This postcard is part of an album of postcards which date from late 19th century to mid 20th century. It depicts the interior of Chester Cathedral, an English cathedral built in 1092 and a significant tourist attraction.This postcard is in an album of postcards dating from the late 19th century to mid 20th century. It reflects the popularity of collecting postcards in Australia which reached a height in the early 1900s until around 1920. Postcard of interior of Chester Cathedral On back, printed: 'Interior of Chester Cathedral'postcard, photography, 1900s, , cathedral, chester

souvenir glass was produced to commemorate the 1841 arrival in Australia from Ireland of James and Margaret Jellie . They were early settlers in the Warrnambool district, settling first at Port Fairy and then acquiring property along the Merri River in the Warrnambool area. Their children and families were prominent in the 19th and 20th centuries in the Warrnambool district as pastoralists, particularly in the Grasmere area. One son, James had an auctioneering firm in Warrnambool in the late 19th century and two of James’ and Margaret’s granddaughters, Mary and Dorcas. were well-known as teachers at the Warrnambool State School in the 20th century. This glass is of interest as a memento of the Jellie families who have been so prominent in the history of Warrnambool and district.This is a glass tumbler with a rounded base and a rounded body with a gilt rim around the top of the glass. An image of a ship and gold lettering have been impressed on both sides of the glass. ‘James & Margaret Jellie 1841-1991 150th Anniversary’ ‘To commemorate the arrival of James & Margaret Jellie and their children on the Thomas Arbuthnot at Hobson’s Bay, Port Phillip District of New South Wales on 2 October 1841 and their journey to Port Fairy in early 1842’ jellie families, warrnambool, history of warrnambool

This book was used after the introduction of decimal currency in 1966. it was used by the Orbost Rifle Club. The Orbost Rifle Club existed in the early 20th century. (There are records from 1900). It folded in the late 1970's.Target shooting is one of the oldest organised sports in Australia. Records date back to the British Marines at Sydney Cove in 1788. The Victorian Rifle Association (VRA) was formed in 1860. One of the most important adjuncts to the militia system from 1903 to the re-organisation of 1912 was the role played by the Rifle Club movement in Australia. At the time, these clubs were seen as the reservoir of manpower for a potential guerrilla force should any invasion occur. For Australia, the invasion fear was uppermost in the minds of the population. So important were the rifle clubs for the defence of Australia that the Commonwealth provided the training staff, rifles and ammunition so the clubs could function. Members were drilled, wore uniforms and practised all the basic skills of soldiering as well as target shooting. The Orbost Rifle Club was active during this period. This item is an example of accounting practices during the transition to Decimal currency.A small cream coloured book with brown print on front cover - "Warne Dollar & Cent Ready Reckoner".inside cover - Ted Curtis 5 Lind Lane Orbostaccounting orbost-rifle-club ready-reckoner-warne decimal-currency

Frederick James Gill operated from the early part of the 20th century, through until around the 1960’s. He died in Warrnambool in 1961. There is still a jeweller operating from the same site today.A common item with a link to a Warrnambool businessDark red and black patterned hard case with rounded corners. Lined with cream satin with black felt insert. Metal hinges.Oval sticker: Gill’s jewellers, watchmakers Warrnambool.warrnambool, f.j. gill, jeweller, frederick james gill

Limited edition 20th Century commemorative badge in the shape of the first RSL 1919 badge. Part of the Flight Lieutenant Ian A. 'Joe' Lyons MBE Collection. See Catalogue No. 5374P for his service record.Gold plated metal resin coated badge in the shape of the first RSL Badge. Pin and fastener on the back.On the front: 'Returned Sailors Soldiers Imperial League Australia 1919'. On the back: 'MADE IN AUSTRALIA'.ww1, rsl badge, ian a. 'joe' lyons

Recollections of early 20th century Preston of Mrs Florence McDonald, interviewed by Roger Jones for the Preston City Library Oral History Project on 21 January 1994 at her home at 26 Austral Avenue10 p., typescriptflorence mcdonald, preston, roger jones, preston city library oral history project

