Johann Elias Bleckmann (1784-1856) founded a steel goods shop in Ronsdorf near Düsseldorf Germany. After completing a business education in his father's business, his son Johann Heinrich August Bleckmann (1826-1891) gained further experience through travel in North and South America. When his father died, he took over the steel goods store and moved it to Solingen. He bought a hammer mill in Mürzzuschlag Styria (Austria) in 1862 and converted it into a modern crucible casting steel smelter. His "Phoenix Steel", which he produced himself, achieved worldwide renown. He then went on to establish a file and tool factory and later founded a steel and plate rolling mill. Apart from cutlery blades, the company's self-produced steel was also processed into tools, scythes, rifle parts, etc. His sons Eugen and Walter continued after his death in 1891 at the Phoenix steelworks. However, by the end of the First World War, the two brothers fell into economic difficulties as a result of eliminating a large part of their foreign trade. In 1921, the company was converted into a public limited company and merged three years later with the company Schoeller & Stahlwerke. Made by Johann Heinrich August Bleckmann a significant Austrian manufacture of cutlery and tools in a recognized area of Germany famous for the production of steel items. The item is giving a snapshot of early colonial and European trades persons tools and gives an interesting insight into the development and progression of European tool and steel development and innervation prior to and just after the First World War.Plane Smoothing type with flat base. Has wooden wedge and iron missing. Knob handle is set on top and at the front. Iron 1 3/5 inches wide. Marked "Bleckmann (symbol) Safingen" "GN".flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, plane

This brown glass bottle has been handmade from about the 1870s-1910s. The bottle, possibly used to store ale or soda or mineral water, was found in the coastal waters of Victoria. It is part of the John Chance Collection. Glassblowers made bottles like this one by blowing air through a long pipe into the molten glass blob at the end of the pipe. The glass was blown out to fit into the shape of the cylindrical dip mould. Once it hardened, the glass was removed from the mould and the glassblower would continue using the pipe to create the neck while carefully using a tool to hold the base. A 'ponty' (pontil) tool would been used to complete the shape, pushing up the base. A tool would have been used to cut off the bottle from the blowpipe and apply and form the ring band on the neck. Bottles like this would usually be sealed with a cork, which may have been held in place with wax or wire and tape. Although this bottle is not linked to a particular shipwreck, it is recognised as a historically significant example of handmade, late 19th to early 20th century beverage bottles imported for use in Colonial Victoria. The bottle is also significant for its association with John Chance, a diver in Victoria’s coastal waters in the late 1960s to early 1970s. Items that come from several shipwrecks have since been donated to the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Village’s museum collection by his family, illustrating this item’s level of historical value.Bottle, brown glass, tall and slim, cork-top style. Tooled finish on mouth with applied ring, shoulder seam, body tapers inwards towards base. Concave base has pontil mark. Sediment inside bottle. Glass has shiny surface and diagonal rings from shoulder to mouth, then is less shiny and has an slightly undulating surface from shoulder to base. The surface is markedly raised where base and shoulder meet. Glass has many scratches.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck artefact, john chance, glass bottle, antique bottle, handmade, mouth blown, blown bottle, collectable, bottle, dip mould, soda bottle, brown glass, ale bottle, beverage bottle

Black and white photograph. Large view of the New Chum Line mining site. Mines in foreground. Homes in background. Looking South towards Golden Square. Inscriptions: on front - handwritten - 'Sandhurst Gold Mines - The New Chum Line'. C1873, earlier than NH Caire (1875) - James Lerk 12.11.1999.place, mining site, new chum

Sepia photograph. Twenty nine mine workers posed in three lines. High stone retaining wall behind. Timber and iron buildings behind. Some men holding tools - blacksmiths with leather aprons holding hammers. One man holding a shovel, one man holding a saw. Inscriptions: on board in front of men 'Lansell's Big 180'person, group, mining

Black and while photograph of Clarence United Mine, Sailor's Gully Road, Eaglehawk. Poppet head beside settling pond. Large building to left. James Lerk 20 July, 2000.place, laneway, clarence unite mine.

Sepia photograph 'View of Bendigo No. 48'. Depicts a view of Bendigo City from St Paul's Church Tower. Inscriptions: top margin, 'View of Bendigo, No. 48', 'Presbyterian Church, White Hills in the distance', 'Gravel Hill State School, Mollison Street' 'MP 163'. (Three copies) Nicholas CaireN J Caireplace, streetscape, bendigo

Photograph No. 37. Sepia photograph of township of Eaglehawk, showing main street, Town Hall and Post Office. Also printed below photo, Forbes & Holmes, Agents, Casey & Wenborn's Print. Nicholas CaireN.J. Caire - Sandhurstplace, eaglehawk

Photograph No. 24. Sepia photograph of Pall Mall, Sandhurst, looking West. Printed on top right hand corner. MP 171. Printed below photograph: Welch Type, Forbes & Holmes, Agents. Nicholas CaireN.J. Caire - Sandhurstplace, streetscape

