo. edward peel, alice peel, edward pell, gladson, adam, huston fletcher and honeybone streets. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: INDENTURE, GOLD MINING LEASE CROWN AND RONALD ALEXANDER RANKIN, BENDIGO, 24th June 1941
6 page document, Gold Mining Lease 11166, plus map. Indenture between Crown (King George VI) and Ronald Alexander Rankin of Bendigo, dated 24th June, 1941. Map No. 11166 Bendigo, Mining District of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst, County of Bendigo. Map shows lease 11166 marked in yellow with shaft, ore bins and tramway marked. Belle Vue Road , Adam Street and Griston Street shown on map. ( Golden Gully area) Dams indicated on lease holdings. Other lease holdings: 1675 T.L.9858, 10990, 11013, 11062, 11165, 11063 (void) 1172 W.R. (dam thereon) 9882 (void). Some residential lots marked along Belle Vue Road, and Adam Street. On bottom of map 21.8.41 in pencil. On last page of document : North Deborah Mining Company now the proprietor of the within described estate by transfer registered on 11th November 1914.bendigo, mining, north deborah lease, belle vue road, adams street, griston street, golden gully, ronald alexander rankin, north deborah mine. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: INDENTURE GOLD MINING LEASE NO. 11145 CROWN AND NORTH DEBORAH MINING COMPANY, 14th February, 1941
6 page document plus map : Gold mining lease No. 11145 between Crown ( King George VI) and North Deborah Mining Company, Parish of Sandhurst, dated 14th February, 1941. Map: Lease No. 11145 'Mining District of Bendigo, County of Bendigo, Parish of Sandhurst. Total area 48 acres, 3 roods, 22 perches. Map has extensive colour key indicating depths below surface that will be mined. Crown land and surface excised shown in orange cross-hatching. Lease holdings on map: 10753, 11020, 1363 T.L., 1115 T.L., 11013, 11062, 11033, 9988. Dam shown on 11013. Railway line marked through centre of map. Map refers to central area of Bendigo and includes reference to Hargreaves Street, Violet Street, Lily Street, Breen Street and Sullivan Street.bendigo, mining, north deborah mining company, breen street, lilly street, hargreaves street, voilet street, sullivan street. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: MONUMENT HILL CONSOLIDATED MINE COMPANY PAYMENTS
Hardcover ledger, dark green with red spine, containing entries of payments by the Monument Hill Consolidated Bendigo N.L Company for wages, fuel, insurance, pyrites, gold advance, mint return, workers compensation etc. Dates from 3rd September, 1937 to 18th November, 1942. Printed across the top of all pages:' Notice to the Auditors, you are requested to report on all payments not authorised by the Directors'. ITEMS IN THIS BOX HAVE NOT BEEN SCANNED.business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: MONUMENT HILL PLAN
Plan of Monument Hill mine drawn in black ink on buff coloured tracing paper. Plan shows diagram of stope and describes rock profile; 1" F.W. quartz, lava, slate H.W. quartz and slate with threads of quartz. Hard sandstone on side of stope. Signed LCS (?) 8/4/38business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL,RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: RECEIPT MONUMENT HILL CONSOLIDATED
Receipt written on buff flimsy paper ' Eaglehawk 23/12/38, Received the sum of fifteen shillings from the Monument Hill Consolidated Mining Company per E.S Phillips, being payment for 3 lbs mercury. W. Reed'.business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: STATE ACCIDENT INSURANCE OFFICE WORKERS COMPENSATION
Two papers stapled: 1. pink excess notice from State Accident Insurance Office, Melbourne to Manager, Monument Hill Consolidated (Bendigo) N.L. for workers compensation premium of £351/16/2. 2. white paper showing calculations in pencil, relevant to premium.business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: STATE INCOME TAX AND UNEMPLOYMENT RELIEF TAX ASSESSMENT FO
Notice of assessment for State Income Tax and Unemployment Relief Tax for Monument Hill Consolidated, Charing Cross, Bendigo, for £3/6/-. 4 receipts attached with pin.business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: LIST OF PAYMENTS MONUMENT HILL CONSOLIDATED CO
A4 sheet dated 31/8/39, handwritten list of payments - kerosene, mercury, firewood, fuses for motors, wire rope, fittings for sand pump etc. On top of paper ' Monument Hill Consolidated Co.'business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: DEBORAH MINE JOURNAL
a. Hard cover book, green cover, red spine. Written on front of journal: 'Deborah Journal', entry dates from 1932 to 1950. Salaries and other payments listed. b. Typed three page transcript of significant entries inserted inside front cover of book. List compiled by Phyllis Toy, BHS member.business, mining, monument hill consolidated company -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: NEW DON NO LIABILITY MINUTE BOOK
a, Minute book, 282 pages, green cover, red spine. 'Minute book' written on label on front with New Don N.L. handwritten on label. Record of meetings held between 5th December 1932 to 9 November, 1948, handwritten and later typed. Stuck to front page notice from Registrar-General's Office, dated 25th August, 1933, Notices of Manager and Office, filed 24/8/1933. b. Inside front cover, 8 page typed record of minute book entries, by Phyllis Toy, 2015, BHS member.business, mining, new don no liability mine, j.a. michelsen chairman of directors, j. trevena mine manager, jorgensen & sons, de gruchy company solicitor -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: NEW DON NO LIABIITY CORRESPONDENCE
