Sad-irons or "solid" irons were made by blacksmiths and used to smooth out material by pressing the hot iron over it. A piece of sheet -iron was placed over the kitchen fire and the irons placed on it could be heated whilst remaining clean of ash.. The women used 2 irons - one heating while the other was used. Thick cloth or gloves protected their hands from the hot irons. The handle was removed from the cool iron and re- attached to remove the hot iron from the fire. The cool iron was replaced on the fire or stove to heat again. These irons were cleaned with steel wool to prevent them marking the material. If the iron was too hot the material would scorch. Most homes set aside one day for ironing and some large households had an ironing room with a special stove designed to heat irons. However, most women had to work with a heavy, hot iron close to the fireplace even in summer. Thomas Fletcher (1840-1903). By 1880s he had a gas appliance manufactory in Thynne Street, Warrington. By 1895 the company had become Fletcher Russell and Co Gas Engineers, his firm having merged with Alexander and William Russell of Pendleton Iron Works. Circa 1950, the firm merged into Radiation Ltd which was later acquired by 'TI New World'; 1902: Fletcher, Russell & Co. Ltd., Palatine Works, Warrington In 1880 gas -fuelled irons were connected by rubber tubing to the gas light-fittings of the house or to gas canisters. However , not many houses had access to a gas supply until much later and this iron was popular in 1920’sThese sad irons remind us of the difficult circumstances experienced in their daily routines by the pioneers and early settlers of Moorabbin Shire The family of Miss M Curtis were early settlers in Moorabbin Shire.A gas-fuelled flat iron, made in USA , It would have been attached to a gas hose fitting that was also used at night for light in the house. There is a small chimney to allow for air and to try to control the amount of heat in the iron. A 'shield' is under the leather covered handle to protect the user's hand from the heat, however it is made of copper metal - a heat conductor.FLETCHER RUSSELL CO. / LIM/ PATENT/ WARRINGTON on right side of handle 'Registered' on left side of handle ' Fletcher Russell Co L / Warrington, Manchester / & London.sad iron, kitchen equipment, fletcher russell co. ltd., england, warrington, manchester, pioneers, early settlers, market gardeners, sewing, craftwork, clothing, moorabbin, brighton, bentleigh, fireplaces, stoves, domestic gas supply, gas-light, gas cannisters

Displayed in History House. Portland Town Council?Sepia photograph of interior of room with wooden floors and ceiling. Pale-coloured walls. Three tall arched windows on each side (left and right) and fireplace in centre of rear wall. Single central light suspended from ceiling. Paintings and framed photographs on wall, wooden benches along 3 walls and at front left and right, with large central table and 10 chairs in centre of room. Mounted on buff card with decorative stencil.Front: Yeoman & Co. Extra copies can always be obtained. Royal Arcade melbourne. (ink stamp, centre right). Back: Yeoman & Co. The popular photographers, Royal Arcade Melbourne. [.....] Prahran, Richmond, Carlton and South Melbourne (purple ink stamp, centre left).portland town hall, local government, administration

Tapestry has been woven on a electrical driven machine.|Belonged to Mrs. A.E. Hepburn 1933 - 1988. Formerly of Mont Albert.Wall hanging tapestry in brown toning. Scene of an old room with three women sitting at a table sewing with a child standing near them. All women wearing fitted caps. Room heavily detailed - chairs, fireplace, dresser, windows, half open door, lectern, wardrobe, etc. One woman wearing glasses. 3/4 backed in heavy cotton with opening for wooden rod. Long fringing on one end. Wooden rod.handcrafts, tapestry

This certificate was presented to Reginald Sebire in 1914 and displayed at Mont De Lancey until his death. It is displayed in the House Dining Room above the fireplace. Reginald was the eldest son of Thomas and Linda Sebire, the grandson of William and Martha. He and his wife Gwen (Quale) lived in the home of Mont De Lancey with their children until his death in 1962. The certificate is on Loan from Graeme or Alvan Sebire (sons of Reginald)A scalloped shaped framed certificate presented to Reginald J. Sebire in July 1914. The frame is thin brown wood with a light blue trim and a glass front. A coloured coat of arms appears above the inscription with two female figures standing above and beside the coat of arms. The inscription certificate has a white border and buff coloured background.'Independent Order of Rechabites: Salford Unity Established Aug 25th 1835. Registered March 27 1854 Junior Section. This is to Certify that Reginald J. Sebire was enrolled as a member of the Star of Wandin Tent No. 379 on the 3rd Day of July 1914'certificates, documents, objects, membership certificates

