Showing 392 items
matching horse tramways - melbourne
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Melbourne Tram Museum
Textile - Framed Tapestry, Glen Waverley Picture Framing, c1980
Hand made woollen tapestry (could be machine made) of a Zoo horse drawn Tram framed within a wooden frame. Paper backing with a cotton hanging strip stapled into the sides of the frame. Frame by the Glen Waverley Picture Framing, 698 High St Road, Glen Waverley. C1980.On rear in ink at the top - "Donated to Hawthorn Tram Museum Feb. 19th 2012 Ron Scholten"trams, tramways, zoo tram, tapestry, souvenirs, memorabilia, tram 100 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Book, Arthur Winzenried, "Tram to Sorrento", 1984
Book - 56 pages including card cover printed on off white paper, centre stapled, titled "Tram to Sorrento", written by Arthur Winzenried, published by APW Productions Melbourne 1984. Covers the history of the steam tram operation from Sorrento township to the back beach. Including the operator G. S. Coppin, the locomotives, rolling stock, staff, stories and closure. Gives lists of shareholders as well.Has a $4.95 sticker in the top right hand corner.trams, tramways, sorrento, steam trams, horse trams, tourism -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Postcard, Marlborough Series, "Burke St Melbourne Looking East", c1910
Postcard photo of Bourke St looking east from about half way between Elizabeth and Queen St with the Melbourne GPO, Post Office in the middle of the photograph, along with a number of horse drawn vehicles and cable trams. mid 1900's (c1905). Divided back with spaces for Correspondence, address and stamp. On right hand side in red "Marlborough Series" (Printed in Australia)trams, tramways, cable trams, bourke st, horse drawn vehicle -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Postcard, Valentine's, "Chapel St, Prahran", c1915
Postcard - photo of Chapel St Prahran looking south along Chapel St towards the intersection with Commercial Road with the Jacob Read drapery business or the Charles Moore and Company department store - now the Pran Central complex in the view. Has a number of horse drawn vehicles, some motor cars and a cable tram in the view. Divided back with spaces for Correspondence, address and stamp. Stamp area has "Printed in county of Saxony" and number 3949 in bottom right hand corner. Published by Valentines & Sons Publishing Co. Melbourne and Sydney.trams, tramways, cable trams, commercial rd, malvern rd, chapel st, horse drawn vehicle -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Personal Papers, Melbourne Tramways Trust (MTT), "Notice Papers for 'The Melbourne Tramways Trust' meetings", 1902 - 1904
Set of 9 Notice Papers or Meeting Agendas - sent to Trust Members and others for The Melbourne Tramways Trust for period October 1902 to September 1904 as listed below. Signed by the Secretary. Covers, appointments, financial, loans, debentures, legislation, arrangements with the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company and other organisations including banks. Notes are the principal items shown in the Orders of the Day. Printed using a Gestetner wax type printing process, possibly the same company as previous. 1902 – 1903 – – Cr. J. Stedeford Chairman, T. Hamilton Secretary Meeting No. Date Notes 1 3/10/1902 Appointment of a Chairman, Committee members, payments, sinking fund debenture purchases. 2 5/12/1902 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases, reporting. 4 24/7/1903 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases, reporting, offer of Commercial Bank to undertake custody of debentures. 5 8/9/1903 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases, reporting, offer of Commercial Bank to undertake custody of debentures, letter from Hawthorn and Boroondara re Hawthorn Horse tramway lease. 1903 – 1904 – – Cr. J. Stedeford Chairman, T. Hamilton Secretary Meeting No. Date Notes 4 17/2/1902 Consider report from Finance and Legislative Committee. 5 20/5/1902 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases, reporting. 6 25/7/1904 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases, reporting. 8 26/8/1904 Payment of accounts. 9 23/9/1904 Payments, sinking fund debenture purchases. For a word version - see: \dbtext\hawthtramcoll\images\htd2006doc.doctrams, tramways, mtt, cable trams, melbourne tramways trust, construction, finances, mto co -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Personal Papers, Melbourne Tramways Trust (MTT), "Notice Papers for 'The Melbourne Tramways Trust' meetings", 1909 - 1912
