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Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1877-1882), 1877-1882
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, April 1877 to July 1882.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1886-1894), 1886-1894
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, July 1886 to July 1894.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1899-1902), 1899-1902
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, July 1899 to November 1902.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1906-1910), 1906-1910
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, April 1906 to October 1910.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1913-1916), 1913-1916
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, July 1913 to November 1916.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1916-1922), 1916-1922
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, December 1916 to November 1922.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1922-1932), 1922-1932
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Night Book of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge, December 1922 to June 1932.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Contribution ledger of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1887-1899), 1887-1899
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Contribution ledger of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge from June 1887 to December 1899.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Receipt/Facsimile Book, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1927-1930), 1927-1930
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Receipt/Facsimile Book for Member Contributions, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge from March 1927 to March 1930.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Receipt/Facsimile Book, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1930-1935), 1930-1935
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Receipt/Facsimile Book for Member Contributions, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge from March 1930 to May 1935.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Receipt/Facsimile Book, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1936-1937), 1936-1937
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Receipt/Facsimile Book for Member Contributions, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge from March 1936 to April 1937.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Member Register of the Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge (1861-1870), 1861-1870
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Extremely significant record of the first European settlers in the town of Tarnagulla, data including names, ages, occupations and spouses.Member Register, Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge from 1861 to 1870. Notes names, ages, occupations and spouses.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Lodge Bye-Laws booklet
The Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows was a friendly society beginning in England in 1840, and provided medical and other services to communities. MUIOOF became strong in gold-rush Australia, with many branches, or lodges, in country centres. Tarnagulla's Loyal Garibaldi Lodge was registered on 21 September 1861, and remained a vital part of the community for many decades. Like other Lodges, this fraternal organisation provided unemployment, sickness and funeral insurance for workers. It played an important civic role by providing financial security, a social outlet and an avenue for status advancement. By the last twenty years of the 19th century, Lodge activity was an important part of community life.Lodge Bye-Laws booklet used at Tarnagulla Loyal Garibaldi Lodge.lodge, fraternal organisations -
Unions Ballarat
Book - The Economics of Work and Pay, 2nd Edition (D.J. Spiers Collection), Rees, Albert
Chapter headings: 1. Labor-force participation 2. Hours of work and the supply of effort 3. The supply of skill: investment in human capital 4. Marginal productivity theory in competitive markets 5. The demand for labor: some extensions 6. Job search, mobility, and migration 7. Unemployment and unfilled vacancies 8. Union goals 9. The bargaining process 10. The effect of collective bargaining on relative earnings 11. Occupational wage differentials 12. Wage differentials by race and sex 13. The distribution of earnings by size 14. Fringe benefits 15. Labor's share in national income 16. The general level of money wagesIndustrial relations and labor economics.Book; paper.Front cover: author's name and title. Title page: in black ink, "D.J. Spiers".btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, labor economics, wages, industrial relations, wealth distribution, collective bargaining, unions -
Glenelg Shire Council Cultural Collection
Accessory - Sash, n.d
C..R. Chief Ranger - Preside over the Court and endeavours to preserve proper decorum, promote due attention to business and administer justice without partiality. The Ancient Order of Foresters, which originated in England in the mid 1700s, established its first branch (Court) in Victoria in 1849. Foresters was set up as a non-profit organisation, the founding principles of the Society being to provide financial and social benefits as well as support to members and their families in times of unemployment, sickness, death, disability and old age. The Society is now known as the Foresters Friendly Society and in July 1999 was incorporated as a public company limited by shares and guarantee.Small purple sash, green stripe down both sides * SCR (Chief Ranger), coat of arms, AOF (Ancient Order of Foresters) printed / embroidered in green and goldancient order of foresters, sash, society -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, 1939
Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This book was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A brown book with ablue spine. It contains pink paper copies of correspondence from M.U.I.O.O.F. (Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows)on front cover - handwritten in pen "M.U.I.O.O.F Orbost Branch"m.u.i.o.o.f. friendly-society manchester-unity -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, 1924
Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This item was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.An account book for M.U.I.O.O.F. (Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows ). It has a dark blue fabric cover. It contains hand-written accounts.m.u.i.o.o.f. friendly-society accounts-book -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, 1922
Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This item was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits and reflects those times.A very large cash book with a blue fabric cover , a brown spine and edges. -
Unions Ballarat
Weevils at work : what's happening to work in Australia : an oral record, Lowenstein, Wendy, 1997
An oral history: interviews with working and unemployed men and women across many industries. Includes interviews across rural and urban Australia. A companion book to Weevils in the Flour. Relevant to Australian workplace issues.Paper; book. Front cover: green background; colour picture of urban industrial area with smoking chimneys; yellow and white lettering.Front cover: title and author's name.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, oral history, workplace relations, unemployment, employment, interviews, rural people, urban people, weevils in the flour -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, Rules of the Manchester Unity, 1909
This item probably belonged to Albert Coulson a farmer of Brodribb. Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This book was used in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A small grey book with the Manchester Unity Independent Order of Oddfellows. At the bottom of the cover in black print is the society's Coat of Arms showing a woman holding a child with two children beside her. On the right is a woman holding an anchor with her arm around a woman holding a cross. There is an images of a group of people holding a scroll beside a reclining lion."Brother A.H.J. Coulto was initiated a member of the Loyal Orbost Lodge 8 Sept 1909" -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, Record of Sickness, 1900
This book was used by the Orbost Manchester United Independent Order of Oddfellows. Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This record book was created in a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A hard back book with a red and blue mottled cover and a dark blue spine. On the front cover is a large brown rectangular label with "Record of Sickness" in black print inside an ornate black frame.on label - handwritten above title - "M.U.I.O.O.F."m.u.i.o.o.f. friendly-societies book-keeping -
Unions Ballarat
Contemporary Labor Economics, Fourth Edition, McConnell, Campbell R. et al
Labor economics. Section headings: -Labor economics : Introduction and overview -The theory of individual labor supply -Population, participation rates and hours of work -Labor quality : Investing in human capital -The demand for labor -Wage determination and the allocation of labor -Alternative pay schemes and labor efficiency -The wage structure -Mobility, migration and efficiency -Labor unions and collective bargaining -The economic impact of unions -Government and the labor market : Employment expenditures and taxation -Government and the labor market : Legislation and regulation -Theories of labor market discrimination -Women, blacks and the labor market -Critiques of orthodox wage theory -The personal distribution of earnings -Labor productivity : Wages, prices and employment -Employment and unemployment -Wages and inflation -Information sources in labor economicsWorkplace relations/labor relations and economics. Authors are from Nebraska, USA writing in 1995.Book; paper.Front cover: authors' names and titlebtlc, ballarat trades and labour council, economics, wages, employment, workplace relations - enterprise bargaining -
Unions Ballarat
Collingwood Coke, Freeman, Harry, 1984
Set in the Great Depression. About unemployed people living in Collingwood and the role of the Methodist mission in caring for poor people in the area.Relevant to Australian history in the Great Depression, particularly in Collingwood.Paper; book. Front cover: brown theme/background; picture of houses and a cobblestone street; brown lettering.Front cover: author's name and title.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labor council, collingwood, the great depression, unemployment, methodist mission, methodist church, city missions, missionaries, history, social history -
Unions Ballarat
Minutes of meetings - Mothers' Social Club Ballarat/Unemployed Mothers Club. Includes minutes of Ballarat Unemployed Association Committee meetings, 4 October 1933-20 February 1935
Mothers' Social Club, Ballarat/Unemployed Mothers' Club was formed during The Great Depression in Ballarat. The minutes also include minutes of the Ballarat Unemployed Association Committee meetings. It is assumed that the two groups had some parallel interests and that they met under the auspices of Ballarat Trades Hall.Of significance to matters of women's rights, collective action, employment and social equity in the Ballarat region.Paper, binding - 1 volume.mothers' social club, ballarat, unemployed mothers' club, the great depression, minutes, ballarat unemployed association committee, ballarat trades hall, btlc, ballarat trades and labour council, women, unemployment, employment, equity -
Surrey Hills Historical Society Collection
