Showing 1832 items
matching poles
-
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Digital image, Peter Bruce, "No. 39 approaching Sebas", 1970s
Yields information about the Sebastopol route and area near the terminus.Digital image, black and white, of No. 39 in Albert St Sebastopol, north of the Sebastopol terminus. Shows the condition of the track and the number of poles in the section. Taken with a telephoto lens. Photo taken by Peter Bruce 1970's and 1971, prior to the closure of the Ballarat tramway system. Peter's Title of image: "No. 39 approaching Sebas"trams, tramways, sebastopol, tram 38 -
Charlton Golden Grains Museum Inc
Photograph - Postcard, Charlton Post Office c. 1950s, c.1950
Charlton's third Post Office. The first was built in 1878 in Camp St, the second was an ornate brick building built in 1879 on the present site in High St. The third Post Office was built in 1941 as an upgrade to the earlier building.Postcard showing the brick Post Office building on High Street. Three windows on each side of the central entrance. Clock above the entrance. Signage above entrance Charlton Post Office. Telegraph pole and open gate on LH side of picture. Text at the bottom of the postcard says POST OFFICE, CHARLTON. No. 4.POST OFFICE, CHARLTON No. 4.charlton post office, charlton, business -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Photograph - Harbeck's Store, 1910
Second copy 18 x 25 cm, purchased from Win Burnett 1992Black and white photograph of activities in front of Harbeck's Store. Long telegraph poles are lying in foreground, stacked railway sleepers behind them, eight horse team harnessed to log wagon in front of general store, grain store and residence. Two smaller wagons, horses and men in image. Lakes Entrance Victoriaretail trade, township, animals, clothing, room display -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Postcard - Post Office Jetty, 1940c
Black and white small format postcard of the Post Office Jetty, showing a steamer at the end of the jetty, the passenger shelter, rock groyne from shore into lake, bluestone rock retaining wall and flagstone path at edge of lake, three electricity poles and one memorial cypress tree in distance. Lakes Entrance VictoriaThe Pier Lakes Entrancememorials, waterfront, ships and shipping -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Postcard - Kalimna West School, 1900c
Building used as community hall and school until Education Dept built school nearby.Black and white postcard showing early Kalimna West Primary School, square water tank on side of building, home made swing on right, flag pole on left, vegetable garden in foreground, two people, lady and boy, dressed in 1900s style clothes. Uncleared bush in backgound. Kalimna West Victoriaschools, halls -
Lakes Entrance Historical Society
Postcard - Central Hotel Lakes Entrance, 1932c
Black and white postcard of Central Hotel, showing the brick Spanish style building constructed 1930-1931. Fronts the Esplanade and Cunninghame Arm. Postcard features memorial cypress trees planted 1924, bluestone wall along the lake front, white painted public bench, electricity poles. Lakes Entrance VictoriaHotel Central Lakes Entrancehotels, memorials, tourism, arts -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Photograph, c. 1880
Taken in the 1880s, depicted is a large group of children and adults dressed in formal clothing picnicking upon the bank of Lake Kerferd. The five members of the group are holding union jack flags that have been hoisted upon portable flag poles. The group is seated by the lakeside in a grassed area beneath eucalyptus trees.This image was taken in the 1880s at Lake Kerferd. Lake Kerferd was created in 1862 to retain water for gold mining purposes from the Hurdle Swamp, and to additionally serve as Beechworth's main water supply. It was named after George Briscoe Kerferd, a Beechworth businessman and councillor, who later became the tenth Premier of Victoria.Sepia rectangular photograph printed on matte photographic paper mounted on boardentertainment album, picnic, lake kerferd, beechworth, burke museum, kerferd -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s - set of 4, Eldon Hogan, 16/06/1973
