Book with dustjacket and protective covering. The dustjacket has a purple background, with title and author's name in grey print on front and spine. Front of dust jacket also has a black and white photograph of 12 women and a man. 10 of these women are in dressed in nurses uniforms, another wears a white cap, and the woman in the centre is wearing a white scarf on her head (Florence Nightingale with a group of nurses from London Hospitals at Claydon. Standing behind her are her brother in-in-law Sir Henry Verney (owner of Claydon) and the matron Miss Crossland)non-fictionThis book challenges the traditional view of Nightingale as a saintly figure, presenting a more complex and critical portrait. The book analyzes how Nightingale leveraged her personal relationships and influence to advance her public health and nursing reforms, highlighting her achievements and less savory tactics.florence nightingale, nurse administrators-great britain, nurrse-history, nursing-history

0 - No 9 - 1/4/2011 - Rhinos on skateboards, Did you know, Spencer St works, .1 - No. 11 of 3/5/2011 with the revised Yarra trams logo, traffic priority, work over Easter in Spencer St at Bourke and Collins St, Good Friday appeal, safety, passenger feedback and future works. .2 - No. 13 - 31/5/2011 - new uniform, cleaning, CEPR, trackwork - Fitzroy St, Northcote, Rhino, Carlton Control. .3 - No. 14 - 15/6/2011 - Haymarket Roundabout, accessibility, maintenance, CSE. 3a - No. 16 - 19/7/2011 - Managers on the move, Trevor Jones, Yarra's vision, Richard Ch'ng and Rhino update. .4 - No. 17 - 2/8/2011 - High St Westgarth trackwork, Swanston St, IMF CEO visit .5 - No. 18 - 16/8/2011 - Performance benchmarks met, Preston Workshops, repairs to 3018, tram signal priority. .6 - No . 19 - 30/8/2011 - New E class trams, routes "a" or "d", TramTracker in shelters, police, fare evasion .7 - No. 20 - 15/9/2011 - Football trams, Superstops, Bridge Road, Rhinos. .8 - No. 21 - 27/9/2011 - CEO's journey to work, accessibility, increased patronage, E class. .8a - No. 22 - 11/10/2011 - Minister Mulder visit, E class, Customer experience, Elizabeth Kerdelhue Corporate Affairs Director, flood indicator in Wellington Parade, Keolis - Orleans and PTV coming your way. .9 - No. 23 - 25/10/2011 - forthcoming royal visit, opening for Footscray Road extension, Rhinos, Stockholm .10 - No. 24 - 8/11/2011- Royal visit, photos, Z3 158, route 86 works in High St. (see htd5043i21 for a image from an unknown newspaper of the actual event - features Z3 158.) .11 - No. 25 - 22/11/2011 - new staff guide, Gold Coast tram line, Macarthur St, overhead, fund raising, route numbering update. .12 - No. 26 - 6/12/2011 - Swanston St Superstops, Newmarket bridge strikes, rhinos. .13 - No. 27 - 20/12/2011 - Christmas carnival, Lenny Bates, portable crossover, uniforms. .14 - No. 28 - 17/1/2012 - Passing of Len Bates, Myki, Gardiner railway station. 14a - No. 29 - 31/1/2012 - Southbank depot, patronage, myki, think like a passenger, fatigue management, .15 - No. 30 - 15/2/2012 - visit of Keolis, SNCF people, list of Executive leadership team with photos, Swanston St works, Myki introduction. .16 - No. 31 - 29/2/2012 - patronage up, tram postage stamps, Myki, rhinos. .17 - No. 32 - 14/3/2012 - St Kilda Rd trackwork, fund raising, Southbank Depot extensions, Myki, driving conditions, grand prix. .18 - No. 33 - 30/3/2012 - introduction of the PTV, end of MetLink and Transport Ticketing Authority, changes in management structure, trackwork, Gold Coast tramway and Keolis. .19 - No. 34 - Dr Jake - Royal children's Hospital super stop, route 96 - Premium line. .20 - No. 35, 2/5/2012 - Revision of Rules, trackwork in St Kilda Road and Elizabeth St, Myki, safety - Zero Harm. .21 - No. 69 - 25/9/2013 - Passengers paying their way, E class update, Mal Ashworth retires, progress report, feedback, new chime on trams. .22 - No. 70 - 9/10/2013 - Art comes alive, tram 925, driver simulator at Preston Workshops, E class project, 90th Glen Huntly. .23 - No. 83 - 23/4/2014 - Screen time for trams, new PIDs on B class, assistance animals, Operations Centre, Preston Workshops, Electrical log sheets to SLV. .24 - No. 89 - 23/7/2014 - punctuality, refresh of network map (fold-out map), women drivers. .25 - No. 97 - 19/11/2014 - Revitalising route 96, Keolis news, free tram zone, guide dogs. .26 - No. 99 - 17/12/2014 - Accessibility week, new uniform top for CSE's, free tram zone, world trade centre stop upgrade, heat stress, Art tram 158. .27 - No. 100 - 14/1/2015 - Route 96 complete, New Years eve free travel, fare compliance, patronage down, .28 - No. 12 - 16/5/2011 - Gold coast tramway, performance dashboard, tramworks and the rhino .29 - No. 16 - 19/7/2011 - Depot managers, tevor jones, record patronage, vision, rhino .30 - No. 17 - 2/8/2011 - High St Westgarth works, Duncan Smith, David Clarke Training, Swanston St works, and Preston Workshops . .32 - No. 39 - 28/6.2012 - maintenance, Emmanual Sorin, transformation, fare evasion, and Combino in Potsdam. .33 - No. 105 - 25/3/2015 - Grand Prix, Elgin and Lygon upgrade, Camberwell Junction, PTV hub, overhead.Demonstrates Yarra trams staff newsletters.Set of 33 Yarra Trams internal newsletter "The Wire", All A4, printed in full colour. All four pages unless noted otherwise, full colour, performance snapshot on front cover.trams, tramways, yarra trams, traffic control, trackwork, spencer st, fund raising, operations, rhinos, carlton control, high st, haymarket, preston workshops, e class, route numbers, bridge road, wellington parade, ptv, royal visit, footscray road, new tramway, gold coast, macarthur st, swanston st, superstops, newmarket, gardiner, burke road, level crossings, railway squares, myki, metlink, tickets, route 96, rules, st kilda road, elizabeth st, tram 158, tram 925, glen huntly depot, simulator, b class, opeations centre, art trams, patronage