Albert (Gus) Lines was a local architect, councillor, and Greensborough identity in the mid 20th century. This Christmas card is from a young Albert to his teacher Mr Partington. The Partington family were Greensborough pioneers. Connects two Greensborough families in the early 20th century.Coloured postcard depicting sheep on hillside near a track.On back of card: 'To his teacher Mr Partington from Albert Lines'partington family, a k gus lines

This handmade barrel sling is used for hoisting barrels onto ships. It is made from hemp fibre and is part of the equipment carried on 19th and early 20th century vessels for loading and unloading barrels and casks at the docks.This barrel sling is significant as equipment typically carried on board sailing ships for use in port when loading and unloading cargo.Barrel sling, handmade from hemp fibre.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, barrel sling, cask, dock, loading cargo, ship equipment, sailmaker, ropework

This lady’s white, cotton camisole is an example of the dressmaking and craftwork skills of the women of the early settlers families in Moorabbin Shire in the early 20th Century. The garment is hand sewn.and ribbons were inserted at yoke and waist Early settlers and market gardeners established their families in Moorabbin Shire and this item shows the skill and craftsmanship of the women of these families Lady's hand sewn white lacework camisole with shoulder straps and ribbon inserts at yoke and waist clothing, crochet, brighton, moorabbin, pioneers, dressmaking, market gardeners, early settlers, craftwork, lacework, moorabbin shire, bentleigh, mckinnon, hunt ailsa, dairy farms, fruit orchards

Presented to Dr Higgins as Bishop of Rockhampton before his translation to Ballarat. This presentation piece evidences Bishop Higgins' work around Australia in the late 19th and early 20th century and his administrative moves.Victorian Silver Plated folding scallop design warming/biscuit dish, having a hand-chased oval body with grape and vine leaves decoration and plane silver border sitting inside a rustic cast frame with cast feet. c.1890. Inscribed- To the Right Rev Dr Higgins from his grateful children the Pupils of Rosebank Sept 2nd 1899. Makers Mark for Walker and Hall underneath dish.walker and hall, bishop higgins, rockhampton, ballarat, rosedale.

Strings of beads were a common fashion accessory for women in the early to mid 20th century. They were usually made from glass beads but other natural item such as seeds or shells were also popular.This item is from the Raper Collection donated to the Wodonga Historical Society by Mrs. Jean Raper.A short necklace of 60 uniform sized beads or possibly shrub seeds. They are strung on thick twine with a metal catch. The catch has worn over time.decorative items, fashion accessory, women's jewellery

Flour bags were a useful source of material to be repurposed into domestic objects in the early 20th century. This object, fashioned from two well-known brands of flour bag, was most likely used as a pillowcase.The pillowcase provides an example of how flour bags were recycled and repurposed into useful domestic objects in the early 20th century.Two flour bags opened out and sewn together to create a possible pillowcase. The open end has a tie sewn to each side to enable the pillowcase to be closed. The bags have been sewn with the inscriptions on the inside of the pillowcase.Side 1 25LBS GROSS WHEN PACKED, John Darling & Son, ECLIPSE, ROLLER FLOUR, MELBOURNE Side 2 O-SO-LITE, Self-raising, FLOUR, Creamy & Delicious, O-SO-LITE PRODUCTS, 412 COLLINS ST MELBOURNE, C.I. Decoration of wheat stalks surround the inscription.flagstaff hill maritime museum and village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, warrnambool, calico, domestic object, textile, food storage, john darling & son, eclipse roller flour, o-so-lite flour, pillowcase, flour bag

Experiments with intravenous anaesthesia were undertaken in 1872 using chloral hydrate. The high mortality rates discouraged further experimentation until the early 20th Century. Thionembutal, or Pentothal Sodium, was one of these early developments. This ampoule has "Experimental" stamped on it. It has come directly from the manufacturing process. Pentothal Sodium is its trade name. It is now more commonly known as thiopentone.Glass ampoule of Pentothal Sodium (Thiobarbiturate No. 8064) 1.0 gm with large yellowed white label.Printed in black ink on label: Experimental / A 512738 / Abbott Laboratories / North Chicago. Ill., USA.pentothal, sodium, thionembutal, thiopentone, experimental, drugs, intravenous, anaesthesia, anaesthetic, john lundy, ralph waters

