Showing 2886 items
matching a williams
-
Wodonga & District Historical Society Inc
Photograph - Fred Rochow Railways Collection - Geoff Williams, C. 1980s
The Fred Rochow Railways Collection incorporates photos related to the operation of the Wodonga Railway Station including different types of trains and railways staff C. 1930 – 1990. It was donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Fred Rochow, a railwayman who spent many years based in Wodonga. He joined the Victorian Railways on 17th June l947 and retired in 1988. For some time, he was a member of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen and served a term as a member of the Trades Hall Council. He had an extensive knowledge of the struggles that took place to achieve better conditions for railway workers. Fred worked for many years as a fireman and then worked his way up the ranks to driver, experiencing many changes from the days of steam locomotives through to diesel trains, locomotives and even the modern XPT train. He worked throughout Victoria at different stages of his career, with his final working years focused on the northeast of Victoria and the Albury to Melbourne line. After his retirement, Fred continued to share his love of steam miniature trains with the community.This collection has local and statewide significance as it captures images of trains, locomotives and personnel who operated the railway services in Wodonga and throughout Northeast Victoria. The railways played a critical role in opening up Victoria and connecting Australia for trade, business, social communication and transport.Geoff Williams started his railway career as a clerk at Maryborough on 27 August 1947. He became a cleaner in June1952. He passed his Driver qualification in March 1956. Geoff achieved is Fireman's ticket in 1959. He was appointed as Engineman's Instructor in 1972. After a successful career with Victorian Railways, Geoff retired on 1 September 1986.railways wodonga, fred rochow, wodonga railwaymen, geoff williams -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Photograph, Lakes Post Newspaper, 1/03/1993 12:00:00 AM
Black and white photograph of Lakes Entrance C grade cricket team John Sammut, Brad Gillahan, Mark Hudson, Ross McNamara, Paul Harrison, William Dempster, Les Rodgers, David Chatfield, Kevin Wilson, Captain, Ken Chatfield, Ed Williams, Stewart Pidgean taken after defeating Metug Swan Reach at Wy Yung Victoriaclubs, cricket -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Set of 2 Black & White Photograph/s, Keith Kings, 2/12/1979 12:00:00 AM
Set of 2 Black and White photographs of the replica Horse Tram 253 at the TMSV Bylands site. .1 - cleaning the tram - missing the end canopies .2 - Interior of the tram Notes on the rear of the tram note the work of the builder - Newton & Gillian Williams of Mildura and Alan Sutcliffe. Dated 2/12/1979. Photo Numbers 180-32 and 180-33Has the Keith Kings photo stamp on the rear, with extensive details of the photograph.trams, tramways, replica, cross bench tram, horse tram, tmsv, bylands, tram 253 -
Ballarat Heritage Services
Digital photograph, Graveyard Reserve, Ballarat East
Ballarat East, Section 103, Allotment 21 & 22, Peake and Tress Streets, Mount Pleasant. Surveyed by W. S. Reeves Contract Surveyor April 14th, 1871. Also shows allotments of T. Williams and F. Macalpin, as well as the Powder Magazine Reserve.Plan of the Graveyard Reserve and Mount Pleasant Powder Magazine.mount pleasant, w.s. reeves, plan, powder magazine, t. williams, f. macalpin -
Lakes Entrance Regional Historical Society (operating as Lakes Entrance History Centre & Museum)
Photograph, 1944
Named in photo - Group Captain W Garing, Wing Commander D Kingwell, Squadron Leader W Leggett, Flight Lt C Patterson, Squadron Leader L Matheson, Miss J F Muir, Mr Frank Dugan, Mr D WilliamsBlack and white photograph taken of the officials at the opening of the Volunteer Air Observors Corp tower on Esplanade, Lakes Entrance Victoriahistoric sites, navigation -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Ballarat - Grip car or dummy 593 at BTPS depot, Ian Stanley, 11-10-1987
Photos shows Newton Williams reconstruction and motorisation of former Melbourne cable tram grip car or dummy 593 at Ballarat during a demonstration visit. See reference for full details of the reconstruction and visit. Tram 18 is in the background. Photo taken at the time of the BTPS's AGM.Yields information about BTPS Operations and work in 1987Colour print of grip car or dummy 593 at BTPS Depot Has details of the location and dates on rear along with photographers number.ballarat, tramways, tramcars, btps, tram 593, grip car, cable trams, tram 18 -