An unframed square acrylic-on-canvas painting in tones of green and white forming an abstract botanical pattern that radiates out from the centre. A renowned Anmatyerre artist from Utopia, Northern Territory, Petyarre’s work carries more than pigment—it holds a lineage of care. These sweeping, rhythmic brushstrokes represent Kurrajong leaves and other medicinal plants traditionally gathered and prepared by women healers. Passed from grandmother to granddaughter, these practices are a form of medicine beyond the clinical. They speak of country, ceremony, and community. They evoke breath, movement, and the cyclical nature of wellbeing. Hand painted on reverse. "JEANNIE PETYARRE 60X60" Handwritten on reverse. "(Sister of Gloria Petyarre) / "Medicine Leaves" 2005. / Presented to ANZCA by Prof. Michael Cousins 16/6/06"oil paint, acrylic paint, floral, floral design, botanical design, abstract art, indigenous artists, first nations artists, australian artists, australian art

This hand crafted doily, created during war time, features a side on image of a soldier holding a rifle with butt at his feet. In Victorian times, idle hands were frowned upon so women knitted and crocheted. In addition to their decorative function doilies have the practical role of protecting fine-wood furniture from the scratches caused by crockery or decorative objects, or from spilled tea when used on tea trays or with cups and saucers. Off white square crocheted doily with side on image of soldier holding rifle in the centre.Crotched - "Our Hero Were proud of him" "ANZAC 1915"doily, 1915

Cream wooden framed selection of 9 badges displayed on cream coloured background.Top centre: “BADGES OF CORPS ASSOCIATED WITH PASSCHANDAELE BARRACKS 1964 TO 1977” Underneath each badge: “1. Royal Australian Infantry 2nd Battalion Royal Victorian Regiment 2. & 3. Royal Australian Army Service Corps 4. Royal Australian Electrical & Mechanical Engineers” 5. Royal Australian Army Medical Corp 6. Australian Army Catering Corp 7. Women's Royal Australian Army Corps 8. Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps 9. Royal Australian Corps of Transportpasschendaele barracks trust, badges, framed

Badge in WW2, Awarded to wife/mother/nearest female relative with family member serving overseas. One star represents one family member serving.Metal round badge with attached bar containing one star. Badge is topped with a crown and has a map of Australia in centre. Has pin on the back to attach to material. Colour is brown/bronze.Front has inscription "To the Women of Australia". Back has No. impressed A.243682. Also impressed on back issued by Cmwth Govt".ww2, female relative badge