This type of cast iron kettle was used by pioneer families, mainly rural in the early 1900's upon open fires. It provided a source of boiling water, in or mainly outside the kitchen of homesteads. Early homes often had an open fire containing a fountain, buckets and kettles that hung from a hook in the fireplace. These containers supplied hot water for cooking, washing and cups of tea. The fountain was placed on hob until needed and then hung over fire.This water fountain would have been used by early settlers in Orbost before the connection of electricity.A large cast iron water fountain. It has a hook on the curved swinging handle and a tap at the front. This large cast iron camp pot or cauldron has a long tap connection located at the bottom end at the front. The tap has a simple control swivel at the end to control the water flow.On lid 1934.1 - 3 to 4 On base 1934.2 - A. Kenrick & Sons 4 Gallskettle cast-iron kenrick domestic kitchen

Two coloured postcards. One of displays at the Dairy Centre, Newhaven. The second of Rhylston Park homestead, Cowes and it’s display of antiques and clocks.Dairy Museum, Phillip Island Road, Newhaven. Victoria 3925. Phone (059)567583 All Hours Rhylston Park Homestead Thompson Ave Cowes 3922 Phone (059)59522856. Rhylston Park(1886) features a display of over 380 antique clocks and watches. This unique collection is enhanced by the original homestead with beautiful lead light, ornate metal ceilings and marble fireplaces.the dairy centre, newhaven, homes, postcards

Pearce's Park is situated on the corner of Barkly and Gladstone Streets, Mount Pleasant (although it is sometimes described as being in Golden Point and Ballarat East). Isaiah Pearce was an owner of a goldmine and mayor. He built Clowance House in Barkly Street and chose not to build around Lake Wendouree as he thought it was snobbish. Since Pearce's death, the home has been a maternity hospital and a women’s boarding house. It includes a marble-effect entrance, fireplaces, ceilings and cornices. Photograph of Pearce's Park in Mount Pleasant.ballarat east, pearce's park, mount pleasant

The fireplace was the main heating source for small houses before 1900, so a bellows to coax a flame from a dying fire was important. They would also be used to keep the fire going in a woodfire oven for cooking. In later cooking ranges, domestic water supply was also heated through the cooking range so bellows helped to maintaing a supply of hot water. These bellows were handcrafted by Mr James Ripper, a great uncle of Mrs. Jean Raper. An item of signifance throughout Australia, bellows were used in homes to coax a domestic fire into flame for heating and cooking purposes. It was probably used in late 19th to early 20th century homes.A set of hand carved wooden bellows. Each side of the bellows was crafted from one piece of timber. The bellows were joined with leather, brass studs and a metal nozzle.bellows, handcragted items, domestic items

A large 1959 calendar with a print titled 'Telling the Tale.' The print depicts 9 gentlemen enjoying a dinner in the late 18th century. The room has a carved stone fireplace, oak panelling and many shooting trophies. The clothes being worn are typical of the 1770's Coats of velvet, elaborate waistcoats and lace ruffles at the throat and wrists. The artist is Vine Lerche. A Bemrose Gravure Reproduction. Morgan Fairest Ltd. Sole manufacturer of the 'Banks' Labellers. Sheffield 4 England.drawing, reproduction, calendar, lydia chancellor, collection, calander, history, print, 18th century history, 'telling the tale, ' vine lerche, art, artworks, 18th century clothing, drawing

'Saxam' was the home of the Kaye family (1886-1888) then William Santon, a former councillor and Mayor of Heidelberg. Saxam Homestead is a distinctive and substantial timber homestead built in the late 1880s as one of the notable rural properties in the St Helena area. [Photo G. Studley]. Seated are Mr and Mrs Kaye, standing William Santon who was a local footballer, councillor and later Mayor of Heidelberg. In 2014 the house still stands but is in poor condition with most interior features such as this fireplace removed. Digital copy of black and white photograph.saxam, william santon, santon family