Set of 12 Notice Papers or Meeting Agendas - sent to Trust Members and others for The Melbourne Tramways Trust for period May 1912 to March 1913 as listed below. Signed by the Secretary. Covers, appointments, financial, loans, debentures, legislation, arrangements with the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company and other organisations including banks. Notes are the principal items shown in the Orders of the Day. Printed using a Gestetner wax type printing process, possibly the same company as previous. 1911 – 1912 – – Cr. J. Stedeford Chairman, T. Hamilton Secretary Meeting No. Date Notes 9 31/5/1912 Payments, reporting, debenture purchases. 9 (shown) 28/6/1912 Payments, reappointment of Auditor and letter from Hawthorn City re acquisition of the horse tramway. 10 26/7/1912 Payments, debenture payment and acquisition of Horse tramway. 12 9/8/1912 Special meeting – re alteration of levels across Queens Bridge. 13 30/8/1912 Payments and acquisition of horse tramway. 1912 – 1913 – – Cr. J. Stedeford Chairman, T. Hamilton Secretary Meeting No. Date Notes 1 27/9/19012 Election of chairman, Payments and is MTCo compliant with the covenants of the lease and what needs to be done. 2 25/10/1912 Payments, debenture purchase and obtaining professional advice on the examination of the tramway. 3 29/11/1912 Payments, debenture purchase and obtaining professional advice on the examination of the tramway. 3 (shown) 20/12/1912 Payments. 4 31/1/1913 Payments, debentures, reporting. 5 28/2/1913 Payments 6 28/3/1913 Payments For a word version - see: \dbtext\hawthtramcoll\images\htd2009doc.doctrams, tramways, mtt, cable trams, melbourne tramways trust, construction, finances, mto co -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Report, George Duncan, "Report to Public Works Committee, Melbourne Tramways Trust", 9/1884
Printed report - four pages - typeset on foolscap paper, dated 16/9/1884 from George Duncan, Engineer Melbourne Tramways Trust, to the Public Works Committee of Parliament and the Melbourne Tramways Trust", "Report to Public Works Committee, Melbourne Tramways Trust" advising on the construction methodology and financial arrangements along with estimates, mode of construction whether by day labour or by contractors, gives a summary of mileage (was some 33miles of cable and 15 miles of horse), estimates and proposed lines showing whether horse or cable.9/1884trams, tramways, mtt, cable trams, melbourne tramways trust, construction, finances, mto co, parliament -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Research Notes, H. S. McComb, extracts from the HTT Annual reports, 1950's
Set of papers - 28 sheets giving extracts from the HTT Annual reports - hand written in ink on plain quarto paper. - Notes the closing date of the horse tramway as 31/1/16 - whether to delegate operation to PMTT - Wattle Park - Metropolitan Tramway Park - Riversdale Road extension - Construction of the tramway, contracts and issues - Opening of the Line - extension of the depot - New tramcars - Burwood Accident - Report of Engineer and Manager - Permanent Way issues - Overhead Items 2037 to 2041 within box 72.3 in a brown folder marked "Hawthorn Tramway Trust" in red pencil. See Reg Items 2364 to 2367 for copies of the original reports.trams, tramways, htt, hawthorn, reports, annual reports, pmtt, wattle park, riversdale rd, construction, hawthorn depot, track, overhead -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Research Notes, H. S. McComb, "Tramways in the Borough of Northcote", 1940's
Two sets of original and four carbon copies of: 1 - Victorian Government Gazette - 27/5/1898, amending the order of 10/9/1888, to allow horse power to be used on the Borough of Northcote tramway. 2 - ditto - dated 11/8/1899 - amending the original order again to allow for electric trams and the max speed of 12 miles / hour. Both have been clipped together using a paper clip. Items 2053 to 2057 within box 72.3 in a brown folder marked "Northcote CC" in red pencil.trams, tramways, northcote, cable trams, electric traction, horse trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Research Notes, H. S. McComb, "Tramways in the Borough of Northcote", 1940's
