Black and white photograph showing early building of eastern pier at entrance to Gippsland Lakes from ocean Bass Strait. Partially built pier with tramline and rocks in place, railing along boardwalk on right. Two ladies on beach on left. Lakes Entrance Victoria. Also two other copies ocean, waterways, public works

Pap boats date from approximately 1710 and were in extensive use until the end of the nineteenth century. They were used to feed pap to infants or invalids. Pap was a mixture of breadcrumbs, flour, rice or barley mixed with fluids such as broth, milk (if the infant was lucky), water, wine and even beer, to aid the digestion of pap it was often pre-chewed by the nurse or nanny. Pap was a popular form of infant nutrition for almost 300 years and used in many well to do homes. For unwanted or illegitimate infants in foundling homes it was often the only form of sustenance, however, and as a result the mortality rate was appallingly high. Despite a growing number of experts advising against the use of pap, it nevertheless persisted as a major source of infant nutrition in many nurseries until the late 1800’s, largely due to the ignorance of nannies and nurses who took great delight in disregarding the advice of physicians, who they believed were usurping their position in the household. ‘Nanny knows best’.(Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales, 'Pap Boat')Mary Howlett (1840-1922) began practising as a country midwife in 1866 in the western district of Victoria. She qualified as a 'ladies monthly nurse' in 1887 and continued to practise as a nurse and midwife until 1920. She began her six months training at the Melbourne Lying-In Hospital. She was known by many as 'Auntie', and her career spanned more than 50 years. Mrs Howlett's midwifery box and contents were given to Dr Frank Forster, and he donated them to the museum collection in 1993. Small round white china container with an extended slim lip. Fluid capacity approximately 30-90ml. The boat has been made from two moulded sections. infant care, infant feeding, midwifery

Black and white photograph (2 copies- 1 large, 1 postcard size)Image shows a group of attendees including the following personalities: "Man in light suit LHS Horace Fenton, Headmaster Ringwood School and behind with moustache Mr. Gray, school inspector. RHS Herman Pump with watch chain. Captain E.T. Miles seated, directly behind him his son A.T. Miles. Mrs. Cooper is the lady in second row between the two ladies seated in front".

Illustrated book, front and back cover have coloured illustrations of Crimean War conflicts on a pale grey background. The front cover also has a coloured illustration of a woman in quasi military dress. This last illustration also appears at the top of the spine. The book's title is printed in dark and light brown ink at the top of the front cover and the author's name is printed in light brown ink at the bottom of the front cover. The spine has a light brown background, with title printed in white and light blue, author's name printed in black, and publishers name printed in white. The back cover also has a summary of the booknon-fictionThe pioneering work of Florence Nightingale has become legendary, but in this book the author also champions the contribution of the women whose stories have largely gone untold-the nurses, cantinieres and army wives who played a vital, but often overlooked role in the theatre of war. Mary Seacole's establishment of "The British Hotel' near Balaclava supplied fatigued soldiers with much needed comfort and medical attention, earning her the respect of many men, but no official recognitioncrimean war, mary seacole, nurses, nursing, women in war, florence nightingale

CWA members Muriel Mitchell and Ella McKenzie at International Food Banquet held in the CWA Hall Carpenter Street Lakes Entrance Victoria 1995. These ladies were the best of friends .Black and white photograph of CWA members at International Food Banquet held in the CWA Hall Carpenter Street Lakes Entrance Victoriaclubs, social history

Also two other Todd family photographs one with horse and three ladies Black and white photograph of elderly couple possibly Todd with young baby Lakes Entrance Victoriapeople, genealogy

Illustrated book with dust jacket that has been covered with a clear protective film. Dustjacket has a red background. Front cover has an oval photograph of a woman in Victorian dress (Lucy Osburn) This photo has a grey frame with swirls. Also, on the front, the title is printed in white and the author's name in black. Title (in white) and author's surname (in black) are also printed on the spinenon-fictionThis book is a historical account of the early days of nursing in Australia, specifically focusing on the Sydney Hospital and Lucy Osburn, who arrived in Sydney in March 1868lucy osburn, sydney hospital-history, nursing-australia-history

