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Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph, Magpie State School (2271), c1880
Magpie State School (2271) was a brick building built in 1880 to accommodate 122 pupils. It replaced Magpie Gully School (425). Black and white photographic copy of a brick school at Magpie near Ballarat.magpie state school, magpie primary school, magpie gully school, magpie, education -
The Beechworth Burke Museum
Animal specimen - Red-Necked Grebe, Trustees of the Australian Museum, 1860-1880
The Red-Necked Grebe is a medium sized bird with a long neck and pointed bill. During the non-breeding months, this bird has grey, white and brown plumage. During the breeding seasons, the Red-necked Grebe has a rusty red coloured fore-neck and breast with a black bill and white cheeks. This species can be located in freshwater lakes of the northern hemisphere. This specimen is part of a collection of almost 200 animal specimens that were originally acquired as skins from various institutions across Australia, including the Australian Museum and the National Museum of Victoria, as well as individuals such amateur anthropologist Reynell Eveleigh Johns between 1860-1880. These skins were then mounted by members of the Burke Museum Committee and put-on display in the formal space of the Museum’s original exhibition hall where they continue to be on display. This display of taxidermy mounts initially served to instruct visitors to the Burke Museum of the natural world around them, today it serves as an insight into the collecting habits of the 19th century. This specimen is part of a significant and rare taxidermy mount collection in the Burke Museum. This collection is scientifically and culturally important for reminding us of how science continues to shape our understanding of the modern world. They demonstrate a capacity to hold evidence of how Australia’s fauna history existed in the past and are potentially important for future environmental research. This collection continues to be on display in the Museum and has become a key part to interpreting the collecting habits of the 19th century.A Red-Necked Grebe of medium size stylised in a standing position with the face positioned forward. The bird stands on a wooden pedestal with two tags around its legs. One tag is paper and documents cataloguing information and the second is metal and lists the number 4492. This Red-Necked Grebe has pale feathers of white, grey and browns typical of this species in the non-breeding months. The face is positioned towards the front and the small eyes are made from dark glass.Paper tag: 32a Red-necked Grebe Catalogue, Page, 43. Metal tag: 4492taxidermy mount, taxidermy, animalia, burke museum, beechworth, australian museum, skin, reynell eveleigh johns, bird, red-necked grebe -
Port Melbourne Historical & Preservation Society
Plan - Proposed Bayside development, Sep 1987
SCDC plans for the Bayside development were revised as investigations into water circulation in artifical canals/harbour were completed. This is the altered plan, with alterations drawn in red on the original proposal, for the EES hearing in September 1987. The EES hearing, scheduled for three days in September, ran for 57 sessions into February 1988.Large plan of original proposed Bayside development as submitted to council in 1987; as 502.01 but with alterations superimposed in red, It was this altered plan that was submitted at the enquiry into the Environmental Effects Statement in September.In blue: EES Variation September 1987:In red: markings to indicate alterations to land configurationtown planning - proposals shelved - bayside, sandridge city development co pty ltd, scdc -
City of Moorabbin Historical Society (Operating the Box Cottage Museum)
Photograph - ' Box Cottage' Reconstruction, c1841