Original and five carbon copies of the three pages extracted from the Victorian Government Gazette - 14/9/1888 authorising the construction of a tramway in the City of Northcote, giving details of routes, railway crossing of the proposed Clifton Hill and Royal Park lines, depot, motive power, speed, time, passengers only, safety, tolls and charges and governance. Each of the three page sets have been clipped together using a paper clip. Items 2053 to 2057 within box 72.3 in a brown folder marked "Northcote CC" in red pencil.trams, tramways, northcote, cable trams, electric traction, horse trams, railways -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Research Notes, H. S. McComb, Northcote Cable tramway, 1940's
Set of about 20 handwritten sheets of paper giving notes on the Northcote Cable tramway, history, dates, governance and general notes. Some sheets have been pinned together. Some have been written on the rear of torn journals. Items 2053 to 2057 within box 72.3 in a brown folder marked "Northcote CC" in red pencil.trams, tramways, northcote, cable trams, electric traction, horse trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Research Notes, H. S. McComb, notes on the Zoo Horse tramways, 1937
... Trams tramways Zoo Tram Horse Trams Closure Three foolscap ...Three foolscap sheets, 2 pinned together - notes on the Zoo Horse tramways, length, authorisation and extract from the MMTB 1924 Annual report and abandonment in 1923 following the destruction of the depot by fire during the police strike. Items 2061 within box 72.3 in a brown folder marked "Zoological Society" in red penciltrams, tramways, zoo tram, horse trams, closure -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, c1890
... Trams tramways Argus Fairfield Horse Trams tram 1 Black ...Black and white photograph of an illustration of the Fairfield Horse Tram. The illustration is from The Australasian Sketcher with Pen and Pencil (Melbourne, Vic. : 1873 - 1889), No 188 Vol XIIL, 14/1/1885. The magazine was owned by the Argus. The drawing is from a series of sketches at one of the Saturday land sales. The tramcar is numbered 1 and has signage Fairfield Park and Fairfield Tramway. The tramway was operated by Charles Henry James in an attempt to sell land developed by him north of the Fairfield railway station. The tramway operated from 20/12/1884 until its closure in 1890. Stamped on the back "...The Argus...negative No X2656"trams, tramways, argus, fairfield, horse trams, tram 1 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black & White Photograph/s, c1900
... Trams tramways Argus Beaumaris Horse Tram Horse Trams Black ...Black and white photograph of an illustration of the Beaumaris Horse Tram. The photo shows the tram being pulled by 3 horses with several passengers on the top level. The Beaumaris Tramway Company commenced operations in 1887 between Sandringham and Cheltenham railway stations, and managed to survive until 1914. The tramway was operated by Charles Henry James in an attempt to sell land developed by him at Black Rock, Sandringham and Mentone. Stamped on the back "...The Argus...negative No P2225" See also Reg Item 5014 for another photograph of a horse tram. 2nd copy from Keith Kings added 6/8/2020 - see images i2 and i3.trams, tramways, argus, beaumaris horse tram, horse trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Memorandum, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Back to the Horse" procession, 22/05/1933 12:00:00 AM
Procession of horses and vehicles for Royal Agricultural Society of Victoria – 30 September 1933. Memo from Acting Manager to Dist Traffic Superintendents NS & SS informing of procession arrangements. Memo dated 27/2/33. 3 associated memos relating to this event.trams, tramways, instructions, events -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Memorandum, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), Horse and Dog Gymkhana at Albert Park, 17/01/1946 12:00:00 AM
Horse and Dog Gymkhana at Albert Park Monday 28/1/46 Memo from JM Harry, Dist Traffic Supt SS to Mr McCutchan, Hanna St Depot regarding tram arrangements for the event. Memo dated 17 January 1946"Horse and Dog Gymkhana Albert Park, Mon 28/1/46" written in red pencil across top. "Copy to 1st Insps & Roster Clerks" written in black pencil lower left corner.trams, tramways, events, field day -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Block Mounted Photograph, c1934 original photo, print - c1980