Two documents relating to winding up of the Company. a. Letter to the shareholders, dated Thursday 18th November, 1948, stating that at a special general meeting of shareholders that directors were empowered to have 'the Company wound up voluntarily and that the company's property be sold by Public Auction ......' b. Financial statement as at 9/11/'48 for New Don No Liability, total assets £820.4.8.business, mining, new don no liability mine -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: GOLDEN CARSHALTON N.L
a. Minute book, green cover, red spine. On front cover on label ' Minute Book' written on pen ' Golden Carshalton" Book contains minutes of Director's meetings dated from 22nd. July 1946 to 4 June 1952. b. Typed account of Director;s meetings contained in Minute Book. (Phyllis Toy 2015, BHS member)business, mining, golden carshalton nl, j.j. stanistreet, legal manager; l. rubinstein director; geo pell, mine supervisor; w.. ellwood mine manager -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: BELLEVUE TRIBUTE COMPANY LEDGER
a. Hard cover ledger, 242 pages, dark buff colour,paler buff spine and corners. Bellevue Tribute Company ledger 1871 - 1873. Written on spine, on red label 'Ledger". Affixed inside front cover account from Charles C. White, auctioneer, dated September 21, 1872 listing sale of 900 shares, signd by Chas White, agent for the legal manager. Receipt affixed on next page, blue paper, outlining receipts from sale of shares forfeited from the Bellevue Tribute Co. Alphabetical index with details of individual ledger entries. Ledger entries include: dividends,wages, crushing, carting, stores and materials, firewood, mining materials, foundry work, management, contractors, treating pyrities, auditors fees, bullion, drainage, and share calls accounts. Individual share holders' accounts listed: W. Brooks W.J. Scott, W.V. Gilbert, H. Boyd, J.B.Loudan, A.B. Shaw, J.. Taylor W. Bentley, J. Cole, Antonio Damiana, Thomas Francis, Peter Strickland, W.J. Dalzell, Arthur O'Neill L. Robertson, J. Wallen, A. Raynor, I.H. Simpson, william Brookes, William Barclay, H Crow, C. Keen, J.B. Loridan, M. Leeds, Arthur O'Neill, M. Sullivan, William Scott, I Britten, J. Cohn, J. Cox, C. Franklyn, E. Fry, I.L. Morley, A. Lennox, J. Penistan W. Smith. b. Brief typed account of some entries in ledger. ITEMS IN THIS BOX HAVE NOT BEEN SCANNEDbusiness, mining, bellevue tribute -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: PRINCE OF WALES TRIBUTE CO SHARE REGISTER
Hard cover book, blue cover, buff spine and corners, 'Share Register' written on spine. Affixed to front page Act No. 228, blue document, certifying that the mining company called 'The Prince of Wales Tribute Company' was incorporated at the Court of Mines Sandhurst. Dated 30th May 1870. Book contains an alphabetical listing of share holders, dates 1869 - 1870, providing details such as who the shares were transferred from and to, calls on shares. Names include: Francis Babett; William Blackham, Joseph Bell, Joseph Brandon, Joseph Bullen, Josephy William Carrs, Charles Henry Colliers (Collins?), W.J. Cocking, J Davies, John Gregory Edwards, P. Fletcher, George Freeman, Peter Gilbert, John Henry Giles Harry Giles, Thos Gilbert, J.P Gray, J. Greenslade, Alfred Horbury, Michael Hayes, J(?) Holman, Geo Hull, Hugh McColl Henry Marshal, Matthew Moran, Alfred Miller, John Miller, Henry Oates, Phllip O'Neill, John Powell, Morris Phillips, William Piggott, Charles Quinn, John Roberts, Aime Ruedin, Nm Rae, John Scott, John Sinclair, P Simonsens, R Southby, William Thomas, Edward Tinsdale, William Henry Templeton, Sam Trant, John Taylor, David Veale, Walter Watkins J & S Williams, S. Williams, N (?) Winter, Geo Watson N (?) Webb, ITEMS IN THIS BOX HAVE NOT BEEN SCANNED.business, mining, prince of wales tribute co. -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: SOUTH DEBORAH GOLD MINES JOURNAL
a. Hard cover book green cover, red spine. Written on front 'South Deborah Gold Mines No Liability Journal' Containd handwritten journal entries for years 1941 to 1952 Inserted loose pages (2) with handwritten profit and loss account 1952. Contains entries relating to expenditure in mine including timber, printing, stores, air, mine charges, fuel, lighting, cartage, crushing charges. Salaries to Gl Kingsley, W. Edwards, and wages for workers. b. Two page typed summary of information contaned in journal, prepared by Phyllis Toy ( approx 2015). ITEMS IN THIS BOX HAVE NOT BEEN SCANNED.business, mining, south deborah gold mines -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Document - MCCOLL, RANKIN AND STANISTREET COLLECTION: SHARE REGISTER, UN-NAMED . (NEW CHUM AND VICTORIA TRIBUTE CO. NO.2)
Share journal, dark blue cover, buff spine and corners. Register contains names and transactions of shareholders. No name found on register, front pages removed. Dated 1871 - 1874. Names of shareholders include: A. Sonnenschien, Eaglehawk; Henry Needs, Sandhurst; John Leadbetter Eaglehawk; H. Streckpuss Sandhurst; George Watson Sandhurst; Frederick Srager Sandhurst; A. Kleingarn Sandhurst; William Wirth Sandhurst; R.S. Campbell Melbourne; James Rowe Sandhurst; Charles McManus Melbourne; Henry Gerkin Sandhurst; Joseph Arnold Eaglehawk. See research tab for information, sourced from Government Gazettes online, on mine. ITEM SHOWN IS THE ONLY ITEM IN THIS BOX THAT HAS BEEN SCANNED.business, mining, unknown