The original small, pioneer cottage was built in the late 1840s to early1850s, by an unknown pioneer. It was located on part of a 30 Acre allotment that was originally part of Henry Dendy’s Special Survey granted in 1841. The doors and window sashes, (made of red deal joinery timber), as well as the brass locks and fittings, are from the original cottage, and were imported from England.The fire-place bricks are from the original cottage, and are sun-dried, (not kiln fired), and are hand-made. Convict marks can be seen on two bricks.There is a small display of external cladding shingles from the original pioneer cottage. These shingles were hand-split, and most likely made from locally collected timber The nails included in this display were used to fasten the shingles on the original cottage, and are also hand-made. The enamel nameplate, “Colonial”, on the wall of the cottage, was the name chosen for the original pioneer cottage when a later owner, Mr August Rietman and wife Frieda leased the property in around 1917. August purchased the property 1935 for 1200 Pounds approximately and resided there until 1953. In 1974 Mr Lewis, a timber specialist, found the dilapidated building on property he had recently purchased in Jasper Rd and suggested it be reconstructed and relocated. Moorabbin Council agreed and the Cottage was rebuilt just about 250 metres from its original site. The cost of the rebuild was met by 'Victoria's 150th Committee, plus a small grant from the City of Moorabbin, and Mr Laurie Lewis donated much of the timber for the reconstruction. Although 'Box Cottage' is a re-construction, it is an unique museum that, being located in the midst of a modern community in Ormond Victoria, can educate and demonstrate many aspects of the early settler’s way of life in Victoria. As such, it is an invaluable resource for students and all kinds of visitors. The original small, pioneer cottage was built in the late 1840s to1850s, by an unknown pioneer. It was located on part of a 30 Acre allotment that was originally part of Dendy’s Special Survey granted in 1841. The re-constructed pioneer cottage, named ‘Box Cottage’, is located only a matter of metres from the original pioneer cottage site, in Joyce Park, Jasper Road, Ormond, Victoria. The museum has copies of interesting Land Titles associated with the surrounding land, including the site of the original pioneer cottage, from Dendy’s time, and into the 1900s. ‘Box Cottage’ is named after the pioneers, William and Elizabeth Box, who resided in the original cottage from approximately 1865, until Elizabeth’s death in 1914.The re-constructed cottage plan has followed faithfully the original dimensions, and plan of the original pioneer cottage, and as many original items from that cottage’s long occupation have been incorporated. Convict marks on sun -dried, fire-place chimney bricks. Enamel nameplate 'Colonial' circa1915brighton, moorabbin, cottages, pioneers, ormond, colonial, mckinnon, dendy henry, box william, box elizabeth, convicts, rietman august, rietman frieda, rietman stefanie -
Melton City Libraries
Photograph, Mechanics Institute, 1910
Photograph of the Committee at the completion of the brick front Trustees and Committee: C Egan, Albert Lee, J F Minns,James Byrnes, Thomas Lang, William Whittington, J O McKenzie, William Sheahan, E Chalmers and Cr R Hornbuckle Photograph of the Committee at the completion of the brick front of the buildinglocal architecture -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, Ballarat School of Mines E.J. Barker Building, Albert Street, Ballarat, 2017, 26/03/2017
A multi storeyed red brick building on Albert Street Ballarat. It is the E.J. Barker building at the Federation University SMB Campus. ballarat school of mines, e.j. barker building, albert street, buildings -
Federation University Historical Collection
Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, 112 Lyons Street South, Ballarat Central, 13/04/2020
Colour photograph of a red brick house with caste iron lacework.ballarat, lyons street south, iron lace, wrought iron lacework, caste iron lacework, brick -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Ballarat South Uniting Church, 2020, 07/04/2020
Photographs relating to the red brick Ballarat South Uniting Church. "This stone from Sebastopol Church was laid by Rev. L.L. Lovell January 20th 1940"ballarat south uniting church, pandemic, uniting church, sebastopol -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Colour, Maryborough Railway Station, 2011, 06/08/2011
Colour photograph of a large red brick railway station at Maryborough. maryborough, maryborough railway station -
Sunbury Family History and Heritage Society Inc.