The Beechworth Burke Museum Research Collection
Card (Series) - Index Card, George Tibbits, Ford Street, Beechworth, 1976
George Tibbits, University of Melbourne. Faculty of Architecture, Building and Town & Regional PlanningIndex system that support the research for Beechworth : historical reconstruction / [by] George Tibbits ... [et al]Arranged by street names of BeechworthEach index card includes: street name and number of property, image of property, allotment and section number, property owners and dates of ownership, description of the property according to rate records, property floor plan with dimensions.beechworth, george tibbitsbeechworth, george tibbits -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Memorabilia (Collection) - Des Williams' Collection (Mahogany Ship Research Material), Mahogany Ship Committee, Warrnambool, early 21st century
Material originally collected by Warrnambool Mahogany Ship CommitteeMaterial collected for research and commemorative purposesA3 archival box containing folders of paper materialMahogany Ship material and other memorabilia of Des Williamsmahogany ship, joseph archibald, des williamsmahogany ship, joseph archibald, des williams -
Greensborough Historical Society
Sound recording, Watsonia High School Choir in All Saint's Church of England Greensborough, 1969_
This is a recording of the Watsonia High School Choir, recorded in All Saint's Church of England, Greensborough. The organist is Bruce Allen and the conductor is David Kefford. Pieces include Three Hungarian folk songs, Ave Verum Corpus (Mozart) and Panis Angelicus (Franck) with soloist Andrew Williams.A rare copy of the choir performing.1 x 45 rpm sound recordwatsonia, watsonia high, watsonia high school, all saint's church of england, greensborough, david kefford, bruce allen, andrew williams -
Ballarat Base Hospital Trained Nurses League
Sheila Prendergast Photo Album 1941-1944, commenced training June 1941
Back L-R: Grace Fletcher, Dorothy Grills, Margaret Williams, Joan Sircum, Elsie Downing. Middle L-R: Frances Vaughan, Mary Crawford, Muriel Nicholls, Eileen Kane. Front L-R: Marion Symons, Joyce Cairns, Monica Robinsonnurses, 1940s, fletcher, grills, williams, sircum, downing, vaughan, crawford, nicholls, kane, symons, cairns, robinson, prendergast, ballarat, hospital -
The Beechworth Burke Museum Research Collection
Card (Series) - Index Card, George Tibbits, 8 Ford Street, Beechworth, 1976
George Tibbits, University of Melbourne. Faculty of Architecture, Building and Town & Regional PlanningIndex system that support the research for Beechworth : historical reconstruction / [by] George Tibbits ... [et al]Arranged by street names of BeechworthEach index card includes: street name and number of property, image of property, allotment and section number, property owners and dates of ownership, description of the property according to rate records, property floor plan with dimensions.beechworth, george tibbitsbeechworth, george tibbits -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - Thomas and Eliza Harvey, August 2024
Thomas Harvey (16/8/1842-30/6/1912) was born in Cornwall. He married Eliza Williams (23/3/1841-12/7/1923) on 6/12/1865. The lived in Clarke Street, Harveyville. This was a small cluster of Cornish miners homes in Eaglehawk.Copy of posed studio photograph of Thomas and Eliza Harvey. McKenzie Family Collection.Photographer's stamp John Lay Eaglehawk, Paris Panelhistory, period clothing -
Bendigo Military Museum
Card - CARD, SYMPATHY, DEC 1941
Cards sent to parents of "Mervyn Clive Townsend" KIA on 15/11/41 on the sinking of HMAS SYDNEY by the German Raider HSK Kormoran. Refer Cat 2313P for Townsends service.Sympathy cards of various sizes and configurations. 1. Folded white card in form of envelope with "Kindest Sympathy" on front. 2. Folded white card "With Deepest Sympathy" on front and was from. 3. Folded green card in form of an envelope with Sympathy on front and message inside. 4. Double folded white card with picture of flowers on front.1. From Walter Rollev. 2. From Mrs Commons & Family. 3. From Mr. & Mrs F. Williams and Glen Wright family. 4. From Mr. & Mrs. John McLeod, Castlemaine.hmas sydney, ww2, melvyn clive townsend, hsk kormoran -
