Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Goldfields Police and Diggers, 1853. Slide also shows a miner in the background and mines, and what would be the Commissioners tents with the flag flying. Markings: 37 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.Hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Slide: The Government Camp, Castlemaine, 1852. The original in the Mitchell Library. Slide shows timber buildings of the Government camp and miners tents. Markings: 15 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

BHS CollectionDiggers & mining. The gold era. Some travelled on foot to the digging, - - - Slide shows diggers with their belongings on their backs and bags in hand, and a dog following. One miner has a boy with him. Markings 13 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Study of Winter's Swamp commissioned by BEN and completed by BHS. The swamp was named after one of the first European settlers in the district. Winter Swamp LAT -37 32 LONG 143 47, Parish of Dowling Forest, County of Grenville Winter Swamp, on the southwest corner of Ballarat West Town Common, was not included in the original proclamation of the Common in 1861. However, being marshland, it was not considered suitable for grazing, so was added to the Common soon after 1861. Winter Swamp is a large wetland with native and exotic pasture significant for wildlife. John Winter (Jock) was born in Berwickshire, Scotland. He married Janet Margaret Irving the daughter of Robert Irving, advocate, Bonshaw, Dumfries, Scotland. Winter died in Ballarat in 1875 and was buried at the Ballaarat Old Cemetery. He took up the run Bonshaw from 1841; Leigh River Buninyong 1842-46; Junction, Delatite, March 1851 to September 1862; with sons: Carag Carag and Corop, April 1857 to September 1872; Colbinabbin and Stewart’s Plains, April 1857 to December 1872; St Germains February 1867 to March 1871. (The name became Winter-Irving in 1890). Mr John Winter, who died on August 22 at the age of 72, was a man of some note it the mining community of Ballarat. He was a self-made man, and one of our oldest colonists, it being over a quarter of a century age since he took up county about Ballarat and settled at Bonshaw. He died very rich. It is calculated that if he had retained an interest in all his runs, his income must have been not less than £10,000 or £50,000 a year. Some eight or ten years ago he sold his Bonshaw pre-emption to the Bonshaw Gold mining Company for £20,000, and a few years later the ground belonging now to Winter's Freehold Company brought him £50,000 more, the payment being made at the requisition of the deceased in sovereigns. In these relations Mr. Winter has been closely identified with the mining industry at Ballarat. The deceased was a native of Lauder, in Berwickshire, and landed in Victoria several years before the gold discovery.The principle task of this project was the delivery of a report outlining the history of European settlement in the Skipton and Cardigan/Ballarat districts as pertinent to the use of and impact on the natural environment of the two reserves Skipton Common and Winter Swamp. The report was delivered in digital form only. The report, upon completion, was presented to the Network’s Committee in order to discuss the project. The report identified and described the uses of Skipton Common and Winter Swamp, and their impacts. In particular, this report examined farming/grazing (official and informal), mining, vegetation removal (including the removal of woodlands for timber, grasslands for pasture improvement) & use of riparian areas for access to water and timber removal. Recording the more benign and environmentally friendly uses such as picnicking, community activities, nature walks and the roles of organisations such as Field Naturalists’ and Bird Observers’ clubs, school and scout/guide groups will be relevant in helping to depict overall community attitudes towards the reserves; e.g.: has the Common generally been viewed as little more than a grazing paddock and fire hazard; has Winter Swamp always been the unknown natural asset that seems to have been its lot for at least the past 40 years? In this regard, the more contemporary history of actions surrounding the use and management of the reserves is of particular interest, in view of the extant evidence at both reserves; e.g. the actions of the Shire of Ballarat in the 1980s in establishing Winter Swamp as something of a competitor to Lake Wendouree but with a more environmental bent (although almost none of the plants used are indigenous species, but that is part of the story); the trotting track constructed on Skipton Common in the 1960s following representations to Premier Henry Bolte and the cropping of the western section of the Common to raise funds for the town’s new swimming pool, the fertilizing of the land putting an end to the native grassland vegetation. There are obviously multiple sources of information to source in preparing the report, however sources that the contractor is specifically requested to consult are the Skipton Historical Society, the former Skipton Common managers (specifically Graeme Pett), the Cardigan Windermere Landcare Group and the Learmonth Historical Society (believed to hold many of the former Shire of Ballarat’s records pertaining to the Council’s role as the Committee of Management for both Winter Swamp and the Ballarat West Town Common – Winter Swamp was split between 2 separate Crown Land tenures). The contractor is also encouraged but not required to utilise community newsletters, such as the Skipton Community Newsletter, to publicise and seek information about the project. Skipton Historical Society (Mary Bradshaw) contacted on Thursday 12 June 2.30pm. Mary lived on a farm out of Skipton but is currently living in the township. She remembers walking along the creek of the Common especially in spring and autumn in bare feet and that it was a very pretty place. There were a few snakes around the waterway in summer. People put cows and a couple of horses on the commonage to graze. Graeme Pett has always lived close to the Common and would know a lot about it. Other possible contacts would be Nicole Petress, Secretary of the Progress Association, and the Corangamite Council, Camperdown. Digital images of Winter's Swampwinter's swamp, ballarat, john winter, ballarat environmental network, mullawullah