The Bendigo Womens Auxiliary was actually formed in 1936 and went through until 2002. Due the Soldiers Memorial Institute becoming a Museum and the formation of the Bendigo District RSL Sub Branch Inc the Auxiliary decided to cease fund raising. Their last meeting was held on 26.8.2002. During their time at SMI the Ladies conducted weddings, functions and other fund raisers to support the Bendigo RSL. At the RSL Annual Dinner each year which the ladies catered for they would present the RSL with a cheque. The Auxiliary were awarded 6 Life Memberships and two Certificates of Merit with gold badge.Charter, small brown section timber frame with details on white background. Top has the RSL badge with flags either side followed by the wording establishing the Auxiliary. Main wording is in gold colour.Main wording, " Victorian Branch hereby establishes and constitutes the Bendigo Womens Auxiliary" "Dated at Melb the 25th Day of May 1994" "Bruce Ruxton State President" "......... State Secretary"brsl, smirsl, charter, auxiliary, wabrsl

Identification provided by the donor, Mrs Ruth Edgar (nee Johns), as follows: Back row - L to R: Miss Hilda Davis (later Mrs F A McLaughlin), of 16 Valonia Avenue, aged 103 in 1995 and the only one in the photo then alive; E Murray Johns, eldest son of Rev and Mrs Wesley Johns of Mont Albert; he married and built a home in Scheele Street and lived there until he was promoted to Head Office of the Bank of NSW; brother of the donor; Miss Ethel Street from Wodonga, daughter of Mrs Theresa Street in the front row; an unidentified friend; Mr Walter E Davis, Manager of the Telegraph Branch of the G.P.O. and a keen member of the Surrey Hills Bowling Club, owner of 40 Windsor Crescent and an active member of the Surrey Hills Methodist Church. Front row - L to R: Mrs W E Davis, sister of E J Nuttall of Surrey Hills, one of the co-designers of the Australian flag; W Lyndon Davis, son of Mr & Mrs W E Davis, who built and lived in Lightfoot Street; Mrs Theresa Street from Wodonga, sister of Mr W E Davis & Mrs Wesley Johns; Mr Walter Street, son of Mrs T Street, newly returned from WW1 with his young English bride, Helen. Walter Edwin Davis - born 1858, married Bertha Amy Nuttall / Davis (1864-1941) in 1889. Walter Lyndon Davis (1895-1970) Ruth Lilian Johns (1911-2004) daughter of Wesley Johns & Elizabeth Davis. The photo was enlarged & reprinted from a 75 year-old photo 2 inches by 3 inches by a local firm "Think Negative" in Mont Albert. A black and white photograph of 5 women and 5 men assembled in a group in the garden of a building. One man is in uniform, the other men are wearing suits. The ladies are wearing long skirts.valonia avenue, windsor crescent, lightfoot street, world war, 1914-1918, helen (mrs), mr e murray johns, rev wesley johns, scheele street, miss ethel street, mrs w e davis, miss bertha amy nuttall, walter lyndon davis, walter edwin davis, miss hilda davis, mrs frederick arthur mclaughlin, mrs theresa street, miss theresa emily davis, miss elizabeth davis, mrs elizabeth johns, walter frederick street, mrs helen swtreet, miss helen hewlett, ernest murray johns

Black and white copy of original photograph showing a wooden building with iron roof, Hotel with a house to the left and picket fence and tree on the right. There are a group of 9 people standing in front of the building/Hotel. One man, two ladies, three girls and three boys. A wooden bench seat along front of Hotel."O'Meara's Junction Hotel at Springvale (now Pittong) opposite the Kaolin Mine. L-R Maria O'Meara, Lizzie Lowry, Lucy O'Meara, Martha O'Meara, John O'Meara, John O'Meara jnr, James O'Meara, Charlie O'Meara, Mrs John O'Meara. The Children James and Martha O'Meara were still living in the Hotel - by then unlicensed - in 1953, and were murdered there in September of that year."john o'meara senior, maria o'meara (nee o'brien), charlie, lizzie lowry, pittong, spring vale, lucy o'meara, john o'meara jnr, james o'meara, charlie o'meara, martha o'meara, maria o'meara, o'meara's junction hotel

-1 Group of Anglican clergy alter boys and women -2 Alter inside Stawell Anglican Church -3 Anglican Hall at rear of church -4 Group of fifteen ministers in robes -5 Minister and family in front of Anglican manse -6 Minister with ladies tennis group Six black and white photocopy prints related to the Anglican church religion

