Before 1851, letters sent through the mail were charged by the number of sheets it contained and the distance it travelled. For example, a letter consisting of one sheet of paper was charged the single rate; a double letter, that is two sheets, was charged double the single rate, a treble letter, was charged three times the single rate, and so on. In other words, each additional sheet of paper increased the charge by one rate. In Great Britain. Sealing a letter in an envelope effectively put an end to postal clerks' ability to count the number of sheets in a letter and an alternative method of determining the postage had to be found. Overweight mailings had previously required the items to be weighed but with the introduction of the Uniform Penny Postage act of 1839, the public could mail a letter not exceeding a half-ounce in weight within the United Kingdom for one penny if prepaid, or two pence if paid on delivery. At about the same time that the adhesive postage stamps and envelopes made their appearance, postal administrations began to experiment with strategically placed street letter boxes, known as pillar boxes because of their round, pillar-like shape, that permitted the public to mail letters from a place other than from a post office. For all these reasons, the use of postal scales became the nucleus of every post office. Scales had been in use since ancient Egyptian times so their use for everyday commerce was not unusual in the 1800s. What was new in 1840 was their ubiquitous use throughout the postal system. No post office could function effectively without one. Although the earliest scales used in post offices did not differ markedly from the ones in general use as time went on they were adapted specifically for postal use. For example, a paper sleeve, also known as a weight sticker, was attached that showed the applicable rate of postage for any given weight. This innovation was quite a time saver as postal clerks no longer needed to weigh the item first and then refer to a separate chart to determine the required postage for that particular weight. Victorian postal scales were used in village Post offices in the late 19th century, of which there are many examples today for sale. No maker can be attributed to the manufacture of the item. Postal scales with weights,. Balance scale has brass fittings and is mounted on a rectangular wooden stand, with depressions for brass weights; which measure 1/2oz, 1oz, 2oz, "Young Aton REL., C.N.0.9."flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, scales and weights, balancing scales, postal scales, letter scale

Scan of a film projector associated with Gem Pictures, and pages of a catalogue that includes the Hahn-Goerz Theatre Projector with 8 inch standard "Artisol" Mirror lamp on column stand. theatre, film, entertainment, gem, rash, gem pictures, edwin rash, projector, film projector, hahn-goerz theatre projector, australasian films ltd

A long ship that has number 931 onside at the front and stand on 4 legs base. It has one autocannon at the front and two at the back and two small boats on sides931 USS Forrest Shermanmodel boat, uss forrest sherman

Two metal trip fuse/etonators. Rectangular metal bow that opens and has an attachment that stands like an aerial on its lid. Line attached to a pin at its side.detonator, fuse /detonator.

The model ship has grey top and red bottom stand on black wooden base with grey surface that has texts " U.S. WARCRAFT CARRIER CVN 65 ENTERPRISE"65 U.S. WARCRAFT CARRIER CVN 65 ENTERPRISEmodel - aircraft carrier

Churchill Island Heritage Farm has a large photograph collection dating from the nineteenth century. This series provides an insight into the early days of Churchill Island as a Conservation site.Black and White Photograph showing an open building with blacksmithing equipment, and a white picket fence on the right hand side. In the background, a stand of bushes and trees surround a steel tank.Catalogue number written on reverse in pencilchurchill island

A coloured photograph of a M113 APC habing its tracks replaced in the field. The rear of the APC sits on the front of a tank to lift the tracks of the ground. Crews stand on the vehicles and of the groundM113's nickname is "The Nympho" S/No 134photograph, m113, armoured personnel carrier

Produced in the 1990's for use by the primary school concert band. Possibly screen printed by the company who did the school uniforms.The music stand banners identified the school when its music groups were performing at events in the community or at competitions such as the Latrobe Valley Eisteddfod, adding a professional appearance to the groups. Set of approximately 30 banners. Bottle green satin banner, embossed with 1990's school logo in white, with white fringe on lower edge. Elastic attached to back of banner to hold it on a music stand.concert band, traralgon, music, grey street, lv eisteddfod

Penleigh Boyd, Robin and Patricia Boyd's son, writes “Prior to 1950 Robin, like most other amateur or hobby photographers, took black and white printed photographs. The oldest slides date from 1950 when Robin and Patricia travelled to Europe on Robin’s Robert Haddon Travelling Scholarship.” In 1948 Robin Boyd was awarded ‘joint first place’ in the Robert Haddon competition for his design of Mildura art gallery. The scholarship helped fund their first overseas trip. Robin and Patricia were passengers on the Greek ship “Cyrenia” departing in May 1950, passing through the Suez Canal and landing in Genoa five weeks later. For six months, they travelled extensively throughout Europe (predominantly driving themselves) - France, Italy, United Kingdom, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Spain.Colour slide in a mount. CIAAO Hotel, Massawa, Eritrea, Africa. CIAAO stands for Concessione Italiana Alberghi Africa Orientale - a chain of colonial Italian hotels in East Africa.Africa Massawa Hotel (Handwritten) / CIAAO Hotel, Massawa ( Handwritten)haddon travelling scholarship, haddon, robin boyd, slide

