X-Rays were first discovered on 8 November 1895. By 18 July 1896 staff members of the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB), were experimenting with the exciting new discovery. The history of x-rays began on 8 November 1895 at the University of Wurzburg in Bavaria. The discovery was officially announced on 25 December 1895. The first radiographs in Ballarat were taken at the School of Mines in July 1896 according to the Ballarat School of Mines (SMB) Annual Report. Frederick J. Martell, the Registrar of SMB arranged for the importation of tubes, while John M. Sutherland, an electrician, conducted most of the experiments giving 6 inch, 12 inch and 16 inch sparks respectively. In a short time brilliantly successful results were obtained, with some SMB Roentgen negatives taken at this time still in existence today. Samuel Ernest Figgis, H. R. W. Murphy, D. McDougall, and Frederick J. Martell carried out experiments at the SMB on Saturday evening 18 July 1896, producing 'perfect' negatives of a hand and wrist. A Roentgen Tube and an induction coil giving a two inch spark, the coil being sparked by the SMB's dynamo, were used to obtain these results. The Courier reported that 'the exposure of five minutes was ample' but concluded that 'the length of the exposure will be shortened as experiments proceed.' The Ballarat Courier reported on 20 July 1896 that: "Thanks to the energy of the staff of The School of Mines, Ballarat, and particularly to Messers F.J. Martell and D. McDougall, the assistance of Rontgen X-rays will soon be available, for the relief of suffering humanity, at this institution." Martell was an ardent amateur photographer, and Duncan McDougall's experience as an electrician has enabled the two gentlemen to carry their experiments on to a perfectly successful issue. At first these gentlemen, together with Professor Purdie and Mr W. Huey Steele, conducted a series of experiments by the aid of a Bonetti glass-plate induction machine which had been constructed by Mr McDougall. The results were very good, the various bones of the hand being distinctly visible. The following people were among those who witnessed the first X-ray experiments to be carried out in Ballarat. Andrew Anderson, President of the School of Mines, a large number of ladies and gentlemen, the medical profession Dr Edward Champion (1867-1929) Dr Gerald Eugene Cussen (1888-1943) Dr William Edward Davies (1868-1928) Dr Charles William Henry hardy (1861-1941) Dr Edward Kenneth Herring(1864-1922) Dr Joseph Lalor (1859-1907) Dr James Thomas Mitchell (1856-1945) Dr Edward Graham Ochiltree (1857-1896) Dr Robert Denham Pinnock (1849-1902) Dr Joseph Francis Usher (c1832-1909) Dr Grace Vale (nk-1933). The staff of SMB Professor Alfred Mica Smith Professor D. J. Dawbarn Mr. F. J. Martell. (http://guerin.ballarat.edu.au/aasp/is/library/collections/art_history/honour-roll/honourroll_X-Ray_pioneers.shtml)Two men, one seated, one standing standing in a room with early electrical equipment. They are conducting pioneer X-rays at the Ballarat School of Mines in 1896. Seated on the left is John Waters Sutherland.A bromide of this images states "Experimenting with X-rays, 1896"ballarat school of mines, x-ray, xray, john sutherland, sutherland, electricity, photography, foto, roentgen tube, medical

The following information relates to enrollments at the Ballarat School of Mines. H . Fleay studied assaying in 1896 John, Spencer, Wallace and Walter Jewkes were enrolled at the Ballarat School of Mines in the late 1880s. J.F., J. Noble, Joseph F., Joseph E., Joseph F. Jnr, Noble Luke, and Patrick Usher were enrolled at the Ballarat School of Mines in the late 1880s and early 1890s. Thomas Sayle was enrolled in Materia Medica, Chemistry, Botany and Astronomy between 1884 and 1891. James, John, Thomas and William Hicks were enrolled at the Ballarat School of Mines in the late 1880s. Photograph of a group of nine young men, thought to be students of the Ballarat School of Mines. Names written in pen on the photo surrounds "H. Fleahy, Jewkes, James, Usher, T. Sayle, Bennett, Hicks, Gacone"ballarat school of mines fleahy, jewkes, james, usher, sayle, benneli, hist, gacone, alumni

Henry Sutton was born at Ballarat on 03 September 1856. He taught Electricity and Magnetism at the Ballarat School of Mines between 1883 and 1887. Sutton was an incredible inventor. He died on 28 July 1912 at Brighton, Victoria. A rare portrait of Australian inventor Henry Sutton. henry sutton, invention, telephone, sutton, inventor, electricity, staffmember