Photographs of the installation of the wooden overhead support poles at the depot. No. 26 in the background, note the construction of the overhead troughing in the background as well. Date possibly 16 June 1973 - based on the list of dates in the 1972 - 73 Annual Report. Photographer Eldon Hogan. See also Reg Item 4758 for colour slides.Yields information about the installation of the overhead poles on the depot fan.Set of four black and white photographs on Agfa paper.trams, tramways, btm, depot fan, construction, overhead, tram 26 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - W6 984 at South Melburne Beach terminus, c1975
Night Photograph of W6 984 at the South Melbourne Beach terminus with the Bleak House Hotel in the background. Tram has arrived at the terminus and both trolley poles are up. Tram has a RESI investment advert on the front and a Winfield 25 cigarette advert on the side. Cigarette advertising in Victoria was banned during 1976.Yields information about W6 trams and the South Melbourne Beach terminus.Colour print on Kodak paper with black borders. trams, tramways, w6 class, tram 984, south melbourne beach -
Creswick Museum
Photograph, Herman Moser, 1867
Photograph, Sepia, Easter Sports 22 and 23rd April 1867 in aid of Creswick Hospital. Structures in order from gate 1 No. 3 Publican’s Booth- W. Davies. 2 Richardson’s Show 50’ x 25’ inside platform 14’ outside 21’ x 18’ (Braganzro (?) provide poles) 3 Refreshment Booth 50’ x 12 ½ ‘ shingle roof, bazaar and wheel of fortune (J. Hook) 4 No. 1 Publican Booth, T. W. Anthony 40’ x 20'. 5 Storage for donations. Secretary’s office, Steward’s room 60’ x 13’. 6 Dancing Booth 80’ x 30’ floored with such boards; contains 8,000’ of ?? 7 No. 2 Publican’s Booth W. J. Whatman. Sports commenced 1 p.m. 2 large swings at south end of ground; running was 300 yards round platform for dancing in center; skittle alley fenced off near entrance; portion roped off on East side and provided with seats for ladies; entrance 1/- children 6d A. M. Wilson- Aunt Sally; Mr. Rowell- Doodlem Buck ; 3 shils a penny; Bobbly Down; Wheel of Fortune; Sunny’s ? ; skittles, Dancing excellent string band Monster balloon ascends last day, sent by J. Moore at conclusion of sport. Full brass band. Easter Sports Committee; H. Piening treasurer; C. Whiffle; E. Williams; J. Machiman; H. Williams; G. Frazer; B. Trevan; W. Johnson. W. Pobjoy Hon. Sec. Refreshement Booth; Mesdames Geljon, H. Williams, Moore, Sedon (2), Burke, Grigan, Whalley.Lennon Troupe: Lennon, Burrel, & Carroll Taming a Tiger. Photograph taken from Water street about intersection with East side of Roger street. Photo taken by H. Moser Monday 22nd April 1867) Easter Sports 22 and 23rd April 1867 in aid of Creswick Hospital. Photograph, Sepia, 1 No. 3 Publican’s Booth- W. Davies. 2 Richardson’s Show 50’ x 25’ inside platform 14’ outside 21’ x 18’ (Braganzro (?) provide poles) 3 Refreshment Booth 50’ x 12 ½ ‘ shingle roof, bazaar and wheel of fortune (J. Hook) 4 No. 1 Publican Booth, T. W. Anthony 40’ x 20'. 5 Storage for donations. Secretary’s office, Steward’s room 60’ x 13’. 6 Dancing Booth 80’ x 30’ floored with such boards; contains 8,000’ of ?? 7 No. 2 Publican’s Booth W. J. Whatman.photograph, h. moser, easter sports, creswick -
Waverley RSL Sub Branch
Minefield Warning Flag
German Luftwaffe (Land Forces) minefield warning flag from WWII.originally intended to be gas markers, rather than mines, but as it turned out, the use changed .they were mounted on a red metal pole & there were 12 to a set in a leather pack. This Flag was presented to the Treasurer of Waverley RSL. It is a souvenir from Bardia in Libya The Battle of Bardia was fought over three days between 3 and 5 January 1941, as part of Operation Compass, the first military operation of the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. It was the first battle of the war in which an Australian Army formation took part, the first to be commanded by an Australian general and the first to be planned by an Australian staff. Major General Iven Mackay's 6th Division assaulted the strongly held Italian fortress of Bardia, Libya, assisted by air support and naval gunfire, and under the cover of an artillery barrage. The 16th Infantry Brigade attacked at dawn from the west, where the defences were known to be weak. Sappers blew gaps in the barbed wire with Bangalore torpedoes and filled in and broke down the sides of the anti-tank ditch with picks and shovels. This allowed the infantry and 23 Matilda II tanks of the 7th Royal Tank Regiment to enter the fortress and capture all their objectives, along with 8,000 prisoners. In the second phase of the operation, the 17th Infantry Brigade exploited the breach made in