Pearce's Park is at the corner of Barkly and Gladstone Streets, Mount Pleasant, a suburb of Ballarat. It has a children's playground and historical bandstand. See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVN2MStaHgE Isaiah Pearce was an owner of a goldmine and mayor. He built Clowance house in Barkly Street and chose not to build around Lake Wendouree as he thought it was snobbish. Since Pearce's death, the home has been a maternity hospital and a women’s boarding house. It includes a marble-effect entrance, fireplaces, ceilings and cornices. Colour image of Pearce's Park.pearce's park, bandstands, isaiah pearce, mount pleasant

Four unattributed colour photographs taken 30/05/1981. Three of the photographs (130mm x 90mm; 130mm x 90mm; 90mm x 130mm) depict the exterior of Fairfield Hall and one photograph (90mm x 130mm) depicts the auction board advertising the auction of the property to be held on 04/06/1981. A handwritten note on the back of the photograph of the auction board provides that the house sold for $431,000.fairfield hall, victorian style, architectural styles, fireplaces, stained glass, architectural features, caulfield south, north road, towers

Anthony Truscott ( 1856-1913) was a Cornishman who came to Bendigo in 1880. He initially undertook mining interests before opening a grocery store in 1884. The house at 2 Havilah STreet, "Kilhallen", was probably named after his hometown in Cornwall.Real Estate advertisement for a home built by Anthony Truscott in 1900 called Kilhallen. There are three photos, one of the two story house, one of the ornate fireplace and a small add on building at the rear. Written at the top of the page is: Old shop pulled down and a new one Built Feb 90. Long Gully Super Market closed riteway 14/1/85. opened again May 1985. Sold 1985. approx $105 000 Which is crossed out. Friday Jan 18 - 1985.bendigo, history, long gully history group, the long gully history group - a victorian dream home, richard foord, bendigo advertiser, anthony truscott, kilhallen, craig tweed & co

In the industrialized world, as stoves replaced open fires and braziers as a source of more efficient and reliable heating, models were developed that could also be used for cooking, and these came to be known as kitchen stoves.  The first manufactured cast-iron stove was produced at Lynn, Mass., in 1642. This stove had no grates and was little more than a cast-iron box. About 1740 Benjamin Franklin invented the “Pennsylvania fireplace,” which incorporated the basic principles of the heating stove. The Franklin stove burned wood on a grate and had sliding doors that could be used to control the draft (flow of air) through it. Because the stove was relatively small, it could be installed in a large fireplace or used free-standing in the middle of a room by connecting it to a flue. The Franklin stove warmed farmhouses, city dwellings, and frontier cabins throughout North America. Its design influenced the development of the pot-bellied stove, which was a familiar feature in some homes well into the 20th century. The first round cast-iron stoves with grates for cooking food on them were manufactured by Isaac Orr at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1800. The base-burning stove for burning anthracite coal was invented in 1833 by Jordan A. Mott. The subject item is a mid to late 19th century settlers stove probably of Canadian manufacture imported into Australia around this time. The stove gives us a social snapshot into what life must have been like for our early colonialists using this device for heating and cooking in their meagre homes. Cast iron stove with four-legs, 2 plates on top and a hinged front door. The door has been cast with a maple leaf design and the sides have a pattern cast into them.flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, stove, domestic heating, domestic cooking, heater, cooking unit, pot belly stove, wood fired stove, wood stove

The boot consisted of a complete man's black leather work-boot resting on the ground sub-floor surface (Layers A-B) in front of the fireplace. Although the uppers had folded inwards and hardened, the fabric was in generally good condition. The newspaper consisted of a single folded sheet, comprising the front and rear pages of 'The Age' (January 2nd, 1872), which was crumpled together with a contemporary theatrical flyer. As the items were removed prior to inspection, a direct association between these items cannot be made, though it is possible that the crumpled newspaper had been originally been inside the boot. The boot is significant based on its connection to the construction of the former Royal Mint building and its potential in demonstrating a ritual building practice. Leather boot - Black leather men's ankle-high boot. The leather is dry and desiccated leading to hardening. There is a layer of dirt and mud over all surfaces. Most of the sole has been lost. Nails revealed in this area are corroding, the heal remains and is well attached - there has been a pronounced shrinkage of the leather of the heal. The lace is missing from the boot. buildings, history, architecture, former royal mint, historic building