Photograph, Glengala Park Primary School, 3rd March 1993
The building is the Glendale Park Primary School situated in Sunshine West and opened in 1976. The multicultural school with 150+ students from thirty different cultural backgrounds runs a very inclusive program. The students from Bulla Primary School visited on the 3rd March 1993 and enjoyed the day learning about the school and participating in a number of activities with the students. The visit to a school located in one of Melbourne's western suburbs was a contrast to the semi-rural primary school for the students from Bulla Primary School in the 1990s.A non-digital coloured photograph of a red-brick school building.glendale park primary school, bulla primary schooil, school excursions -
Vision Australia
Photograph - Image, Braille and Talking Book Library in Commercial Road
Built in 1918-1919, this distinctly styled building was constructed with the needs of returned blind soldiers in mind by architects Anketell and Henderson. Matting tracks were placed in the single level floor and handrails on the wall to guide users around the building. In 1929, two stained glass windows were constructed and placed in the building to commemorate the 120th anniversary of Louis Braille's birth. (These were removed and transferred to Kooyong when the library moved its operations in 2002.) The building is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register.1 x col. photograph of red brick octagonal buildingbraille and talking book library, tilly aston -
Vision Australia
Photograph - Image, Braille and Talking Book Library building
With its distinct octagonal shape, the Braille and Talking Book Library was a distinctive building in Commercial Road. This view, taken in the mid-1990's by employee Robert Degraauw, shows the Commercial Road frontage, as well as the pedestrian lights across and the tram tracks in the roadway.Red octagonal brick building facing pedestrian crossing and roadwaybraille & talking book library, robert de graauw -
Bendigo Military Museum
Poster - POSTER, RED CROSS, MOUNTED, C.WW2
Poster applied to canvas on timber frame painted texture. Nurse in Red Cross uniform is coloured, the cross is red & print is black. Produced by the Australian Red Cross Society ARCS 248.Front of poster: “REMEMBER Red Cross needs You AUSTRALIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY” essential services - red cross, illustrations, carpentry -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Photograph - copy, Dhurringile Mansion Stables, 1977
Copy of original photograph. Brick stables, storerooms, pay office for the original Dhurringile Mansion. North wing converted to home by Mr and Mrs Jack Lowry who lived there between 1938 and 1976.Black and white photograph of brick stables complex for Dhurringile Mansion.jack lowry, dhurringile stables, dhurringile mansion managers residence -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Photograph, Dhurringile, C. 1940
Imposing brick mansion with tower, built by James Winter 1877 .Photo shows enclosed barbed wire internment camp 1939/ POW camp for German officers and other ranks 1941 - 1945Brick two story mansion, with water tower on stand in foreground. -
Federation University Historical Collection
Image - Colour, Ballarat School of Mines M.B. John Building, Albert Street, Ballarat, 1987, 1987
The M.B. John Trade–Art building (Albert Street front) of SMB was officially opened by the Hon. John Cain, Premier of Victoria, in the presence of Morgan B. John. Programs include 3 Dimensional Art, Painting & Decorating, and Engineering Trades. (SMB Institutional Plan 1989) The M.B. John Building (Building K), a three storey, face red brick, restrained Late Twentieth Century International styled building with an elongated, cuboid form (defined by the parapeted facades) that is offset by projecting exposed concrete framed, round‐arched entrance and stair wells on the east (Albert Street) elevation (the centrally located entrance breaking the brick façade with glazing). The facades are also characterised by banks of aluminium framed, horizontal ribbon windows, which wrap around the building corners. Metal shades project beyond the windows, while post‐supported bullnosed verandahs and hoods and projecting concrete stairs are other features. On the west elevation, the cuboid façade is punctuated by projecting curved concrete and glazed, elongated bays at first floor level. (David Rowe/Wendy Jacobs)Image of a multi-storey brick building on the Ballarat School of Mines campus. The building is known as the M.B. John Building.ballarat school of mines, m.b. john building, morgan b. john, albert street, m.b. john -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Clare Gervasoni, St Laurence O'Toole Catholic Church, Sandon, 2017, 16/07/2017
