This deck cannon is believed to be a replica Carronade as it has no foundry mark, year of manufacture, proof marks or weight of carronade on it. However, its design matches the design of Carronades used in the early to mid 19th century. History: The carronade was designed as a short-range naval weapon with a low muzzle velocity for merchant ships, but it also found a niche role on warships. It was produced by the Carron iron works and was at first sold as a complete system with the gun, mounting, and shot altogether. Carronades initially became popular on British merchant ships during the American Revolutionary War. A lightweight gun that needed only a small gun crew and was devastating at short range was well suited to defending merchant ships against French and American privateers.   Its invention is variously attributed to Lieutenant General Robert Melville in 1759, or to Charles Gascoigne, manager of the Carron Company from 1769 to 1779. In its early years, the weapon was sometimes called a "mellvinade" or a "gasconade". The carronade can be seen as the culmination of a development of naval guns reducing the barrel length and thereby the gunpowder charge. The Carron Company was already selling a "new light-constructed" gun, two-thirds of the weight of the standard naval gun and charged with one-sixth of the weight of the ball in powder before it introduced the carronade, which further halved the gunpowder charge. The theory of its design was to use less powder and had other advantages that were advertised in the company's sales pamphlet of the time, state. The smaller gunpowder charge reduced the barrel heating in action, also reduced the recoil. The mounting, attached to the side of the ship on a pivot, took the recoil on a slider, without altering the alignment of the gun. The pamphlet advocated the use of woolen cartridges, which eliminated the need for wadding and worming, although they were more expensive. Carronades also simplified gunnery for comparatively untrained merchant seamen in both aiming and reloading that was part of the rationale for adopting the gun. Other advantages promoted by the company were. The replacement of trunnions by a bolt underneath, to connect the gun to the mounting, reduced the width of the carriage that enhanced the wide angle of fire. A merchant ship would almost always be running away from an enemy, so a wide-angle of fire was much more important than on a warship. A carronade weighed a quarter as much as a standard cannon and used a quarter to a third of the gunpowder charge. This reduced charge allowed Carronades to have a shorter length and much lighter weight than long guns. Increasing the size of the bore and ball reduces the required length of the barrel. The force acting on the ball is proportional to the square of the diameter, while the mass of the ball rises by the cube, so acceleration is slower; thus, the barrel can be shorter and therefore lighter. Long guns were also much heavier than Carronades because they were over-specified to be capable of being double-shotted,(to load cannons with twice the shot, for increased damage at the expense of range). Whereas it was dangerous to do this in a carronade. A ship could carry more carronades, or carronades of a larger caliber, than long guns, and carronades could be mounted on the upper decks, where heavy long guns could cause the ship to be top-heavy and unstable. Carronades also required a smaller gun crew, which was very important for merchant ships, and they were faster to reload. Additional notes: Cannon cast in England, Wales and Scotland had their imperial weight chiselled or engraved in the format of 4-2-0 on the bottom of the cascabel, indicating the weight of the cannon as 4 hundredweight, 2 quarters and 0 pounds. Since a hundredweight equals 112 pounds and a quarter weight is 28 pounds the total weight is 504 pounds or about 228 kilograms. The small bore replica carronade and carriage is part of a collection of nineteenth Century Flagstaff Hill Guns and cannons, and is a representation of carronades used from the early 18th up to the 1850s on merchant and military ships particularly the British Royal Navy until 1850. This example is not significant in the historic sense but demonstrates the type of artillery used aboard vessels of the time for protection & offensive military actions. Cannon, cast iron, small smooth bore cannon on the stepped wooden carriage with wooden wheels. It appears to fire a 12-pound cannonball. The Cannon barrel can have its elevation adjusted via a sliding sloped block at the rear of the cannon. Gun carriage has loops for locating and holding the carriage in position with the use of ropes. It is believed this carronade is a replica of a mid-to-late 19th-century Carronade cannon.Cast into metal; [Royal emblem of Queen Victoria (VR "Victoria Regina")]warrnambool, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, cannon, naval cannon, cannon on carriage, 19th century cannon, fortifications, smooth bore cannon, 12 pounder, carronade, artillery, replica, deck cannon, cannon in carriage, ship cannon