Photo No. 23. Sepia photograph of Sandhurst City Market. Printed on front below photo: Welch Type, Town Hall, Fire Brigade Depot, Forbes & Holmes, Agents. MP 149 Nicholas CaireN.J. Caire - Sandhurstplace, building, sandhurst city market

Photograph No. 19. Sepia photograph of view of Golden Square township. Church in centre back of view. Printed below photograph: Welch Type, Forbes & Holmes, Agents. Written on front MP148 (Two Copies) Nicholas CaireN J Caireplace, landscape view, golden square

Bailliere's Victorian Gazetteer and Road Guide. The most recent and accurate information as th every place in the colony. Second edition, with additions to date. Includes small hamlets postal villages and volcanic hills. Newspaper clipping refering to Marysville. Newspaper clipping referring to Harkaway. Clipping of sale of YMCA, sale of freehold at corner of High and Short Sts. Invitations from Bendigo and Northern District Hospital to H. Curnow. This item also has numerous references to other things that apply to the invitation. Old Post Office telegram form with notes on the back. Mixed amid inner pages is yellow card with typwritten description of the book's name. At front and back there are numerous pages of advertisements.Robt. P. Whitworthvictoria, history, people and places in victoria.

Photograph 13. Sepia photograph of Shamrock Hotel, Sandhurst. Six horse drawn carriages, many men standing around front of hotel. Printed below photograph: Welch Type, J.W. Forbes, Agent. (two copies) Nicholas CaireN J Caireorganization, business, views of bendigo

Photograph 12. Sepia toned photograph of Garden Gully Amalgamated claims. Printed below photo: Welch Type, Carlisle Company’s Claim, North Garden Gully Claim, Pass-by Company's Claim, J.W. Forbes, Agent. Purple stamp on back RHS of Victoria, Bendigo Branch, 1959, 157. Nicholas CaireN.J. Caire - Sandhursttopic, mining, garden gully

Photograph 11: Sepia photograph of View as seen from the Camp Hill, near the Lodge. Noted in print below photo: 'Shamrock Hotel', Camp Hill Rotunda', Bank of Australasia', 'City of Sandhurst Claim', Williamson Street, St James' Hall, St Paul's Church, Welch Type, J W Forbes, Agent. History of photo: written in blue ink on back: 'See photo 1959/198 taken from same spot before St Paul's spire was erected. W Davey? 24.10.59. Purple stamp of RHS of Victoria, Bendigo Branch. 1959, 156. Nicholas CaireN J Caireplace, landscape view, bendigo

Photograph 10. Sepia photograph of View of North Old Chum Claim, showing surface Excavations. Printed below photograph: J.W. Forbes, Agent, Lansell's No. 180 Claim, Welch Expo. 'New Chum and Victoria Company's Quartz Crushing Battery', 'the dividing range between Happy Valley, Victoria Hill and Iron Bark'. Nicholas CaireN J Cairetopic, mining, old chum mine

Sepia toned photograph depicting the Royal Hustlers Mine and dam within Rosalind park, this was 1150' deep. (The mine, not the dam) Three other mines on the same line are clearly visible to the north. The Imperial Hustlers is behind the Hotel, with the Hustlers Extended behind it again. The Great Extended Hustlers Tribute shaft (1970') is on the far hill.topic, mining, hustler's, upper reserve dam, royal hustlers mine, imperial hustlers, hustlers extended, great extended hustlers tribute shaft, imperial hustlers hotel.

Document. Greeting Cards. Small, single white card with patterned edges. Embossed border with sprays of leaves & flowers in each corner. Inside this is an oval with an embossed border. Inside the oval is a small red banner with 'Happy New Year' printed in red. At each side and below is green holly with red berries. In the centre behind is a small red & black bird.person, greeting cards, malone collection, malone collection, greeting cards

Part of the collection of Dr Frank Forster.Pessary. Consists of a hollow stem with a rounded flange at one end. At the end of the stem is a small ridge with a round 'cuff'.pessary, intrauterine device

Black vulcanite pessary. Seen vertically the object resembles a horseshoe. The front section of the cradle is much thicker than the moulded curve of the pessary. Label, typed "GALABIN'S ANTEVERSION PESSARY" and tag with string "Galabin's ante/version/ pessary".intrauterine device, pessary

The pessary was first made of hard rubber then later from vulcanite. A major manufacturer was Allen & Hanburys, London. They were made in six sizes. The pessary was used to support the uterus in cases of prolapse of the uterus or assisted the conditions of relaxation of the vagina and reduction of vaginal hernia. The designer of this pessary was William Morse Graily Hewitt (1828-1893), a British gynaecologist, obstetrician and physician. Vulcanite pessary. The pessary is loosely 'v' shaped, with a thicker section at top and two 'wings'.pessary, intrauterine device