Collected by Dorothy Brumby in relation to Great Western ResearchB/W photograph of two men seated and three ladies standing in white dresses with flowersTo Dear Maud & A?? with best love from Ern and Gladys 20/6/16

The photograph was taken outside the Evangelismos Greek Orthodox Church East Melbourne following a celebratory eulogy marking the unification of the Heptanese (seven islands) with Greece in 1864. The Heptanese are located in Western Greece in the Ionian Sea. They include Kerkira, Zakinthos, Lefkada, Ithaca, Paxos, Kefallonia, and Kythera. The celebration is organised each year by Melbourne's Heptanesean Federation and commences with a celebratory church eulogy followed by afternoon tea and cultural activities at the host clubrooms. The women are dressed in traditional dress of each island .Ithaca (and the other islands of the Heptanese) were unified with Greece in 1864. From approx 1500 Ithaca was under centuries-long Venetian rule, which largely preserved it from becoming part of the Ottoman Empire, thus creating a distinct cultural identity with Venetian influences. Following a brief period in 1797 of French rule, Ithaca became a British protectorate from 1809 until 1864 followng which the island was reunified with the modern Greek state. Although Ithacans made up the largest number of Greek migrants who settled in Melbourne in the first half of the twentieth century, other Greeks from the neighbouring Ionian Islands also migrated to Australia during those years. In particular from Lefkada, and also from Kythera most of whom settled in regional towns in New South Wales and Queensland.A newspaper cutting mounted on white cardboard which includes a photograph taken in front of a brick building with a caption below in Greek. The photograph is of a celebration and features eight ladies dressed in Greek traditional dress in front of a group of people. The celebrations by the Heptanesian Federation of Melbourne for the 135th anniversary of the unification of the the seven Ionian islands with mother Greece, commence tomorrow with a celebratory eulogy at the The Holy Temple of the Evangelismos Church East Melbourne. The afternoon of the same day at the Lefkadian Brotherhood Hall, 12A Bell St; Coburg, the Federation has organised a cultural and musical afternoon dedicated to 'The Seven Diamonds of the Ionian'. The program will feature a talk, 'Angelos Sikelianos, an environmentalist, before his time', by Mr. N.Sofokleos; recitations from Stathis Raftopoulos and Thanasis Makrigeorgos; and Heptanesian melodies and songs from the choir and orchestra of the Educational Group of Florina, Melbourne. At the conclusion , savoury snacks, coffee and sweets will be served. Entry is free. In the photo, a snapshot of last year's event.eptanesian

A group of Ithacans on an outing to a Melbourne beach. Back - unknown; middle l-r, unknown, Chrisoula Kallinikos-Sikiotis, Nina Black; front Nina Kallinikos-Black.A sepia print of four ladies and one girl standing on steps which are leading to a beach. The names of the people have been written on the back of the photograph. There is a white border surrounding the photo.

Irini Pappas and her husband Paul Anagnostou are photographed with the captain's wife (right), Irini's father's first cousin during the visit of the SS Gratsos ship. She was one of only two women ever qualified as first mate. At the time the Women's Weekly ran a double page spread featuring her. in Greece on board a ship travelling to or from Ithaca.'George D. Gratsos - Ithaca' printed on the buoy indicates that the ship was part of the Gratsos shipping company. The shipping activities of the Gratsos family from Ithaca began in 1902, when Georgios D. Gratsos (1870–1931) bought the ship Odysseus, in partnership with the Dracoulis family, of which Gratsos' wife was a member. A print of a black and white photograph of a man and two ladies on a ship's deck. A life buoy ring with the words ' George D. Gratsos - Ithaca' is on the rails on the left of the group. irini pappas, ithacan ferries

The family group photograph was taken at the wedding of Jim Vlassopoulos (Kioukiouris) and Melita Zavitsanos. Pictured are - back row from L-R: Helen Stratos, Ioannis (Jack) Vlassopoulos (Kioukiouris), Jim and Toula Kandiliotis, Jim and Melita Vlassopoulos, Nick Defteros (Melita's uncle from Brisbane), Vicky and Orpheus Kandiliotis and Fotoula Moraitis, Jim's cousin. Flower girls/page boy: Christine, Clem Jr and Joanne Kandiliotis. Jim was born in Melbourne and Melita arrived in Australia from Ithaca in 1954. Jim and Melita met in Melbourne and were married in 1955. A black and white studio photograph of a wedding group which includes 5 men, 5 ladies, two little girls and a young boy. There are white trellis screens behind the group.