Dick Richards joined the Ballarat School of Mines in 1914, and soon afterwards was granted leave to join an expedition to Antartica. In 1915 he sailed from Australia with the Antartic Exploraton Expedition, led by Sir Ernest Shackleton. Most Antarctic enthusiasts know of Ernest Shackleton's attempt to cross the continent, only to be thwarted by the sinking of the ship 'Endurance'. Dick Richards was the physicist and sled manager for Shackleton's Ross Sea Party - with the task to meet Shackleton on the other side of the continent. When Shackleton planned his transcontinental crossing he decided to use supply depots as loads of supplies were too heavy to pull. The depots would enable Shackleton's party to carry just enough to reach the Pole, relying on the depots which were to be left by the Aurora's crew every 60 miles, stowed in 2 sledge journeys in 1915 and 1916. Dick Richards spent 3 freezing years in Antarctica between 1914 and 1917. Richards' worst experience was when his ship Aurora, tethered offshore, was blown away in a gale leaving Richards marooned for two years with nine other men on the ice floe. The expedition, consisting of two teams, were attempting to cross Antarctica from opposite sides, linking up somewhere near the middle. "That was with pretty poor equipment by today's standards, and we did not make it." (Dick Richards) The Ross Sea Party arrived in McMurdo Sound aboard the Aurora in January 1915. The men planned to make two sledging trips to leave supply depots every 60 nautical miles to Mount Hope about 400 miles away. The going was tough as the sledges were overloaded. Temperatures were as low as minus 68F. In June 1916 the party crossed on foot to Cape Evans, occupied Scott's Hut (from his Terra Nova Expedition, erected in January 1911) in May 1915, for two months. On 10 January 1917 Richards was hunting for seals when he saw a ship on the horizon. It was 'The Aurora'. Picking up the relieved survivors 'The Aurora' arrived in New Zealand on 9 February 1917 to a hero's welcome. Joyce, Wild, Hayward and Richards later won the Albert Medal for their heroic devotion to duty. Later an inlet on the Antartic continent was named after Richards. Dick Richards wrote the following years after the ordeal "To me no undertaking carried through to conclusion is for nothing. And so I don't think of our struggle as futile. It was something the human spirit accomplished." Prime Minister Bob Hawke wrote in 1984 'Your incredible journey of almost 2000 miles across the Antarctic Wastelands - involving some 9 months in the field with makeshift equipment - and you're adherence to duty in the face of enormous difficulty, suffering from scurvy, and the death of comrades, will; be an inspiration to your countrymen of the future as it is to us today." After returning to Australia Dick Richards resumed his work at SMB as Lecturer in Physics and Mathematics, and developed many pieces of experimental equipment. During World War Two he acted as a scientific adviser in the production of optical apparatus in Australia. In 1946 he was appointed Principal and twelve years later he retired after a total of 44 years service. Dick Richards has been honoured through the naming of a Ballarat School of Mines prize - The R.W. Richards Medal. This medal later became a University of Ballarat prize. It has been awarded annually since 1959 to the Bachelor of Applied Science graduate considered to have achieved the most outstanding academic performance of their course. (See http://guerin.ballarat.edu.au/aasp/is/library/collections/art_history/honour-roll/honourroll_Richards,Dick.shtml )A man and lady inspect a bust of Richard (Dick) Richards by sculptor Victor Greenhalgh. The scultpure is at the Ballarat School of Mines. The man is Dick Richards, and the woman is his sister and wife of sculptor Victor Greenhalgh. Both Dick Richards and Victor Greenhalgh were former students and teachers at the Ballarat School of Mines. The bust of Dick Richards was Victor Greenhalgh's last work and was cast in bronze after his death. The bust was presented to the Ballarat School of Mines by Mrs V.S. Greenhalgh (widow of the sculptor and sister of the subject). At the presentation Victor Greenhagh's son said "the two men had been friends as well as brothers-in-law, were of similar age, both enjoyed red wine, beer and cricket and both were educationalists, one an artist the other a mathematician."dick richards, r.w. richards, richards, richard w. richards, victor greenhalgh, bust, sculpture, ballarat school of mines, antarctica, ross shore