This cap would have been worn by a student nurse in her third year of training as in the first year her cap had no arrows. Prior to the transfer of nursing education to the university sector, nurses were trained in a course of instruction in hospital nursing schools that awarded a certificate in general nursing. These courses were generally for a three-year period, and nurses were paid employees of the parent hospital. In Melbourne after WW11 because individual hospitals couldn't get enough nursing students a school of nursing was established - The Royal Melbourne and Associated Hospitals School of Nursing.A white cotton cap which draws up at the back with string to form a frill. It was pinned on the hair. The cap has two red arrows on the rim.H.D. MURRELL 5485health nursing uniform

Programme of a Legacy Demonstration at the Melbourne Town Hall in 1972. Throughout the year Melbourne Legacy provided classes for Junior Legatees such as dancing, gymnastics and eurythmics, the Demonstration was an annual event to showcase their skills. Melbourne Legacy conducted Annual Demonstrations / Parades from 1928 through to 1979, usually held at Melbourne Town Hall or Olympic Pool Stadium. The beautiful costumes were made by members of the Junior Legacy Mothers' Club and the Melbourne Legacy Wives' Association. These costumes were Russian cossack dancers. The year was assumed to be 1972 as that was one year that 4th August was a Friday. A record of a Junior Legacy demonstration. The annual demonstrations showcased the amount of effort the children put into their classes.White card printed on both sides and folded in half. Front page is of two Junior Legatees in costume dancing with the Legacy Torch in the top righthand corner. Middle pages detail the times of Boy's and Girl's classes together with the concert programme. The back page detail appreciation of those that have given their time to teach the Junior Legatees.annual demonstration, legacy on parade, junior legatee, costumes

Yields information about the official opening by the BTPS of its operations in Wendouree Parade.Set of 15 AGFA blue and white plastic mount 35mm slides of the official opening day of the BTPS Wendouree Parade tramway operations by the Chairman of the SEC 1/2/1975. .1 - 14 on access track for BTV6 .2 - 14 running out on access track .3 - 27 running in Wendouree Parade .4 - 26 at Gardens Loop with the watchman's shed. .5 - 38 on depot fan .6 - ditto .7 - as for .1 .8 - 14 on access track .9 - 26 in Wendouree Parade .10 - 40 heads the opening line up in Wendouree Parade .11 - ditto .12 - 27 at the other end .13 - ditto .14 - ditto .15 - waiting for the ceremony - it was a hot day. Various notations by John as to the slide number and the trams in pencil and ink.tramways, trams, btps, opening, wendouree parade, depot, tram 40, tram 26, tram 14, tram 27

Set of two colour photographs of BTM hosting the "cops n' kids", charter on 18/11/2002, taken by Austin Brehaut on Kodak Royal Paper. Included with the worksheet file is an article prepared by Dave O'Neil and edited by Simon Green for Jan. 2003 issue of Fares Please! 2264.1 - Group at the ice-cream tram. 2264.2 - Crew with some of the charter participants. A third photograph - Dave O'Neil and participants standing by No. 40 - sent to Trolley Wire Editor 12/1/2003. Shown in image only. With worksheet is a Courier Cutting of 9/6/03 about Sgt John Moloney, organiser for the event and his receipt of the Australian Police Medal. - see related documents.2264.1 - " 'Cops n' Kids' trip 18.11.02 at the 'other' tram." / APB" in blue ink. 2264.2 - " 'Cops n' Kids' charter 18.11.02 with crew Austin Brehaut and Dave O'Neil" / "APB" in blue ink.charters, cops n' kids, tram 40

Demonstrates aspects of the Ballarat Tramways management system of Traffic Inspector rosters and that they worked a 38 week. Gives two different arrangements.Typed sheet, two carbon copies, giving two forms of rosters for Traffic Inspectors. Titled "Traffic Inspectors' Rotating Duty Rosters" and dated 29-8-1966, has rosters for four traffic inspectors - four week rotation and for three inspectors - three weeks rotation. Shows the hours of work (all 38 hour week), starting and finishing times, for each day of the week. Note under heading says "As from 17 May 1954". Did it change with the number of inspectors available? That is with one of the four being on leave. See also Reg. Item 3421 for the 1954 arrangements. Two copies held. 3rd copy added 12/3/2009Both copies marked in top right hand corner in black ink "BTPS 808"trams, tramways, timetables, sec, ballarat, crews, inspectors