Each bar is for a son in the services.Silver metal and blue enamel. Enamelled ring with "AIF" in centre, topped with crown, enamelled banner underneath. 3 bars slung underneath banner. AIF or RAN exclusive award given to nearest female relative of male who enlisted in WWI and served overseas. In enamelled ring: "Issued by Dept of Defence/To women of Australia" On banner: "For duty done"numismatics-badges-commemmorative, metalcraft, female relative

The badge (on the right) is a Female Relatives Badge from the Second World War and the stars represent the number of serving individuals related to the holder of the badge. A number of the back appears in a register that records the name of the holder. .2) Three stars denotes 3 members of the family in the army in 1939 - 1945..1) Badge, brassround with 2 lugs on rear. Front has "War Worker Australia". Centre is coat of arms. On rear is "Navies & Labourers". Stamped numbered badge. .2) Female relative badge. Metal, silver colour, round shape with crown. wreath arrangement with map of Australia centre. Rear has pin attached. Attached by two small chains is a clasp with 3 small bronze stars. Rear of badge is stamped..1) :"Issued by the department of defence, 618. .2) Front "To the Women of Australia" Rear "Issued by the C/Weath Govt. A6800badages, medallions, female, relative, war workers

.1) One star denotes one son serving overseas. .2) 2/8 th Batt AIF association badge .3) Made from a one shilling piece, the centre colour patch inlaid made from tooth brush handles..1) Female relative badge WW 11 Circular Floral design, crown at top, map of Australia centre, suspended by 2 links a bar with one star attached. .2) Badge, round metal centre has white over red colour patch, gold writing around, small clip on section has letters "L M" denoting "LIFE MEMBER" .3) Badge, round metal centre has a white over red colour patch with light blue surround 2/8 th Bn A.I.F..1)" To the women of Australia" on rear "issued by C/Wlth govt A8193" .2) "2/8th Australian Infantry Battalion"passchendaele barracks trust, badges, 2/8th, female relative

The badges were first issued in 1940 to the nearest female relative of a soldier on Active Service. Each star on the bar represents one person. This badge was issued to Billy Birds Mother. William (Billy) Bird No VX113169 2/14 Batt AIF. Refer 1601. William Bird was born on the 15th of April 1924, enlisted in the AIF on the 19th of October 1942 when he was 18 years of age. He was discharged from the 2/14 Australian Infantry Battalion on the 21st of August 1946. Female Relative Badge. The Badge has a Map of Australia in the centre surrounded by two sets of laurel leaves.It is topped by a Crown. The Bar is suspended beneath the medallion by rings with one five pointed star on the bar."To the Women of Australia" The rear of the Badge has "Issued By Commonwealth of Australia A182120" numismatics-badges, female relative

Female Relatives Badge instituted in 1940. Issued to the nearest female relative. Each star represents a serving member of the Forces. Badge number 126191 relates to Frederick Victor Clive Lowery VX28403 2nd AIF. Badge number 2435 relates to the Ruby Hutchins, the mother of six brothers who served in the AIF: Donald (VX43028), Norman (VX10296), Leonard (VX683), Clifford (VX682), Charles (VX63583) and Ronald (VX681). "To The Women of Australia" badges. .1) Circular badge with map of Australia central and crown at top. Suspended by chain is a bar with one star centre. .2) Same as above..1) "126191" .2) "2435"numismatics - badges, female relatives, ww2

Badge issued to Servicemen and women who returned from active duty overseas in recognition of their service. It is not clear who this WW1 Returned from Active Service badge belonged to at this point.Gold coloured round badge. Rising Sun emblem in centre with AIF below. Crown on top of circle. Around edge of outer edge "Issued by Dept of Defence" and "Returned from Active Service" from bottom. On back is small clip attached to two small metal hooks/rings.Inscribed "199561" on back. Also "Stokes & Sons".returned service badge, ww2

Country Womens Association taken at their twenty first birthday celebrations 1956 - identified are inside back row Vera Harbeck dark hair and glasses and Rita Lawson short hair, Centre Back Eva Hetherington nee McGuiness of Merrangbaur House with dark hat floral dress Inside back row from right Mrs V Paton white hat and necklace dark rimmed glasses In front of Mrs Paton Mavis Smith floral dress, In front of Mavis, Barbara Ray short hair white earrings Extreme right Miss Bertha Hansen of Venga Guesthouse, Senior woman in front Mrs Stanbury mother of Elsie Ball Victoria House Elsie Mai Bell Fashions, at Lakes Entrance VictoriaBlack and white photograph of thirty five members of Country Womens Association Lakes Entrance Victoriaclubs, social history, fashion