St Laurence O'Toole church and cemetery is located in a rural setting at 801/821 Creswick-Newstead Rd, Sandon. Originally a small wooden school (22’x14’) was erected in Sandon by Father Patrick Smyth (who was involved in the Eureka Stockade movement) in 1859. It was also used for Mass and became known as a chapel. In June 1882 tenders were called for the construction of a brick Church by the Castlemaine architect, T.F. Kibble, and it was built at a cost of 1000 pounds. The church was blessed by Archbishop Goold on 06 May 1883 and dedicated to St Laurence O'Toole. The brick building demonstrates original design qualities of a Victorian Rudimentary Gothic style, including the steeply pitched, parapet gable roof form, together with a central steeply pitched, gabled porch that projects slightly from the main gable end. Other intact qualities include the exposed brick wall construction, lapped galvanised corrugated iron roof cladding, minor gabled porch at the rear, small ventilation dormers nearby the roof ridgeline, series of stone steps that lead to the central porch with its double pointed door opening and vertical boarded doors, simple rose window in the main gable end, pointed windows, brick buttresses with double lower copings, and the light masonry detailing (the banding marking the floor level within, buttress copings, window and door surrounds and quoins, and the drip moulds).(Shire of Mount Alexander: Heritage Study of the former Shire of Newstead, 2000) The visually connected cemetery demonstrates important visual qualities formed by the regular rows of graves and cemetery architecture, and the grassed and treed rural landscape. It is a rare and substantially intact example of a Victorian Catholic Church with a cemetery in its churchyard. Many headstones and cemetery architecture, date from the 19th century and represent some fine examples of masonry craftsmanship. Some refurbisments occurred during the 1940s and in 2002 a major restoration project was undertaken from roof to footings, by a dedicated band of volunteers and trades people. Work was completed mid 2003 and in November 2003 St Laurence’s was re-dedicated with the celebration of Mass and a picnic tea. Brick church at Sandon, Victoriasandon, sandon cemetery, st laurence o'toole catholic church, sandon -
Bendigo Military Museum
Accessory - CARDS, PLAYING, Est 1939-45
Card set belonged to Keith David Livingston VX136969. Refer 1911P for service history.Set of Red Cross playing cards, white back ground, red edging, all print in red."A gift from the Australian Red Cross Society"recreations - games - cards, red cross -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Eltham Community Centre
Australia’s first mud brick community building was opened in 1978. In 2018 a major upgrade took place. Colour photograph of mud brick Eltham Community Centre at corner of Main Road and Pitt Streeteltham, community centre, buildings, mud brick, main road, pitt street, eltham community reception centre -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Former Stawell Ladies College 1873
Heritage Study Vol 10 SL139B/W Photo. Weatherboard home 3/4 Verandah with awnings. Bay window to left. Low brick fence in front.14 Ligar Street in red ink on back.ladies collage -
Ringwood and District Historical Society
Minute Book, Collins, Ringwood Primary School Mothers Club Committee Minute Book 1978-1982, May-1978 to Nov-1982
Used by the Mothers' Club Committee of the Ringwood Primary School to record their committee meetings. Numerous inserts with yearly syllabus. Presidents minutes.Minute Book. Red covered with red circular patterns and black cloth spine. 'Collins Red Circle Minute Book' on cover. All pages used.Collins Red Circle Minute Book -
Melbourne Legacy
Slide, Operation Firewood - Eildon, 1960s
Colour slide of a dark red truck beside a pile of cut wood in a timber yard near Eildon. It was during Operation Firewood. Legatees would organise collection of wood from the country and distribute it to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Other slides show the cutting and loading of wood and delivery to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of Legacy helping widows by sourcing, supplying and delivering firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour slide of a red truck in a timber yard during Operation Firewood in brown Anscochrome cardboard mount.Printed on front in red ink 'Anscochrome / View from this side / Made in Australia'. Hand written on front 'Cutting last loads / Eildon' in blue pen. Printed on reverse in red ink 'Processed by Verycolor photo labs. Melbourne, Victoria'.operation firewood, trucks, wood -