Geelong Cycling Club
Pennant Flag, 1961
The 1960s followed a period through the 1950s when Geelong gave the Empire Games and Olympic Games representatives. 1961 sees D Wilson - an Olympian - appear this decade. The 1970s will again supply Olympic and Commonwealth Games representatives to Australia.Geelong Cycling Club supplies representatives to Australia in the Olympic and Commonwealth Games .Triangular blue felt pennant flag bordered in white felt. It has the VACU insignia stamped in white and inscriptions of the details of the race and race winners stamped in white on it."VACU/Country Junior Teams 15 Miles Road/Premiership/1961/Runners-up/Geelong/B Murrell/L PArish/D Wilson/G Hanson/F Williams/Time:38:20.6"vacu; country junior teams; 15 miles road race; premiership; 1961; runners-up; geelong cycling club; b murrell; l parish; d wilson; g hanson; f williams; -
Returned Nurses RSL Sub-branch
Booklet, [Barbara Williams (nee Haynes)], A brief record of the Australian Army Nursing Service : 1939-45, [1985?]
'Foreword / The Australian Army Nursing Service, 1939-45. / Compiled by VFX 47777 / This small volume represents a brief account of the work done by its members, at home, and abroad.'Red and white coloured cover, stapled booklet.non-fiction'Foreword / The Australian Army Nursing Service, 1939-45. / Compiled by VFX 47777 / This small volume represents a brief account of the work done by its members, at home, and abroad.'australian nurses, world war two, ww2, australia, australian army nursing service, aans -
Ballarat Clarendon College
Photograph, Ballarat College Football Team 1902
Framed, black and white photograph with names inscribed on light green card mount; brass wall fittings on each end. Inscribed on mount below photograph: Ballarat College Football team 1902 / Back row from left / Quiney, Leo Charles, Lambert, Not known, Martin, Jackson, A McCoy / Chapman, G Tyler, E Holgate, Smith. Teacher G Hay / Front row: / Batch, Frank Williams, H Heinz, G Pinney, Tommy Williams, J Walker, W Hartley, S Sim, R Conners / Seated on ground / R Holgate S Walker -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Negative - Photograph, Main Road, Eltham, looking south from Bridge Street, 1906-1907
Looking south along Main Road from the south side of the intersection of Bridge Street with Main Road. Anne Hunniford's Post Office and Burgoyne's store on left. Miss Harriet (Minnie) Williams's Cash Drapery Mart (est. 1902 and enlarged in 1906), also known as Eltham House on the right. Harriet (Minnie) Williams was born London, 1857, the daughter of George John Williams (1812-1895) and Jane Mansfield (1812-1895). In September 1885 she was operating Williams’s Drapery Establishment in premises on Main Road owned by R. Wallis who advertised them to let in September 1885. In 1902 she opened Williams’s Cash Drapery Mart at the southwest corner of Bridge Street and Main Road (opposite the Post Office), owned by W.J. Taylor. In 1906 she bought the premises and one quarter acre of land and expanded the business with a re-opening in April 1906. Harriet was also well-known and esteemed as an active worker in Methodist circles and also Superintendent of the Sunday School. Harriet fell ill in August 1907 and died 15 August. She is buried in Eltham Cemetery with her good friend Ada Ford. Note also the gas street lamp on right. Watson's Hotel on corner of Pitt Street visible in distance. The CBA bank building is hidden behind trees, the chimney and part roof visible. The photo was possibly taken by John Henry Clark of Clark Bros Photographers who operated from 25 Thompson Street, Windsor near Prahan 1894-1914. Evelyn Observer and Bourke East Record (Vic. : 1902 - 1917), Friday 30 March 1906, page 5 ________________________________________ ELTHAM. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) For over three years Miss Williams has carried on a drapery business in very small and inconvenient premises opposite the Eltham post-office. Recently she bought the building and a quarter-acre of land from Mr. W. J. Taylor. Thus having a free hand, she at once matured plans to enlarge and improve the premises to make them suitable for her growing business. The result being that she consulted Mr Roach, contractor, of Heidelberg, put the matter in his hands, and now he has completed in a very satisfactory manner and up-to-date style extensive improvements. A large addition, of very neat and attractive design, with three large