The items belonged Rueben John Tyrer V150812. He enlisted on 20.1.42 aged 44 year. At discharge on 5.12.45 he was a Driver in 37 Aust Field Works Coy. .1) Medal set, court mounted, set of (4) re R.J Tyrer. 1. 1939-45 Star. 2. Pacific Star. 3. War Medal 1939-45. 4. Australian Service Medal 1939 - 15 .2) Ribbon set (2) mounted on brass strip with pin for attachment. 1. Ribbon re Pacific Star. 2. Ribbon re Australian Service Medal. .3) Badge, metal "To the Women of Australia". Circular floral wreath with crown at top, centre is a map of Australia. Under is a bar suspended by a link. The bar has one star meaning one relative serving in the Armed Forces. .4) Medal, gold colour, "60th Anniversary of the end of WW11". The front has a centre Coat of Arms, rear has a depiction of a map of Australia. .5) Black cardboard box to hold .4. The lid has an Australian Coat of Arms..1) "V150812 R.J. Tyrer". .3) "Issued by C'WLTH GOVT A221536" .4) "World War 11 Service to Australia". "World WW11 60 years 1945-2005". .5) "Australian Government Dept of Veterans Affairs. "60th Anniversary of the end of World War 11, For Service to Australia"medals, military, history

Fashion by Oggi, as the sign above the door proclaimed, was located at the Paris End of Collins Street, on the south side, virtually opposite Lilian Weightman’s Le Louvre boutique. Janet Brock, who at the time was working in the Central Business District of Melbourne, had stopped to admire a mauve version of the dress that was displayed in the window, and, on making inquiries from the proprietress, ordered a made-to-measure cream-coloured copy. Her marriage occurred shortly after the death of her father, and took place on 18 December 1971 at the Kew Presbyterian Church in Cotham Road, where the Rev. Peter Mackie was the celebrant. The Fashion & Design collection of the Kew Historical Society includes examples of women’s, men’s, children’s and infants’ clothing from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Items in the collection were largely produced for, or purchased by women in Melbourne, and includes examples of outerwear, protective wear, nightwear, underwear and costume accessories.Wedding dress, purchased by Janet Elizabeth Brock in December 1971 from Oggi of Collins Street. The wedding dress, reaching just below the knee, is lined in silk with a double outer layer of organza. The striking decoration of the monochromatic cream dress is achieved through the use of wide ruffled organza frills at the neck, on the sleeves and at the flared hem of the dress. The dress has a discrete v-neckline with small, self-covered buttons at centre front. At the back, the dress is closed with a nylon zip. In addition to the elaborate stiffened frills, the dress features a wide fabric belt with a double bow, worn at the front. oggi - 103-105 collins street - melbourne (vic), women's clothing, wedding dresses, janet (brock) walker, australian fashion - 1970s

The Fashion & Design collection of the Kew Historical Society includes examples of women’s, men’s, children’s and infants’ clothing from the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. Items in the collection were largely produced for, or purchased by women in Melbourne, and includes examples of outerwear, protective wear, nightwear, underwear and costume accessories. Golda Whelan, a designer with Hartnell of Melbourne designed this wedding dress for her daughter Liane Whelan. Liane married John Merry at St John's Anglican Church in Toorak in 1969.The dress was manufactured in the 'house' of Hartnell of Melbourne, a leading Melbourne Fashion House in the 1950s and the 1960s.White slim line lace wedding dress, featuring eleven self-covered buttons down centre back Off centre rear opening done up by metal press studs. The dress has a silk satin lining and netting underskirt.hartnell of melbourne, golda whelan, wedding dresses, lace dresses

Seated left; Hilda McNeill. b.1887, Standing: Edith Ursula McNeil b.1884, Seated right: Isabella Clark McNeil (Daisy) b.1882 Isabella born Glendaruel, her mother was Ursula McMurray whose family had a farm at Glenndaruel. After Isabella's birth mother and child returned to the family farm at Undera, near Shepparton. Isabella is the grandmother of Lindsay Semmens who donated this portrait.Black and white photograph in a brown gilded frame and decorative edge. Green mat with oval cutout. Picture of three women. 2 seated, 1 standing in centre of groupOn front: In gold script " Toska Studio Shepparton"mcmurray, glendaruel, portrait, mcneil, clark