This handmade, aqua glass ink bottle's design is sometimes called a ‘boat’ shape. The base was mouth-blown into a rectangular mould, evidenced by the lack of seams, the pontil, crease lies and the uneven thickness of the glass. The shoulder section was mouth-blown into a two-piece mould and then cut off from the blowpipe. The lip is sometimes referred to as a 'burst-lip, which was often filed to be smooth. This method of making bottles was often used in the mid-to-late 19th century. The bottle would then be filled with ink and sealed with a cork. More expensive bottles would have a lip added, which was more time-consuming and costly. The capacity for a bottle such as this was about 3 ½ oz (ounces) equal to about 100 ml. Pens are a common item for that period. Pen and ink have been used for handwriting since about the seventh century. A quill pen made from a bird’s feather was used until the mid-19th century. In the 1850s a steel point nib for the dip pen was invented and could be manufactured on machines in large quantities. The nis only held a small amount of ink so users had to frequently dip the nib into an ink well for more ink. Handwriting left wet ink on the paper, so the blotting paper was carefully used to absorb the excess ink and prevent smudging. Ink could be purchased as a ready-to-use liquid or in powdered form, which needed to be mixed with water. In the 1880s a successful, portable fountain pen gave smooth-flowing ink and was easy to use. In the mid-20th century, the modern ballpoint pen was readily available and inexpensive, so the fountain pen lost its popularity. However, artisans continue to use nib pens to create beautiful calligraphy.The ink bottle is of interest, being made of aqua glass rather than the more common clear glass. This set of ink bottles and pens is significant because of the bottle's method of manufacture, which is representative of a 19th-century handcraft industry that has now been largely replaced by mass production. The bottle and pens are historically significant as tools used for handwritten communication until the mid-20th century when fountain pens and modern ballpoint pens became popular and convenient and mechanical typewriters became part of standard office equipment.Victorian 'Boat' ink bottle, small rectangular, aqua glass ink bottle with grooves along the long sides for pen rests. The base has a pontil, no seams, and the glass is uneven in thickness. The shoulder has two side seams and there is a ridge where it is joined onto the base; there are round indents on each of the shoulder, on the short sides, four in all. The mouth has rough edges. The neck leans to one side. The glass has impurities, crease lines and bubbles. There is dried ink in the bottle. Two pens with metal nibs are included with the ink bottle. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, maritime museum, maritime village, great ocean road, shipwreck coast, ink, nib pen, writing ink, writing, copying, banks, lawyers, commerce, student, permanent ink, stationery, record keeping, handwriting, writing equipment, writing accessory, office supply, cottage bottle, boat bottle, mouth-blown bottle, two-part mould, sheer-lip bottle, burst-lip, cork seal, copy ink, aqua glass

This booklet was in a box of items donated to the Orbost Op Shop by Orbost House. Orbost House, believed to have been established by the Macalister family around the turn of the 20th century was a boarding house in Lochiel Street, Orbost. A stapled paper handbook of knitting patterns for defence force knitwear. All Services Knitwear for the Navy, Army, Air Force, Mercantile Marine and Home Guard. Contains 27 pages in paper covers and states that it gives clear instructions for knitting all comforts required by Service men. . Contents include instructions for knitting mittens for the Navy, steering gloves for the Army, other gloves, socks, knee caps, wristlets, helmet with cape pieces for all services, ribbed helmet for the Navy, hospital stockings, scarf, service jacket and pullover and fisherman's sea-boot stockings. It is Illustrated with black/white photographs. knitting-patterns booklet handcraft

This stock measurer would have been used on a farm during the first half of the 20th century. A similar item with decimal measurements may perhaps be used today though mechanized weighing machines are now available. This stock tape measure has no known local significance but it is an interesting item and has its place in the history of agriculture in the district. It will be useful for display. This is a glassfibre measuring tape (imperial measure) in a circular brass holder. The tape has a metal clip at the end. The tape is yellow on one side (measuring weight of pigs) and red on the other side (measuring weight of cattle). The holder has a winding mechanism on the top attached by a brass screw. There is a knob on the winder to hold while turning the winder to bring out the tape to the measurement required and to retract it back into the holder. The holder has a black ridged pattern around the sides. The maker’s marks are etched into the back of the container and printed on the tape. ‘We –Bo’ ‘Comb Maal” On tape: ‘We-Bo Made in Denmark’ ‘Live weight of pigs in lbs in relation to chest-measure in inches’ ‘Live weight of cattle in lbs in relation to chest-measure in inches’ stock tape measure, history of warrnambool, agricultural history