Family group photograph at the wedding of Jim Kandiliotis and Dimitra (Toula) Makri which took place in 1949. Standing from L-R: Kleomenis (Clem) and Jean Kandiliotis, Peter Zapatos, Nick Kandiliotis, Loula Kostos (nee Sikiotis), Jim and Toula Kandiliotis, Poppy and Parry Gabriel, Eutichia Vlassopoulos, Marinos Drakopoulos, Vicky and Orpheus Kandiliotis. Front L-R: Chrisostomi Kandiliotis (groom's mother), Danae Kandiliotis, Jim Vlassopoulos and Eustathios Kandiliotis (groom's father)Black and white studio photograph of a family wedding group. There are eight men, seven ladies, a flower girl and a young boy in the group. Two white trellis screens are behind the group.

The family group photo is at the wedding of John (Yianko) Kallinikos (Collins) and Amelia (Milia) Kandiliotis. From L to R: Haralambos Kallinikos, Marigo Kallinikos, Yianko and Milia Kallinikos, Chrisoula Sikiotis (nee Kallinikos), Theodore Kandiliotis, Chrisostomi Kandiliotis (nee Deftereos Dellis) and Efstathios Kandiliotis Young boy: George Black. Flower girls from L to R: Athena Sikiotis and Danae Kandilotis.A black and white studio photograph of a wedding group. There is a curtained backdrop behind the group of four men and four ladies. a young boy and two flower girls.scotis

Photograph is at the wedding of Costas Defteros and Anastasis(Tasista) Raftopoulos. From left: Argiris Deftereos, Nina Chalkiades, Marika Deftereos (groom's mother), Costas and Tasista Defteros, the best man Marinos and Eutichia (nee Vlassopoulos, Kiourkiouris) Drakopoulos, Agathi Drakopoulos (Marino's mother, nee Deftereos Dellis). Flower girls from left: Chrissa Kandiliotis and Christine Kandiliotis. Young boy is Jim Drakopoulos. Kostas and Tasia settled in Brisbane.The photograph was taken at Hioni Photo Studios which was located opposite the Evangelismos Church in Victoria Parade. Many of the post war Greek immigrants of the 50s and 60s had their wedding studio photos taken at Hioni's. A black and white studio photograph of a wedding group of three men, five ladies, two flower girls and a little boy. The group are standing behind a curtained window.Hioni Photo Studios

A family photograph is at the wedding of Vasilis and Louisa Papageorge which took place in New Zealand. To the right of the bride is Nick Razos and Peter Razos. The couple seated are Stathi and Chrisostomi Kandiliotis. Flower girl is Loula Polites, daughter of Ari and Nitsa Polites. A comparatively small number of Ithacans chose to settle in New Zealand following a similar migration patter to Melbourne. Most NZ Ithacan families had relatives living in Melbourne.A black and white studio photograph of a family wedding group of seven men, six ladies, and two flower girls. The group were photographed in front of a large curtained backdrop.SPENCER DIGBY Wellington NZ

Back row L-R: John Raftopoulos (Patakia), Anastasia Raftopoulos (nee Karantgis) and Theodora Raftopoulos, Peter Karantgis, Michael Raftopoulos. Front row L-R: Dennis Raftopoulos, John Karantgis and Ekaterini Karantgis.A black ands white studio photograph of a family group of three men, two ladies, an older and little boy and a girl. The older couple and little boy are seated in front of the rest of the family members. A draped curtain is behind the group.family photograph

A group family photo of the Vlassopoulos family (Kopela) from Lahos taken in 1925 in Ithaca. Eugenia Vlassopoulou (nee Raftopoulou) is pictured with her in-laws and five young children. Her husband, Dimitrios Vlassopoulos, was in Australia at the time. They did not reunite till 1950. Back row L-R: Panos and Eustathios (Stathi) Vlassopoulos. Middle row L-R: Eustathios and Erigoni Vlassopoulou, Eugenia Vlassopoulou, unknown. Front row L-R: Costa, Nikos and Erigoni ( Nitsa ) Vlassopoulos. Prior to migrating to Australia Dimitrios had been to America where he had worked in cafes. He brought with him many ideas which he introduced in his business in Red Cliffs. Stathi, Pano and Costa all migrated to Australia in the 1930; their mother, Eugenia and siblings Erigoni and Nikos in the 1950s. In the early years the family had cafe businesses in Red Cliffs and Hopeton. Like other Ithacans members of the Vlassopoulos family migrated to Australia during the first half on the twentieth century and went on to open businesses in country Victoria and Melbourne. Also like many Ithacan women of that era, the wife/mother remained on the island to raise the children, whilst her husband's travelled abroad for work and to support their families.A black and white photograph of a family group of a man, three ladies, four boys and a little girls. The group were photographed outdoors. Another lady is standing and looking on in the background.kopella