Melbourne Legacy
Slide, Operation Firewood - Eildon, 1960s
Colour slide of a dark red truck beside a pile of cut wood in a timber yard near Eildon. It was during Operation Firewood. Legatees would organise collection of wood from the country and distribute it to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Other slides show the cutting and loading of wood and delivery to widows in metropolitan Melbourne. Was with many other slides taken in the 1950s and 1960s. The slides have been photographed to make digital images and moved to archive quality sleeves. In many cases the original images were not well focussed and the digital image the best available.A record of Legacy helping widows by sourcing, supplying and delivering firewood. When open fires were the main source of heating, a load of firewood and help moving it, would have been very important to the widows.Colour slide of a red truck in a timber yard during Operation Firewood in brown Anscochrome cardboard mount.Printed on front in red ink 'Anscochrome / View from this side / Made in Australia'. Hand written on front 'Cutting last loads / Eildon' in blue pen. Printed on reverse in red ink 'Processed by Verycolor photo labs. Melbourne, Victoria'.operation firewood, trucks, wood -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Stawell Shire Hall 1866 -- 04 Photos -- Coloured
Shire Hall 4 Colour photos. Three photos (84.10a, b, c,) showing the brick veneer addition to the Stawell Shire Hall. One photo (84.10) of the plaque bearing the councillors names. These photos were taken in 2013 and each photo shows a different view of the brick veneer addition. One view is the front of the brick addition and other 2 are of the rear view of the 1962 addition.Four colour Photographs. Three of the brick additions to the Stawell Shire Hall in 1960-1962. One photograph of the plaque bearing the councillors names.Shire of Stawell. This stone was unveiled on 8th August 1962 by Ex. Cr. C. S. Reading When this new wing was opened by the Hon. M.V. Porter M.L.A. Minster for Local Government. Councillors WEST - E. W. Giles J.P. Pres., R. McD. Perry., L. J. Campbell., EAST - G. W. N. Cox., A. G. Holden., I.F. Kilpatrick., NORTH EAST - A. E. Duxson J.P., W.B. Cameron., A.H. Ellen., NORTH - C.J. Hutchings., A. J. H. Gray., J. R. Williams J.P., Shire secretary V. C. Neilson F.I.M.A. Shire Engineer N. H. Cottman B.C.E. C.E. A.M.I.E (Aust) Originally Built 1866. Extended 1873. Remodelled 1960-62 Builders 1960-62 W.R. Willcock and J.W. Kennedy.stawell -
J. Ward Museum Complex
Craft - Bird Carving
A red house-brick carved into the shape of a bird by a J Ward patient.Previously broken and repaired at necklinecarving brick bird -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Digital photographs, L.J. Gervasoni, Boroondara General Cemetery Gatehouse, c2005-2015
The Boroondara General Cemetery is registerd by Heritage VictoriaBoroondara Cemetery in kew was established in 1858. It has an unusual triangular reserve bounded by High Street, Park Hill Road and Victoria Park, Kew. The caretaker's lodge and administrative office (1860 designed by Charles Vickers, additions, 1866-1899 by Albert Purchas) form a picturesque two-storey brick structure with a slate roof and clock tower. A rotunda or shelter (1890, Albert Purchas) is located in the centre of the cemetery: this has an octagonal hipped roof with fish scale slates and a decorative brick base with a tessellated floor and timber seating. The cemetery is surrounded by a 2.7 metre high ornamental red brick wall (1895-96, Albert Purchas) with some sections of vertical iron palisades between brick pillars. Albert Purchas was a prominent Melbourne architect who was the Secretary of the Melbourne General Cemetery from 1852 to 1907 and Chairman of the Boroondara Cemetery Board of Trustees from 1867 to 1909. He made a significant contribution to the design of the Boroondara Cemetery Boroondara Cemetery is an outstanding example of the Victorian Garden Cemetery movement in Victoria, retaining key elements of the style, despite overdevelopment which has obscured some of the paths and driveways. Elements of the style represented at Boroondara include an ornamental boundary fence, a system of curving paths which are kerbed and follow the site's natural contours, defined views, recreational facilities such as the rotunda, a landscaped park like setting, sectarian divisions for burials, impressive monuments, wrought and cast iron grave surrounds and exotic symbolic plantings. In the 1850s cemeteries were located on the periphery of populated areas because of concerns about diseases like cholera. They