Duncan McDougall was associated with the pioneering X-rays conducted by the Ballarat School of Mines in 1896. He was in the Mendelssohn Choir, and was associated with Professor Ross from University of Western Australia. The Ballarat Courier reported on 20 July 1896:"The Ballarat Courier reported on 20 July 1896 Thanks to the energy of the staff of the School of Mines Ballarat and particularly to Messers F J Martell and Duncan McDougall the assistance of Roentgen xrays will soon be available, for the relief of suffering at this institution. On Wednesday evening 22 July 1896 a number of ladies and gentlemen witnessed a series of experiments with the Roentgen x rays." Duncan McDougall later worked at the Kalgoorlie School of Mines as a lecturer in physics and mathematics. on 19 February 1905 the 'West australian' newspaper announced: " Mr Duncan McDougall, formerly of the Ballarat, and later of the Maryborough Schools of Mines, was appointed to succeed Mr. Hart. Mr. McDougall had also charge of the branch class at Midland Junction. In both cases his work proved thoroughly good. The alterations in the trades class regulations will cause all the students in these classes to take up the study of this subject. I have every confidence that Mr. McDou gall will handle these large classes as successfully as the classes he had last year." By 1925 McDougall is being reported in the Perth Daily News: "Duncan McDougall, lecturer on electrical engineering and physics at the W.A. School of Mines, put forward a scheme for reducing the cost of mining in Kalgoorlie. He contended it was the duty of the State and Federal Governments to establish a central electricity generation plant in Kalgoorlie and supply power to the mines at not more than 1/2d a unit, at 3/4d per unit for winding only, and at 2d per unit for lighting. He suggested, the transmission of this power over a radius of 25 miles from Kalgoorlie." (06 May 1925)Photograph of a man in a shirt, bow tie and jacket, holding a scroll and wearing glasses. He has two books beside him on a table. The man is Duncan McDougall, and is portrait was taken in the Charlie Farr studio at Maryborough, Victoriaduncan mcdougall, mcdougall, x-ray, xray, xray, ballarat school of mines, choir, mendelssohn, kalgoorlie

The Ballarat Junior Technical School was a part of the Ballarat School of Mines. it was established in 1913 in a bluestone building at Dana Street Primary School. The new building was completed in 1921, and is now Prospects Restaurant at the University of Ballarat SMB Campus.A number of school boys pose in front of a newly constructed double storey brick school - the Ballarat Junior Technical School.ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education

This booklet was most probably used by Ballarat School of Mines students. 78 page stapled book with no cover. It included a number of diagrams related to surveying and mapping.ballarat school of mines, survey, surveying, mining, mapping

The illuminated signs in this photograph were erected over the main Lydiard Strert entrance to the Ballarat School of Mines somewhere around 1960. The signs were erected by Principal Harry Arblaster in an attempt to emphasis the Diploma Courses were of a tertiary level. Black and white photograph of Ballarat School of Mines building in Lydiard (south) Street, Ballarat. The photo features to signs. The first one includes the word 'The Ballarat School of Mines and Industries, and well as the Ballarat School of Mines shield. The other sign includes the word 'Professional courses, Geology, Chemistry, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Metallurgy, Art"ballarat school of mines, professional courses, gology, chemistry, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, metallurgy, art, trades, arblaster, harry arblaster, illuminated sign

The Ballarat Junior Technical School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines.Fourteen boys, wearing white aprons, are undertaking a practical class in turning and fitting at the Ballarat Junior Technical School. The boys work with foot pedaled and early electric lathes. The classroom has evidence of both gas and electric lighting. (the guitar shaped lamp is gas)ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, trade, fitting and turning

Ballarat Junior Technical School was a section of the Ballarat School of Mines. The principal of the Ballarat Junior Technical School was Albert Steane.Sixteen boys, many in white aprons, are involved in a modelling class at the Ballarat Junior Technical School. 1915ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, trade, modelling, classroom

Black and white image from the Ballarat Junior Technical School Prospectus, 1915. The page has two images (back and front). The sheet metal class shows 16 boys undertaking practical metalwork. Some boys were white aprons. The class takes place in an corrugated tin workshop.The classroom is lit by early electric light. The image on the other side of the page is the Ballarat Junior Technical School woodwork class. (See http://victoriancollections.net.au/items/514be0da2162ef0f342d60ff ) ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, trade, metal, metalwork

The Ballarat Junior Technical School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines.A formal group of 23 adolescent males, most wearing the Ballarat Junior Technical School football jumper and one adult, W. Paterson.stamped verso "Richards & Co. Photographers Ballarat. Proofs not returned charged for. ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, football, sport, paterson, w. paterson

Ballarat Junior Technical School was a division of the Ballarat School of Mines. During this era the Ballarat Junior Technical School was located at the Dana Street Primary School and was in its second year of operation.Exhibition of Ballarat Junior Technical School Sloyd work, including drawing, modelling, sheet metal and woodwork. ballarat junior technical school, ballarat school of mines, education, trade, sloyd, drawing, modelling, metalwork, sheet metal, woodwork, classroom, dana street primary school, exhibition