Negative No. N386 and black and white print made by a laser printer (stored in folder) of Ballarat No. 38 at Sebastopol terminus, 1959, prior to fitting lights etc. Large triangles over marker lights and car number to side of headlight. Tram showing Lydiard St. North destination. Terminus pole in photograph. By side of tram are two cars, make??, registration of closest one is HK 760. Date of photo on folder 29/12/1958 Large print of this photo made for display 1995c. Item updated when negative added to collection - 1/6/2003. Original negative rescanned 24/5/2020 and image file updated. Paper print of original photo in folder 73.Paper folder that contained the negative had "NR11A" in red ink, "BA15" in pencil, date stamp of "29 Dec 1958" on front, and on rear date stamps "26 Sep 1962" and "26 Sep 1962".trams, tramways, albert st, sebastopol, tram 38

.1 - Insurance Policy - six fold - titled "Public Risk Contractors and/or General Policy" from "The Ocean Accident and Guarantee Corporation Limited of London - Victorian Branch" to the Albion Quarrying Company Limited, dated 1/12/1912, expiring 30/6/1913. Gives details of the policy, who was covered, amount, premium and conditions. Endorsed by the Insurers Manager as to the requirement that all openings and excavations be lit at night. Possibly for the Construction of the Malvern Tramway but not detailed as such. .2 - handwritten receipt on preprinted sheet No. 15101, receiving the premium for the above policy, dated 26/11/1912. Gives details of the sum assured, signatures and has a State of Victoria stamp duty stamp on the left hand side."38" in ink in top right hand corner.trams, tramways, construction, pmtt, insurance, contracts, employees, receipts

Newspaper clipping titled: “The things that happen to Hamer” – Herald 19/4/73 Photo and text, tram # 1041 breakdown, pushed by tram # 1035, VIP test ride on prototype $120,000 tram Transport Minister Wilcox stunned and Premier Hamer not amused. Standing on corner of Gertrude and Nicholson Sts Fitzroy at 9.57, surrounded by 30 reporters, waiting for first VIP test ride on new prototype tram. Tramways officer tells Mr Kirby that tram has broken down in Smith St, “bloody electronics have blown up”. Tram arrived at rendezvous point at 10:12, but VIPs had gone. Number 1041 shunted at Nicholson St and headed back to Preston workshops.trams, tramways, prototype tramcar, testing, gertrude st, nicholson st, spring st, preston workshops, tram 1041, tram 1035

Set of two letters on quarto paper regarding an article to appear in the Feb. 25 issue of Modern Transport. .1 - Original of letter from D. R, Lamb, editor of Modern Transport magazine dated 30/12/1938 addressed to Mr. A. D Murdoch General Manager MMTB requesting an message of 1000 to 2000 words describing developments in the MMTB for publication in "Overseas Transport and Trade", showcasing British Industries for a forthcoming Fair. .2 - Response back from Lewis Russell Publicity Officer dated 13/1/1939, advising the death of Mr. Murdoch, enclosing a response of about 1500 words and asking for a copy to be sent to his brother Herbert Russell at The Times.Has an approved note from the Chairman H Bell.trams, tramways, london, reports, letters, mmtb, publicity, transport

Set of three Newspaper clippings from The Melbourne Times, 22/7/1992 about the withdrawal of the W class trams. .1 - Front page - with a colour photo of W5 838, Route 12 in Swanston St - Endangered Species. .2 - Page 10 with the headline "When W stands for Wedundant", report of the PTC Strategic Review Committee - too many trams, Peter Spyker Minster, cut from 258 Operational trams to 111, cost of overhauls, National Trust views, quotes Dr Michael Wilmot, availability of the cars. .3 - continuation on page 11 - comparison with Z class, operation of various trams on routes, importance to have a modern tram fleet as well - survey results.trams, tramways, w class, swanston st, w5 class, operations, national trust, withdrawn trams, z class, overhauls, tram 838

2NBH - Excursion Car NBH SECOND-CLASS EXCURSION CAR. The H was recognising their use for "Holiday" traffic. 15 of these cars were built in 1919 and numbered 1-15. Two more were built in 1981, and numbered 16 & 17. Two extended versions for wheelchair passengers were built in 1981 & 1983. These were numbered 51 & 52 - a separate number series due to the different type of vehicle. Six, numbered 18-23, were built in 1997-98. These had steel frames, padded seats, and a wide "window sill". At first glance they look the same as the previous NBHs. There are other minor construction differences due to the use of steel framing. 18NBH entered traffic 19/4/1997; 19NBH on 5/12/1997; 20NBH on 19/12/1997, the others added in 1998. VR Service History : 14/ 5/1900 NWS Built new as 33 NQR converted & renumbered to 12/ 4/1919 - To NBH 2 VR Service History NQR 33.VA - 14/ 5/1900 NWS Built new - 12/ 4/1919 - To NBH 2.VA - *NBH 2.VA - / 4/1929 - Modified Malco BO circa 1955 - Condemned Puffing Billy Service History or Notes 12 Apr 1919 - Nos 1 to 6 NBH (new) delivered to UPPER FERN TREE GULLY after this date. Mar 2013 - In for a hot box againHistoric - Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge - Passenger Rolling Stock: Excursion Car Passenger Carriage - Excursion Car made of steel and timber2NBH puffing billy railway, pbr, rolling stock , 2nbh, victorian railways narrow gauge - passenger rolling stock,, victorian railways, nbh - excursion car, 2nbh