Block mounted photograph of a scene c1934 at St Kilda Junction, featuring re-surfacing of the junction tram track - used on page 3 of the December issue of Bellcord. "St Kilda Junction looking northward as tramway roadworks near completion. Workmen are dispersing gravel to cover recently applied bitumen, perhaps from the tanker (centre). Ballast Motor 11 pushes a ballast trailer ahead of W2 571 to St Kilda Beach and a second car to East Malvern. A horse drawn tower wagon (left), heavy roller (foreground) and private motor vehicles stand by. On the Punt Road corner is a petrol station advertising a then popular brand, Atlantic Ethyl, advertising Ford cars. Segments of the intricate junction overhead and trackwork are visible." 2nd copy added from the Donation by David Webb of the Keith Kings collection - in box 89.trams, tramways, st kilda junction, tower wagon, trackwork, freight tram, ballast motor, trailers, tram 11, tram 571 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Ephemera - Timetable, Melbourne Tramway & Omnibus Co. Limited, David Langley, "Time Table for the Kew Tramway Line", May.. 1907
... Trams tramways Kew Horse Trams MTO Co Victoria Bridge Print ...Print of a digital image on an A4 sheet of the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Company Limited timetable for the Kew Horse Tram line, titled "Time Table for the Kew Tramway Line". gives the times for Weekdays, Saturdays and Sundays. Provides times for Kew Cemetery and Victoria Bridge. Also gives fares.trams, tramways, kew, horse trams, mto co, victoria bridge -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black and white - Swanston St looking north from Flinders St, c1900
Photograph of Swanston St looking north from Flinders St. There is one cable tram set in the view along with many horse-drawn vehicles, bicycles, and many pedestrians. In the background is part of Young and Jackson's Princes Bridge Hotel, a sign for "New American system without pain Dentistry", Ayers Henry & Co. clothing, Stainer & Co., Keystone Elgin watches. Visible is an open wire telephone lines on poles. Photo c1900. Understood that the photo appears in the James Flood book of Melbourne photos.Yields information about Swanston St, c1900.Black and white photograph on paper.trams, tramways, swanston st, cable trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Photograph - Black and white - Flinders St, looking west from Swanston St, c1905
Photograph of Flinders St looking east from Swanston St - shows the entrance to Flinders St station prior to the construction of the current building. In the view are one cable tram, many pedestrians and some horse-drawn vehicles. A hoarding on the left hand side possibly indicates work is underway on the new station building. A sign on the pole advises that cable trams went to Spencer St for a penny and for 3d to Port Melbourne or South Melbourne. In the background are buildings for Sargood Bros, Thomas Whitelaw Home Decorators, The Hub, a sign on the Young & Jackson Hotel advertising a Women's Exhibition. There is a telephone pole line on the south side of Flinders St.Yields information about Flinders St, c1905.Black and white photograph on paper.In pencil on rear "163 OB"trams, tramways, cable trams, flinders st, flinders st station -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Negative - Copy - Flinders St Station and trams, 4-9-1926
Copy negative of a photograph of Flinders St station building, at Swanston St with two W class trams crossing Flinders St, a cable tram in Flinders St and a horse drawn cab. The Station is advertising Dried Fruits Week and Pasteurised Milk is "Safe" Milk. The top of the negative has written in ink "Flinders St Stn Melbne 4-9-26" . The Swanston cable tram was replaced by an electric tram in Jan. 1926 and Flinders St cable trams during 1927.Yields information about Flinders St station during 1926.Copy negative of a black and white photographtramcars, tramways, flinders st station, flinders st, swanston st, w class, cable trams, milk, dried fruit -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Magazine - The Tramway Record - Souvenir Edition - Vol. 54, No. 16, Australian Tramway & Motor Omnibus Employees Association (ATMOEA), 10/1993