Diggers & mining. The gold era. In 1855, a new constitution provided for responsible government under two houses of legislature (a Legislative Council and a Legislative Assembly), both elected under a restricted franchise. Markings 37 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. The first meeting of the Victorian Legislative Council (20 elected by property owners and 10 nominated). The slide shows all that were at the meeting. Including people in the balcony. Markings 35 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. As field proved less productive the diggers rushed to some new discovery. Slide shows diggers moving to another gold field. Markings 25 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. On Sundays, all work was suspended and divine service was attended. Slide shows a service being held under a tree, tents under the background and a cradle in the foreground. Markings 24 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. This tent interior gives some idea of the living conditions of the diggers. Slide shows fire place, table, stump for seat, bed, cooking pots and kettle. Markings 23 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Light brown covered auction catalogue for a sale on 25th October, 1939 at the Buninyong Rand Gold Mine, Buninyong of Mining Machinery, Plant, Buildings, Tools and Equipment. The auctioneers were J. H. Curnow & Son and the catalogue was printed by the Cambridge Press, Bendigo.business, auctioneers, j h curnow & son pty ltd, ian dyett collection - auction catalogue - buninyong rand gold mine, j h curnow & son, the cambridge press

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. (Hughen) and, in December, 1854, the unrest came to a head in an armed clash between the Government and the diggers at Ballarat. Slide depicts the battle that took place. Markings: 40 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Slide shows Gaol at Forest Creek. Labelled 'Gaol, Forest Creek, 1852'. Failure to produce the licence on demand was punishable by fine or imprisonment. Markings: 33 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. HQ or Assit. Commr. at Myer's Creek, B'go. 1852. . . . Others were stationed at outlying digging to maintain order and, in particular, to issue licences. Markings: 28 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

BHS CollectionDiggers & mining. The gold era. Having pegged his claim, the digger took some washdirt to the nearest stream, where he puddled it. Slide shows diggers puddling, tent in background. Markings 15 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