the perimeter, and pressed south as far as a secondary line of defences known as the Switch Line. On the second day, the 16th Infantry Brigade captured the township of Bardia, cutting the fortress in two. Thousands of prisoners were taken, and the Italian garrison now held out only in the northern and southernmost parts of the fortress. On the third day, the 19th Infantry Brigade advanced south from Bardia, supported by artillery and the Matilda tanks, now reduced in number to just six. Its advance allowed the 17th Infantry Brigade to make progress as well, and the two brigades reduced the southern sector of the fortress. Meanwhile, the Italian garrisons in the north surrendered to the 16th Infantry Brigade and the Support Group of the British 7th Armoured Division outside the fortress. In all, some 36,000 Italian prisoners were taken. The victory at Bardia enabled the Allied forces to continue the advance into Libya and ultimately capture almost all of Cyrenaica. In turn this would lead to German intervention in the fighting in North Africa, changing the nature of the war in that theatre. Bardia boosted the competence and reputation of the Australian Army. Perhaps most important of all, it raised confidence in the possibility of an ultimate Allied victory around the world, which would lead to the Lend-Lease Act being passed in the United States http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_BardiaCloth Flag bearing a skull and cross Bones on a metal spike mounted on a square varnished wooden basebardia, land mine, marker flag, minefield, mustard gas -
Unions Ballarat
Photograph - Photographs: New Flag Poles - Trades Hall - 2018, 26 April 2018
The Ballarat Trades Hall building was erected in 1887 - the foundation stone being laid on 15 October of that year. The photographs show new flag poles that were installed to the building on 26 October 2018. Flags shown in the photos are the Red Flag and the Flag of the Southern Cross. Scaffolding was erected to undertake restoration of the building façade. Significant to the character of the Ballarat Trades Hall building.Electronic photographs - jpeg.ballarat trades hall, ballarat regional trades and labour council, btlc, flags - red, flags - southern cross, flags - btlc, building works -
University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus Archives
Photograph - Black and white print, Dahlias in Front of Pavilion, Unknown
Note by T.H. Kneen 19 November 1991," the bell is now located on the main college building over the entrance under the flag pole. The bell was used to signal class and work periods." NB bell was stolen in 2014. Dahlias and gladioli were still being trialled by the Royal Horticultural Society of Victoria in 1974.2 copies of black and white photograph. Bed of large dahlias in foreground, roofline of the Pavilion with Belfry on the roof in background. On reverse, "Dahlia Porthus (sic Porthos?). Bluish purple" and "slide" (glass lantern slide?)dahlias, pavilion, belfry, bell, royal horticultural society of victoria -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - SEC Geelong 16 at Chilwell, Wal Jack, 23-6-1949
Photograph of Geelong No. 16 at the Chilwell terminus 23/6/1949, with the J. Cahill Milk bar, shop in the background. Would appear the driver / motorman has just entered the end to drive back into town. Both poles are still on the overhead. Tram has the destination of Chilwell. See item 7117 for the original negative.Yields information about the Chilwell terminus and Geelong 16.Black and white photograph, with hand written details on rear.See rear image. tramways, trams, geelong, tram 16, chilwell -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Slide - Tram 449 William St, Keith Caldwell, 14/03/1966
Photo by Keith Caldwell of W2 449 north bound in William St, about to cross Little Lonsdale St, running a route 55 West Coburg. Tram has a advert for Remy Martin Brandy. Alongside the tram is the Metropolitan Hotel. William St has the centre poles in the view - 14/3/1966Yields information about William St Melbourne and tram services.Perutz colour slide, grey plastic mount,In ink "Bourke 14.3.66" and a purple date stamp.trams, tramways, william st, w2 class, route 55, west coburg, tram 449 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - X1 460 Ballarat Rd, Jim Seletto, c1960