windows, has been built right along the front of the old building, and the counters and inside fittings are very neat and convenient, harmonizing well with the attractive outside appearance. Miss Williams has now got in a large now stock of goods, and is making extensive arrangements for a “reopening week," commencing 2nd April, during which time she will make 10 per cent reduction on all cash purchases in the form of gifts of that value. Miss Williams has gone to considerable expense and liability both, in the enlargement and improvement of the premises and in purchasing additional stock. We therefore trust that the public will stand by her by heartily and en masse patronizing her re-opening effort to show their appreciation of pluck in this advance movement. Google Street View Feb 2017: https://www.google.com.au/maps/@-37.7191341,145.1462046,3a,50.5y,191.91h,88.27t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sARwwqEQfMSfH9oTWWapPgQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656 This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book,"Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as the 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital image (x2) 4 x 5 inch B&W Neg B&W Print 16 x 25 cmsepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, eltham, main road, anne jane hunniford, burgoyne store, christopher watson, commercial bank of australia, drapery store, eltham house, gas lamp, harriet (minnie) williams, post office, street lamp, watson's hotel, williams's cash drapery mart, clark bros. photo -
Eltham District Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Opening of Eltham Library, 17 Aug 1971
Guest at the opening of Eltham Library; Left to Right: Mr. John Williams from Messrs. Leith & Bartlett Pty Ltd., Architects who were responsible for the interior architecture. Miss Pa, Mrs. Susan Groundwater, Children's Librarian Heidelberg Regional Library with her husband. This photo forms part of a collection of photographs gathered by the Shire of Eltham for their centenary project book, "Pioneers and Painters: 100 years of the Shire of Eltham" by Alan Marshall (1971). The collection of over 500 images is held in partnership between Eltham District Historical Society and Yarra Plenty Regional Library (Eltham Library) and is now formally known as 'The Shire of Eltham Pioneers Photograph Collection.' It is significant in being the first community sourced collection representing the places and people of the Shire's first one hundred years.Digital imagesepp, shire of eltham pioneers photograph collection, shire of eltham, shire of eltham centenary, eltham library, opening day, john williams, miss pa, susan groundwater, mr groundwater, heidelberg regional library -
Tatura Irrigation & Wartime Camps Museum
Work on paper - Story, Wartime Memories by Ivy Williams
A story written by Ivy Williams, nee Gorman, now Botheras, in 1994. It tells of 6 prisoners of war, who were sent to help her and her husband Fred, harvest their crop of peaches in 1941. Three of them were Ezio Neri, Hans Holsbauer and Osker Fleischer.HistoricOne piece of A4 paper with a typed story and poem. Has been laminatedivy williams, fred williams, ezio neri, hans holsbauer, osker fleischer, fruit pickers, italian pow's -
Stawell Historical Society Inc
Photograph, Pleasant Creek Hospital with Doctors and Nurses on the Steps c1917
Stawell Pleasant Creek Hospital Staff 1917 & 1916 Nurses from left to right Ann Gullan, May Williams, Mayble Hyslop, Mamie Singleton, ? Whitney, Jess Taylor, May Booth, Jennie Wren. Left to Right Dr Fox, Matron Simpson, Dr Forshaw. Black and white photograph of a group on Nurses and Doctors standing on the steps of Pleasant Creek Hospital.stawell medical, hospital -
Ballarat Tramway Museum
Photograph - Set of four photographs of the motorised cable tram set - Wendouree Parade, Andrew Howlett, 20-3-1988
Photographs show the Motorised cable tram set built by Newton Williams and Darryl Hawksworth operating in Wendouree Parade during the 1988 Begonia Festival. The set operated in the 1987 Festival as well. See Reg Item 771 for further details. Grip car 593 and trailer 171.Yields information about the operation of the cable tram set in Wendouree Parade by the BTPS during the 1988 Begonia FestivalSet of four colour prints placed in an album sheet with date label.trams, ballarat, cable trams, grip car, trailers, begonia festival, btps -
Warrnambool and District Historical Society Inc.