This hand tool was used to reduce tussock grass by burning. It comprised of a long wooden handle with a wick and fuel container at one end. This kind of implement was used in the early 20th Century up until around the 1940s.The tussock burner is of local historical significance as an example of the kind of hand tools used during the period of early farming in the Koroit district. The significance is increased by its possible connection to Joseph Patrick Lee, farmer of Wangoom.The tussock burner is a long handled tool with a fuel burner at one end. farming implements, tussock, burner, tools, wangoom, st mary's farm

Last will and testament of James Black of Pilgrim Inn, Plenty Road, with probate documents, 1854. Preceded the unrelated Black family who leased and owned land in the Watsonia area in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.5 p. photocopies of Will and Bondjames black [plenty road]

Mirranatwa Gap was originally known as Yarram Gap The name later given to the adjacent gap in the Mt William Range sometime in the mid 20th century. This is an early touring car, claimed to be the first , crossing Mirranatwa gapPhoto shows car on road with man standing beside it. Road unsealed Trees on left side of road have been felled. access routes, roads, yarram gap

This decorative fire screen is placed in front of an open fireplace to prevent hot sparks and ash from causing damage. Open fires were common in Australia in the 19th and early 20th century, for both cooking and heating.Fire screen, crescent shaped, brass pressed sheet, with a ship motif within a rectangular area. Ship is a 3 masted sailing vessel, a Spanish galleon. Made in England, c. 1930.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, fire screen, fire guard, domestic item, heating, cooking

Mixing bowls of this design were a common item in Austrailan kitchens in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Women worked largely in the kitchen producing three meals daily for their families and, on farms, for the workers or casual labourers.Local significance for the history of women's work, especially the domestic duties of baking and cooking. Round, cream-coloured, ceramic mixing bowl with pouring lip, fluted design.baking, cakes, mixing bowl, kitchenware, women s work, domestic utensils, home cooked meals

For public meeting of Elwood and South St Kilda Progress Association on land and housing reform. The full date is not given. The Association met on Tuesday nights in the Methodist School Room, Elwood in the early - mid 20th century.White paper, discoloured by age,, printed one side in blackelwood and south st kilda progress association, housing reform

Starter Pistols were fired to start cycling races in the 20th century. Blank shells or caps were used. In recent years electronic timing has become the norm. http://www.muzzle.de/N4/Schreckschuss/Perfecta__S____G____GThis starter pistol is a great example of the pistols used by cycling clubs in mid to late 20th century.Starters Pistol. Includes (oil stained) directions for use and specifications. German made. The pistol is in its original green cardboard box. Also has two circular containers of blank caps."Mayer & Sonne KG/StartPistole/Kal.6mm Flob.Platz/Made in Germany"starter pistol, sporting event, race, starting pistol

The Bendigo based Sander family business Sander and Sons, were producers of eucalyptus oil/extract in the 19th and 20th centuries. Carl Sandner established Sander and Sons Eucalyptus Distillery in 1875. It operated until 1967Advertising card. The top half has a black and white illustration of a young woman peering between curtains. Printed in black and purple "I use Superba Skin Food. That's the secret of my beauty. Have you tried it."advertising, sander, sandner

The Bendigo based Sander family business Sander and Sons, were producers of eucalyptus oil/extract in the 19th and 20th centuries. Carl Sandner established Sander and Sons Eucalyptus Distillery in 1875. It operated until 1967Instructions included in a box of Superba Skin Food. One page with black printing included claims made after use of product and directions for use. Notes that an application for Registration of the distinctive label was made on January 18 1907. Instructions originally folded tightly to fit inside packaging with tin. Two copies.advertising, sander, sandner