The original owner of the book, J.R. Pound was lecturer in Chemistry at the Ballarat School of Mines. The second owner, Roy Schrieke was Chemistry lecturer at the Ballarat School of Mines and the Ballarat College of Advanced Education.Green hard covered book of 704 pages. Sections include General, Non-metals, and Metals. Many diagrams.Singed in front cover:- "J.R. Pound 12/6/14" "R.R. Schrieke 15/11/79" ballarat school of mines, ballarat college of advanced education, chemistry, shrieke, roy schrieke, j.r. pound

The image was taken in the Ballarat School of Mines Metallurgy Laboratory at Lydiard Street, before moving to Mount Helen Campus in 1970.Jeff Coward looks through a Reichert microscope set up on a table at the Ballarat School of Minesballarat school of mines, microscope, reichert, coward, jeff coward

This photograph is reproduced on page 19 of the 1941 Ballarat School of Mines Students' Magazine. The 1941 Cricket team had a successful season, but owing to the weather and conflicting arrangements only three matches were played. Scores: Ballarat School of Mines 130 defeated Ballarat High School 114 Ballarat School of Mines 53 defeated Ballarat Church of England Grammar School 34 Ballarat School of Mines 102 defeated Ballarat Church of England Grammar School 101 Eric William Goon was the son of Chinese Herbalist F.S. Goon of Peel Street, Ballarat Black and white photograph of 11 young men dressed in white. The photo depicts the Ballarat School of Mines Cricket team, 1941. Back Row: Eric Goon, D. Eltringham, K. Richard, L. Evans, I. McLachlan, Philip Kempe. Front Row: M. Laurence, J. Elliott, J. Gibbs (capt), Gordon Hale (vice-captain). W. RoweOn back in pencil "1941"eric goon, d. eltringham, k. richard, l. evans, i. mclachlan, philip kempe., m. laurence, j. elliott, j. gibbs, gordon hale, w. rowe, ballarat school of mines, cricket

This item was most probably used at the Ballarat School of Mines. Pajari Instruments Ltd. grew from a partnership established in 1945 when the first EX-AX surveying instrument that provided accurate azimuth and inclination was made available to the diamond drilling industry. The partnership between Charles Trotter and George Pajari Sr. was known as Trotter-Pajari Instruments and the EX-AX Instrument was dubbed the "TROPARI" by the diamond drilling industry. Charles Trotter, a mechanical engineer, was also a marketing genius who developed substantial demand in Australia, Africa and South America in the 1940's and early 1950's. In fact the sales to each of these continents exceeded those to North America during those early years. Pajari is located in Orillia, Ontario, Canada and offer services and products that assist customers with their individual requirements. After the death of Charles Trotter in 1956, George Pajari Sr. with the assistance of his wife Hilda continued the business under the title of Pajari Instruments. George Sr. set most of the tenets that comprise our present Mission Statement. If it wasn't user friendly or if it had to have experts to operate it, that instrument design was doomed. If the customer wasn't getting good value in his opinion, manufacturing and repair procedures were examined to see where efficiency could be improved to cut costs without sacrificing Quality. George Pajari Jr and his wife Darlene assumed the reins of Pajari Instruments Ltd. in 1981 when George Sr. decided on semi-retirement. George Jr. brought the "client geologist's" perspective to the company. The company moved from Toronto to a 30 hectare (80 acre) site near Orillia shortly afterward. This site provided the high magnetic latitude earth field environment without magnetic pollution that is necessary for accurate compass setting. The park like setting of this location is a positive psychological benefit for our staff. George Sr. passed away in 2002 being preceded by Hilda only by 3 months, George Jr. continues at the helm of the company. With dedication from long term employees/contractors and third generation family members, Pajari Instruments Ltd. continues operations/new product development in Orillia. (http://www.pajari.com/about.html) Brass levelling compass in green velvet lined hinged timber box. Known as a Tropari - a single-shot, micro-mechanical borehole surveying instrument operated by a timing device. Borehole direction is measured from the earth's magnetic field. The Tropari provides both direction and inclination which can be used to define the attitude of the borehole at the survey depth. Regular surveys at intervals as the borehole progresses will allow a plot of the borehole to be drawn from the data. The Tropari is easy to use and maximizes profits by minimizing capital and operational costs. The Basic Survey Train Consists of: PDSI / Tropari Container, 6m (20 ft) Nonmagnetic Rods, Impact Foot, and Connector at Top. (http://www.pajari.com/tropari.html) A sticker on the lid of the hinged box states: "A.E. Parsons 107 Leicester St., Carlton 3053 Telephone 347 5844"scientific instrument, compass