Document - William Cox Probate 1899, 1899
Tait collection: item 19 of 62 This is an 1899 document giving Will and Probate details of William Cox who died in Warrnambool in March 1899. He was a farmer residing in Moore Street Warrnambool at the time of his death at the age of 83. He left real estate to the value of £425 and personal estate to the value of £412 to Gwenllian Williams who may have been his sister or niece. A Mr and Mrs Williams were also living in the Moore Street house at the time of Cox’s death. His executors were Thomas Goodall, a law clerk who managed the office of the lawyer Ernest Chambers in Warrnambool and John Ward, a pioneer settler in Warrnambool and a shopkeeper in Jamieson Street in 1899. No other details are available on William Cox. This is an interesting document as it gives details of the Will and Probate belonging to a local Warrnambool person, William Cox. The lawyer dealing with the document was Ernest Chambers who had legal offices in Warrnambool, Port Fairy and Koroit at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. This document has been passed on to successive lawyers occupying legal chambers in the Kepler Street building and that is where the document was held until passed on to the Warrnambool and District Historical Society in 2014.This is an 1899 piece of parchment paper folded in two with handwritten material on three sides of the paper. The seal of the Supreme Court of the Colony of Victoria is attached with blue ribbon and there are two stamps, one blue one of the Colonial Bank in Warrnambool and the other a red one of the Master in Equity of the Supreme Court in Melbourne. Two of the pages have ruled black lines. The writing is very clear but the pages are a little stained.In the Supreme Court of the Colony of Victoria In its Probate Jurisdiction In the Will of William Cox late of Warrnambool in the Colony of Victoria farmer deceased; Probate; I certify there is no duty payable on this probate (signature) Officer under Section 96 of act No 106; E J W Chambers Warrnambool Proctors for the Executorswilliam cox, ernest chambers, john ward, thomas goodall, tait collection -
Federation University Historical Collection
Register, Ballarat School of Mines Register of Attendances for Telegraphy, 1909, 1909
A slim, pastel green, hard covered volume with dark green coloured spine. Inside there are 2 full width pages for entering names of those enrolled. Each full page is followed by 3 narrow pages,one for each term, for recording individual attendances. Thomas Williams lectured in Telegraphy at the Ballarat School of Mines in 1909 so it is assumed that he was responsible for this register.ballarat school of mines, thomas williams, williams, telegraphy -
Federation University Historical Collection
Book - Register, Ballarat School of Mines Register of Attendances for Telegraphy, 1912, 1912
A slim, pastel green, hard covered volume with brown coloured spine. Inside there are 2 full width pages for entering names of those enrolled. Each full page is followed by 3 narrow pages,one for each term, for recording individual attendances. This register was most likely filled out by Thomas Williams who lectured in Telegraphy at the Ballarat School of Mines in 1912.ballarat school of mines, thomas williams, williams, telegraphy -
Federation University Historical Collection