were designed to be attractive places for mourners and visitors to walk and contemplate. Typically cemeteries were arranged to keep religions separated and this tended to maintain links to places of origin, reflecting a migrant society. Other developments included cast iron entrance gates, built in 1889 to a design by Albert Purchas; a cemetery shelter or rotunda, built in 1890, which is a replica of one constructed in the Melbourne General Cemetery in the same year; an ornamental brick fence erected in 1896-99(?); the construction and operation of a terminus for a horse tram at the cemetery gates during 1887-1915; and the Springthorpe Memorial built between 1897 and 1907. A brick cremation wall and a memorial rose garden were constructed near the entrance in the mid- twentieth century(c.1955-57) and a mausoleum completed in 2001.The maintenance shed/depot close to High Street was constructed in 1987. The original entrance was altered in 2000 and the original cast iron gates moved to the eastern entrance of the Mausoleum. Some notable memorials include The Springthorpe Memorial (VHR 522), The Syme Memorial (1908), The Cussen Memorial (VHR 2036). Burials within the cemetery include the Henty family, artists Louis Buvelot and Charles Nuttall, businessmen John Halfey and publisher David Syme, artist and diarist Georgiana McCrae, actress Nellie Stewart and architect and designer of the Boroondara and Melbourne General Cemeteries, Albert Purchas. The Boroondara Cemetery features many plants, mostly conifers and shrubs of funerary symbolism, which line the boundaries, road and pathways, and frame the cemetery monuments or are planted on graves. The major plantings include an impressive row of Bhutan Cypress (Cupressus torulosa), interplanted with Sweet Pittosporum (Pittosporum undulatum), and a few Pittosporum crassifolium, along the High Street and Parkhill Street, where the planting is dominated by Sweet Pittosporum. Planting within the cemetery includes rows and specimen trees of Bhutan Cypress and Italian Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens), including a row with alternate plantings of both species. The planting includes an unusual "squat" form of an Italian Cypress. More of these trees probably lined the cemetery roads and paths. Also dominating the cemetery landscape near the Rotunda is a stand of 3 Canary Island Pines (Pinus canariensis), a Bunya Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii) and a Weeping Elm (Ulmus glabra 'Camperdownii'). Amongst the planting are the following notable conifers: a towering Bunya Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwillii), a Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), a rare Golden Funeral Cypress (Chamaecyparis funebris 'Aurea'), two large Funeral Cypress (Chamaecyparis funebris), and the only known Queensland Kauri (Agathis robusta) in a cemetery in Victoria. The Cemetery records, including historical plans of the cemetery from 1859, are held by the administration and their retention enhances the historical significance of the Cemetery. Digital images of a red brick gatehouse at Boroondara General Cemetery in Kew.cemetery, boroondara, kew, gatehouse, clock, tower, clocktower, heritage, memorial -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Colour, L.J. Gervasoni, Avoca Post Office, 2011, 06/08/2011
Colour photograph of the Avoca Post Office which is built in red brick. avoca, avoca post office -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Photograph - Photograph - Colour, Hepburn Bathhouse, 2004, 04/2004
A red brick building with a container in front. It is the historic Hepburn Springs Bathhouse.hepburn springs, hepburn springs bathhouse, hepburn springs reserve, mineral water -
Marysville & District Historical Society
Photograph (Item) - Colour photograph, Unknown
A colour photograph of a brick house that was situated in Sedgwick Street in Marysville in Victoria.A colour photograph of a brick house that was situated in Sedgwick Street in Marysville in Victoria. This house, along with most of the buildings in Marysville, was destroyed in the 2009 Black Saturday bushfires.sedgwick street, marysville, victoria, 2009 black saturday bushfires, photograph -
4th/19th Prince of Wales's Light Horse Regiment Unit History Room
Red Ensign, Surgeons' Banner, 1850 (estimated)