Photograph, Mr Joyce and Mr Lamble of Essex Road, Surrey Hills, c 1932, 1932
Date is approximate - early 1930s. Mr Oswald Joyce and Mr Bert Lamble used to ride their bicycles to the country to find work when they became unemployed. This included reworking old gold mines. Here they are seen leaving for Enoch's Point where they fossicked for gold during the Depression. A check of the electoral rolls points to this being the home of Frederick Harry Percival Lamble, labourer, born in Collingwood. He and his family continued to live at 87 Essex Road until his death in 1968 and his occupation is consistently given as labourer. His wife Bessie Louisa Woods died in 1957.Black and white photo of 2 men identified, but not specifically, as Mr Joyce and Mr Lamble, both of Essex Road, Surrey Hills. They are standing next to their bicycles on a roughly made path. The bikes are loaded up with swags and kit as if the two are about to depart on a journey. Behind is a picket fence and in the background the shops along Canterbury Road can be seen.essex road, frederick harry percival (mr), bicycles, depression, 1929-1939, unemployment, economic depression, mr joyce, bert lamble, frederick harry percival lamble, bessie ethel lamble, bessie ethel smith -
Orbost & District Historical Society
book, 1936
This book contains M.U.I.O.O.F. (Manchester Unity Independent Order Of Oddfellows) accounts of the Orbost group. Friendly Societies were founded in the Australian Colonies in the mid-19th Century by immigrants from England who had been members in Societies which dated back to the 18th Century. Like all working people these immigrants experienced sickness, accidents, unemployment, death and burial. They needed help of like fellows to tide their families over these times. So they formed a branch of one of the Friendly Societies back in the mother country. The idea was to make fixed contributions to a fund and when they were off work they would receive a payment. When they died funeral benefits would be paid and the widow and children would be cared for. It was a form of local insurance for hard times. This account book was used in a a time of 'look after yourself' as the Colonial Governments did not provide pensions or benefits. This item reflects those times.A hard back book with a blue cover and a brown spine.on spine on red flock in gold lettering "NIGHT BOOK:m.u.i.o.o.f.friendly-societies -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Document - Folders, Relating to City of Port Melbourne, 1988 - 1994
Six (6) folders of documents relating to the City of Port Melbourne as per attached list. .01 - two editions of Grapevine newslatter (May 1988 and April 1990) and eight editions of Port Council News (1988-1994) .02 - various letters, newspaper articles, etc; regarding unemployment in Port Melbourne during the Great Depression. .03 - Two surveys of Port Melbourne City Library services (1974/75 and 1990/91), various Book-Talk newsletters, Library News articles etc. .04 - Miscellaneous newspaper clippings re Port Melbourne City Library .05 - Architects Brief and Architects drawings for proposed new library in Liardet St 1986 .06 - various reports, mewspaper articles, correspondence, News Releases, minutes of "Preserve our Port" committee meetings, etc. All relating to the Victorian Governments efforts to carry out Council amalgamations in 1993/94local government - city of port melbourne, built environment - civic, amalgamation, port melbourne library -
Whitehorse Historical Society Inc.
Article, Job chance for three, 1996
Allardice Graphics of Blackburn .Allardice Graphics of Blackburn used the employment Company Smart Partnership to employ three long term unemployed people.Allardice Graphics of Blackburn .unemployment, allardice graphics, the smart partnership, australia. department of employment, education and training, white, david, paton, bob, adamson, sarah, maneveldt, renee -
Unions Ballarat
Weevils in the flour : an oral record of the 1930s depression in Australia, Lowenstein, Wendy, 1978
An oral history relating to the Great Depression and the personal hardships that were suffered by families. Relevant to Australian social and workplace history, especially during the period of the Great Depression of the 1930s.Paper; book. Front cover: black background; artistic impression of working class people, including a banner that reads "work not dole"'; red, yellow and white lettering. Front cover: title and author's name.btlc, ballarat trades hall, ballarat trades and labour council, the great depression, work for the dole, oral histories, wages, economic conditions, social history, history, australian history, economics, employment, unemployment -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Badge - Centenary of Melbourne, c. 1935-35
White metal medal issued to commemorate Melbourne’s centenary 1934-35. This medal was given out to Victorian school children; 325,600 white metal medals were struck. The medal references Portland, the location of Victoria’s first settlement. The Henty brothers, entrepreneur farmers and whalers, established the state’s first permanent European settlement in Portland in 1834. Melbourne was established the following year by a party of settlers led by John Batman. In 1934, as Melbourne planned to celebrate the centenary of European settlement, it seemed to some that there was little to celebrate. The financial strains of the depression, unemployment and the scandal of the city’s slums all undercut claims of unbridled progress. Perhaps because of such troubles, the organisers of the centenary celebrations tried doubly hard to be positive. The themes of the celebrations were conservative, reflecting the desire of some Melburnians for security in troubled times. The widely promoted image of the ‘Garden City’ and ‘Queen City of the South’ emphasised the idea of Melbourne as a very British city. White metal badgeCentenary of Melbournemelbourne centenary, victorian school children