Booklet, Ballarat School of Mines Annual Report, 1901, 1901
In 1901 Andrew Anderson was President of the Ballarat School of Mines. At the height of its world wide fame the annual report states: 'That the public recognises and appreciates the importance of the School, is evident by the large additions to the class rolls - (many of the students have come long distances, from England, India, South Africa, new South Wales, Queensland, West Australia, South Australia and Tasmania,) which give ample proof, if such were necessary, of the wide spread reputation of the School.'8 page booklet relating to the Ballarat School of Mines in the year 1901. It includes information on: Alfred Johnston's death during the Boer War, Thomas Bath's bequest to the Ballarat School of Mines, resignation of Theophilus Williams from the School Council, appointment of Richard Maddern and Isaiah Pearce to the School Council, Associateship courses, New mining metallurgical laboratory and a statement of receipts and expenditure ballarat school of mines, andrew anderson, thomas bath, alfred gresham johnston, boer war, rhenoster kop, south africa, richard maddern, isaiah pearce, salariesmining laboratory, metallurgical laboratory, wynne tables, tregurtha tables, halley's percussioina tables, wilfley concentrator, spitzkasten, jig, linkenback table, chilian mill, amalgamator, model agitation plant, slime vats, alfred mica smith, william gurr, thomas hart, museum, fees, mining plant, model mine, allendale excursion, daylesford excursion, botanical excursion, geological excursion, melbourne excursion, itonworkers' association -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - PORTRAIT OF MALDWYN LESLIE WILLIAMS, 1914 - 1918
Sepia photograph: male portrait, man is dressed in uniform, wearing tie and Sam Browne belt across chest. Badges on both shoulders. Short haircut, with moustache. Written on back in print: ' to the memory of our friend Maldwyn Leslie Williams, Lt. Col. MBBS, who died of wounds received in France, March, 3rd. 1917.' See Research field for more information.Bartlett Bros.person, individual, m.l. williams, williams, maldwyn leslie. medical practitioners. bendigo base hospital. world war 1. bartlett bros. -
Northern District School of Nursing. Managed by Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Photograph - Training Schools 53 and 54, c1965
The Northern District School of Nursing opened in 1950 to address the issues around nurse recruitment, training and education that had previously been hospital based. The residential school was to provide theoretical and in-house education and practical training over three years. The students would also receive practical hands-on training in the wards of associated hospitals. The Northern District School of Nursing operated from Lister House, Rowan Street, Bendigo. It was the first independent school of nursing in Victoria and continued until it closed in 1989.Training school. Black and white photograph; of a group of 12 trained nurses from Mildura and Swan Hill, all standing.. Front three: Judy Atkinson, Sue Harcoah, Val Jones, Middle five: Doreen Brine, Marg Nash, Eileen Coleman, Dallas Williams, Diane Cutts, Back four: Janene Grelis, Carol McArthur, Jan Dowsley, Marg Marshman. nurse training, ndsn, lister house, school 52 1965, school 53 1965 -
Bendigo Historical Society Inc.