A slab construction cottage built in Ripplebrook in 1880 as a home for a single female landowner by the name of Ada Donaldson, and later relocated to Labertouche. It was donated to Old Gippstown by the Mason-Brook Pastoral Co. of Labertouche. A small building of horizontal timber slabs. It has a verandah over the front entrance and the front porch, a main living area with a cast iron stove in the fireplace and a separate room (probably a bedroom). There is a stone chimney on the back wall and the roof is shingled. Originally a cottage in its own right, the slab kitchen is now a part of the Bushy Park display.Medium local historic significance.A small building of horizontal timber slabs. It has a verandah over the front entrance and the front porch. There is a stone chimney on the back wall and the roof is shingled. This building was built in 1880sout kitchen, old gippstown, west gippsland, gippsland, gippsland heritage park, goldfields, coal mine, victorian era, moe, historical village, timber slab cottage, ripplebrook, labertouche, mason-brook pastoral co., baw baw shire, latrobe valley, old gippsland heritage park, gunaikurnai, latrobe city council

Spills and tapers were used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire to light fires, candles and gas lamps. . Late 19 century. A light-wieght black enamelled tin for holding spills and wax tapers. Spills and tapers were used to light fires and gas lamps. The tin is decorated with gold scrolls, and green and blue flowers. The paint work is damaged. No makers mark.kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Wax tapers were used by early settlers in Moorabbin Shire to light fires, candles and gas lamps. A narrow and shallow, cardboard box with blue and white label on the top. "Price's Dropless White tapers" " Medium" 2ounces "for lighting candles and gas fires". Makers mark is a sailing ship, set in an oval with the words "Ship Brand". Around the circumference of the oval are the words " London, Liverpool, Price's Candle Company Limited.kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

Prior to the installation of gas and electric light pioneers used candles for lighting after sunset.6 candles, in original box, made by 'Electrine' Co. 2 candles broken when brush tailed possum entered Cottage via chimney 27/4/2014kitchen equipment, lights, candles, fireplaces, early settlers, pioneers, moorabbin, bentleigh, cheltenham, market gardeners

This hearth brush section would have had a handle at the top and bristles protruding from the base. It has been hand-crafted, likely by a blacksmith. A hearth brush is used to clean away fine ash from brick, iron and stone fireplaces and stoves after the fire has died. The hearth brush section was recovered from the wreck of the sailing ship Loch Ard, which was wrecked on June 1st 1878 at Mutton Bird Island near Port Campbell, Victoria. There were 54 people on board and only two survived. The cargo included items for Melbourne's International Exhibition.The hearth brush is an example of domestic cleaning equipment from the late 19th century. The brush is significant for its connection to the Loch Ard sailing ship, which is listed on the Victorian Heritage database. Hearth brush section, copper alloy, bullet-head shaped; bristles and handle are missing. It is covered in verdigris. The metal is hand-beaten. Recovered from the wreck of the Loch Ard. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village, hearth brush, loch ard, cleaning, fireplace, domestic fireplace, domestic oven, ash, brush, 19th century, victorian era, 1878

A toasting fork is a three pronged fork designed to be used to toast things over an open fireplace. Classically, a toasting fork could be stuck into a piece of bread and used to hold the bread in the fire, with a periodic rotation for even browning. For advanced players, it's possible to use a toasting fork to make toasted cheese sandwiches and other hot sandwiches. A typical toasting fork is made of wire, and many modern ones are telescopic, allowing people to fold the fork up or slide the handle in when not in use. This makes toasting forks easier to store and transport, while allowing people to keep their hands well clear of the fire when the fork is in use. The three slender prongs can be of varying length, depending on the design; prongs which are too long will mangle the bread, while short prongs will allow the bread to slide off, so most designers try to strike a happy medium. Before the arrival of gas and electric cook stoves, households relied on heavy duty wood and coal fired cookers, or simply open fireplaces. Such stoves required a great deal of energy and maintenance to run, so when someone wanted a quick snack, toasting something over an open fire could be much more appealing than wrestling with the cooker. Some people also undoubtedly found the experience of toasting something over an open fire to be enjoyable. https://www.delightedcooking.com/what-is-a-toasting-fork.htmIn the old days, there were no electric toasters, so the toasting fork used near an open flame proved extremely effective.Fork with three prongs with hook design on the two outside prongs. Neck features decorative twisted design and there is more decorative work in the metal near the bone handle.None. flagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked-coast, flagstaff-hill, flagstaff-hill-maritime-museum, maritime-museum, shipwreck-coast, flagstaff-hill-maritime-village