Last issue of the Tramway Record - when the ATMOEA became the RTBU. Features history of the Union, Retired Tramway Employees Association, Tow Away Zones, Further tram stories by Frank Puls, news from the depots, Jess Wilson, one of the first connies in Melbourne, Remembering the Records, and a list of past and present Secretaries. Includes notes on the Combined Tramways & East Melbourne Sub-branch RSL. Frank Puls article on pages 9 and 10, stories of working on Melbourne trams and page 13, a photo of BTM Horse Tram No. 1Yields information about the ATMOEA and its transistion to the RTBUFifty Two page, with glossy card cover and plain white paper inside - "The Tramway Record Vol. 54, No. 16 Souvenir Edition 1993" - with title in green and black ink and Australian Tramway and Motor Omnibus Employees Association logo on the front cover. Printed by the Victorian branch of the union.trams, tramways, atmoea, rtbu, unions, melbourne, ballarat, btps, frank puls -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Minute book - Cable tram operational history notes and records, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), up to 1930
Compiled by an unknown person as a record book of cable tram operational tickets or fare history for each location with general notes and some notes on electric trams. Pages 1 to 23 and pages 123 and 124 - General history of cable and electric trams with notes on tickets, trams, buses, events, and operational management. Compiled through to 26/10/1930, with some loose notes about the final closure of the cable tram system. For each cable tram car house (depot), Power House or Winding house, or route, notes on tickets, dates, rope speed, fares, replacement electric services or buses. Richmond Fitzroy Fitzroy and South Melbourne line Victoria St Clifton Hill Nicholson St Exhibition (route or line) Brunswick Royal Park Carlton Prahran Toorak' Queensberry St North Carlton Esplanade with details on bus services Windsor St Kilda (Brighton Road) North Melbourne West Melbourne' South Melbourne Port Melbourne' Northcote Kew (horse) Elsternwick (electric) At rear of book is four page document that gives information on the electric tram system, routes, cable. fares and first and last services for each line. Mid 1920s as the West Coburg service noted. Yields information Melbourne cable tram fares, ticket issuing and general history of the MMTB.Book - heavy card covers with paper imitation leather finish with red tape on left hand side and labelled "Minute Book", bound with 8 sewn sections, approx 200 foolscap pages, ruled sheets, numbered in pencil from 1 to 124 used to record information in ink.tramways, cable trams, fares, tickets, electric trams, melbourne, mmtb -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Sands McDougall, Map of Melbourne and Suburbs showing Tramways, Railways, Streets, postal districts, Quarter-Mile Radii etc", c1922
... melbourne cable trams tramways railways horse trams VR Trams sands ...Shows railways, cable and electric tram lines c1922. One of a number of maps produced by Sands McDougall of Collins St. Includes the Zoo horse tram lines. See acquisition and Research note by Duncan McAuslan. See items 2885, 6573, amd 6917 for other editions. On inside cover has current postal rates (including a war surcharge) and places worth visiting and on the rear cover, is an advertisement for Imperial ink.Yields information about Melbourne c1922 and its public transport lines. Produced by Sands and McDougall Pty Ltd of Collins St Melbourne. Folded sheet of paper 6 sections wide x 6 sections or folds deep contained within a green paper cover titled "Map of Melbourne and Suburbs showing Tramways, Railways, Streets, postal districts, Quarter-Mile Radii etc", showing both cable and electric tramways. maps, melbourne, cable trams, tramways, railways, horse trams, vr trams, sands mcdougall, zoo horse tramway, mmtb -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Map, Sands McDougall, "New plan Melbourne and Suburbs Sands & McDougall's Melbourne and Suburban Directory", 1910
... melbourne cable trams tramways railways horse trams NMETL VR Trams ...Shows railways, horse, cable and electric tram lines c1910. One of a number of maps produced by Sands McDougall of Collins St. Includes the MTOCo zoo horse tram lines, the NMETL and VR lines, but not the PMTT. Includes the Caulfield Elsternwick horse tram lines. Possibly included in Sands and McDougall directories based on the title. See items 2885, 6573 and 6916 for other editions. Yields information about Melbourne c1910 and its public transport lines. Cloth-backed and folded sheet of paper 5 sections wide x 4 sections or folds deep. Produced by Sands and McDougall Pty Ltd of Collins St Melbourne. maps, melbourne, cable trams, tramways, railways, horse trams, nmetl, vr trams, sands mcdougall, zoo horse tramway -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Historical list of track length for Melbourne tramways - 1910 to 1982, 1982