The photo is taken an annual Ithacan picnic at Bacchus Marsh in the 1970's. The women are from left to right: seated Mary Psoras (nee Levis), Orianthi Raftopoulos, Elpida Levis (Mavrokefalos) and Ioulia Raftopoulos (nee Sikiotis). Mary is the daughter of Elpida Levis. The three elderly ladies are of the first generation of Ithacan women who migrated to Australia in the early 1920s.A coloured photograph with rounded edges of four ladies in a park .here is a white sedan and a small picnic rotunda behind them.

The photo is taken an annual Ithacan picnic at Bacchus Marsh in the 1970's. The women are from left to right: seated Mary Psoras (nee Levis), Orianthi Raftopoulos, Elpida Levis (Mavrokefalos) and Ioulia Raftopoulos (nee Sikiotis). Mary is the daughter of Elpida Levis. The three elderly ladies are of the first generation of Ithacan women who migrated to Australia in the early 1920s. Coloured photograph with rounded corners of 4 ladies in a parkland setting, with a white car and picnic rotunda in the background.

The photograph was taken to celebrate the wedding of Nick Comino and Ellie Black. Back from L-R: unknown, Victor Comino, Nick and Ellie Comino nee Black, Nina and John Black (sister and brother of the bride) and Spiro Chilianis. Front from L-R: Olga Black (sister of the bride) and Efstathia Black (mother of the bride). Nick and Ellie settled in Emerald, Queensland. Ellie was the daughter of Constantine and Efstathia (Toula) Mavrokefalos (Black). A black and white studio photograph of a family wedding photograph. With the bride and groom and one bridesmaid are four other men and two ladies.

Jim and Toula Kandiliotis are standing with family and friends outside Evangelismos Greek Othodox Church, East Melbourne following the baptism of their younger daughter, Alexandra (Alex). At the back are Takis and Koula Makris, and Agathi Drakopoulos. Middle row: Chrisostomi Kandiliotis, Jim holding baby Alex and Toula Kandiliotis, Georgia Andrianatos, Ilias Andrianatos. At the front is Alex's sister, Chrissa. A black and white photograph of three men, five ladies, a little girl and a baby standing in a large doorway. One of the men is holding the baby.christening

Members of the Ithacan and Greek communities in Johannesburg.A black and white photograph of two women and four men in evening dress at a formal function. One of the ladies is holding a large bunch of flowers.

Pictured at an Ithacan Club are members of the Paizis family gathered at a function from l-r are Marika Paizi, Alkinoos Paizis, Tasia Paizis, Thalia Paizis, Desma Paizis (Black), Jimmy James, Sofia Paizis (Anastasiou), Anastasios Papadopoulos, Irini Pappas, Nikolaos Paizis. Nikolaos Paizis was known as 'the poet' (ο ποιητής) by the Melbourne's Ithacan community as he was renown for reciting nostalgic poems which he composed. A black and white photograph of people seated around a table at a function. There are five men, three ladies and three children in the group. One of the men has a little child on his knee.

Two Ithacan ladies who arrived in Australia in the 1920s, Athena Lecatsa-Deftereos (left) and Anthi Mavrokefalos-Chilianis.A black and white studio photograph of two smartly dressed ladies One is sitting on a chair and the younger lady is sitting on the arm of the chair. The photograph has been photographed from another print.

Spiros E. Raftopoulos (Levendis)is seated third from the right at this family gathering. His brother-in-law Demetrios Vlassopoulos (Kopela) is seated first on the left. The photograph may have been taken in Mildura where the Raftopoulos and Vlassopoulos families had businesses.A black and white photograph mounted on cardboard of six men and three ladies at a social gathering seated around a table with food set out in front of them and drinks on the table as well as what looks like a photograph of a woman.