The pessary was first made of hard rubber then later from vulcanite. A major manufacturer was Allen & Hanburys, London. They were made in six sizes. The pessary was used to support the uterus in cases of prolapse of the uterus or assisted the conditions of relaxation of the vagina and reduction of vaginal hernia. The designer of this pessary was William Morse Graily Hewitt (1828-1893), a British gynaecologist, obstetrician and physician.Pessary is made out of black vulcanite. Has two hinged wings with a hole through the centre, and when placed on a flat surface the object forms the shape of a "V".intrauterine device, pessary

Clothing. Women's black embossed silk bodice. Part of two piece set (skirt 11410.2). Stand up lace collar (7 cm) boned on either side and edged with cream coloured lace. Collar fastened at centre back with three metal hooks and eyes. Front opening left of centre fastened with eight metal hooks and cotton loops and three across the left shoulder. Crossover section at front is pin tucked below the neckline and is tapered into the waist with centre pleats. Both sides of the crossover have decorative beading along the edges. The inner layer of the bodice is fastened at centre front with 15 metal hooks and eyes - alternating directions. The bodice is shaped from the waist with 9 boned casings. The back is shaped in at the waist finishing with two U shaped tails (11cm X 8cm) with V shaped tails (4 cm X 6cm) on either side. The waistline and tails are finished with a double row of decorative black beading. At the waistline at centre back are three metal hooks to attach bodice to skirt. Long sleeves are gathered at the shoulder, shaped at the elbow tapering to the wrist. Below the wrist is a two piece cuff (13cm X 7cm) with decorative black beading. The bodice is fully lined with light brown cotton fabric with grey splash pattern. Historical Notes: This bodice and skirt belonged to Elizabeth Graydon (nee Richardson). Photograph of Elizabeth wearing this outfit (11410.3).costume, female, women's black silk bodice

Clothing. Women's black lace and satin layered skirt. Straight calf length skirt with outer layer of embroidered fine net and an inner layer of black satin. Embroidered layer has pattern of scattered flowers with lower 30 cm of dense embroidered flowers. At centre front is a vertical strip of embroidered flowers (5 cm wide). Hemline has a zig zag pattern. Foldover satin waist band (1.5 cm) with two X .8 cm satin loops attached at front and back. Side seam below waistband has 24 cm opening but there is no opening in the waist band.costume, female, women's black lace and satin skirt

Clothing. Women's black satin skirt - unfinished. Calf length with raw edges at waist and hem. side opening with five metal hooks and cotton loops.costume, female, women's black satin skirt

Clothing. Women's yellow full length linen skirt. A-shaped from waist with lower section (36 cm) made up of three horizontal sections,1/ Vertical tab shaped pieces with pin tucks, 2/ Horizontal strip with pin tucks, 3/ Horizontal strip with pin tucks and frill along top edge. Darts around waistline with 1.3 cm waistband with drawstring on RHS only. Centre back opening (26 cm) fastened with two metal press-studs.costume, female, women's yellow full length skirt

Clothing. Women's white full length skirt of cotton fabric with scattered square spots. A-shaped skirt of three horizontal sections with three rows of decorative stitching below each horizontal seam. Shirred elastic waistband (4.5 cm).costume, female, women's white full length skirt

Clothing. Women's straight full length white cotton petticoat. Fold over waistband (4.5 cm) with cotton tape drawstring fastening at centre back above 7 cm opening. Decorative geometric pattern stitching above hemline.Tag at centre front waistband, ''Cherry lane by French Connections'', ''100% cotton'' ''Hand wash''.costume, female, women's straight full length petticoat

Clothing. Women's black silk calf length skirt. Skirt has silk lining with a layer of silk fabric stitched to cover lower section of lining (52 cm). An outer layer of silk fabric falls from the waist to overlap the underlayer. The top layer has an irregular curved hem line.The inside waistband of ribbed cotton fabric (7cm) has six boned casings. The centre back opening (28 cm) overlaps at the waistband and is fastened with metal hooks and eyes and press-studs. The silk lining opening is fastened with four metal press-studs. The outer layer of silk fabric is fastened with five metal hooks and cotton loops.costume, female, women's black silk calf length skirt

Clothing. Women's cream coloured cotton vest with fold over collar at front edged with gold coloured cord. Deep V neckline at front. Centre front opening is fastened with six X 1 cm white buttons with gold pattern, and six button holes. On each side of the front opening are three fleur de lys patterns of appliquéd cord in brown, gold and cream. The lower edge of the front sections are edged with gold coloured cord. Back section of light brown cotton fabric. Front is lined with light brown cotton fabric. Satin ribbed ties (40 cm X 4 cm) attached on inside side seams at waist level. Vent (20cm) in centre back from hem.costume, female, women's cream coloured cotton vest

Clothing. Women's cream coloured double thickness silk scarf. Fabric has embossed pattern of diagonal leaf shapes. At each end on one side only are hand painted pictures;. 1. A Chinese girl kneeling below a tree and holding a sword in her right hand. 2. Tree branch with two butterflies and a rectangular Chinese symbol. Both ends have 5 cm fringeing.costume accessories, female, cream coloured silk scarf