List provides the miles or kilometres of Melbourne tramlines length for the MMTB - Cable, Electric both double line and single line, and horse tramways from 30/9/1910 to 30/6/1982. The Victorian Railways lines are excluded. Yields information about the Melbourne tram lines and their total length to 1982.Two page A4 photocopy stapled in top left hand corner.tramways, mmtb, melbourne, tram tracks, length, cable tramways, horse tramways, electric tramways, single line -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Slide - Set of 2, Keith Caldwell, 15/03/1962 12:00:00 AM
Set of two Agfa Colour slides, cardboard mounts, by Keith Caldwell dated 15 March 1962 of: .1 - VR class 53, route 82 to Moonee Ponds in the section that ran parallel to Wests Road Maribyrnong after turning from Williamson Road. .2 - W5 783, River St with White Horse Whiskey and a BOAC advertisements.trams, tramways, route 82, vr class tramcars, footscray, moonee ponds, reserved track, river st, wests rd, w5 class, tram 53, tram 783 -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Radio Transcript, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Wireless Report -- Mr. J. D. Barton Staff Officer MMTB", late 1920's
Radio Transcript or script, 13 foolscap typed pages, double spaced titled "Wireless Report -- Mr. J. D. Barton Staff Officer MMTB". Looks at the history of public transport in Melbourne, in particular early transport problems, crossing the Yarra, the formation of the Melbourne Omnibus Co, the directors, early horse buses, the formation of the Melbourne Tramway and Omnibus Co and running issues with some stories. Item noted dated, presumed late 1920's.trams, tramways, public transport, radio stations, horse buses, mto co, melbourne, cable trams -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document - Radio Transcript, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), "Wireless Talk -- Mr. J. D. Barton Staff Officer MMTB - Melbourne Street Transport No. 2", late 1920's
Radio Transcript or script, 7 foolscap typed pages, double spaced titled "Wireless Talk -- Mr. J. D. Barton Staff Officer MMTB - Melbourne Street Transport No. 2". Report looks at the history of horse bus routes in Melbourne, building of the cable trams, the Parliamentary Bills for the cable trams, constructing the lines, Mr. G. Duncan, Mr. Clapp, construction difficulties, the Melbourne Tramway Trust, MTOC, drainage issues, bridges, alterations to the Act, Patent issues with a London company, opening dates and comments about wire rope. Could be a few pages missing given the way it ends, no thank you or formal ending. Item noted dated, presumed late 1920's.Has pencil notation in top left hand corner "6 copies"trams, tramways, public transport, radio stations, horse buses, mto co, melbourne, cable trams, mtt -
Melbourne Tram Museum
Document, Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB), Melbourne cable tram history, late 1930's
Manuscript - 29 quarto sheets carbon copy - article for publication possibly about the history of the Melbourne cable tram system. Notes cover - the background of history of city transport, the suburban councils, the formation of the MTOC, the MTT - list the various council representatives, development of the cable system, Mr. George Duncan, Dunedin, construction works, maintenance, finances, funding, contractors, construction timing, list of lines and opening dates, winding houses, the various lines, construction issues with drainage, cable lengths, horse trams. The conversion of cable trams, annual returns for 1886 to 1935. Page 22 has a heading "Why a Prophecy was Unfulfilled" - which looks at the finances of the MTT and the folding into the Tramway Board and then the MMTB, including community obligations, the MMTB Act, conversion operations, the Chairman's tour of 1923, St Kilda Road conversion, and finally conversion of Elizabeth St and Victoria St. Article dated mid to late 1930's.trams, tramways, cable trams, melbourne, public transport, history, mto co, mtt, dunedin tramways, finances, contracts, cables, construction, track construction, conversion, mmtb, chairman, community services