The Ballarat School of Mines was the first school of mines in Australia. It offered courses of study as well as introductory or public lectures. Brown ticket with black printing on both sides. The ticket is for a free course of six evening lessons for miners at the Ballarat School of Mines. Verso gives the topics and lecturer for each of the 6 weeks. 23 March 1909 - Introduction "Properties of Gold made use of in its Metallurgy A. Mica Smith. 6 April 1909 - "Geological Aids to Mining" - T. S. Hart. 20 April 1909 - "Mine Surveying" - A.D. Gilchrist. 4 May 1909 - "The application of Chemistry to Mining" - D. Walker. 18 May 1909 - "Some Application of electricity ot Mining" J.M. Sutherland. 01 June 1909 - "Some Physical Properties of the Atmosphere affecting Mines" B. Whitington.ballarat school of mines, mining, lectures, classes, gold, metallurgy, geology, surveying, electricty, mica smith, alfred mica smith, hart, thomas hart, gilchrist, walker, daniel walker, sutherland, john m. sutherland, john sutherland, whitington

The two invoices were sent to the Ballarat School of Mines.Two printed paper invoices from Ballarat and London. .1) William Wesley and Son, scientific Booksellers. .2) William Gooch invoice, Mining Exchange, Lydiard Street North, Ballaratballarat school of mines, mining exchange, william gooch, william wesley, gooch, wesley, booksellerm publisher

Dr James Pound taught Chemistry at the Ballarat School of Mines. Black and white photograph of the bust of Dr. J.R. Pound. ballarat school of mines, chemistry, pound, j.r. pound, james pound

Black and white photograph depicting a women dressed in white shorts, and a man in an overcoat. They are Ballarat School of Mines Student Marg Troon and Ballarat School of Mines Caretaker Harry Brew. They are most probably standing on the White Flat Oval which was used for Ballarat School of Mines sport. ballarat school of mines, brew, troon, sport, white flat, margaret troon, harry brew

Black and white photograph showing the head and shoulders of a man wearing glasses. The man is Daniel Walker, lecturer at the Ballarat School of Mines. daniel walker, ballarat school of mines

Mary Fogarty was a former student of the Ballarat School of Mines. She joined the staff as a teacher of Arts and Crafts at the Ballarat School of Mines Technical Art School. Black and white photographs of the head and shoulders of a woman. She is Mary Fogarty.ballarat school of mines, fogarty, art, women, mary a. fogarty, mary fogarty, university women

Sylvia Williams was head of the Ballarat School of Mines Dressmaking Department between 1845 and 1960. Previously she had been a staff member of the E. Lucas and Co., clothing manufacturers of Ballarat and Melbourne. Black and white image of the head and shoulders of a woman. She is Sylvia Williams, former head of the Ballarat School of Mines Dressmaking Department. ballarat school of mines, williams, dressmaking, lucas, sylvia williams, staffmember

George Porter day worked at the Ballarat School of Mines in the 1880s.Black and white image of the head and shoulders of a man. He is George Porter Day, Ballarat School of Mines gardener and botanist.ballarat school of mines, george day, day, garden, botany, botonist, george porter day, smb botanical gardens, ballarat school of mines botanical gardens

Ron Wild was the Director of the Ballarat School of Mines.Black and white photograph of the head and shoulders of a man - Ron Wild.ballarat school of mines, wild, ron wild

Professor Alfred Mica Smith was a renowned lecturer at the Ballarat School of Mines. Photographer L/A/ Fraser was at 30 Bridge St Ballarat from 1895 to 1900. Black and white photograph a the head and shoulders of a man, Professor Alfred Mica Smith of the Ballarat School of Mines. Written on the lower right :YOurs sincerely, A Mica-Smith. B.A., B.Sc."ballarat school of mines, mica smith, smith

The University of Ballarat was granted a Coat of Arms from the College of Arms in London. The grant has five parts: the Shield, the Crest, the Supporters, the Motto and the Badge. The origin of the University Arms us based on the history of the University and its antecedents. The earlier institutions include the School of Mines and Industries, the Ballarat Teachers' College and its successor, the State College of Victoria at Ballarat.A Coat of Arms signifies the heraldic achievements of an individual or community. The University of Ballarat's Coat of Arms symbolises the golden past of the City of Ballarat and the former institutions, the School of Mines and Industries Ballarat Ltd and the Ballarat Teachers' College, which came together to form the University. At the same time, the motto 'dare to be different', presents a challenge to everyone in both the University and the region to strive for new ways of achieving. Colour photographs of the University of Ballarat Coat of Arms. university of ballarat, coat of arms, heraldry, heraldic device