Recreation Centre during State Womens Basketball Conference game between Lakes Breakers and Heyfield Loggers Sue Wheeler and Freya Bott of Lakes in photo Lakes Entrance VictoriaBlack and white photograph taken at Recreation Centre during State Womens Basketball Conference game between Lakes Breakers and Heyfield Loggers Sue Wheeler and Freya Bott of Lakes in photo Lakes Entrance Victoriasports, basketball, recreation

General biographical, war and subsequent service article about A[nnie] M[oriah] Sage.Full newspaper page clipping with heading and article at the top and large colour advertisement underneath. Article has a black and white photograph of women in Army nurses uniforms. The article has six columns of text.annie moriah sage, wwii, world war two, ww2, florence nightingale medal, commander of the british empire (cbe), nurses memorial centre, matron-in-chief australian military forces

This a cropped reproduction of a photograph taken by Charles Nettleton in c. 1868. Founded in 1856, the Lying-in Hospital was the second hospital to be established in Melbourne, after the Melbourne Hospital. It was, however, the first lying-in hospital in the Australasian colonies. The hospital was founded in a converted private house "Fairmont", which was located at 41 Albert Street, Eastern Hill (now East Melbourne). In 1858, the 'Lying-in Hospital' was relocated and opened in Madeline St, North Melbourne (now known as Swanston St, Carlton)." (The Women's) The building pictured here was eventually demolished in 1938 to make way for further extensions to the building. The original site in Albert Street was demolished in 1960, and the site is now occupied by the Melbourne Fire Brigade. A section of the wrought iron gates from the original site in Albert Street is held in RANZCOG's historical collection.Reproduction photograph of the front of a building. The building is three stories high. The lowest floor has eight large windows, with a door at centre, on the front side. One side window can also be seen at bottom right. There is a small flight of stairs leading up to the door. The second floor has eight windows in the same locations as the first floor, plus one additional window at centre instead of a door. The top floor is much smaller, with three small windows facing the front of the building. There are trees in the grounds in from of the building. House and grounds are enclosed behind a fence. There is a gate in the fence opposite the front door. Three figures are visible on the path outside the fence. One is at the centre of the image, and the other two are in the right hand corner. Text printed below image reads 'THE LYING - IN HOSPITAL circa 1870'. The image has been mounted and framed in a black wooden frame. An old display label for this image is attached to the back of the frame. handwritten text on backing board at back of work reads 'Probably prior to 1867 (J. Nattrass, 1968). Tape residue visible on backing board at upper right. A chain and two hooks have been added to the frame for hanging.

Illustrated book. Multicolour front cover with title and authors name, as well as illustration (black and white photo) of a 'receiving" window, where fathers or other visitors could view a newborn. Nurse and man standing on one side and nurse holding a baby on the other. Title, authors name and publishers mark in white print on gold coloured spine. The back cover has a cream background with a summary of the book printed on it. There are also three photos of the hospitals three homes: St David's Church Hall, Mint Place and Lonsdale St.non-fictionA history of the Queen Victoria hospital. In 1896 eleven female doctors led by Constance Stone opened the Victoria hospital for women and children. After three different city locations, it ceased to exist as a separate entity in 1987, when amalgamation saw it form part of the Monash Medical Centre in Clayton.queen victoria hospital (melbourne), queen victoria memorial hospital (melbourne), queen victoria medical centre(melbourne), monash medical centre, hospitals-victoria -history

Illustrated book with yellow front cover on which tile and author's name are printed in brown ink. There are also one large and four smaller illustrations of women on the front cover (large illustration is Catherine of Aragon, the other illustrations clockwise from top left are Amy Johnson, Annette Kellerman, Dane Ellen Terry and Anna Pavlova) Title, author's and publisher's names are printed in brown on a white background on the spine. A brown and white photograph of a female pilot (Amelia Earhart) along with a list of some of the women written about in the booknon-fictionBrief biographies of 43 women of prominence in various categorieswomen-biographies, women-history