Photo of two trams crossing each other at Carlton St loop, out of sequence running, normally crossed at Gardens loop Typical of the operation and the street scene at the time. The background trees were later removed.Bogie tram 36 and single trucker (20) crossing at Carlton St. Loop, early 1970's. View looking down track, towards south. No. 36 with Mt Pleasant destination, and No. 20 with Gardens via Sturt St. West on western track. Trees full with leaves. Note V crossing of frog, one made up by SEC? No. 20 has Twin Lakes sign under headlight. Image not square onto photo paper. 358.1 - duplicate copy from William F Scott, smaller print. 358.2 - as above - but mid size print.358.1 - On rear in ink "SEC Ballarat Tramways. Cars on Carlton Street loop, just outside the southern entrance to the Botanical Gardens" and in pencil "Christopher D Phillips, 113 Windermere Street Ballarat (053) 31 6075" and "12/1967" 358.2 - "44)" in top left hand corner, William F Scott address label in bottom right hand corner, trimming marks top and bottom. Label centrally, "photo page 40, Reduce to 5 1/2" and 3 1/4" " and along bottom :Ballarat Tramways (SEC) Christopher D Phillips "28.12.1967"trams, tramways, ballarat, carlton st., wendouree parade , tram 36, 20

"Ronald Edward Browning" VX124215, enlisted 17.3.1943 and was discharged on 12 3 1947 with the rank of L/Sgt in HQ Aust ADV Supply depot. Refer also Cat No 4424.2 Photo, copy of original B & W portrait of a soldier in uniform with Peak cap, colour patch visible is a triangular shape on the arm.photography, portraits, military ww2, ronald edward browning

The item was brought back from Japan by Sapper Albert Alexander Founds VX71775 who joined from Lara Victoria 12 January 1942 and was discharged on 9th July 1947.Brought back by Sapper Albert Alexander Founds VX71775 from World War 2Silk Japanese Flag Nonejapanese flag, nippon, silk, japan

The Coronation edition of Punch, an English magazine, published for the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth on 12 May 1937. Takes a humorous look at the British people's reactions to this occasion.An example of mid-20th century magazines.Various numbering of pages., Illus. (some col.).magazines, coronation, king george vi

Metal spoon with timber handle, found along Plenty River near Yallambie circa 2005. [View advertisement in The Weekly Times Saturday 12 August 1899, page 32]Spoon with pointed bowl, timber handle and bone on shaft. Some rust.spoons, plenty river, yallambie

Mr Mark Dreyfus, Member for Isaacs, gave a speech in the House of Representatives on Thursday 16 February 2012, after attending the official opening ceremony on Sunday 12 February 2012. He spoke about the closing of St Leonard's Cornish Campus in 2011, the community determination and achievement in establishing a new school and of Richard B. Cornish and his vision for the future. He also thanked Mr Kerry Bolger, the principal elect and the four student leaders, Robbie Boag, Georgia Bell, Kathleen Kiddell and Eliza Wilton. Two page document with the Australian Coat of Arms at the top of page one and a graphic of Parliament House underneath. Page two contains a speech by Mr Mark Dreyfus, Member for Isaacs dated Thursday 16/02/2012.cornish_college_inaugural_year, education, school, mr kerry bolger, mr mark dreyfus, speech

These Horse Brasses are owned by Mr Don Rickard and were on display at Historical Society in Dec 2000 A newspaper report of 22/12/2000 is in Book 2 of the Historical Society Scrapbook Colour photograph of horse brasses on large boardhobby

These Horse Brasses are owned by Mr Don Rickard and were on display at Historical Society in Dec 2000 A newspaper report of 22/12/2000 is in Book 2 of the Historical Society Scrapbook Colour photograph of horse brasses on large boardhobby