Newspaper - Emu Creek Bush Band Collection: Old Time Dance Guide
BHS CollectionNewspaper articles from pages 63 and 65 of 'The Weekly Times' on October 15, 1997 with a description of the Dinki Di Bush Ball recently held at the Eaglehawk Town Hall. The article on page 63 describes the ball and features a photograph of Alan Russ and John Williams. The article on page 65 includes the lyrics to a song 'The Old Bush Dance' and six photographs from the event.emu creek bush band, australian colonial dance, eaglehawk town hall, dinki di bush ball -
Tarnagulla History Archive
Photographs: Tarnagulla Hall Committee, 1987
Donald Clark Collection. Two copies of a colour photograph of the Tarnagulla Hall Committee posed on the stage of the Victoria Theatre in 1987. Standing (L to R): F.J. Chapman, J. Heather, W. Goltz, A.R. (Bert) Hurford, Robert (Bob) Le Messurier. Seated (L to R): John Shay, Les G. Williams, Barry Condick (Pres), Donald W. Clark (Sec), Doug A. Calder.tarnagulla, public hall committee -
Flagstaff Hill Maritime Museum and Village
Audio - Gramophone Cylinder, National Phonograph Co, Poor old England, 1908
Edison Records was one of the early record labels that pioneered sound recording and reproduction, and was an important player in the early recording industry. The first phonograph cylinders were manufactured in 1888, followed by Edison's foundation of the Edison Phonograph Company in the same year. The recorded wax cylinders, later replaced by Blue Amberol cylinders, and vertical-cut Diamond Discs, were manufactured by Edison's National Phonograph Company from 1896 on, reorganized as Thomas A. Edison, Inc. in 1911. Until 1910 the recordings did not carry the names of the artists. The company began to lag behind its rivals in the 1920s, both technically and in the popularity of its artists, and halted production of recordings in 1929. Thomas A. Edison invented the phonograph, the first device for recording and playing back sound, in 1877. After patenting the invention and benefiting from the publicity and acclaim it received, Edison and his laboratory turned their attention to the commercial development of electric lighting, playing no further role in the development of the phonograph for nearly a decade. Start of the Recording Industry: In 1887, Edison turned his attention back to improving the phonograph and the phonograph cylinder. The following year, the Edison company introduced the ”Perfected Phonograph”. Edison introduced wax cylinders approximately 4+1⁄4 inches (11 cm) long and 2+1⁄4 inches (5.7 cm) in external diameter, which became the industry standard. They had a maximum playing time of about 3 minutes at 120 RPM, but around the turn of the century the standard speed was increased to (first 144) and then 160 RPM to improve clarity and volume, reducing the maximum to about 2 minutes and 15 seconds. Several experimental wax cylinder recordings of music and speech made in 1888 still exist. The wax entertainment cylinder made its commercial debut in 1889 at first, the only customers were entrepreneurs who installed nickel-in-the-slot phonographs in amusement arcades, saloons and other public places. At that time, a phonograph cost the equivalent of several months' wages for the average worker and was driven by an electric motor powered by hazardous, high-maintenance wet cell batteries. After more affordable spring-motor-driven phonographs designed for home use were introduced in 1895, the industry of producing recorded entertainment cylinders for sale to the general public began in earnest. Blank records were an important part of the business early on. Most phonographs had or could be fitted with attachments for the users to make their own recordings. One important early use, in line with the original term for a phonograph as a "talking machine", was in business for recording dictation. Attachments were added to facilitate starting, stopping, and skipping back the recording for dictation and playback by stenographers. The business phonograph eventually evolved into a separate device from the home entertainment phonograph. Edison's brand of business phonograph was called the Ediphone. The collection of three phonograph cylinders are an example of early recorded music use for domestic entertainment. They are significant as they represent the beginnings of the modern recording industry.Cardboard tube-shaped gramophone cylinder box with lid. The printed label on the outside of the box advertises the maker and patent details. The Catalogue Number and Title are either printed or hand written on the cylinder’s lid. This cylinder contained Record no. 13619, the recording “Poor old England” published by Castling and Godfrey, sung by Billy Williams. Made by National Phonograph Company USA. C.1907On lid “Edison Record” and “This record should turn at 160 revolutions per minute, no faster” Written on lid in blue pen “Trumpet”, “EDISON AMBEROL RECORD / FOUR MINUTE”warrnambool, flagstaff hill maritime museum, maritime museum, shipwreck coast, flagstaff hill maritime village, gramophone record, gramophone cylinder, edison cylinder, edison record, home entertainment, music recording, edison laboratory orange nj, usa, national phonograph company of australia ltd sydney, thomas a. edison