Photograph shows X1 class tram 460 with destination Railway Station at the corner of Ballarat Rd and Summerhill Rd. The road is busy with cars and trucks and a number of men and women are walking from the curb to board the tram. The single male crew member (driver/conductor) is swinging the single trolley pole to the rear of the tram.Yields information about MMTB X1 and the final years of the short Footscray lines before their closure in 1962Black and white with photograph's note on rearIn biro on rear: '460 Ballarat Rd, J Seletto Photo JSE 11'trams, ballarat rd, footscray, x1 class, tram 460, one man operations, tramways -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document, The Met, "Notice to one person tram operators", 26/1/1990
Notice to one-person tram operators about operating tram services such as destinations, trolley poles, shunting, tram insulated, derailment or split points, fire on tram, front door loading, announcements, leaving the vehicle unattended and handover, Dated 26/1/1990. Issued at the time of the introduction of one - person trams.Yields information about the operation of one person trams.Set of 6 A4 sheets stapled in top left hand corner.tramcars, tramways, operations, one man trams, one person, instructions -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - VR tram 39
Photograph shows bogie car VR tram 39 with destination Elwood Depot, most likely on an outside track in the depot yard. The tram sits at a turnout surrounded by vegetation with trolley pole raised and all weather blinds down on the off-side. Male with hat ,perhaps workshop staff, appears to be in driver cabin. Yields information of Railways tramcar 39 and Elwood Depot Black and white photograph with letter G showing in lower left corner of print from previous collection. No notes on rear.victorian railways, elwood depot, vr tram 39 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Cable tram 520 Collingwood terminus, c1939
Photograph shows cable trailer 520 and grip car at the Johnston St terminus of the Collingwood line. The grip car has a destination box showing Lonsdale St. In the background is a service station, a hotel and a grocery shop. On the pole in front of the tram is a Cincinnati-type Bundy clock. From the C B Thomas Collection.Yields information about the Collingwood cable tram services and the Lonsdale St services.Black and white photograph with notes on rear.In ink "14" and "K McC"tramcars, tramways, cable trams, lonsdale st, collingwood, tram 520 -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Drawing, c 1890's
This drawing of the screw steamer SS Edina depicts the vessel in the period of service in Australia from the 1870's onward until the time when she was cut down to use as a 'lighter' to carry cargo in 1938. The artist is unknown. ABOUT THE S S EDINA The three masted iron screw steamer SS Edina was built in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1854 by Barclay and Curle. She was adorned with the figurehead of ‘fair maid of Judea’. The many years of service made SS Edina famous world-wide as the longest serving screw steamer. (The term screw steamer comes from being driven by a single propeller, sometimes called a screw, driven by a steam engine.) SS Edina’s interesting history includes English Chanel runs, serving in the Crimean Ware carrying ammunition, horses and stores to the Black Sea, and further service in the American Civil War and later, serving in the western district of Victoria as well as in Queensland and carried gold, currency and gold prospectors Australia to New Zealand. SS Edina had the privilege of being an escort vessel to H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh during his visit to Australia in 1867. In March 1863 SS Edina arrived in Port Phillip Bay, Melbourne and was bought by Stephen Henty, of Portland fame, to work the cargo and passenger run from Melbourne – Warrnambool – Port Fairy - Portland. After a short time of working the run from Australia to New Zealand, with passengers and cargo that included gold and currency, she returned to her Melbourne - Warrnambool – Port Fairy run, with cargo including bales of wool produced in the western district of Victoria. The Warrnambool Steam Packet Company purchased SS Edina in 1867; she was now commanded by Captain John Thompson and Chief Engineer John Davies. She survived several mishaps at sea, had a complete service and overhaul and several changes of commanders. In 1870 SS Edina was in Lady Bay, Warrnambool, when a gale sprung up and caused a collision with the iron screw steamer SS Dandenong. SS Edina’s figurehead was