The fireplace was the main heating source for small houses before 1900, so a bellows to coax a flame from a dying fire was important. Early bellows were a bag made from the skin of a small animal and a piece of metal, usually brass, to direct the gust of air created by squeezing the bellows to fan the flames. Such bellows existed in China at least since the 5th century BC, when it was invented, and had reached Europe by the 16th century. In 240 BC, The ancient Greek inventor Ctesibius of Alexandria independently invented a double-action piston bellow used to lift water from one level to another.An item in domestic use in homes to coax a domestic fire into flame, the subject item was probably used in the late 19th to early 20th century home with open fireplaces as a domestic object. It gives a snapshot into how domestic heating was provided using wood or coal before electricity or gas came into regularly used.Bellows wood, leather and metal, parts Noneflagstaff hill, warrnambool, shipwrecked coast, flagstaff hill maritime museum, flagstaff hill maritime village, great ocean road, bellows, blacksmith bellows, fire bellows

Home in Seaby Street no.1 next to railway line. Built by Luke Kinsella about c 1870. Photo taken March 1992 about time of sale. A series of nine coloured photos in Album 8. p 37-42 of the Seaby house and interior. Photos in album 8 show 3 different views of the side of the building. One of the wood paneling in the entrance hall. Also 3 photos of the mantlepieces and cast iron grates in the fireplace. Luke Kinsella, brother to Thomas Kinsella's (part owner of Magdala cum Moonlight mine). Thomas was the eldest of the boys then Luke and John Kinsella the youngest. Home in Seaby Street no.1 next to railway line. Built by Luke Kinsella about c 1870. Colour photograph. Series of 9 photos in Album 8. p37-42.stawell dwellings

The cast iron combustion stove is significant as part of the evolution of domestic cooking. Previously, cooking was mostly carried out in the outdoors on open fires, and later in fireplaces indoors. The cast iron combustion stove is significant as part of the evolution of domestic cooking. Cast iron stoves burn solid fuel such as wood or coal, and are used for cooking and warmth. The stoves have a firebox with a grate where the fuel is burned. The hot air flows through flues and baffles that heat the stove top and the oven. By the 1920s gas cookers were being introduced for domestic use, and by the 1930s electric home cookers were being offered to householders. A vintage cast iron kitchen stove set in the back wall of the Mont De Lancey Slab Kitchen. It has two steel decorative hinged doors with a handle to open and close. There is one pull out metal shelf in each compartment. Between the two doors is a round door which opens to reveal the wood box with a slatted base. This allows the ash and small coals from the fire to fall though to a pull-out tray below to be emptied outside when cooled. There is another lift-out kid to clean the ash and coals underneath.On the chimney plate 'Andrews, Patent Non Pariel' On the front of the stove below the round wood box 'C Andrews Geelong'cooking equipment, cooking stoves, fuel cooking stoves, domestic ovens

The two‐door cabinet with a bench top is a simply made nineteenth century utilitarian cupboard. It is similar in style to cupboards that were built into spaces either side of fireplaces in keepers’ quarters. All have two doors simply framed around recessed central panels, which are sometimes bevelled. They are opened with a key, or by a basic knob made of metal or turned wood. Most also are made from a light‐coloured wood, which in this case is possibly Huon pine. Some are painted, others show evidence of paint which has since been removed in an effort to restore the surface, and a few retain their original wood finish. This cabinet, which has plain recessed unbevelled panels, has one internal shelf and stands on the floor without a plinth base. The bench top has basic squared edges, and a low backing with curved ends extends around one side. These features suggest the cabinet was fixed and originally built into a corner. The Cape Nelson CMP identified a similar but slightly different cabinet in one of the assistant keepers’ quarters which is shown with shelves added to the top. Other similar two‐door, benchtop cupboards that were probably built‐in include those at Cape Otway and Cape Schanck , which have since been moved out of the residences. Built‐in cabinets were standard fittings in lightkeeper quarters as illustrated by the Point Hicks Lightstation CMP, which shows a built cupboard beside a fireplace. The Cape Nelson cabinet, an original domestic furnishing provided by the Public Works Department, has first level contributory significance for its historic values and provenance to the lightstation.Two‐door cabinet with a bench top. The doors are simply framed around recessed central panels.Light coloured wood.