Stawell Football Team 1929 in front of Grandstand Central Park. Back Row: W. Sneddon, Ray Maddocks. Bill Earle, Clem. Hall, Morrie Robson, Stan Robson, Johnny Walker, Jim Sutherland. Centre Row: Joe Earle, Bill Holzigal, Roy Parker, Horrie Hunt, Len Beachley, Lloyd Jones (Capt.), Ray Rowe, Jack Hall, Dinny McKey, Alan Blachford. Seated: Harold Carr, Bill Johns, August Greenberger. Black and white photograph of a group of sports men. Three rows of the football team in front of a wooden stand and stair. Second black &white photo slightly enlarged of original.Kennedy Photo Names written on back of photograph. (See context for list)stawell sport

White cotton crocheted round milk jug cover. Stand up crocheted cup and saucer in centre edged in red. Red and cream beads around outside edgehandcrafts, crocheting or crochet work, domestic items, food storage & preservation

White cotton crocheted milk jug cover. Round with crocheted stand up cup and saucer edged in pink in centre. White and pink beads around outer edge.handcrafts, crocheting or crochet work, domestic items, food storage & preservation

Short history of Yarran Dheran on the banks of Mullum Mullum Creek in Mitcham, including mention of Schwerkolt Cottage, now a museum, and an Information Centre which now stands empty.schwerkolt cottage, smith, mavis, arrowsmith, valda, yarran dheran, parks and reserves

Copy of a black and white photograph of City of Kew Mayor John H. Gervasoni. He stands in front of the Kew Coat of Arms on the exterior marble of the Kew Civic Centre.mayor, mayoral, portrait, kew, gervasoni, john, jack, coat of arms, cresco, city of kew, kew mayors

Black and white image of H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh and and his brother, in Mining Costume after descending the Band of Hope Gold Mine, Ballarat. R.M. Serjeant stands to the left. ballarat, band and albion gold mine, mining, duke of edinburgh, royal visit, princes, robert malachi serjeant, r.m. serjeant, royalty

detail of historic buildingColour photo Original Holy Trinity Anglican Church/Common School (April 1857), east side. Part of tennis court visible in foreground, with net and umpire's stand.buninyong, holy trinity, tennis court, anglican, church, common school

A dismantled cardboard product stand, by Spalding, for Doris Hart endorsed racquets. Inscription: DORIS HART/SAYS.../SPALDING/SETS THE PACE IN TENNIS. Materials: Ink, Paper, Cardboardtennis

An item forming part of a collection of costumes, photographs and documents relating to the Weir family who lived in the mansion originally named Illapa, 84 Princess Street, Kew, from c.1917 to 1950. This historically significant collection includes items relating to both George Weir (1866-1937) and his wife Edith Mary Weir (1867-1948). George Weir attained national prominence in the mining industry, becoming General Manager of the North Broken Hill Silver Mining Company in 1903 (later renamed North Broken Hill Mining Company 1905-12, and North Broken Hill Ltd 1912-1988), and subsequently President of the Mine Owners Association. He was to remain General Manager of North Broken Hill Ltd until his retirement in 1926.An early studio portrait of Edith Mary Weir (nee Betteridge) & George Weir c. 18/11/1891. The family story is that the photograph was taken by Yeomen photographers, of Burke St East, Melbourne about the time of their wedding prior to sailing on a ketch to Strachan, Tasmania.Print copy of an oval studio portrait of George Weir and Edith Mary Betteridge. In the portrait, George is seated while Edith stands to his right, holding a cockade fan.weir collection, george weir, horace rigby weir, george rigby weir, john rigby weir, edith rigby weir, edith mary weir (nee betteridge)

To share information and gain first hand knowledge, organisations sometimes undertook study visits to various countries. In appreciation for the hospitality and information gained as part of this, the Sarawak Society for the Blind - Sibu branch presented a commemorative plaque to RVIB. 1 plastic stand with engraved silver plate of a collage of images of rural village scenes, with yellow and black insignia for the Sarawak Society for the Blind Sibu branch rests in the middle.With compliments from Sarawak Society for the Blind (State) 1st August 1994royal victorian institute for the blind, sarawak society for the blind

Ruby glass jam and cream set, with two glass bowls with fluted edge in clear glass. On silver stand with embossed feet. Has large silver oval handle.jam containers, jam, cream containers, cream

Moiz Siddiqui is determined to knock off a 10km run and won’t let a vision-impaired diagnosis stand in his way. News article 1 page, black text, colour image.moiz siddiqui, vision impaired, eltham leisure centre

Cr Roy JULIER (on left) & 'Skip' SHORT. The latter is dressed in Scout uniform and an unknown man stands behind him.B & W photograph of Cr Roy Julier & 'Skip' Short & unknown man.local government - city of port melbourne, frank julier, f a w 'skip' short

Carols by Candlelight performers stand hand in hand, signing the final songs of the rehearsal evening with the band and choir behind them.B/W photograph of entertainers at Carols by Candlelight 1978David Johnston 266% pp11, 58% pp 31carols by candlelight, royal victorian institute for the blind

The original Melton settlement on the flat where the golf course is now located. The tree still stands over Toolern Creek.Early photograph of the original settlement in Meltonmisc.