broken into pieces and it was not ever replaced. SS Edina was re-fitted in 1870 then was used as a coastal trader in Queensland for a period. She was then brought to Melbourne to carry cargo and passengers between Melbourne and Geelong and performed this service 1880-1938. During this time (1917) she was again refitted with a new mast, funnel, bridge and promenade deck, altering her appearance. In 1938, after more collisions, SS Edina was taken out of service. However she was later renamed Dinah and used as a ‘lighter’ (a vessel without engine or superstructure) to be towed and carry wool and general cargo between Melbourne and Geelong. In 1957, after 104 years, the SS Edina was broken up at Footscray, Melbourne. Remains of SS Edina’s hull can be found in the Maribyrnong River, Port Phillip Bay. This drawing of the SS Edina is significant for its association with the screw steamer SS Edina. The SS Edina is heritage listed on the Victorian Heritage Database VHR S199. She had endeared herself to the people of Port Phillip Bay as a passenger ferry, part of their history and culture. She played a significant role in the Crimean War, the American Civil War and the gold rush in New Zealand. She also served western Victoria for many years in her cargo and passenger runs. The SS Edina is famous for being the longest serving screw steamer in the world. After spending her first nine years overseas she arrived in Melbourne and her work included running the essential service of transporting cargo and passengers between Melbourne and the western Victoria ports of Warrnambool, Port Fairy and Portland. The SS Edina was purchased in the late 1860’s by local Warrnambool business, the Warrnambool Steam Packet Co. and continued trading from there as part of the local business community. The SS Edina’s original ‘fair maid of Judea’ figurehead was broken to pieces in a collision with another vessel (the SS Dandenong) in a gale off Warrnambool, Victoria, in 1870.Drawing in pen and ink, of screw steamer vessel SS Edina, framed in decorative timber and glass. View of bow of SS Edina with vessel's name on bow. SS Edina is in dry dock, background shows a power pole and roof. Ship configuration in the drawing was 1870's - 1938. Drawing dated c. 1890's.Drawn on bow "EDINA"warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, shipwrecked artefact, barclay & curle, figurehead 'fair maid of judea', centenary maritime exhibition 1934, a brief review of steam navigation in victoria, pleasure steamer edina, trade and travel late 19th and early 20th century, trade melbourne to geelong, screw steamer edina, coastal trader edina, lighter dinah, cargo carrying for cremean war, cargo carrying for american civil war, passenger and trade in western district of victoria, export gold and currency and gold diggers to new zealand, export vessel to h r h the duke of edinburgh, melbourne - warrnambool - port fairy - portland cargo run, warrnambool steam packet company, stephen henty, captain john thompson, chief engineer john davies, lady bay warrnambool, lighter edina, shipping victoria, port phillip bay steamers, steamship great britain, edina, vhr s199 victorian heritage database, drawing of ss edina, pen and ink drawing of ss edina, pen and ink drawing 1870's - 1938, maritime drawing of screw steamer -
National Vietnam Veterans Museum (NVVM)
Model, South Vietnam River Assault Boat
A model boat that has one person at the front holding robe and another person is inside the cockpit. The boat has three flags, one on deck with yeallow colour and red "X", one is white with three red horizontal stripesin middle on pole next to cockpit and one look like a pirate flag behind the cockpit.South Vietnam Assault Gun Boatmodel boat, south vietnamese assult gun boat -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Negative, Wal Jack, late 1930's
Yields information about Ballarat 's tram operations and the Victoria St terminus.Negative and Digital image of the Wal Jack Ballarat Negative file of No. 20 at the Victoria St terminus. A crewman is about to step from the car. In the distance is a horse drawn cart delivering - possibly bread or milk. The tram has the destination of Gardens via St west. The trolley pole is yet to be turned. Shows the overhead arrangements. trams, tramways, victoria st, horse drawn vehicle, tram 20 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Document - Photocopy, "Box Hill - Doncaster Tramway, Transverse Section of Road", c1990?