Red Ensign 1801 design. - The British red ensign was altered in 1801 to include the change to the design of the Union Jack. British legislation required, with a few exceptions, that all merchant shipping throughout the British Empire fly the British Red Ensign, without any defacement or modification. The ensign is sometimes referred to as the red duster. The Royal Navy stopped using the Red Ensign in 1864. This red ensign was used by the Surgeons of the Kyneton District Mounted Rifles to indicate their location. The Banner is a large red ensign mounted on a 10 foot long polished wooden pike. The Banner was used by the Kyneton District Mounted Rifles, later The Royal Volunteer Cavalry Regiment (Prince of Wales Hussars), then Prince of Wales Victorian Light Horse, ancestor units of the modern day 4th /19th Prince of Wales’s Light Horse Regiment. In the binding is the inscription ‘Kyneton Prince of Wales Light Horse’ and three names: Surg-Major S Smith MRSLE, Dr McMillan, and Maj Thirkettle. These surgeons played a significant role in the military and civil affairs of Kyneton. Dr McMillan Dr McMillan was the first surgeon but left KPWLH 2-3 months after its formation and little else is known of him. Surgeon-Major Samuel Smith 1836 Born, Scotland 1857 Surgeon to the Hon. Hudson Bay Company. Ship “Prince Arthur” from London to Moose Fort, Hudson Bay. June 13 – Aug. 24 1857. 1858 Appointed Medical Officer of large immigrant ship to Port Phillip 1859 Appointed Assistant District Coroner, Castlemaine 1859 Appointed to Castlemaine Hospital 1862 Appointed first resident surgeon and manager of Kyneton Hospital Foundation member of Kyneton District Mounted Rifles 1874 Appointed Surgeon-Major Kyneton Volunteer Prince of Wales Light Horse Conducted a private practice in Kyneton. 1909 Died 8 November 1909, aged 73 years Samuel Smith was a Life Governor of Castlemaine Benevolent Asylum, a member of St Andrews Presbyterian Church, a Mark Master Mason of the Edward Coulson Lodge No 17, Kyneton. He also had a notable collection of stuffed native birds and animals of which he had great knowledge. Major Thirkettle 1855 Major Thirkettle arrived in Kyneton Established a timber merchant and ironmongery business in Kyneton with Robert Burton. 1857 By 1857 he was practising as an architect. His house is still standing in Yaldwin St, West Kyneton. 1860 Joined the Prince of Wales Light Horse 1863 Joined Rifle Volunteers and appointed Captain. On their disbandment he was made Honorary Major. 1864 Won Queen’s prize for rifle shooting. Major Thirkettle was noted for his skill with woodwork. He won many prizes and orders of merit for his models of yachts It is believed likely that he made the wooden pike with its metal head (now missing). He was Tyler of the Zetland Lodge, also Secretary of the MUIOOF and Bowling Club. 1904 Died in Kyneton, aged 75 years Protection for medical services The Surgeons’ Banner indicated the location of the Regimental Aid Post. The use of this device in the 1860’s overlapped the adoption of the Red Cross which became the symbol for the protection of sick and wounded soldiers. In 1864 twelve European nations signed a treaty stating that in future wars they would care for all sick and wounded military personnel, regardless of nationality. They would also recognise the neutrality of medical personnel, hospitals and ambulances identified by the emblem of a red cross on a white background. The treaty was called the Geneva Convention. This Convention was concerned only with soldiers wounded on the battlefield. Over the years, however, it has been expanded to cover everyone caught up in conflicts but not actually taking an active part in the fighting. The Surgeons’ Banner complements the Colours of the Kyneton District Mounted Rifles, also held by the Unit History Room, in presenting the colonial period of the Regiment’s history. Provenance It is believed that the Banner was manufactured in Britain and brought to Australia by Samuel Smith. After the disbanding of Colonial units, the Banner was in the care of the Shire of Kyneton until presented to the 4/19 Prince of Wales’s Light Horse Regiment on 14 September 1986 on the occasion of the Regiment exercising its right of freedom of entry to the city. There are many examples of Regimental and King’s/Queen’s Colours held by various organisations. However A Surgeons’ Banner such as this is rare, if not unique, in Australia. A large red ensign, post 1801 design. - The British red ensign was altered in 1801 to include the change to the design of the Union Jack. British legislation required, with a few exceptions, that all merchant shipping throughout the British Empire fly the British Red Ensign, without any defacement or modification. The ensign is sometimes referred to as the red duster. The Royal Navy stopped using the Red Ensign in 1864. On the binding is the inscription: "Kyneton Prince of Wales Light Horse", and three names - Surgeon Major S Smith MRSLE Dr McMillan Major Thirkettlekyneton district mounted rifles, heraldry, red ensign, surgeons banner