BHS CollectionDiggers & mining. The gold era. Others from overseas, hearing of the immense wealth to be so easily gained, arrived in ships like this. Picture shows a lage sailing ship called Lightning. Markings 8 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Gold. In 1873, Chinese labour was used to break a mine strike at Clunes; and in 1878, seamen on the east-coast ships went on strike to protest against the use of cheap Chinese labour by ship owners. Working men were again fearing Chinese labour as a menace to employment and wage standards. Markings: 10 994.GOL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. In 1854, the first railway line was opened, between Flinders Street and Hobson's Bay. Slide shows a picture of railway station. STG on bottom left corner of slide. Markings 42 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. As the surface workings became worked out, deep alluvial mines were developed. - - - Slide depicts different sediment layers above the mine, and the above ground workings. Markings 31 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. IN 1855, the government, realizing that the diggers had a grievance, substituted the miner's right for the licence. Slide shows a copy of a Miner's Right 26 March, 1856, William Lunn. Markings 29 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Slide: Pensioners, Forest Creek. The licence was obtained from the licence office at the Commissioner's headquarters. Slide shows Commissioner and an officer outside the Licence Tent. Markings: 9 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. . The Government Camp.. From September, 1851, till June, 1855, the digger, to ''dig, search for, and remove''' gold on or from Crown lands, had to obtain a licence to the purpose. Markings:2 994.LIF:4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Commissioner's hut in the Government Camp. Tent of Asst. Commr., Bendigo Camp, 1854. Some Assistant Commissioners worked with the Resident Commissioner at the Government Camp: . . . Markings: 27 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Gold. Slide shows a bustling restaurant, poster advertising White Star Liverpool, Ballaarat Trumpeter Poster laying on counter top. Makings on picture: S.T.G., Interior of John Alloo's Chinese restaurant. Ballaarat. James J Blundell ? ? Melbourne. Section underneath reads; The interior of John Alloo's Chinese restaurant. Ballarat. Markings: 15 994.GOL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. Gold. In 1842, an association of New South Wales pastoralists was formed to recruit Chinese coolies, and bring them to the colony as cheap indentured labourers for the squatters' runs. Not many Chinese were brought out under this scheme; in the Port Phillip District in 1849 there were only 217 Asiatics - most of them Chinese. Markings: 13 994.GOL. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & mining. The gold era. Market Square, Castlemaine, in 1855.Shows many businesses in the Market Square. Many nationalities on the street, most are walking, some with a hand cart, also ox pulling a wagon. Markings 51 994.031 GOL:5. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Slide: By Tulloch. Commissioner's Tent. Mt. Alexander, 1851. A Union Jack was flown to denote the headquarters of a Commissioner. Slide depicts tents, flag, police, and diggers. Markings: 7 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Diggers & Mining. The gold licence. The Government Camp. Depicts diggers on the goldfield with one on the run. Some diggers avoided payment - and ''digger hunts'' were a feature of many fields. 'Joe! Joe!' marked on picture. Markings: 32 994.LIF. 4. Used as a teaching aid.hanimounteducation, tertiary, goldfields

Document. Pastel Drawing Book, 'Bulldog' Series No. 589, containing series of invoices and documents relating to the Hargreaves family. Items stuck in book in order includes: invoices from J.R. Hoskin, Bendigo Timber and Iron Yards relating to construction of residence in Spring Gully (1896); Certificate of Registration of Residence Area for Thomas Snowdon, adjoining Hargreaves residence 200 yards from Reservoir; Elector's Right for John Billman Hargreaves of Mandurang, Tanner; handwritten note (Bairnsdale 24.1.34) on John Billman Hargreaves born 1861 on 14 June on Sheepwash Creek in Mandurang riding Shire of Strathfieldsaye near Bendigo possibly registered at Strathfieldsaye, Kangaroo Flat or Bendigo. Father's name John Hargreaves (English) mother's name Hosannah Hargreaves nee Billman'; 2 scrip certificates issued by 'Tanners Gold Mining Compagnie Pipers Hill, Sheepwash' overwritten on top of document ( underneath North Lord Warden Tribute Co., ) scrip certificate issued to John B. Hargreaves on 25 September 1882; invoice Jas. Knowlton, late J. Moody, watchmaker and jeweller, No. 1 Bath Corner, Bendigo 3.8.1895 for Diamond brooch; invoice H. Credginton watchmaker and jeweller and optician for 1 gem ring. Loose document inside contains written advice re taking wool off sheep skins and curing hides.person, individual, hargreaves, hoskins, hargreaves, snowdon, elector's right, tanner's gold mining compagnie, north lord warden tribute co., knowlton, credgington