Photocopy of a drawing showing the proposed transverse sections of the Box Hill to Doncaster Tramway. Drawing prepared at a scale of 4 feet to the inch. Shows the dimensioned sections with the tramcar, poles, sleepers and metal ballast in cutting and in bank (fill). Photocopy larger than original drawing. Has part of a stamp in the lower right hand corner.trams, tramways, box hill, doncaster, plans, sections -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Slide - 35mm slide/s, Travis Jeffrey, c1962
Agfa plastic mount (blue base, white cover) with a photo of Bendigo 7, in McCrae St, near Arnold St. at the end of the double line track. Note the "End of Section" sign on the pole. Tram has the destination of North Bendigo. Photo taken c1962. Tram has a "The Age" sign on the front cab panel."BES 7" in penciltramways, trams, bendigo, mccrae st, signs, tram 7 -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, B. Prentice, 8/04/1973 12:00:00 AM
Yields information about the construction of the track and depot fan c 1972 and in particular the installation of the poles.Black and white photographs of three trams on the depot fan about April 1973, prior to the installation of poles and the commencement of the construction of No. 1 road. The troughing on No. 2 road has been installed. Photo Bob Prentice. See - 1972 - 1973 Annual Report which has a list of dates on page 3 of events at the depot."Bob Prentice" in ink on rear.trams, tramways, depot fan, btps, construction, tram 40, tram 27, tram 26? -
Kew Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Entrance to Boroondara General [Kew] Cemetery, 1979
Original black and white print positive photograph of buildings, including the clock tower, and entrance to the Boroondara General Cemetery in Kew.The photograph, by Nita Green [of Reno] is taken from High Street and shows the northwest corner of the High brick wall surrounding the complex. There is a tram shelter at left and a woman standing beside a light pole.Reverse: "Donated by Nita Green 1979 / Entrance to Boroondara Cemetery"boroondara general cemetery, cemeteries - kew (vic.), nita green -
Diamond Valley Vietnam Veterans Sub-Branch
Flag - Flag stand, c2002
Centrepiece, including flags with the perspex Long Tan Cross plaque, form the DViets focus point at meetings; the Centrepiece also forms DViets focus point at ceremonies,If there is a single most revered DViet asset...this is it. It is towards this Centrepiece that we direct our attentions as we remember those who died in Service and those who have since passed on.Six pieces consisting of: VVAA (Vic) flag, national flag, 2 flag poles at 8ft c/w pike and join sleeve, flag stand (made from 105mm brass canister), and stainless steel frame, an illuminated perspex Long Tan Cross affixed and hard wired to Nui Dat Room wall.Diamond Valley Vietnam Veteransdiamond valley vietnam veterans sub branch, vietnam war -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, CLC, early 1950's?
Photograph, Black and White, Birney No. 217 on the Russell St route, Footscray in Barkly St , Cnr Commercial road, just to the west of Geelong Road. Note the tram and bus stop signs on the pole with the traffic lights, and the bus in front of the tram. One of the buildings has an "Ealing's radio electrical sign" Early 1950's?In ink on the rear: "MMTB X217 on Russell Street route at Footscray. / In Barkly St Cnr Commercial Road, immediately west of Geelong Road. / /5" Has KSK number CLC36 in to right hand corner.trams, tramways, footscray, birney, tram stops, bus stops, russell st, barkly st, buses, tram 217 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Negative, Wal Jack, 1/09/1941 12:00:00 AM
Black and white negative, by Wal Jack, of S160 at the corner of Lygon and Holden St Brunswick. The conductor is attending to the pole while another person can be seen in the front cab. The tram has the destination of Lygon St and a headlight mask. Photo dated 1-9-1941 in the Wal Jack album along with details of the location.trams, tramways, lygon st, world war 2, holden st, s class, conductors, tram 160 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black and White photograph, 1920s
.1 - Black and White photo of NMETL No. 1 (U class, letter M, Maribyrnong River) westbound in Racecourse Road Flemington, at the intersection with Wellington and Pridham St. Note the centre poles. The Railway over bridge is in the distance. c1920. A horse drawn cart with hay or straw is alongside while two ladies cross the road.On rear in ink "Photo David Bowman Coll."trams, tramways, newmarket, racecourse road, flemington, u class, tram 1, nmeltl