From Heritage Victoria: The Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) was an international first-wave feminist organisation. The Melbourne branch was formed in 1887 and became the biggest and most influential women's organisation in Victoria. The WCTU introduced large numbers of Victorian women to political activity. The Union linked temperance and women's suffrage to achieve a variety of social reforms to improve women’s lives. Possible belonged to Florence Dellar of Henty Street, PortlandBanner for the Women's Christian Temperance Union. Navy cotton backing. Pale blue cotton front. Hand painted. White cord on edges. White fringe on bottom. Person holding flag and cross in centre. Paint - blue, white, black, gold. Wooden slat on top - nailed. String hanger with white tassels.Front: WCTU. For God, For Home, For Native Land. Portland League of Hope. Tremble King of Alcohol, We Shall Grow Up.wctu, womens christian temperance union, feminism, feminist, female artists, womens history, women's rights

In the early 19th century, infant baptismal gowns were modelled on dresses worn by adult women. Gowns were typically made of fine white linen or cotton, and often trimmed with tucks, lace, whitework embroidery, and other handwork. The Kew Historical Society's collection includes over fifteen christening gowns dating from the 19th and 20th centuries.Long, white cotton christening gown. The bodice includes a number of pieces of lace, most notably a panel of broderie anglais at the centre of the bodice. Bands of lace are also used at the neck and on the sleeves. The skirt is gathered below the waist allowing the fabric to form folds.The lower section of the skirt five pleated bands and a hem also created from broderie anglais.christening gowns, ceremonial clothing, children's wear, baptismal clothing, victorian historical themes — 8.6 marking the phases of life

A group attending an Ithacan Society social function held at the Delphic reception centre to celebrate the Olympic Games being held in Melbourne at the time. Seated on the left, front to rear: Marinos Drakopoulos, Vicki Kandiliotis, Toula Kandiliotis, Eutichia Drakopoulos, Jim Kandiliotis and Orpheus Kandiliotis. On the rights side of table are Takis Makris, Costas Defteros, Koula Makri.The Delphic was operated by Bill Dellas and was a very popular venue for Ithacan social and weddings during the 50s and 60s.A black and white photograph of nine people sitting around a table at a social function .There are five men and four women in the group.drake, eftihia

Illustrated book, with brown and green cover. On the front cover is one large and three small photographs Of women (the large photograph is of Vivian Bullwinkel, top right - Joyce Tweedle, centre -Myrtle Rose White, bottom right - Jeannie Gunn) below these photos title (black, green and white ink) and author's name (white ink) are printed. Three of these photos are also on the spine (Vivian Bullwinkel, Joyce Tweedle & Jessie Gunn) above the phots the book title is printed in black and brown ink, and below the author's name, publisher's name and logo are printed in white ink. On the back cover is a summary of the book and a photograph of a woman (Myrtle Rose white non-fictionProviding inspiration for contemporary women, this book profiles 21 individuals who faced different tests - harshness of the Australian outback, but when encountering adversity, even death, each proved her mettle, showing what it takes to be a truly heroic Australian. The 21 wome are :- Georgiana Molloy, Frances ('Fanny') Bussell, Elizabeth ('Bessie') Bussell, Charlotte Cookworthy Bussell, Emma Mary Withnell, Atlanta Hope Bradshaw, Jeannie Gunn OBE, Evelyn Maunsell, Catherine Langloh Parker, Myrtle Rose White, Olive May Kelso King, Dr Agnes Elizabeth Lloyd Bennett, Dr Lilian Violet Cooper, Sister Alice Elizabeth Kitchen, Joice NanKivell Loch, Sister Sylvia Muir, Sister Vivian Bullwinkel, Sister Joyce Tweddell, Sister Betty Jeffrey, Mavis Parkinson, and Sister Frances May Hayman.women-biography, women-australian-biography

Following World War 2, Greece descended into civil war which lasted from 1946 - 1949. Young men from Ithaca fought in this war, including Nikos Vlassopoulos (Kopela) pictured centre back row. Following the war Niko together with his mother, Eugenia, migrated to Australia in 1950 where he joined his father Demetri who had been in Australia since 1922 and brothers, Stathi, Pano and Costa who had left Ithaca for Australia in the 1930s. In the early years of Ithacan migration, many husbands left their families and migrated to various countries that offered opportunities. Demetri and Eugenia had been separated for almost 30 years before they reunited in 1950. Prior to leaving for Australia Demetri had also spent time in America. Women were left to bring up children on their own during times of hardship and periods of war. A black and white photograph with crimped edges of eight young men sitting amongst low growing shrubbery having a meal break. Two men are standing each end of the group holding guns.kopella